CN103937964B - A kind of containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method - Google Patents
A kind of containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of new for gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method. Concretely comprise the following steps: (1) adds a certain proportion of H in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate2O, mix homogeneously, it is moist block for reaching, and is laid in crucible bottom, and thickness is 1-3cm; (2) crucible is positioned over industrial microwave kiln roasting until stopping microwave heating when smokelessly emerging; (3) will after microwave calcining broken-200 orders that are milled to of iron concentrate, then adopt iodide process that the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is leached, calculate its slag meter leaching rate. Compared with traditional processing method, patent of the present invention have prevent sintering, save pretreatment time, energy efficient, reduction microwave power, equipment needed thereby easy enforcement simple, easy to operate, leaching rate advantages of higher, be also adapted to process sulfur-bearing containing higher other Gold Ores of arsenic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to from containing the technical field of gold recovering gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, be specially and a kind of utilize Microwave Radiation in Manufacturing from containing the method extracting gold gold sulfur arsenic concentrate.
Background technology
Gold is one of rare, the most most precious metal, and in history in a very long time, gold is all a kind of main currency. Although the functions of money of gold weaken to some extent now, but gold reserve is still one of mark of a national national power. Tellurian golden profile is very uneven, has more than 80 country in the world at exploitation gold mine, and volume variance is very big, and the gold ore resource of China relatively horn of plenty, yield is constantly in the world the 4th.
The 60% of whole world gold reserve belongs to Technique of Refractory Gold Ores, and most of gold originate from hot-liquid type mineral deposit, complicated components, and direct leaching rate is low. Concentrate of the present invention be the plumbous zinc-gold ore in Hunan Province through flotation obtain containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, the gold mineral of the overwhelming majority has been enriched in concentrate, gold grade average out to 6.7g/t, its sulfur, arsenic content have respectively reached 43.08% and 1.02%, and the gold mineral in concentrate is all wrapped up by pyrite and mispickel. Owing to the granularity of gold mineral is very thin, the gold mineral granularity of nearly 70.17%, less than 0.010mm, causes that the degree of dissociation of gold mineral monomer is only small in grinding process. In Ore, the gold of 77.62% is distributed in pyrite and mispickel, and under room temperature, condition of normal pressure, this part gold cyanide solution or iodine add liquor kalii iodide and is difficult to leaching, and this part gold mainly exists with the form of micro-gold and submicro gold.
For Technique of Refractory Gold Ores, at present both at home and abroad frequently with preprocess method mainly have:
(1) roasting oxidation method.The method is preprocess method the most frequently used at present, at high temperature, air or oxygen is utilized to react with the mineral such as sulfur, arsenic, make the gold being wrapped in the mineral such as sulfur, arsenic exposed out, meanwhile, the impurity such as sulfur, arsenic is oxidized to gas phase, and it is loose porous for making calcining, be conducive to next step to leach, improve leaching rate. But there is the shortcomings such as energy consumption height, environmental pollution be big.
(2) pressure oxidation method. The technical process of the method is, levigate slurrying Ore is sent into pressurizing vessel oxidation pre-treatment. Conventional pressurizing vessel is the autoclave of the complicated multicell with stirring, and oxygen is added to each indoor, and in acid condition, the sulfide in Ore is destroyed the mixture producing sulphuric acid, ferric sulphate, ferrous sulfate and other metal sulfate. By aoxidizing, gold is made to dissociate out from the inclusion enclave of sulfide. The method have Quick Oxidation, reaction thoroughly, without toxic and harmful, the advantage such as be easily handled. But the method is high to equipment requirements, production cost is expensive, therefore is still in the experimentation stage.
(3) microbial oxidation. The method utilizes the directly or indirectly effect of antibacterial, oxidation of sulfureted ore deposit, is that the metabolism of self obtains required energy simultaneously, and this technical matters is comparatively ripe. But there is the shortcomings such as pretreatment time length, high to environment and equipment requirements, cost of investment is high.
(4) chemical oxidization method, also known as aqueous solution chlorination method. The method utilizes strong oxidizer oxidation gold containing ore. Mainly there are chloridising, hypochlorite method, alkaline process, nitric acid oxidation method and peroxide method etc., have the better suitability for the pyritous Gold Ore containing carbonaceous and atypia. But exist oxidant expensive, to environment, mostly be the shortcomings such as Batch Process, production capacity is low.
In sum, the current gold extracting method containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, have that energy resource consumption is big, high to equipment requirements, production cost expensive, leaching rate is not high, production capacity is low, easily cause the shortcomings such as environmental pollution. The efficient gold extracting method containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate of research and development is still the important technological problems needing solution badly. Microwave calcining application in metallurgy is a kind of New Metallurgical Technique that development in recent years is got up. Microwave calcining has that speed is fast, selectivity is strong and the characteristic such as internal heating. Microwave calcining can make to decompose containing the pyrite in gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and mispickel, makes pyrite be oxidized to bloodstone, and mispickel is oxidized to magnetic iron ore, sulfur and arsenic and is oxidized to SO respectively2And As2O3Enter gas phase. Hence with microwave radiation, the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold being carried out pretreatment, it is possible to gold is separated from pyrite and mispickel, free gold out can adopt the alkaline cyaniding of routine or iodine method to leach. But when adopting conventional microwave calcining technology that the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is carried out pretreatment, there is easy-sintering, energy consumption is high, and later stage leaching rate improves the shortcomings such as inconspicuous.
Summary of the invention
Concentrate of the present invention be the plumbous zinc-gold ore in Hunan Province through flotation obtain containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, the gold mineral of the overwhelming majority has been enriched in concentrate, gold grade average out to 6.7g/t, its sulfur, arsenic content have respectively reached 43.08% and 1.02%, gold mineral in concentrate is all wrapped up by pyrite and mispickel, adopts conventional method to be difficult to leach. For above-mentioned situation, the present invention provides a kind of new for gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, the method is except the advantage with conventional microwave roasting method, also have and prevent sintering, save pretreatment time, energy efficient, reduction microwave power, equipment needed thereby easy enforcement simple, easy to operate, leaching rate advantages of higher.
Its concrete scheme is:
(1) in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, a certain proportion of H is added2O, containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2. Containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mix homogeneously, it is moist block for reaching, and is laid in crucible bottom, and making thickness is 1cm ~ 3cm.
(2) crucible is positioned over the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stopping microwave heating during smokeless generation.
(3) containing broken-200 orders that are milled to of golden sulfur arsenic concentrate after microwave calcining, then will adopt iodide process that the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is leached, calculate its slag meter leaching rate.
Described containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mass is than optimal proportion 10:1. When ratio is more than 10:1.2, mixed Ore is difficult to into bulk, and when being put in industrial microwave kiln roasting, part Ore sputters crucible. When ratio is less than 10:0.8, experiment effect is inconspicuous.
Described crucible is the material not absorbing microwave, and the material of its best is quartz.
Described containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2It is 2cm that O mixture is laid in crucible bottom optimum thickness.
Described containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, gold grade be 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%.
The power of described industrial microwave oven is 0.8 ~ 12 kilowatt.
Compared with traditional direct microwave ripple roasting, the technology of the present invention adds a certain proportion of H before microwave calcining2O, has and prevents sintering, saves pretreatment time, energy efficient, reduction microwave power, equipment needed thereby easy enforcement simple, easy to operate, improves the advantage such as leaching rate, and this patent is also adapted to process sulfur-bearing containing higher other Gold Ores of arsenic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate weight-loss ratio comparison diagram of sample after conventional microwave calcining technology processes with patented technology of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate leaching rate comparison diagram of gold after conventional microwave calcining technology processes with patented technology of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation method
The invention will be further described below.
I material
Industrial microwave oven (power is 0-12kW continuously adjustabe, 2450MHz), containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate (gold grade be 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%), crucible (material for quartz) and H2O。
II material configuration and implementation
A certain proportion of H is added in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate2O, sulfur-bearing is containing pozzuolite concentrate and H2O mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2, mix homogeneously, and it is moist block for reaching, and is laid in crucible bottom, and making thickness is 1cm-3cm. It is positioned over the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stopping microwave heating during smokeless generation. After microwave calcining ,-200 orders will be milled to containing pozzuolite concentrate is broken by sulfur-bearing, then adopt iodide process that the concentrate containing pozzuolite of sulfur-bearing after microwave calcining is leached, calculate its slag meter leaching rate.
III principle
Microwave heating material has selectivity and adds thermal property, and material absorbs the ability of microwave, is mainly determined by its loss factor, and this coefficient is the ratio of the dielectric absorption coefficient dielectric constant with material. Dielectric constant, also known as dielectric constant, is the material a kind of tolerance to the inhibition of microwave. Dielectric absorption refers to that supplies consumption energy makes the phenomenon of self-heating, and when frequency one timing, coefficient is more big, and the ability absorbing microwave is more strong, and material is easier to be heated. In microwave field, the heating of material mainly realizes with dipole pilot polarization and interfacial polarization mode. As a kind of frequency electromagnetic waves, the material being under microwave field is had an effect by microwave, and the molecule in material is ionized under electric field action and polarizes, and forms polar molecule, and polar molecule has positive and negative two poles, and they produce to align in the electric field.Along with the alternate of microwave electromagnetic field, there is the higher-order of oscillation in the polar molecule in material, molecular motion produces heat, here it is the principle of microwave heating.
Containing the pyrite in gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and mispickel, microwave had good absorbability, intensification can be heated in microwave field, but hydrone belongs to polar molecule, dielectric absorption coefficient is bigger, therefore its loss factor is bigger, microwave having higher absorbability, can be brought rapidly up vaporization, its heating rate is far longer than iron concentrate itself. When adding certain proportion H in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate2After O, its heat temperature raising situation will change.
(1) aqueous water is heated rapidly forms steam, and high-temperature vapor carries amount of heat, the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold can be made to heat up quickly and evenly so that it is be heated to higher temperature at short notice.
(2) high-temperature vapor reacts with containing the pyrite in gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and mispickel:
This process is conducive to FeS2The conversion of As element in middle S element and mispickel, can solve sulphur removal and the arsenic parcel to gold faster.
(3) steam volatilization after, containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate be loose porous shape, it is easy to air contact, quickening S and As gasification, make the whole response time shorten.
IV detailed description of the invention
A kind of new for gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it comprises the concrete steps that:
(1) in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, a certain proportion of H is added2O, its optimum quality ratio is: 10:1. Containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mix homogeneously, it is moist block for reaching, and is laid in crucible bottom, and laying depth is 1cm-3cm, and best laying depth is 2cm. Crucible is made up of the material not absorbing microwave, and its best material is quartz.
(2) crucible is placed in the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stopping microwave heating during smokeless.
(3) after microwave calcining ,-200 orders will be ground to by the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold, then adopt iodide process that it is leached, calculate its slag meter leaching rate.
V embodiment
Embodiment 1,50g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 800W, without significant reaction after microwave heating 30min, stop microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, without significant change before weight relatively microwave calcining, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining being ground to-200 orders, then adopt iodide process to leach, the leaching rate of its gold is 8.25%, sees Figure of description 2.
After 50g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is added 5g water, being laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 800W, and after microwave heating 30min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 21.21%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining being ground to-200 orders, then adopt iodide process to leach, the leaching rate of its gold is 39.36%, sees Figure of description 2. Adopting the method that patent of the present invention provides, the leaching rate containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate gold improves 31.11%.
Embodiment 2, is laid in crucible bottom by 100g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold, and laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 2kW, and after microwave heating 60min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 24.80%, see Figure of description 1.Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 39.51% of its gold, see Figure of description 2.
After 100g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is added 10g water, being laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 2kW, after microwave heating 60min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 26.57%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 50.06% of its gold, Figure of description 2. Adopting the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, weight-loss ratio improves 1.77%, and the leaching rate of gold improves 25.26%.
Embodiment 3, is laid in crucible bottom by 200g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold, and laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 4kW, and after microwave heating 60min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 26.51%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 43.24% of its gold, see Figure of description 2.
After 200g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is added 20g water, being laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 4kW, after microwave heating 40min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 27.12%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 54.63% of its gold, Figure of description 2. Adopting the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, the time shortens 33.33%, and energy consumption saves 33.33%, and weight-loss ratio improves 0.61%, and the leaching rate of gold improves 11.39%.
Embodiment 4, is laid in crucible bottom by 500g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold, and laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 8kW, and after microwave heating 40min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 27.33%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 48.59% of its gold, see Figure of description 2.
After 500g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is added 50g water, being laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 8kW, after microwave heating 25min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 28.03%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 61.23% of its gold, Figure of description 2. Adopting the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, the time shortens 37.50%, and energy consumption saves 37.50%, and weight-loss ratio improves 0.70%, and the leaching rate of gold improves 12.64%.
Embodiment 5,1000g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is laid in crucible bottom, and laying depth is 2cm, is positioned in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 12kW, after microwave heating 30min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 27.86%, see Figure of description 1.Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 51.43% of its gold, see Figure of description 2.
After 1000g sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold is added 100g water, being laid in crucible bottom, thickness is 2cm, is positioned in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 12kW, after microwave heating 15min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight-loss ratio 28.66%, see Figure of description 1. Then the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodide process to leach, the leaching rate 70.56% of its gold, Figure of description 2. Adopting the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, the time shortens 50.00%, and energy consumption saves 50.00%, and weight-loss ratio improves 0.80%, and the leaching rate of gold improves 19.13%.
Being only more than the better embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned design according to the present invention, those skilled in the art also can make various amendment and conversion. Such as, containing the ratio of gold sulfur arsenic concentrate quality and water, water adds the solute such as NaCl, adjust the microwave calcining time, adopt different microwave power, adopt the crucible of unlike material and adopt the method to process other sulfur-bearing containing arsenic concentrate and Ore, etc. But, similar this conversion and amendment belong to the essence of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. one kind containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterised in that comprise the concrete steps that:
(1) in containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, a certain proportion of H is added2O, containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2, containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mass ratio is 10:1; Containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2O mix homogeneously, it is moist block for reaching, and is laid in crucible bottom, and thickness is 1cm-3cm, containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate and H2It is 2cm that O mixture is laid in crucible bottom thickness;
(2) crucible is positioned over the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stopping microwave heating during smokeless generation;
(3) containing broken-200 orders that are milled to of golden sulfur arsenic concentrate after microwave calcining, then will adopt iodide process that the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold after microwave calcining is leached, calculate its slag meter leaching rate.
2. one according to claim 1 is containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterised in that described crucible is the material not absorbing microwave, and its material is quartz.
3. one according to claim 1 containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterised in that described containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate, gold grade be 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%.
4. one according to claim 1 is containing gold sulfur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterised in that described containing interpolation certain proportion H in gold sulfur arsenic concentrate2After O, its heat temperature raising situation particularly as follows:
(1) aqueous water is heated rapidly forms steam, and high-temperature vapor carries amount of heat, makes the sulfur arsenic concentrate containing gold quickly and uniformly heat up;
(2) high-temperature vapor reacts with pyrite and mispickel:
Be conducive to FeS2The conversion of As element in middle S element and mispickel, solves sulphur removal and the arsenic parcel to gold;
(3) after steam volatilization, Ore is loose porous shape, it is simple to air contact, the gasification of quickening S and As, shortening response time.
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| CN104313343B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-02-24 | 南华大学 | A kind of high arsenic leaches gold extracting method containing gold sulfur concentrate oxidizing roasting-microwave-assisted |
| DE102015107435A1 (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Process for the partial roasting of copper- and / or gold-containing concentrates |
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| CN1030944A (en) * | 1987-07-14 | 1989-02-08 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | gold refining method and device thereof |
| CN101225467A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2008-07-23 | 沈阳理工大学 | Method for pretreating refractory gold ore by employing microwave calcining |
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| CN102758080A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-31 | 福建省双旗山矿业有限责任公司 | Method for microwave roasting and non-cyanogen gold leaching of sulfur-bearing gold mineral |
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| WO2008036820A2 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-03-27 | Hw Advanced Technologies, Inc. | Method for oxidizing carbonaceous ores to facilitate precious metal recovery |
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| CN1030944A (en) * | 1987-07-14 | 1989-02-08 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | gold refining method and device thereof |
| CN101225467A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2008-07-23 | 沈阳理工大学 | Method for pretreating refractory gold ore by employing microwave calcining |
| CN101948954A (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-01-19 | 广西地博矿业集团股份有限公司 | Gold recovery technology for processing arsenious S-C gangue coated gold concentrate by microwave fluidized roasting |
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