CN103937964A - Novel microwave roasting and gold-extracting method for gold-bearing concentrated dimorphite - Google Patents
Novel microwave roasting and gold-extracting method for gold-bearing concentrated dimorphite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel microwave roasting and gold-extracting method for gold-bearing concentrated dimorphite. The method comprises the specific steps: (1) adding H2O in a certain proportion into gold-bearing concentrated dimorphite, uniformly mixing to obtain moist bulks, and paving on the bottom of a crucible, wherein the thickness is 1-3cm; (2) placing the crucible in an industrial microwave furnace to roast till no smoke emits and stopping microwave heating; and (3) crushing sulfur concentrate roasted by microwaves to -200 meshes, leaching the gold-bearing concentrated dimorphite roasted by microwaves by adopting an iodide process, and calculating the slag leaching rate. Compared with conventional treatment methods, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that sintering is avoided, pre-treatment time and energy consumption are saved, microwave power reduced, required equipment are simple, and convenience in operation, easiness in implementation and high extraction rate are achieved, and is further suitable for treating other gold ores with high contents of sulfur and arsenic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to from reclaiming golden technical field containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be specially a kind of Microwave Radiation in Manufacturing that utilizes from extracting golden method containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate.
Background technology
Gold is one of rare, the most most precious metal, and in a very long time, gold is all a kind of main currency in history.Although the functions of money of gold weaken to some extent now, gold reserve is still one of mark of a national national power.Tellurian golden profile is very inhomogeneous, has in the world more than 80 a country at exploitation gold mine, and volume variance is very large, and the gold ore resource of China is compared with horn of plenty, and output is always in the world the 4th.
60% of whole world gold reserve belongs to Technique of Refractory Gold Ores, and most of gold originate from hot-liquid type mineral deposit, complicated components, and directly leaching yield is low.Concentrate of the present invention be the plumbous zinc gold mine in Hunan Province obtain through flotation containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, the gold mineral of the overwhelming majority has been enriched in concentrate, gold grade average out to 6.7g/t, its sulphur, arsenic content have reached respectively 43.08% and 1.02%, and the gold mineral in concentrate is all wrapped up by pyrite and mispickel.Because the granularity of gold mineral is very thin, nearly 70.17% gold mineral granularity is less than 0.010 mm, causes the liberation degree of gold mineral monomer in grinding process very little.In ore, 77.62% gold is distributed in pyrite and mispickel, and under normal temperature, condition of normal pressure, it is to be difficult to leach that this part gold adds liquor kalii iodide with cyanide solution or iodine, and this part gold mainly exists with the form of micro-gold and time micro-gold.
For Technique of Refractory Gold Ores, the normal pretreatment process adopting mainly contains both at home and abroad at present:
(1) roasting oxidation method.The method is current the most frequently used pretreatment process, at high temperature, utilize air or oxygen to react with the mineral such as sulphur, arsenic, allow to be wrapped in gold in the mineral such as sulphur, arsenic out exposed, meanwhile, the impurity such as sulphur, arsenic are oxidized to gas phase, make calcining be loose porous, be conducive to next step and leach, improve leaching yield.But there is the shortcomings such as energy consumption is high, environmental pollution is large.
(2) pressure oxidation method.The technological process of the method is that levigate slurrying ore is sent into pressurizing vessel oxidation pre-treatment.Conventional pressurizing vessel is the autoclave of complicated multicell that band stirs, oxygen is added to each indoor, under acidic conditions, the mixture of the destroyed generation sulfuric acid of sulfide, ferric sulphate, ferrous sulfate and other metal sulfate in ore.By oxidation, make gold dissociate out from the inclusion of sulfide.The method have Quick Oxidation, reaction thoroughly, without toxic and harmful, be easy to the advantages such as processing.But this method is high to equipment requirements, production cost costliness, therefore still in the experimental study stage.
(3) microbial oxidation.The method is utilized the direct or indirect action of bacterium, oxidation of sulfureted ore deposit, and simultaneously for institute's energy requirement is obtained in the metabolism of self, this technical matters is comparatively ripe.But there is the shortcomings such as pretreatment time is long, high to environment and equipment requirements, cost of investment is high.
(4) chemical oxidization method, claims again aqueous solution chlorination method.The method is utilized strong oxidizer oxidation gold containing ore.Mainly contain chlorination process, hypochlorite method, alkaline process, nitric acid oxidation method and superoxide method etc., for having better suitability containing carbonaceous and the pyritous Gold Ore of atypia.But exist oxygenant expensive, to environment, mostly be the shortcomings such as batch production, throughput be low.
In sum, the current gold extracting method containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, exists that energy consumption is large, high to equipment requirements, production cost is expensive, leaching yield is not high, throughput is low, easily cause the shortcomings such as environmental pollution.Research and development are still containing the gold extracting method of golden sulphur arsenic concentrate the important technological problems of needing solution badly efficiently.The application of microwave calcining in metallurgy is the metallurgical new technology of one that development in recent years is got up.The characteristics such as microwave calcining has that speed is fast, the strong and inner heating of selectivity.Microwave calcining can make to decompose containing the pyrite in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and mispickel, make pyrite be oxidized to rhombohedral iron ore, and mispickel is oxidized to magnetite, and sulphur and arsenic are oxidized to respectively SO
2and As
2o
3enter gas phase.Therefore utilize microwave radiation to carrying out pre-treatment containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, just gold can be separated from pyrite and mispickel, free gold out can adopt conventional alkaline cyanide process or iodine method to leach.But while adopting conventional microwave calcining technology to carry out pre-treatment to containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, have easy-sintering, energy consumption is high, and later stage leaching yield improves the shortcomings such as not obvious.
Summary of the invention
Concentrate of the present invention be the plumbous zinc gold mine in Hunan Province obtain through flotation containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, the gold mineral of the overwhelming majority has been enriched in concentrate, gold grade average out to 6.7g/t, its sulphur, arsenic content have reached respectively 43.08% and 1.02%, gold mineral in concentrate is all wrapped up by pyrite and mispickel, adopts conventional method to be difficult to leach.For above-mentioned situation, the invention provides a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, the method is except having the advantage of conventional microwave calcining method, also there is the sintering of preventing, save pretreatment time, energy efficient, reduction microwave power, simple, the easy to operate easy enforcement of required equipment, leaching yield advantages of higher.
Its concrete scheme is:
(1) containing adding a certain proportion of H in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2o, containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2.Containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o mixes, and reaches and is moist block, is laid in crucible bottom, and making thickness is 1 cm ~ 3 cm.
(2) crucible is positioned over to the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stop microwave heating while smokelessly producing.
(3) will after microwave calcining, be milled to-200 orders containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate is broken, then adopt iodination to leaching containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate after microwave calcining, calculate its slag meter leaching yield.
Described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o quality is than optimum proportion 10:1.In the time that ratio is greater than 10:1.2, mixed ore is difficult to into block, and while being put in industrial microwave kiln roasting, part ore sputters crucible.When ratio is less than 10:0.8, experiment effect is not obvious.
Described crucible is the material that does not absorb microwave, and its best material is quartz.
Described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2it is 2 cm that O mixture is laid in crucible bottom optimum thickness.
Described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, gold grade is 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%.
The power of described industrial microwave oven is 0.8 ~ 12 kilowatt.
Compared with roasting with traditional direct microwave ripple, the technology of the present invention is added a certain proportion of H before microwave calcining
2o, has the sintering of preventing, saves pretreatment time, energy efficient, reduction microwave power, simple, the easy to operate easy enforcement of required equipment, improves the advantages such as leaching yield, and this patent is also adapted to process sulfur-bearing containing other higher Gold Ores of arsenic.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is containing the rate of weight loss comparison diagram of golden sulphur arsenic concentrate sample after conventional microwave calcining technology and patented technology of the present invention processing;
Fig. 2 is containing the leaching yield comparison diagram of golden sulphur arsenic concentrate gold after conventional microwave calcining technology and patented technology of the present invention processing;
Fig. 3 is schema of the present invention.
Specific implementation method
The invention will be further described below.
I material
Industrial microwave oven (power is 0-12 kW adjustable, 2450 MHz continuously), containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate (gold grade be 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%), crucible (material is quartz) and H
2o.
II material configuration and implementation method
Containing adding a certain proportion of H in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2o, sulfur-bearing is containing pozzuolite concentrate and H
2o mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2, mix, and reach and be moist block, be laid in crucible bottom, making thickness is 1 cm-3 cm.Be positioned over the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stop microwave heating while smokelessly producing.To after microwave calcining, be milled to-200 orders containing pozzuolite concentrate is broken by sulfur-bearing, then adopt iodination to leach containing pozzuolite concentrate sulfur-bearing after microwave calcining, calculate its slag meter leaching yield.
III principle
Microwave heating material has selectivity and adds thermal property, and material absorbs the ability of microwave, is mainly determined by its loss factor, and this coefficient is dissipation loss coefficient and the ratio of the specific inductivity of material.Specific inductivity claims again specific inductivity, is the one tolerance of the inhibition of material to microwave.Dissipation loss refers to supplies consumption energy and makes the phenomenon of self-heating, and when frequency one timing, coefficient is larger, and the ability that absorbs microwave is just stronger, and material is more heated.In microwave field, the heating of material mainly realizes with dipole pilot polarization and interfacial polarization mode.As a kind of frequency electromagnetic waves, microwave is had an effect to the material under microwave field, and the molecule in material is ionized and polarizes under electric field action, forms polar molecule, and polar molecule has positive and negative two utmost points, and they produce and align in electric field.Along with microwave electromagnetic field alternately changes, there is HF oscillation in the polar molecule in material, molecular motion produces heat, the principle of microwave heating that Here it is.
Containing pyrite and mispickel in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, microwave is had to good absorptivity, can in microwave field, be heated intensification, but water molecules belongs to polar molecule, dissipation loss coefficient is larger, therefore its loss factor is larger, microwave is had to stronger receptivity, the vaporization that can heat up rapidly, its temperature rise rate is far longer than sulphur concentrate itself.Add certain proportion H when containing in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2after O, its heat temperature raising situation will change.
(1) the liquid water heated water vapour that forms rapidly, high-temperature vapor carries amount of heat, can make to heat up quickly and evenly containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, makes it be heated at short notice comparatively high temps.
(2) high-temperature vapor reacts with the pyrite and the mispickel that contain in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate:
This process is conducive to FeS
2the conversion of As element in middle S element and mispickel, can separate sulphur removal and arsenic faster to golden parcel.
(3) after water vapour volatilization, be loose porous shape containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be easy to contact with air, accelerate the gasification of S and As, the whole reaction times is shortened.
IV embodiment
New for a golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, its concrete steps are:
(1) containing adding a certain proportion of H in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2o, its optimum quality ratio is: 10:1.Containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o mixes, and reaches and is moist block, is laid in crucible bottom, and laying depth is 1 cm-3 cm, and best laying depth is 2 cm.Crucible is made up of the material that does not absorb microwave, and its best material is quartz.
(2) crucible is placed in to the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stop microwave heating when smokeless.
(3) will after microwave calcining, be ground to-200 orders containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, then adopt iodination to leach it, calculate its slag meter leaching yield.
V embodiment
Embodiment 1,50 g are laid in to crucible bottom containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, and microwave power is adjusted to 800 W, after microwave heating 30 min without significant reaction, stop microwave, take out crucible, weigh after cooling, weight compared with microwave calcining before without considerable change, see Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, its golden leaching yield is 8.25%, sees Figure of description 2.
50 g are added after 5g water containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 800 W, after microwave heating 30 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 21.21%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, its golden leaching yield is 39.36%, sees Figure of description 2.The method that adopts patent of the present invention to provide, has improved 31.11% containing the leaching yield of golden sulphur arsenic concentrate gold.
Embodiment 2,100 g are laid in to crucible bottom containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, and laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 2 kW, after microwave heating 60 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 24.80%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 39.51% that it is golden, is shown in Figure of description 2.
100 g are added after 10 g water containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 2 kW, after microwave heating 60 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 26.57%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 50.06% that it is golden, Figure of description 2.Adopt the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, rate of weight loss has improved 1.77%, and the leaching yield of gold has improved 25.26%.
Embodiment 3,200 g are laid in to crucible bottom containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, and laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 4 kW, after microwave heating 60 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 26.51%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 43.24% that it is golden, is shown in Figure of description 2.
200 g are added after 20 g water containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 4 kW, after microwave heating 40 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 27.12%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 54.63% that it is golden, Figure of description 2.Adopt the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, time shorten 33.33%, energy consumption has saved 33.33%, rate of weight loss has improved 0.61%, the leaching yield of gold has improved 11.39%.
Embodiment 4,500 g are laid in to crucible bottom containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, and laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 8 kW, after microwave heating 40 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 27.33%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 48.59% that it is golden, is shown in Figure of description 2.
500 g are added after 50 g water containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be laid in crucible bottom, laying depth is 2 cm, is placed in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 8 kW, after microwave heating 25 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 28.03%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 61.23% that it is golden, Figure of description 2.Adopt the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, time shorten 37.50%, energy consumption has saved 37.50%, rate of weight loss has improved 0.70%, the leaching yield of gold has improved 12.64%.
Embodiment 5,1000 g are laid in to crucible bottom containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, and laying depth is 2 cm, is positioned in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 12 kW, after microwave heating 30 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 27.86%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 51.43% that it is golden, is shown in Figure of description 2.
1000 g are added after 100 g water containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, be laid in crucible bottom, thickness is 2 cm, is positioned in industrial microwave oven, microwave power is adjusted to 12 kW, after microwave heating 15 min, smokeless is emerged, and stops microwave, take out crucible, after cooling, weigh, rate of weight loss 28.66%, is shown in Figure of description 1.Then the golden sulphur arsenic concentrate that contains after microwave calcining is ground to-200 orders, then adopts iodination to leach, the leaching yield 70.56% that it is golden, Figure of description 2.Adopt the method that patent of the present invention provides to process containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, time shorten 50.00%, energy consumption has saved 50.00%, rate of weight loss has improved 0.80%, the leaching yield of gold has improved 19.13%.
Below be only preferred embodiments of the present invention, according to above-mentioned design of the present invention, those skilled in the art also can make various amendments and conversion.For example, containing the ratio of golden sulphur arsenic concentrate quality and water, in water, add the solutes such as NaCl, adjust the microwave calcining time, adopt different microwave powers, adopt the crucible of unlike material and adopt this method to process other sulfur-bearing containing arsenic concentrate and ore, etc.But similar this conversion and amendment all belong to essence of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. new it is characterized in that containing a golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, concrete steps are:
(1) containing adding a certain proportion of H in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2o, containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o mass ratio is: 10:0.8 ~ 10:1.2, and containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o mixes, and reaches and is moist block, is laid in crucible bottom, and thickness is 1 cm-3 cm;
(2) crucible is positioned over to the industrial microwave kiln roasting of certain power, until stop microwave heating while smokelessly producing;
(3) will after microwave calcining, be milled to-200 orders containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate is broken, then adopt iodination to leaching containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate after microwave calcining, calculate its slag meter leaching yield.
2. according to claimed in claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2o quality is than optimum proportion 10:1.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, described crucible is the material that does not absorb microwave, its best material be quartzy.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate and H
2it is 2 cm that O mixture is laid in crucible bottom optimum thickness.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, the power of described industrial microwave oven is 0.8 ~ 12 kilowatt.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, described containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate, gold grade is 6.7g/t, sulfur-bearing 43.08%, containing arsenic 1.02%.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of new for golden sulphur arsenic concentrate microwave calcining gold extracting method, it is characterized in that, describedly add certain proportion H containing in golden sulphur arsenic concentrate
2after O, its heat temperature raising situation is specially:
Liquid water is the heated water vapour that forms rapidly, and high-temperature vapor carries amount of heat, makes to heat up fast and uniformly containing golden sulphur arsenic concentrate;
High-temperature vapor and pyrite and mispickel react:
Be conducive to FeS
2the conversion of As element in middle S element and mispickel, separates sulphur removal and arsenic to golden parcel;
(3) after water vapour volatilization, ore is loose porous shape, is convenient to contact with air, accelerates the gasification of S and As, Reaction time shorten.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104313343A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-01-28 | 南华大学 | Oxidizing roasting-microwave-assisted leaching gold extraction method for high-arsenic gold-bearing sulfur concentrate |
| CN107810282A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2018-03-16 | 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 | The partial roasting method of the concentrate of cupric and/or gold |
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| CN107810282B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2020-03-27 | 奥图泰(芬兰)公司 | Method for partial roasting of copper and/or gold containing concentrates |
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| CN103937964B (en) | 2016-06-15 |
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