CN103936285A - Production method of high-strength wear-resistant complex-phase poly-crystal engineering plate - Google Patents
Production method of high-strength wear-resistant complex-phase poly-crystal engineering plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103936285A CN103936285A CN201410122580.1A CN201410122580A CN103936285A CN 103936285 A CN103936285 A CN 103936285A CN 201410122580 A CN201410122580 A CN 201410122580A CN 103936285 A CN103936285 A CN 103936285A
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- base waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a high-strength wear-resistant complex-phase poly-crystal engineering plate, and relates to the technical field of production of artificial stone materials or part of engineering materials. The method comprises the following steps: mixing calcium-based wastes, auxiliary raw materials and a fluxing clarifying agent, hotly melting, homogenizing and clarifying to form a high-temperature melting body, performing calendering, pouring or water quenching on the high-temperature melting body to prepare a basic amorphous plate or granules, and crystallizing to form the high-strength wear-resistant complex-phase poly-crystal engineering plate. According to the method, the solid wastes are comprehensively utilized; the high-strength wear-resistant complex-phase poly-crystal engineering plate is good in physical and mechanical properties and excellent in processing property, can replace the natural stone materials or the part of engineering materials, is superior to the natural stone materials or the part of engineering materials in physical and mechanical properties and chemical stability, and can be widely applied in the fields of chemical industry, metallurgy, building decorations, petroleum and the like.
Description
Technical field
The production technical field that the present invention relates to a kind of artificial stone-like material or part engineering materials, also relates to the technical fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy, building decoration, oil.
Background technology
At building field, lithotome, as a kind of Nonrenewable resources, more needs special concern.China's nonmetal mineral resource reserves are placed in the middle in world rankings, are not very non-richness in other words.It is very long that lithotome generates the age, belongs to Nonrenewable resources.But along with nation-building and each side demand increase, the use of lithotome is but day by day general.Especially aspect building decoration, thus efficiently, reasonably comprehensive utilization, can improve the ecological environment for country saves more valuable natural resource and is beneficial to.At present, domestic stone mining and processing enterprise, often only notice into waste rate, volume recovery and complete processing etc., and seldom pay close attention to the comprehensive utilization of lithotome.Some is engaged in the personnel of material mine exploitation, production, processing, construction, even comprises the engineering design person in construction industry, and the utilization of lithotome tankage is paid little attention at all, generally just thinks to abandon as waste product.Lithotome has 50% left and right to become non-specification rubble and rubble in recovery process, with regard to national existing rough stone block output, calculates, this is a considerable numeral, if can make full use of, existing economic interests, can economize on resources again.In the process of processing lithotome, will produce and be approximately waste material 5%, the tailing of hair plates total amount 1/3 left and right.If abandoned as waste material, must pay economic cost and transport, stack the improper environmental protection of also hindering.Each procedure of processing of stone factory (saw, grind, cut), all produces some barren rock slurries, if discharge carelessly, quite contaminate environment.
Therefore, reduce the loss of lithotome in exploitation and the course of processing, except active adoption new technology, novel process, new installation improve operator's state of the art and quality, most important is exactly the further comprehensive utilization of exploitation lithotome, turn waste into wealth, turn bane into boon.On the other hand, in chemical industry, oil, electric power, metallurgy industry, some important equipments and key part are often faced with high temperature, difference variation rapidly, and high corrosion, high wearing and tearing, medium is met water and is burst a series of extremely harsh Working environments such as thump.And the product such as the marble, cast stone, cast iron, manganese steel of application, due to the various birth defects of self material, makes it all be difficult in actual applications adapt to above-mentioned Working environment in the market.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to fully utilize solid waste and provides that intensity is high, wear-resistant, anticorrosive, the production method to the complex phase polycrystalline engineering materials of the "dead" harm of human body.
Technical solution of the present invention has two kinds:
The first is: calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, flux finings and water are mixed to rear input melting furnaces, after homogenizing, clarification, form high-temperature fusant, again high-temperature fusant is made to basic amorphous plate through calendering or cast, basic amorphous plate is processed and formed complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat through crystallization; Described calcium base waste material is Wingdale waste material or marble wastes or calcite waste material; Described auxiliary material is at least four kinds of materials in quartz sand or silica or soda ash or aluminum oxide or zinc oxide or barium carbonate or salt of wormwood or magnesium oxide or fluorite or SODIUMNITRATE; The described finings of fluxing is CeO
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3or Na
2sO
4in at least any one.
The second is: calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, flux finings and water are mixed to rear input melting furnaces, after homogenizing, clarification, form high-temperature fusant, again high-temperature fusant is made to non-crystalline state pellet through shrend, non-crystalline state pellet is changed into complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat through sinter; Described calcium base waste material is Wingdale waste material or marble wastes or calcite waste material; Described auxiliary material is at least four kinds of materials in quartz sand or silica or soda ash or aluminum oxide or zinc oxide or barium carbonate or salt of wormwood or magnesium oxide or fluorite or SODIUMNITRATE; The described finings of fluxing is CeO
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3or Na
2sO
4in at least any one.
The above two kinds of methods of the present invention all be take the high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate that calcium base waste material is raw material production high added value, after complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat is come out of the stove, adopt above method can make the building decorative plates of different colours and specification, there is unique high temperature abrasion resistance, the impact of powerful high temperature resistance, resistance to strong corrosion, the anti-performances such as impact that burst, be made into water slag groove liner, abrasion-proof pipe goods, distributor chute and various abrasion-proof backing block, can be widely used in the industries such as coal, iron and steel, ore dressing, electric power.The product of making is carried out to surely thick, corase grind, fine polishing, and cutting, chamfered edge, obtain the finished product of different specification size and glossiness.
Compare with existing common micro-crystal plate, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, high strength, wear-resistant, excellent physical and mechanical property and chemical stability:
The physical and mechanical property of complex phase polycrystalline project plate of the present invention is excellent, density 2.5-2.8g/cm
3, Mohs' hardness 6-8, folding strength 30.0-103.5MPa, ultimate compression strength 70.0-903.0MPa, wear resistance 0.063-0.15g/cm
2.
2, in weave construction, grain-size is little, crystalline content is high:
The weave construction of calcium base waste material complex phase polycrystalline engineering materials of the present invention is comprised of glassy phase and crystalline phase, wherein crystalline phase is by cuspidite, gehlenite, wollastonite, fluorine alkali wollastonite, calcio-akermanite, alkali wollastonite, forsterite, diopside, mullite, white garnet, one or more crystal compositions in quartz, there is fabulous high-strength wearable, simultaneously by adjusting crystalline content (crystallization rate) and the grain-size in processing parameter regulation and control complex phase polycrystalline material, also make the trace element in calcium base waste material regulate and control crystallization rate simultaneously, grain-size and complex phase polycrystalline material physical and mechanical property and chemical stability aspect play crucial effect.
3, high-valued comprehensive utilization calcium base waste material:
Not only the production cost of complex phase polycrystalline material can be reduced, the pollution of solid waste to environment can also be alleviated.
The base of calcium described in the present invention waste material accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, 10.0~25.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass, auxiliary material accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, the 65.0-73.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass, and the finings of fluxing accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, 2.0~10.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass.
CeO in finings fluxes described in the present invention
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3and Na
2sO
4mass ratio be 0~5 ︰ 0~28 ︰ 0~6 ︰ 0~10 ︰ 0~11 ︰ 0~4 ︰ 1~5 ︰ 0~7 ︰ 0~13.
In the base of calcium described in the present invention waste material, CaO accounts for 45.0~55% of calcium base waste material total mass, SiO
2account for 0.01~1.5% of calcium base waste material total mass, Al
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, MgO accounts for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, Fe
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass.
Described in the present invention, in auxiliary material, the mass ratio of quartz sand, silica, soda ash, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, salt of wormwood, magnesium oxide, fluorite and SODIUMNITRATE is 40~98 ︰ 8~35 ︰ 0~5 ︰ 0~4 ︰ 0~5 ︰ 5~17 ︰ 0~7 ︰ 7~14 ︰ 0~17.
In addition, the particle diameter of calcium base waste material of the present invention and auxiliary material is less than 2mm.
The temperature of described melting furnaces is 1400~1560 ℃ (preferably 1420~1520 ℃), and the fusing time in melting furnaces is preferably 2.0~8.0h of 1.0~10.0h().
Can be that the high-temperature fusant of 1100~1200 ℃ is by rolling and make non-crystalline state sole plate roll calendar by temperature.
Also non-crystalline state sole plate further can be broken into non-crystalline state shivering material.
The high-temperature fusant that can be by temperature also 1250~1350 ℃ is poured into the die for molding through preheating, obtains amorphous sole plate.
Can be by temperature also the high-temperature fusant of 1300~1350 ℃ through shrend, make the non-crystalline state basis pellet of different-grain diameter, after dry, classification, mould to be installed is used.
The method of crystallization has two kinds:
The one: by non-crystalline state sole plate through 400~650 ℃ of annealing 2.0~8.0h, and then in 650~950 ℃ of crystallization 1.0~9.0h, finally again in 25~600 ℃ of annealing 2.0~8.0h.
The 2nd: by after non-crystalline state basis pellet dress mould in shuttle kiln, speed with 5~20 ℃/min is warming up to 1050~1180 ℃, insulation 0~2.5h shakeouts surface, then with the speed of 3~15 ℃/min, be down to 600~950 ℃, insulation 1.0~4.0h crystallization is processed, finally with the speed of 2~10 ℃/min, be cooled to 200~700 ℃ again, insulation 1.0~8.0h annealing, makes complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat.
Embodiment
With embodiment, specifically describe the present invention below, the present invention is not subject to the restriction of embodiment.
In following examples: in calcium base waste material, CaO accounts for 45.0~55% of calcium base waste material total mass, SiO
2account for 0.01~1.5% of calcium base waste material total mass, Al
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, MgO accounts for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, Fe
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass.
Embodiment 1:
Calcium base waste material and various mineral auxiliary material are pulverized, then crossed 40 mesh sieves, weigh 10.0~25.0 kilograms of calcium base waste materials, 50.0~67.0 kilograms of quartz sand or ground silica (SiO
2), 8.0~14.0 kilograms of soda ash (Na
2cO
3), 0.0-4.0 kg of alumina (Al
2o
3), 0~3.0 kilogram of zinc oxide (ZnO), 9.0~16.0 kg of potassium carbonate (K
2cO
3), 9.0~15.0 kilograms of fluorite (CaF
2), 3.0~5.0 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3), 1.0~3.0 kilograms of ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3).Calcium base waste material, auxiliary material and the finings of fluxing are fully mixed, and in mixing process, add the water of starting material gross weight 4.0%, stir 10min and mix, basis of formation admixtion.
Basic admixtion is sent in melting furnaces through conveying belt or unit batch can, and temperature of fusion is controlled at 1460~1490 ℃ of fusing 2.0~6.0h, through homogenizing, clarification, makes qualified high-temperature fusant.The high-temperature fusant of clarification enters melting furnaces operate portions through dog-hole, and temperature is down to 1120~1180 ℃, and high-temperature fusant is by being pressed into basic amorphous plate to roll calendar (calendering formation speed 12.0~25.0m/h).
The basic amorphous plate being shaped enters roller kiln, first enter basic amorphous plate plate annealing warm area, basic amorphous plate plate annealing 2.0~3.0h in 450~650 ℃ of warm areas, then enter 650~850 ℃ of warm areas, crystallization 5.0~7.0h, finally enter 600~25 ℃ of warm areas, complex phase polycrystalline project plate annealing 4.0~6.0h.
After high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat is come out of the stove, it is carried out to surely thick, corase grind, fine polishing, cutting, chamfered edge, obtain the finished product of different specification size and glossiness.
Embodiment 2
Calcium base waste material and various mineral auxiliary material are pulverized, then crossed 40 mesh sieves, weigh 10.0~25.0 kilograms of calcium base waste materials, 50.0~67.0 kilograms of quartz sand or ground silica (SiO
2), 8.0~14.0 kilograms of soda ash (Na
2cO
3), 0.0-4.0 kg of alumina (Al
2o
3), 0~3.0 kilogram of zinc oxide (ZnO), 9.0~16.0 kg of potassium carbonate (K
2cO
3), 9.0~15.0 kilograms of fluorite (CaF
2), 3.0~5.0 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3), 1.0~3.0 kilograms of ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3).Calcium base waste material, auxiliary material and the finings of fluxing are fully mixed, add the water of starting material gross weight 3.0~4.0%, stir 10~15min and mix, basis of formation admixtion.
Basic admixtion is sent in melting furnaces through conveying belt or unit batch can, and temperature of fusion is controlled at 1470~1530 ℃ of fusing 2.0~6.0h, through homogenizing, clarification, makes qualified high-temperature fusant.The high-temperature fusant of clarification enters melting furnaces operate portions through dog-hole, and temperature is down to 1250-1300 ℃, and high-temperature fusant is poured into the die for molding through preheating, obtains basic non-crystal block.
The non-crystal block in basis of castable is sent in shuttle kiln or tunnel furnace or roller kiln, speed with 5 ℃/min in shuttle kiln is warming up to 650~950 ℃ of insulation 6.0h crystallization, then the speed with 3 ℃/min is cooled to 200~700 ℃ of insulation 6.0h annealing, eliminate the various stress that complex phase polycrystalline project plate produces in heat treatment process, furnace cooling.
After high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat is come out of the stove, it is carried out to surely thick, corase grind, fine polishing, cutting, chamfered edge, obtain the finished product of different specification size and glossiness.
Embodiment 3
Calcium base waste material and various mineral auxiliary material are pulverized, then crossed 40 mesh sieves, weigh 10.0~25.0 kilograms of calcium base waste materials, 50.0~67.0 kilograms of quartz sand or ground silica (SiO
2), 8.0~14.0 kilograms of soda ash (Na
2cO
3), 0.0~4.0 kg of alumina (Al
2o
3), 0~3.0 kilogram of zinc oxide (ZnO), 9.0~16.0 kg of potassium carbonate (K
2cO
3), 9.0~15.0 kilograms of fluorite (CaF
2), 3.0~5.0 kilograms of SODIUMNITRATE (NaNO
3), 1.0~3.0 kilograms of ammonium nitrate (NH
4nO
3).Calcium base waste material, auxiliary material and the finings of fluxing are fully mixed, add the water of starting material gross weight 3.0~4.0%, stir 10~15min and mix, basis of formation admixtion.
Basic admixtion is sent in melting furnaces through conveying belt or unit batch can, and temperature of fusion is controlled at 1470~1530 ℃ of fusing 2.0~6.0h, through homogenizing, clarification, makes qualified high-temperature fusant.The high-temperature fusant of clarification enters melting furnaces operate portions through dog-hole, temperature is down to 1320~1350 ℃ (to guarantee the epigranular of shrend amorphous particle), through rising as high as the banks, stream material mouth or hole shape stream material mouthful enter in circulating water channel, shrend becomes the basic amorphous pellet of different-grain diameter, and after dry, classification, mould to be installed is used.
The basic amorphous pellet that shrend becomes is sent into shuttle kiln after filling mould according to different granularity layerings, or the different broken non-crystal block material of the size that is broken into of basic amorphous plate is sent into shuttle kiln after according to different size layering dress moulds, with the speed of 5~20 ℃/min, be warming up to 1130~1190 ℃ of insulation 0.5~1.5h and shakeout surface, then with the speed of 5 ℃/min, being down to 600~970 ℃ of insulation 1.0~4.0h crystallization processes, finally with the speed cooling of 3 ℃/min, at 200~700 ℃ of insulation 7.0h, anneal again, make big-pattern type or little decorative pattern type complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat.
After high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat is come out of the stove, it is carried out to surely thick, corase grind, fine polishing, cutting, chamfered edge, obtain the finished product of different specification size and glossiness.
Claims (10)
1. the production method of a high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate, it is characterized in that calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, flux finings and water to mix rear input melting furnaces, after homogenizing, clarification, form high-temperature fusant, again high-temperature fusant is made to basic amorphous plate through calendering or cast, basic amorphous plate is processed and formed complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat through crystallization; Described calcium base waste material is Wingdale waste material or marble wastes or calcite waste material; Described auxiliary material is at least four kinds of materials in quartz sand or silica or soda ash or aluminum oxide or zinc oxide or barium carbonate or salt of wormwood or magnesium oxide or fluorite or SODIUMNITRATE; The described finings of fluxing is CeO
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3or Na
2sO
4in at least any one.
2. the production method of a high-strength wearable complex phase polycrystalline project plate, it is characterized in that calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, flux finings and water to mix rear input melting furnaces, after homogenizing, clarification, form high-temperature fusant, again high-temperature fusant is made to non-crystalline state pellet through shrend, non-crystalline state pellet is changed into complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat through sinter; Described calcium base waste material is Wingdale waste material or marble wastes or calcite waste material; Described auxiliary material is at least four kinds of materials in quartz sand or silica or soda ash or aluminum oxide or zinc oxide or barium carbonate or salt of wormwood or magnesium oxide or fluorite or SODIUMNITRATE; The described finings of fluxing is CeO
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3or Na
2sO
4in at least any one.
3. according to production method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described calcium base waste material accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, 10.0~25.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass, auxiliary material accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, the 65.0-73.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass, and the finings of fluxing accounts for calcium base waste material, auxiliary material, 2.0~10.0wt% of flux finings and water total mass.
4. production method according to claim 3, CeO in the finings of fluxing described in it is characterized in that
2, Na
2o, Al
2o
3, SiO
2, CaO, Li
2o, NH
4nO
3, NaNO
3and Na
2sO
4mass ratio be 0~5 ︰ 0~28 ︰ 0~6 ︰ 0~10 ︰ 0~11 ︰ 0~4 ︰ 1~5 ︰ 0~7 ︰ 0~13.
5. production method according to claim 3, is characterized in that in described calcium base waste material, CaO accounts for 45.0~55% of calcium base waste material total mass, SiO
2account for 0.01~1.5% of calcium base waste material total mass, Al
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, MgO accounts for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass, Fe
2o
3account for 0.01~2.0% of calcium base waste material total mass.
6. production method according to claim 3, the mass ratio that it is characterized in that quartz sand, silica, soda ash, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, salt of wormwood, magnesium oxide, fluorite and SODIUMNITRATE in described auxiliary material is 40~98 ︰ 8~35 ︰ 0~5 ︰ 0~4 ︰ 0~5 ︰ 5~17 ︰ 0~7 ︰ 7~14 ︰ 0~17.
7. according to production method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the particle diameter of described calcium base waste material and auxiliary material is less than 2mm.
8. according to production method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the temperature of described melting furnaces is 1400~1560 ℃, the fusing time in melting furnaces is 1.0-10.0h.
9. production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that by temperature be 1100~1200 ℃ high-temperature fusant by roll calendar calendering make non-crystalline state sole plate; Again non-crystalline state sole plate is broken into non-crystalline state shivering material; Or the high-temperature fusant that is 1250~1350 ℃ by temperature is poured into the die for molding through preheating, obtain amorphous sole plate; Again by non-crystalline state sole plate through 400~650 ℃ of annealing 2.0~8.0h, and then in 650~950 ℃ of crystallization 1.0~9.0h, finally again in 25~600 ℃ of annealing 2.0~8.0h.
10. production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that by temperature be the high-temperature fusant of 1300~1350 ℃ through shrend, make the non-crystalline state basis pellet of different-grain diameter, after dry, classification, mould to be installed is used; By after non-crystalline state basis pellet dress mould in shuttle kiln, speed with 5~20 ℃/min is warming up to 1050~1180 ℃, insulation 0~2.5h shakeouts surface, then with the speed of 3~15 ℃/min, be down to 600~950 ℃, insulation 1.0~4.0h crystallization is processed, finally with the speed of 2~10 ℃/min, be cooled to 200~700 ℃ again, insulation 1.0~8.0h annealing, makes complex phase polycrystalline project plate blank flat.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105731805A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 南通大明玉新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing microcrystalline material from quartz sand waste residues |
CN106747206A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method of modified marble powder low-temperature sintering artificial stone |
CN115893846A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Production method of photovoltaic silicon slag microcrystalline thin plate |
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CN102942303A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | High-strength wear-resistant engineering microcrystalline glass prepared by using granite waste materials and preparation method thereof |
CN103539357A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Silicon-slag microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
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2014
- 2014-03-31 CN CN201410122580.1A patent/CN103936285B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
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CN102942303A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | High-strength wear-resistant engineering microcrystalline glass prepared by using granite waste materials and preparation method thereof |
CN103539357A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2014-01-29 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Silicon-slag microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105731805A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 南通大明玉新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing microcrystalline material from quartz sand waste residues |
WO2017133289A1 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-10 | 南通大明玉新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing microcrystalline material by using quartz sand waste residue |
CN106747206A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method of modified marble powder low-temperature sintering artificial stone |
CN106747206B (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-01-04 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of preparation method of modified marble powder low-temperature sintering artificial stone |
CN115893846A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-04 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Production method of photovoltaic silicon slag microcrystalline thin plate |
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