CN103934645B - A kind of preparation method of the anti-vibration bar bar in anti-vibration bar assembly - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the anti-vibration bar bar in anti-vibration bar assembly Download PDFInfo
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of the anti-vibration bar assembly of nuclear power generating sets steam generator, described anti-vibration bar assembly includes: the anti-vibration bar of V-shape structure and be respectively arranged on two end caps at anti-vibration bar two ends, anti-vibration bar selects 405 stainless steel materials, and end cap selects 690 nickel-bass alloy materials；The preparation method of described anti-vibration bar assembly, including: the preparation of anti-vibration bar, end cap preparation, bend molding, end cap assembling, upsetting pressure, inspection, cleaning and packaging process.The preparation method of anti-vibration bar bar, includes successively: the steps such as induction furnace smelting, forging, hot rolling, the first heat treatment, cold-drawn, the second heat treatment.The anti-vibration bar assembly of AP1000 unit steam generator of the present invention, simple in construction, product quality meets the steam generator rigorous to anti-vibration bar in nuclear power station, safer during use.The preparation method of this anti-vibration bar, through strict preparation section, it is ensured that technological requirement to the anti-vibration bar assembly of steam generator in nuclear power station, it is ensured that quality, improves safety.
Description
The application is divisional application, the application number of original application: 201210297066.2, the applying date: 2012-8-20, invention and created name " the anti-vibration bar assembly of AP1000 nuclear power generating sets steam generator ".
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to anti-vibration bar bar in the anti-vibration bar assembly of a kind of AP1000 nuclear power generating sets steam generator.
Background technology
U-shaped heat transfer tube in nuclear power station is that in primary Ioops system pressure border, most critical is also the weakest link.Once tube vibration destroys, must changing steam generator, this certainly will cause the huge waste of manpower, financial resources and event, too increases maintainer's danger by radioactivity irradiation.Therefore, solve steam generator to break and run affairs therefore be related to the safety of nuclear power station and make nuclear power station have the key issue of competitiveness and vitality.
To eliminate the root that vibration produces as far as possible, it is generally required to the elbow of U-shaped heat-transfer pipe installs anti-vibration bar additional in a vapor generator, how the anti-vibration bar assembly that a kind of resistance to shock is good and preparation method convenient and simple, that precision is high are provided, is the technical barrier of this area.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the anti-vibration bar assembly of the good AP1000 nuclear power generating sets steam generator of a kind of resistance to shock.
The anti-vibration bar assembly of the AP1000 unit steam generator of the present invention, comprising: the anti-vibration bar of V-shape structure and respectively fixed cover are located at two end caps at anti-vibration bar two ends.
Described anti-vibration bar selects 405 stainless steel materials；Described end cap selects 690 nickel-bass alloy materials, and the U-shaped heat transfer tube in unit steam generator is also nickel-bass alloy material, and the two material is identical, it is possible to conveniently U-shaped heat transfer tube and described end cap are welded and fixed.690 nickel-bass alloy materials have the feature that corrosion resistance is strong simultaneously.
Described end cap upsetting pressure is fixed in described anti-vibration bar, it is prevented that end cap occurs pulling in anti-vibration bar assembly with the assembling of described U-tube, welding process.When being embodied as, the central authorities of described end cap and in anti-vibration bar the part at contiguous end cap two ends flatten.
The preparation method of a kind of described anti-vibration bar assembly, in turn includes the following steps:
A, anti-vibration bar bar is bent the operation of molding: anti-vibration bar bar size overall length on request being added 50mm allowance and cuts off, set angle bends anti-vibration bar, and the anti-vibration bar after bending is placed on surface grinding machine, and bent angle buildup area is carried out reconditioning；
The operation of B, end cap assembling: end cap ethanol is dabbed and washes end cap surface and line cutting endoporus, with ethanol, stainless steel bars is carried out simultaneously, after cleaning up, deburring, bite mark, protrusion metal or wedge angle；Again the end of stainless steel bar is inserted in the endoporus of cap end.
C, upsetting pressure operation: (1) pulling-out force procedure qualification: the end cap after having assembled and having carried out upsetting pressure being carried out pulling-out force evaluation, makes cap bag under lowest pull, position is not moved；End pulling-out force at various pressures makes a record, and chooses most suitable pressure, as the pressure process parameter in upsetting pressure operation；(2) upsetting pressure: cap end is put in upsetting pressure mould, carries out upsetting pressure respectively with hydraulic press to the position at the contiguous end cap two ends in the middle position of end cap and anti-vibration bar, and pressure keeps pressure off-load after 10 seconds behind location.Upsetting pressure position in anti-vibration bar has everywhere, and contiguous each two places, end cap end, for carrying out spacing to cap end, it is prevented that end cap is subjected to displacement in anti-vibration bar.
The preparation method of described anti-vibration bar bar, in turn includes the following steps:
A, induction furnace are smelted: place nickel plate, pure iron, crome metal when alloy material is smelted bottom induction furnace, and load in mixture closely knit, after fusing 70%, add total charged material weight 2% slag charge make steel, recording after molten steel temperature reaches tapping temperature falls down molten steel in ladle, pours into steel ingot bar, be effectively improved the degree of purity of steel alloy, structural homogenity after calm 1-2 minute, improve the surface of steel ingot, inherent quality, improve the performance of steel alloy.
Anti-vibration bar alloy material requires pure；Chemical composition is accurately, uniformly；And have the structural state specified.Induction furnace is adopted to have a series of unarguable advantage.Owing to it does not have polluter existing in other equipment, it is ensured that obtain the metal material that carbon and other impurity is the purest；Owing to there is electric power stirring metal bath thus ensureing the uniformity of alloy；Ensure to obtain exactly and temperature required for keeping metal and make temperature be uniformly distributed along whole bath temperature；Eliminate hot-spot；Owing to its thawing speed is fast, iron loss is few, thus being obtain regulation alloying component accurately, minimum melting loss of elements creates favorable conditions；When changing the refining chemical composition metal different from forehearth, it has significantly high mobility.
B, forging: the alloy material steel ingot after being smelted by induction furnace is forged into after 1150-1220 DEG C of heating and insulation the steel billet of 50*50mm size；By delivering to lower step hot rolling blank operation after surface finish reconditioning.
Forging is that one utilizes metal forming machinery that metal stock is applied pressure, it is made to produce the processing method that plastic deformation has certain mechanical performance, definite shape and size forging with acquisition, the as cast condition that metal produces in smelting process can be eliminated the defect such as loosen by forging, optimize heterogeneous microstructure, simultaneously because save complete metal streamline, the mechanical performance of forging generally to be preferred over the foundry goods of same material.The strength member that in associated mechanical, load is high, working condition is severe, except the sheet material of the better simply available rolling of shape, section bar or weldment, adopts forging more.In general forge the first step being belonging to materials processing and be called " cogging "
C, hot rolling: by anti-vibration bar alloy material 50 × 50mm blank, be placed at 1050-1100 DEG C of temperature heat, insulation after carry out hot rolling, be rolled into the bar of ф 16mm.
Anti-vibration bar alloy material becomes, by hammer cogging, the steel of various geometric cross section shapes that blank is rolled into by the mode of 50 × 50mm blank heating.Different according to sectional shape shape, it is divided into simple section, compound section or three kinds of shaped steel such as special-shaped section and die rolled section.
(1) hot rolling can significantly reduce energy consumption, reduces cost.During hot rolling, plastic deformation is high, and resistance of deformation is low, greatly reduces the energy expenditure of flow of metal.
(2) hot rolling can improve the process industrial art performance of metal and alloy, broken by the coarse grain of as-cast condition, and notable crack healing reduces or eliminates casting flaw, as-cast structure being changed into the Deformation structure of refinement, puies forward heavy alloyed processing characteristics.
(3) the anti-vibration bar alloy material big ingot casting of hot rolling by adopting, heavy reduction rolling, not only increases production efficiency, and creates condition for improving mill speed, the serialization realizing the operation of rolling and automatization.
(4) hot-rolled process actually belongs to immediate processing steps is the essential step forming finished product blank.
D, the first heat treatment (annealing heat treatment): the surface quality for ensureing anti-vibration bar alloy material carries out vacuum annealing process after the bar after hot rolling is carried out surface finish, reconditioning again, and φ 16 anti-vibration bar alloy material bar is heated at temperature 800 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, is incubated.
Annealing heat treatment is divided into full annealing, partial annealing and stress relief annealing.The mechanical property of annealed material can detect with tension test, it is also possible to detects by hardness test.Intermediate heat-treatment is again heat treatment in advance, is for eliminating the defect of upper one procedure or the heat treatment making operation below be processed well and arranging.It is that metal is heated slowly to uniform temperature, keeps enough time, then with a kind of metal heating processing technology of Reasonable Speed cooling.
The purpose of annealing
1. improve or eliminate various tissue defects and residual stress that iron and steel causes in casting, forging and stamping, rolling and welding process, it is prevented that workpiece deformation, cracking.
2. softening workpiece is to carry out machining.
3. crystal grain thinning, improves the tissue mechanical performance to improve workpiece.
4. perform tissue for finished heat treatment (quenching, tempering) to prepare.
E, cold-drawn: first carry out soft annealing process, be incubated 40 minutes at 720-750 DEG C of temperature；By deformation requirements glomerocryst mould successively drawing, and crizzle place being carried out reconditioning, reconditioning can carry out the drawing of lower road to zero defect.
Cold-drawn be by hot rolling after the anti-vibration bar softened annealing of alloy bar after reprocess at cold state, to obtain the production method of all kinds of precision, high-precision product or intermediate products.
F, the second heat treatment: anti-vibration bar alloy bar is pulled to finished-product material and is laid in bell-jar heat-treatment furnace, carry out heat treatment under hydrogen shield state, and during annealing insulation, temperature is 788-815 DEG C, is incubated more than 3 hours；Then with less than 28 DEG C/h of rate of cooling slow cooling to less than 610 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature.
Metal heat treatmet is one of important process in machine-building, compared with other processing technique, heat treatment does not generally change the shape of workpiece and overall chemical composition, but by changing the microscopic structure of inside workpiece, or the chemical composition of change surface of the work, give or improve the serviceability of workpiece.It is characterized in improving the inherent quality of workpiece, and this is generally not what naked eyes can be seen.
For making metal works have required mechanical property, physical property and chemical property, except reasonable selection material and various forming technology, Technology for Heating Processing is requisite often.Iron and steel is material most widely used in mechanical industry, and microstructure of iron and steel is complicated, it is possible to controlled by heat treatment, so the heat treatment of iron and steel is the main contents of metal heat treatmet.It addition, aluminum, copper, magnesium, titanium etc. and alloy thereof also change its mechanics, process based prediction model such as through heat treatment, to obtain different serviceabilities.
G, finished product are processed: the bar after processing is aligned, polished.
The rectification that the shape defect of Metal Forming product is carried out; it it is one of important finishing procedure; cold-drawn material often produces various shapes defect in production process or cooling afterwards and transportation; the such as bending of section bar tubing, wave, wooden dipper song etc.; the defects such as bending can be made to be eliminated under external force by various equipment for straightening, make product reach qualified perfect condition.
(1) corase grind: the polishing of product is except making smooth surface smooth, it is often more important that should reduce superficial lesions as far as possible.Every one branner's sequence must be driven off the deformation layer (deformation layer that front one procedure produces at least should be made to reduce the deformation layer degree of depth produced to this procedure) that front one procedure causes, rather than only the polishing scratch of front one procedure is removed；Meanwhile, this procedure itself should be accomplished to reduce damage as far as possible, in order to carries out next process.The deformation layer degree of depth that last one branner's sequence produces should be very shallow, it is ensured that can remove in lower one polishing process.This process is it is noted that prevent metal from too generating heat.
(2) fine grinding: the deeper polishing scratch that the purpose of fine grinding stays when being and eliminate corase grind, lays a solid foundation for next step polishing.Fine grinding usually carries out on sand paper, and sand paper divides waterproof abrasive paper and abrasive paper for metallograph.Usual waterproof abrasive paper is that SiC abrasive material is water insoluble, the abrasive material of abrasive paper for metallograph has Alundum, carborundum, ferrum oxide etc., property is all extremely hard, in many arris, having good cutting ability, during fine grinding, available water carries out manual wet grinding or machinery wet grinding as lubricant, it is common to use granularity is 240,320,400,600 4 kind of waterproof abrasive paper can be polished after polishing, for softer metal, apply re-polishing after thinner abrasive paper for metallograph polishes.Sand paper is downward-sloping (from operator direction) outwardly, it is pasted onto when plate glass grinds, by after flat for sample flour milling on sand paper, straight line a push-back forward leaves sand paper when returning, this be repeatedly performed, until old polishing scratch all disappears, whole flour milling obtains unanimously uniform new polishing scratch limit, direction only, before often changing one sand paper, it is necessary to first wash sample and sand grains on hand with water, and dry, then sample half-twist is ground on secondary sand paper.During use, the water of flowing ceaselessly flows through from coated abrasive surface, in time overwhelming majority abrasive dust and the abrasive particle come off is washed away.So in whole polishing operation process, the sharp corners of abrasive particle contacts with the surface of sample all the time, keeps the ablation that it is good.Another advantage is that of wet grinding, the frictional heat that the cooling effect of water produces at specimen surface when can reduce polishing, it is to avoid microscopic structure changes.Whole polishing operation can complete on same equipment.
The preparation method of described end cap, in turn includes the following steps: induction furnace smelting, forging, hot rolling, heat treatment, end cap Vehicle Processing；(requiring supplementation with the effect of each operation, purpose or technique effect)
Described induction furnace is smelted: place nickel plate, pure iron, crome metal when alloy material is smelted bottom induction furnace, and load in mixture closely knit, after fusing 70%, add total charged material weight 2% slag charge make steel, recording after molten steel temperature reaches tapping temperature falls down molten steel in ladle, pours into steel ingot after calm 1-2 minute.
Anti-vibration bar alloy material requires pure；Chemical composition is accurately, uniformly；And have the structural state specified.Induction furnace is adopted to have a series of unarguable advantage.Owing to it does not have polluter existing in other equipment, it is ensured that obtain the metal material that carbon and other impurity is the purest；Owing to there is electric power stirring metal bath thus ensureing the uniformity of alloy；Ensure to obtain exactly and temperature required for keeping metal and make temperature be uniformly distributed along whole bath temperature；Eliminate hot-spot；Owing to its thawing speed is fast, iron loss is few, thus being obtain regulation alloying component accurately, minimum melting loss of elements creates favorable conditions；When changing the refining chemical composition metal different from forehearth, it has significantly high mobility.
Described forging: the steel ingot of the anti-vibration bar alloy material after being smelted by induction furnace is forged into after 1150-1220 DEG C of heating and insulation the steel billet of 50*50mm size；By delivering to lower step hot rolling blank operation after surface finish reconditioning.
Forging is that one utilizes metal forming machinery that metal stock is applied pressure, it is made to produce the processing method that plastic deformation has certain mechanical performance, definite shape and size forging with acquisition, the as cast condition that metal produces in smelting process can be eliminated the defect such as loosen by forging, optimize heterogeneous microstructure, simultaneously because save complete metal streamline, the mechanical performance of forging generally to be preferred over the foundry goods of same material.The strength member that in associated mechanical, load is high, working condition is severe, except the sheet material of the better simply available rolling of shape, section bar or weldment, adopts forging more.In general forge the first step being belonging to materials processing and be called " cogging "
Described hot rolling: by anti-vibration bar alloy material 50 × 50mm blank, be placed at 1200 ± 10 DEG C of temperature heat, insulation after carry out hot rolling, be rolled into the bar of ф 13 × 25mm.
Anti-vibration bar alloy material becomes, by hammer cogging, the steel of various geometric cross section shapes that blank is rolled into by the mode of 50 × 50mm blank heating.Different according to sectional shape shape, it is divided into simple section, compound section or three kinds of shaped steel such as special-shaped section and die rolled section.
(1) hot rolling can significantly reduce energy consumption, reduces cost.During hot rolling, plastic deformation is high, and resistance of deformation is low, greatly reduces the energy expenditure of flow of metal.
(2) hot rolling can improve the process industrial art performance of metal and alloy, broken by the coarse grain of as-cast condition, and notable crack healing reduces or eliminates casting flaw, as-cast structure being changed into the Deformation structure of refinement, puies forward heavy alloyed processing characteristics.
(3) the anti-vibration bar alloy material big ingot casting of hot rolling by adopting, heavy reduction rolling, not only increases production efficiency, and creates condition for improving mill speed, the serialization realizing the operation of rolling and automatization.
(4) hot-rolled process actually belongs to immediate processing steps is the essential step forming finished product blank.
Described heat treated priority includes: (1) solution treatment: the end cap material 13*25mm material after hot rolling is laid in solution treatment in bell hydrogen resistance furnace gas shielded stove；(2) Ageing Treatment: the bar after solution treatment is also placed in hydrogen shield stove and carries out Ageing Treatment.
Solution treatment is equal to obtain uniform supersaturated solid solution in order to dissolve carbide in matrix, γ ', the hardening constituent such as carbide and γ ' that when being easy to timeliness, precipitate particle is tiny again, be evenly distributed, eliminate the stress owing to cold and hot working produces simultaneously, make alloy generation recrystallization.Secondly, solution treatment is to obtain suitable grain size, to ensure alloy high-temp creep-resistant property.The temperature range of solution treatment is approximately between 980 ~ 1250 DEG C, mainly selects with dissolution law and instructions for use according to precipitating out mutually in each alloy, to ensure the precipitation condition of main hardening constituent necessity and certain grain size.For the alloy that long term high temperature uses, it is desirable to have good high-temperature and durable and croop property, higher solid solubility temperature should be selected to obtain bigger grain size；Middle temperature is used and requires the alloy of good room temperature hardness, yield strength, hot strength, impact flexibility and fatigue strength, relatively low solid solubility temperature can be adopted, it is ensured that less grain size.During higher temperature solid solution, various precipitated phases all progressively dissolve, simultaneously grain growth；During low temperature solution treatment, do not only have the dissolving of main hardening constituent, and it would furthermore be possible to there is the precipitation of some phase.For the alloy that degree of supersaturation is low, it is generally selected rate of cooling faster；For the alloy that degree of supersaturation is high, it is generally in air and cools down.
Ageing Treatment: refer to that alloy workpiece is through solution treatment, cold plastic deformation or casting, after forging, keeps its performance, shape, the Technology for Heating Processing of size time to time change in higher temperature placement or room temperature.According to by workpiece heat to higher temperature, and the short period carries out the aging treatment process of Ageing Treatment, is called that artificial aging processes, if aging phenomenon workpiece being placed on long storage time under room temperature or natural conditions and occurring, is called natural aging treatment.The third mode be oscillating aging from the eighties from the beginning of stepping into the practical stage, vibration stress relief treatment then when do not heat also unlike natrual ageing time-consuming, its internal stress is made to be released with the vibration applying certain frequency to work, thus reaching the purpose of timeliness.The purpose of Ageing Treatment, eliminates the internal stress of workpiece, stabilizing tissue and size, improves mechanical performance etc..
In machinery production, for stable casting dimension, often foundry goods is at room temperature placed for a long time, just then carry out machining.This measure is also referred to as timeliness.But this timeliness is not belonging to metal heating processing technology.
Described end cap Vehicle Processing: the 13*25mm material after Ageing Treatment is machined, is processed into the end cap of required size.
The technique effect of the present invention: the anti-vibration bar assembly of AP1000 unit steam generator of the present invention, simple in construction, product quality meets the steam generator rigorous to anti-vibration bar in nuclear power station, safer during use.The preparation method of this anti-vibration bar, through strict preparation section, it is ensured that technological requirement to the anti-vibration bar assembly of steam generator in nuclear power station, it is ensured that quality, improves safety.Described end cap upsetting pressure is fixed in described anti-vibration bar, it is prevented that end cap occurs pulling in anti-vibration bar assembly with the assembling of described U-tube, welding process.When being embodied as, the central authorities of described end cap and in anti-vibration bar the part at contiguous end cap two ends flatten.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the anti-vibration bar assembly of AP1000 unit steam generator of the present invention, accompanying drawing labelling: 1--anti-vibration bar, 2--end cap.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Such as Fig. 1, the anti-vibration bar assembly of the AP1000 unit steam generator of the present embodiment, comprising: the anti-vibration bar 1 of V-shape structure and respectively fixed cover are located at two end caps 2 at anti-vibration bar two ends.
Described anti-vibration bar 1 selects 405 stainless steel materials (SA-479TYPE405)；Described end cap 2 selects 690 nickel-bass alloy materials (SB-166UNSN06690).
Being crushed everywhere of contiguous end cap two ends in the central authorities of described end cap 2 and anti-vibration bar 1.Two flattenings place being in end cap end in anti-vibration bar 1 are symmetrical.
The preparation method of above-mentioned anti-vibration bar assembly, including: the preparation of anti-vibration bar bar, the preparation of end cap, anti-vibration bar bar bend the operations such as molding, end cap assembling, upsetting pressure, inspection, cleaning and packaging.
Described anti-vibration bar bar bends molding: anti-vibration bar bar size overall length on request being added 50mm allowance and cuts off, set angle bends anti-vibration bar, and the anti-vibration bar after bending is placed on surface grinding machine, bent angle buildup area carries out reconditioning to drawing requirement.
Described end cap assembling: end cap ethanol is dabbed the endoporus washing end cap surface and line excision forming, with ethanol, stainless steel bars is carried out simultaneously, after cleaning up, deburring, bite mark, protrusion metal or wedge angle；Stainless steel bar inserts cap end again, and alignment angle is assembled.
Described upsetting pressure includes: (1) pulling-out force procedure qualification: the end cap after having assembled and having carried out upsetting pressure being carried out pulling-out force evaluation, makes cap bag under the pulling force of minimum 4448N, position is not moved；End pulling-out force at various pressures makes a record, and chooses most suitable pressure, as the pressure process parameter in upsetting pressure operation；(2) upsetting pressure: cap end is put in upsetting pressure mould, carries out upsetting pressure respectively with hydraulic press to the position at the contiguous end cap two ends in the middle position of end cap and anti-vibration bar, and pressure keeps pressure off-load after 10 seconds behind location, it is ensured that meet drawing requirement after cap end upsetting pressure.Upsetting pressure position in anti-vibration bar has everywhere, and contiguous each two places, end cap end, for carrying out spacing to cap end, it is prevented that end cap is subjected to displacement in anti-vibration bar.
Described inspection: (1) flatness detects, and measures with clearance gauge in detection platform；(2) size detection, measures product with digimatic micrometer；(3) angle detection, measures with digital display angle measuring instrument；(4) visual detection, carries out visual detection piece by piece, it is ensured that surface zero defect, surface roughness roughness measuring instrument crawls measurement to workpiece；(5) surface finish measurement, with roughness instrument or contrast sample block measurement；All size detection results should meet drawing requirement.
Described cleaning: bar is cleaned by relevant regulations, guarantee that finished surface does not have rust staining, dust and other pollutant, (1) metal of sulfur, lead, hydrargyrum, cadmium and other low melting points, and their alloy and compound, halogen-containing material is all forbidden for processes such as the preparation of anti-vibration bar, test, inspection and packagings；(2) lubricant, cuttings liquid and abluent do not contain above-mentioned substance yet；Molykote, politef and other poly-fluorine materials also prohibit the use of.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the anti-vibration bar bar in above-described embodiment 1, includes following operation successively: induction furnace smelting, heat analysis, forging, hot rolling, the first heat treatment, performance test (stretching, hardness) and metal lographic examination, product analysis, cold-drawn, the second heat treatment, finished product processing, performance test (stretching, hardness) and grain size inspection, dimension control, labelling, cleaning.
Described induction furnace is smelted: place nickel plate, pure iron, crome metal when alloy material is smelted bottom induction furnace, and load in mixture closely knit, after fusing 70%, add total charged material weight 2% slag charge make steel, recording after molten steel temperature reaches tapping temperature falls down molten steel in ladle, pours into steel ingot bar after calm 1-2 minute.Every 40-50kg of steel ingot weight, steel ingot diameter microcephaly 140mm, major part 155mm.
Described heat analysis includes: (1) samples: from car beyond the head of ingot, ingot tail 20mm scope or dig sample for chemical analysis；(2) each heat (batch) number is taken a sample for chemical analysis and measures the chemical analysis of every stove steel, and screen by content standard data.Melting chemical analysis should meet following table and require:
Described forging: by analyze qualified after steel ingot at 1150-1220 DEG C, be forged into the steel billet of 50*50mm size；
(1) Forge Heating thermometer:
(2) forging: forging compression ratio is: 4-6；Forging size: 50*50mm；Square billet major part excision more than 100mm, microcephaly excises more than 50mm；Forging stock surface treatment: forging stock surface strips off the skin reconditioning, removes the surface defects such as surface wrinkles crackle pipe.
Described hot rolling: be placed in by steel billet at 1050-1100 DEG C of temperature and carry out hot rolling, be rolled into the bar of ф 16mm, to check the crackle of surface quality by root, to fold, scab, is mingled with after hot rolling cooling, and thoroughly polishing is clean；
(1) billet heating temperature table is as follows:
(2) rolling: adjust the work outward appearance to rolled products and want straight, be rolled into the silk material of ф 16mm；To check the crackle of surface quality by root, to fold, scab, be mingled with after milling material cooling, and thoroughly polishing is clean；Rolling ratio: >=5.
The first described heat treatment: the bar after hot rolling is carried out vacuum annealing process, temperature is maintained at 800 ± 10 DEG C；
Described performance test includes: each batch number of the hot rolled rod after heat treatment times is taken one group of sample by (1)；(2) sample is carried out respectively tension test, hardness test, Metallographic Analysis and product analysis, substandard product is got rid of；
1. stretch test result should meet following table requirement:
As bar≤25mm, the longitudinal axis of sample is consistent with the center of bar, and the distance of the useful part distance bar heat treated end of sample cannot be less than the diameter of bar.
2. hardness test should meet:
Hardness test should check the hardness of bar in the middle part of bar center to face.
3. Metallographic Analysis should meet:
4. product analysis: material product analysis is done in sampling at the two ends of tensile sample, analyzing result should meet:
5. retrial and another warm process:
If the stretch test result of 5.1 bars is undesirable, two additional samples can be cut at the contiguous position of failed test sample and carry out tension test, only can check and accept when two additional specimen test results are satisfied by requiring；
If 5.2 any a collection of bar heat treatments are improper and cause mechanical property defective, then this batch of material another warm can be processed, but heat treated number of times is not to be exceeded twice again；This batch of material is carried out all inspections (inspection except chemical analysis and non-metallic inclusion) of technical conditions regulation after processing by another warm；All inspections all should meet the requirement of these technical conditions.
Described cold-drawn includes: (1) first carries out soft annealing process, is incubated 40 minutes at 720-750 DEG C of temperature；(2) by deformation requirements glomerocryst mould successively drawing, and crizzle place being carried out reconditioning, reconditioning can carry out the drawing of lower road to zero defect.
Drawing deflection during cold-drawn is φ 16 → φ, 14 → φ, 12.5 → φ 11 → 4.8 × 12.8 → 4.4 × 12.5 → 4.028 × 12.19.
Soft annealing resolving system is as follows:
The second described heat treatment: will be pulled to finished-product material and be laid in bell-jar heat-treatment furnace, carries out heat treatment under hydrogen shield state, and annealing holding temperature is 788-815 DEG C, heat treatment temperature and other require that according to the form below requirement carries out:
Described finished product processing: the bar after heat treatment is aligned, the cold working operation such as polishing, the thickness after processing, width, torsion resistance, linearity equidimension should meet following table and require:
Described performance test: bar is carried out mechanical property test, hardness test, grain size inspection, the bar being unsatisfactory for technical conditions requirement is got rid of.
1. mechanical property test should meet:
2. hardness test should meet:
3. grain size inspection:
If the mechanical property of bar does not meet technology requirement, then can carrying out retrial in the contiguous double sampling in position of this sample, retrial result all should meet the specification requirement.
Described dimension control includes: (1) visual examination: to every material surface by Zhi Jinhang visual inspection, require the defect such as flawless, scuffing, bar does not allow to carry out any repair by welding, and its surface roughness is checked by Zhi Jinhang, suspicious district need to be increased inspection, record result and answer Ra≤1.6 μm；(2) dimensional gaughing: the material taking out 5% carries out dimensional gaughing, it is ensured that scantling meets the tolerance of 4.028 ± 0.013* (12.19).
Described labelling: should accurately make mark on every material or tie on a label, writing maker's name, material trademark and specification exactly；Hearth number, lot number and piece number；Contract number or order number.
Described cleaning: bar is cleaned by relevant regulations, it is ensured that finished product Surface of Rod Bar does not have rust staining, dust and other pollutant；Rod iron can not contact the material that itself and integrity have harm.The incompatibility material of main metal has lead, zinc, copper, aluminum, cadmium, stannum, hydrargyrum, sulfur, arsenic, boron and general low-melting alloy and their compound thereof, in addition, fluoride, sulfate, chloride and the acid chloride produced due to the degraded of plastic containing chlorine is a potential danger, answers careful selection adhesive tape, marking pen, couplant, penetrating agent and coating；If it is desired that with milling tools, first have to guarantee that milling tools is not contaminated.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the end cap in above-described embodiment 1, includes following operation successively: induction furnace smelting, electroslag refining, heat analysis, forging, ultrasound investigation, hot rolling, heat treatment, performance test, product analysis, end cap Vehicle Processing, dimension control, labelling, cleaning.
Described induction furnace is smelted: place nickel plate, pure iron, crome metal when alloy material is smelted bottom induction furnace, and load in mixture closely knit, after fusing 70%, the slag charge adding always feed intake 2% is made steel, recording after molten steel temperature reaches tapping temperature falls down molten steel in ladle, pours into steel ingot bar, every 40-50kg of steel ingot weight after calm 1-2 minute, steel ingot diameter microcephaly 140mm, major part 155mm.
Described electroslag refining: alloy material, after smelting, just will can be effectively improved the degree of purity of steel alloy, structural homogenity through electroslag refining, improves the surface of steel ingot, inherent quality, improves the performance of steel alloy.When electroslag refining is complete, carry out feeding, after feeding 3-5 minute, cool down >=3 minutes de-ingots.Then ESR ingot surface treatment is carried out: surface strips off the skin, reconditioning.
Described heat analysis includes: (1) samples: from car beyond the head of ingot, ingot tail 20mm scope or dig sample for chemical analysis；(2) each heat (batch) number taking a sample for chemical analysis, by the test method of " ASTME38 nickel-chrome and nickel-chromium-ferro alloy chemical analysis method " requirement, material carries out Chemical bath deposition, and screen by content standard data, melting chemistry should meet:
Described forging: by analyze qualified after steel ingot at 1240-1260 DEG C of temperature, be forged into the steel billet of 50*50mm size.
1. being annealed steel ingot before forging processing, heat treatment temperature according to the form below carries out:
2. deformation technique: forging compression ratio is: 4-6；Square billet major part excision more than 100mm, microcephaly excises more than 50mm；Forging square billet is of a size of 50*50mm；Forging stock surface treatment: forging stock surface strips off the skin reconditioning, removes the surface defects such as surface wrinkles crackle pipe.
Described ultrasound investigation: the square rod of the reconditioning that strips off the skin is carried out ultrasound examination by the detection method specified in " bar Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement condition " and acceptance criteria.
Described hot rolling: square billet is placed at about 1200 DEG C temperature and carries out hot rolling, it is rolled into the material of 13*25mm, hot-rolled temperature deviation, less than 10 degree, to be checked the crackle of surface quality by root, to fold, scab, the defect such as is mingled with after hot rolling cooling, and thoroughly polishing is clean；
1. the square billet after forging first makes annealing treatment before hot rolling, and annealing temperature is following table such as:
2. roll control: end cap material is rolled into 13*25mm；To check face crack by root after milling material cooling, fold, scab, the defect such as be mingled with, and excise or thoroughly polishing is clean；Rolling ratio is for >=5.
Described heat treatment includes: 1. solution treatment: the end cap material 13*25mm material after hot rolling is laid in solution treatment in bell hydrogen resistance furnace gas shielded stove, and heat treatment temperature is following table such as:
Wherein, holding temperature deviation is less than ± 10 DEG C.
2. Ageing Treatment: the bar after solution treatment must carry out Ageing Treatment, Ageing Treatment also should carry out in hydrogen shield stove, and heat treatment temperature is:
| Steel grade | Specification | Heating-up temperature DEG C | Temperature retention time (h) | The type of cooling |
| SB-166 UNS N06690 | 13*25mm | 704～732 DEG C | 8-12h | Air cooling |
Wherein, Ageing Treatment is not to be exceeded ± 10 DEG C at the temperature deviation of soak.
3. solid solution and aging strengthening model record should be listed in certificate of quality file, and heat treatment record should comprise holding temperature and deviation, temperature retention time, the rate of heat addition, heating atmosphere and the type of cooling.
Described performance test includes:
1. sampling: each batch number is appointed and taken a sample and do mechanical property test, axial in bar of the longitudinal axis of tensile sample.The useful part of tensile sample is at least one times of diameter of rod from bar end；The longitudinal axis location of tensile sample is bar center；Sample has enough length, in order to intercepts all test consumptions such as hardness specimens, metallographic specimen and is likely to the sample needed for retrial.
2. tension test should meet:
Wherein, tension test adopts the standard specimen of gauge length 50mm, diameter 12.5mm.
3. Metallographic Analysis: the sample close position in tension test samples and does Metallographic Analysis, and Metallographic Analysis examination criteria is:
4. macro-erosion test: appoint extraction one to carry out macroetch test for every batch, should test at the crop cross section position, two ends of bar, with the naked eye or by less than 10 times magnifieres evaluate, be not allow for the defects such as shrinkage cavity, cavity, crackle, slag inclusion and pin hole.
5. Huey test: every batch of bar should take one group of (two) sample on any one bar after Ageing Treatment and carry out Huey test, sample takes in stretching adjacent locations, sample should first through sensitized treatment, sensitized treatment system be 675 DEG C ± 5 DEG C be incubated 1 hour, sample corrosion rate should be less than 20mdd (milligram/square decimeter. sky).
6. product analysis: each stove is appointed and taken a sample and do the product analysis of material near tensile sample, and product analysis result should meet:
Described end cap Vehicle Processing: the 13*25mm material after Ageing Treatment is made a service test, and qualified material is machined, is processed into φ 22.86 ± 0.05, the end cap product of long 50.8 ± 0.07 on request.
Described dimensional gaughing: 1, to every material surface by Zhi Jinhang visual inspection, end cap is not allow for indentation, burr, lobe, metal are heaved.2, material carrying out dimensional gaughing, the inspection quantity of every stove material should be greater than 5%.
Described labelling: should accurately make mark on every material or tie on a label, should include: job number, material trademark and specification, bar piece number, hearth number, heat treatment heat (batch) number, bar maker's name.
Described cleaning: bar is cleaned by relevant regulations, it is ensured that finished product end cap surface does not have rust staining, dust and other pollutant.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of the anti-vibration bar bar in the anti-vibration bar assembly of an AP1000 nuclear power generating sets steam generator, it is characterised in that in turn include the following steps:
A, induction furnace are smelted: place nickel plate, pure iron, crome metal when alloy material is smelted bottom induction furnace, and load in mixture closely knit, after fusing 70%, add total charged material weight 2% slag charge make steel, recording after molten steel temperature reaches tapping temperature falls down molten steel in ladle, pours into steel ingot bar after calm 1-2 minute；
B, forging: the alloy material steel ingot after being smelted by induction furnace is forged into after 1150-1220 DEG C of heating and insulation the steel billet of 50*50mm size, and carries out finishing reconditioning；
C, hot rolling: above-mentioned steel billet is placed at 1050-1100 DEG C of temperature heat, insulation after carry out hot rolling, be rolled into the bar of φ 16mm；
D, the first heat treatment: after again the bar after hot rolling is carried out surface finish, reconditioning, carry out vacuum annealing process, and bar is heated at temperature 800 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, is incubated；
E, cold-drawn: first carry out soft annealing process, be incubated 40 minutes at 720-750 DEG C of temperature；By deformation requirements glomerocryst mould successively drawing, and crizzle place being carried out reconditioning, reconditioning can carry out the drawing of lower road to zero defect；
F, the second heat treatment: be laid in bell-jar heat-treatment furnace by the bar of above-mentioned cold drawn forming, carry out heat treatment under hydrogen shield state, and during annealing insulation, temperature is 788-815 DEG C, is incubated more than 3 hours；Then with less than 28 DEG C/h of rate of cooling slow cooling to less than 610 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
G, finished product are processed: the bar after processing is aligned, polished.
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| CN1405343A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-03-26 | 上海金韦仑特种材料研究所 | High-strength nickel-copper alloy and production method thereof |
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| CN101831592A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-09-15 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Shockproof strip material of nuclear power station steam generator, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102230120A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-02 | 丹阳市龙鑫合金有限公司 | High-performance elastic alloy material for aerial hyperbaric cabin and production method thereof |
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| JP2012081475A (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-04-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Dissimilar material joint structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1405343A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-03-26 | 上海金韦仑特种材料研究所 | High-strength nickel-copper alloy and production method thereof |
| CN101775520A (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2010-07-14 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Method for preparing high-performance Cu-Fe deformation in-situ composite material by magnetic field treatment |
| CN101831592A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-09-15 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Shockproof strip material of nuclear power station steam generator, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102230120A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-02 | 丹阳市龙鑫合金有限公司 | High-performance elastic alloy material for aerial hyperbaric cabin and production method thereof |
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