CN114932182A - Forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel - Google Patents
Forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114932182A CN114932182A CN202210615694.4A CN202210615694A CN114932182A CN 114932182 A CN114932182 A CN 114932182A CN 202210615694 A CN202210615694 A CN 202210615694A CN 114932182 A CN114932182 A CN 114932182A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
- B21J13/12—Turning means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel, which comprises the following steps: after the electroslag ingot is heated, the ingot protecting plate is removed, and the electroslag ingot is subjected to upsetting, wherein the upsetting coefficient is 2.0-2.5; forging on the upper and lower upsetting plates, wherein the deformation is 40 percent; drawing and upsetting are carried out on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil, and the upsetting coefficient is 2.0-2.5%; the blank after upsetting is forged on an upper upsetting plate and a lower upsetting plate, and the deformation is 40 percent; and then drawing the flat anvil under the upper flat anvil along the axial direction to the size of a finished product, wherein the efficiency is improved compared with two-upsetting two-drawing during forging, the core tissues at two ends of the electroslag ingot can be fully deformed and extruded, the sufficiency and uniformity of forging deformation are ensured, and the impact energy of the forged die flat steel is improved by more than 10J compared with the original two-upsetting two-drawing impact energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of free forging, and particularly relates to a forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel.
Background
The H13Mo2ESR die flat steel is hot die steel, is similar to German steel No. 8418, is mainly used for die casting dies, has material performance superior to H13, has chemical components different from conventional H13 (equivalent to domestic 4Cr5MoSiV1 and execution standard GB/T1299-2014), and has the following specific components:
chemical composition (% by mass)
| Number plate | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Ni | Cu |
| H13Mo2ESR | 0.35～0.40 | 0.30～0.50 | 0.30～0.50 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.005 | 5.00～5.50 | 2.3～2.5 | 0.50～0.70 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.25 |
| H13 | 0.32～0.45 | 0.8～1.2 | 0.20～0.50 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | 4.75～5.50 | 1.1～1.75 | 0.8～1.2 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.25 |
The die flat steel forging is to heat the raw material electroslag ingot to a temperature higher than the recrystallization temperature and press the raw material electroslag ingot on an oil press for forming, under the high-temperature condition, the raw material electroslag ingot has high thermal strength, hot hardness, toughness, wear resistance, thermal fatigue resistance, good high-temperature oxidation resistance and hardenability, and because of the requirement of the working environment of the hot die steel, the total alloy content is higher, and the molten steel is easy to generate internal defects such as serious dendrite segregation, center porosity and the like in the pouring and solidifying process. Because of cooling crystallization, dendrite segregation exists, an enrichment area of carbon and alloy elements is formed in residual liquid finally solidified among dendrites, one part of the enrichment area reaches eutectic components, unstable hypoeutectic carbides are formed after solidification, the eutectic carbides are distributed in a polygonal shape, a chain shape and a net shape, and the coarse carbides distributed in a matrix seriously influence the service life of the hot work die steel.
The data show that sufficient forging ratio is ensured in the hot working process, and sufficient forging is carried out, so that hypoeutectic carbide can be crushed, and the granularity and the distribution state of the carbide can be improved. The existing common forging methods comprise an FM method, a WHF method and a three-way forging method, however, for the die flat steel, the FM method and the WHF method are difficult to ensure good deformation sufficiency and uniformity, the problem of unstable or unqualified impact energy is often caused, and the three-way forging method has the problems of complex operation, poor surface quality of a forged piece, high processing cost and the like which are difficult to avoid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a forging method for improving the transverse impact energy of the H13Mo2ESR die flat steel, which is used for optimizing and improving the forging process of the H13Mo2ESR die flat steel, ensuring the sufficiency and uniformity of forging deformation so as to improve the impact property of materials and produce qualified die flat steel.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel comprises the following steps:
step 1), after the electroslag ingot is heated and high-temperature diffusion is completed, placing the electroslag ingot under an upper upsetting plate and on a lower upsetting plate to carry out axial upsetting on the electroslag ingot, and upsetting the electroslag ingot to a blank with the height-diameter ratio of 0.6-0.8 according to the upsetting coefficient of 2.0-2.5;
step 2), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to axial upsetting in the step 1) by an angle of 90 degrees along the radial direction, and performing radial upsetting below the upper upsetting plate and on the lower upsetting plate, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
step 3), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 2) by an angle of 90 degrees along the axial direction, and performing radial upsetting again on the upper upsetting plate and the lower upsetting plate, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
step 4), turning the radial upset electroslag ingot in the step 3) by an angle of 90 degrees along the radial direction to enable the tail of the ingot to be upward, drawing and growing the ingot on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil into a square blank, and chamfering when the length of the square blank is consistent with the initial length of the electroslag ingot, wherein the chamfering reduction is 50-80 mm;
step 5), turning the electroslag ingot drawn out in the step 4) by an angle of 90 degrees along the length direction of the square blank and erecting, and upsetting the electroslag ingot to a blank with a height-diameter ratio of 0.6-0.8 according to an upsetting coefficient of 2.0-2.5 under an upper upsetting plate and on a lower upsetting plate for one radial upsetting;
step 6), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 5) by an angle of 90 degrees along the axial direction, and carrying out radial upsetting on an upper upsetting plate and a lower upsetting plate, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
and 7) drawing the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 6) on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil along the axial direction to the size of a finished product.
The radial upsetting in step 3) and the radial upsetting in step 2) are at an angle of 90 °, which corresponds to two upsetting operations.
In the step 4), drawing the electroslag ingot blank upwards on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil along the radial direction, wherein the drawing direction is different from the drawing direction of the normal forging axial drawing direction, and the fiber direction is changed; meanwhile, in the step 5), the electroslag ingot blank drawn out in the step 4) is turned over by 90 degrees, radial upsetting is carried out on the upper upsetting plate and the lower upsetting plate, and compared with the normal axial upsetting direction, the electroslag ingot blank is easier to extrude the defective tissue of the ingot tail and the dead head.
And in the whole forging process, the furnace returning and heating are selected or the next step operation is continuously executed according to the material temperature condition.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following positive effects: compared with an FM method, a WHF method and a three-dimensional forging method, the method can shorten the forming process and ensure the full deformation of the inner part of the electroslag ingot, thereby being beneficial to fully crushing eutectic carbide, the forming mode of upsetting is utilized in the main deformation process, the forging permeability of the core part of the electroslag ingot is enhanced, the loose areas at the two ends of the electroslag ingot and the deposition reactor area are extruded out, the improvement effect on the defects of riser segregation and the like of the electroslag ingot is more sufficient and effective, and the utilization rate and the transverse impact power of the electroslag ingot are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention being fed and placed on a lower upset plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electroslag ingot of the invention performing axial upsetting on an upper upsetting plate and a lower upsetting plate, and the upsetting coefficient is 2.0-2.5.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention being placed on a lower upsetting plate after upsetting and being turned over at an angle of 90 DEG in a radial direction.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the deformation of 35% -40% of an electroslag ingot of the invention upset on upper and lower upset plates.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention placed on a lower upsetting plate after upsetting and turned over at an angle of 90 ° in a radial direction.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the deformation of 35% -40% of an electroslag ingot of the invention upset on upper and lower upset plates.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention upset after upsetting so that the tail of the electroslag ingot is placed on a lower flat anvil.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of micro-chamfering of an electroslag ingot according to the present invention drawn from an upper and a lower flat anvil to a square billet, the length of which is close to the initial length of the electroslag ingot.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the blank of the invention placed on a lower upsetting plate after drawing electroslag ingot and turning the blank along the length direction by 90 degrees.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electroslag ingot of the present invention with an upsetting coefficient of 2.0-2.2 when upsetting is performed on upper and lower upsetting plates.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention placed on a lower upsetting plate after upsetting and being turned 90 degrees in an axial direction.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an electroslag ingot of the present invention upset on upper and lower upset plates with a deformation of 35% -40%.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of drawing an electroslag ingot of the present invention after upsetting into a finished product on upper and lower flat anvils.
The sequence numbers in the figures show: 1. electroslag ingot, upper upsetting plate, lower upsetting plate, 3, upper flat anvil, 4,
5. a lower flat anvil; the shadow zone is the ingot tail end of the electroslag ingot; and ← → is the axial direction of the electroslag ingot.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated and described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1: the steel grade of the material is as follows: h13Mo2 ESR; the weight of the electroslag ingot is as follows: 14 tons; the product specification is as follows: 355mm × 1000 mm; the use equipment comprises the following steps: a 5000 ton hydraulic press; the electroslag ingot is put into a heating furnace, and after being heated, the electroslag ingot is forged into a 355mm x 1000mm flat square module on a 5000 ton oil press according to the following steps:
step 1), heating the electroslag ingot 1 to a temperature according to a special process, placing the electroslag ingot under an upper upsetting plate 2 and on a lower upsetting plate 3 as shown in the attached drawing 1 of the specification, and carrying out axial upsetting according to the drawing 2, wherein the upsetting coefficient is 2.05, the diameter is about phi 1530mm, and the height-diameter ratio after upsetting is = 0.70;
step 2), turning over the electroslag ingot 1 subjected to axial upsetting in the step 1) by 90 degrees, upsetting the upper upsetting plate 2 and the lower upsetting plate 3 to 1000mm according to a diagram 4 and reducing by 35% as shown in an attached figure 3 of the specification;
step 3), turning over the radial upset electroslag ingot 1 obtained in the step 2) by 90 degrees, upsetting the upper upset plate and the lower upset plate 3 to 1100mm according to a graph 6 and reducing by 35 percent as shown in an attached figure 5 of the specification;
step 4), turning the radial upset electroslag ingot 1 obtained in the step 3) by 90 degrees again to enable the ingot tail to face upwards, drawing the ingot on an upper flat anvil 4 and a lower flat anvil 5 to 950mm multiplied by 1900 according to a drawing of a graph 8 and reducing by 20% as shown in an attached figure 7 of the specification;
and 5) turning the electroslag ingot 1 obtained in the step 4) by 90 degrees again and standing up, and performing primary radial upsetting on the electroslag ingot 1 below the upper upsetting plate 2 and on the lower upsetting plate 3 as shown in the attached figure 9 of the specification, wherein the upsetting is performed according to the figure 10 to 950mm, the upsetting coefficient is 2.0, the diameter is about 1510mm, and the height-diameter ratio after upsetting is = 0.70.
And 6), turning over the electroslag ingot 1 subjected to radial upsetting in the step 5) by 90 degrees, and upsetting to 950mm again under the upper upsetting plate 2 and on the lower upsetting plate 3 according to a graph 12 and reducing by 37 percent as shown in an attached figure 11 of the specification.
And 7) drawing the electroslag ingot 1 subjected to radial upsetting in the step 6) to a finished product size of 360 multiplied by 1015 multiplied by 3710 on the upper flat anvil 4 and the lower flat anvil 5 along the axial direction as shown in the attached figure 13 of the specification.
And 8) putting the forged blank into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment, carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection and impact power detection after the annealing is finished, and obtaining detection data shown in the following table.
| Ingot number | Material utilization | Impact energy | 1 | |
Work of percussion3 | |
| Before implementation | 9A19496 | 71.6% | 11J | 11J | 12J | |
| After being implemented | 10A20297 | 79.2% | 23J | 23J | 24J | |
| Increase of value | 7.6% | 12J | 12J | 12J |
Compared with the prior common two-heading two-drawing forging module, the H13Mo2ESR die flat steel produced by the invention has the advantages that the KV2 impact energy is improved to 23J/23J/24J from the original 11J/11J/12J, the material utilization rate is 79.2 percent, the material utilization rate is improved by 7.6 percent compared with the prior 71.6 percent, the annealing structure is uniform through physical and chemical analysis, and the quality is qualified.
Claims (3)
1. The forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the forging method comprises the following steps:
step 1), after the electroslag ingot is heated and high-temperature diffusion is completed, placing the electroslag ingot under an upper upsetting plate and on a lower upsetting plate to carry out axial upsetting on the electroslag ingot, and upsetting the electroslag ingot to a blank with the height-diameter ratio of 0.6-0.8 according to the upsetting coefficient of 2.0-2.5;
step 2), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to axial upsetting in the step 1) by an angle of 90 degrees along the radial direction, and performing radial upsetting on the lower part of the upper upsetting plate and the lower upsetting plate, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
step 3), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 2) by an angle of 90 degrees along the axial direction, and performing radial upsetting again on the upper upsetting plate and the lower upsetting plate, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
step 4), turning the radial upset electroslag ingot in the step 3) by an angle of 90 degrees along the radial direction to enable the tail of the ingot to be upward, drawing and growing the ingot on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil into a square blank, and chamfering when the length of the square blank is consistent with the initial length of the electroslag ingot, wherein the chamfering reduction is 50-80 mm;
step 5), turning the electroslag ingot drawn out in the step 4) by an angle of 90 degrees along the length direction of the square blank and erecting, and upsetting the electroslag ingot to a blank with the height-diameter ratio of 0.6-0.8, wherein the electroslag ingot is subjected to primary radial upsetting below an upper upsetting plate and on a lower upsetting plate, and the upsetting coefficient is 2.0-2.5;
step 6), turning the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 5) by an angle of 90 degrees along the axial direction, and upsetting on an upper upsetting plate and a lower upsetting plate in the radial direction, wherein the reduction is 35-40%;
and 7) drawing the electroslag ingot subjected to radial upsetting in the step 6) on an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil along the axial direction to reach the size of a finished product.
2. The forging method for improving the transverse impact power of the H13Mo2ESR die flat steel according to claim 1, wherein the forging method comprises the following steps: the radial upsetting in step 3) and the radial upsetting in step 2) are at an angle of 90 °, which corresponds to two upsetting operations.
3. The forging method for improving the transverse impact work of the H13Mo2ESR die flat steel according to claim 1, wherein the forging method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), drawing the electroslag ingot blank upwards along the radial direction on the upper ingot tails of the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil, wherein the drawing is different from the drawing in the normal forging axial drawing direction, and the fiber direction is changed; meanwhile, in the step 5), the electroslag ingot blank drawn out in the step 4) is turned over by 90 degrees, radial upsetting is carried out on the upper upsetting plate and the lower upsetting plate, and compared with the normal axial upsetting direction, the electroslag ingot blank is easier to extrude the defective tissue of the ingot tail and the dead head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210615694.4A CN114932182A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210615694.4A CN114932182A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel |
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| CN202210615694.4A Pending CN114932182A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Forging method for improving transverse impact energy of H13Mo2ESR die flat steel |
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