CN103934262A - Method for reducing volatile organic contaminant residue in soil in mechanical ventilation repair process - Google Patents
Method for reducing volatile organic contaminant residue in soil in mechanical ventilation repair process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing volatile organic contaminant residue in the soil in a mechanical ventilation repair process. The method comprises the steps of firstly disturbing volatile organic contaminated soil to enable a volatile organic contaminant in the volatile organic contaminated soil to fully volatilize; when the volatile organic contaminated soil enters the repair trailing period, detecting the concentration of the volatile organic contaminant in the volatile organic contaminated soil; if the concentration of the volatile organic contaminant exceeds a repair target value, feeding quick lime into the volatile organic contaminated soil, continuously disturbing the volatile organic contaminated soil and carrying out intensive repair treatment; and if the concentration of the volatile organic contaminant reaches or is lower than the repair target value, finishing the repair work. By using the method, not only is the smearing of the contaminant in the soil obviously relieved or eliminated, the repair period shortened and further the residue concentration of the contaminant in the soil reduced, but also the amount of the fed quick lime is obviously reduced, so that the cost of the intensive treatment can be saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of repairing polluted soil, particularly a kind ofly reduce the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil.
Background technology
Force ventilation technique (Mechanical Soil Aeration) is a kind of simple to operate, effective, soil remediation technology that cost is low, be particularly suitable for the soil remediation of large-scale volatile organic matter contaminated site, especially it is worthy of note, this technology is very economical, and the developing countries that are particularly suitable for high soil remediation cost to be difficult to accept apply.
This technique utilizes mechanical disturbance contaminated soil in airtight reparation booth, by means such as forced convertion ventilations, the effusion of VOC in reinforced soil, and collect and process the object that reaches reparation volatility organic polluted soil by dusty gas.But the method is in actual application, there will be comparatively serious " conditions of streaking " repairing the later stage, particularly under some extreme condition (as low temperature, soil moisture content is high, soil stickiness is large etc.), conditions of streaking is more obvious.
Hangover not only can greatly extend repair time, reduces remediation efficiency, also can cause the residual of pollutant in soil excessive concentrations, cannot meet the requirement of site remediation desired value, has a strong impact on the application of this technology.Our field pilot test result in early stage shows: in the situation that the soil moisture is higher (spring and autumn and summer, the soil moisture is higher than 14 DEG C), through the reparation of nearly 80 hours, the concentration of pollutant in soil can reach the requirement of soil remediation desired value; And in the winter time, temperature and the soil moisture lower (soil temperature is lower than 5 DEG C), in this case, though through the reparation of approximately 615 hours, pollutant in soil concentration still maintains higher concentration, occurs conditions of streaking, and does not reach the requirement of this site remediation desired value.
At present, there have been unit or individual to carry out some researchs about organic polluted soil recovery technique.Patent CN102974608 A discloses the chemical enhanced restorative procedure of a kind of organic polluted soil, this restorative procedure starts just in organic polluted soil, to add quick lime, jointly promote the volatilization of pollutant by utilizing chemical reaction liberated heat and machinery to turn over sieve effect, and then utilize the pressure extracting of vacuum blower, make the gas that contains pollutant by bag-type dust and charcoal absorption processing, make tail gas qualified discharge, finally realize the target that contaminated soil is repaired, but the addition of the method quick lime is the 10%-15% of contaminated soil weight, while having literature research to work as quick lime adding proportion to exceed 10%, can cause the more formation of toxic byproduct (Ko et al., 2010, Ko et al., 2011).In order to prevent the more generation of toxic byproduct, must reduce the addition of quick lime, but the soil low to temperature, viscosity is large and moisture content is high, a small amount of possibly of quick lime cannot smearing.Patent CN1290632C discloses a kind of volatility and half volatile organic polluted soil is administered technique and device outside the venue, by soil being excavated from place and is inserted in a container, the pollutant volatilization that utilizes electrical heating and vacuum extraction to impel to be adsorbed in soil, take away with gas phase, finally realize the target of soil remediation, but this technique electrical heating power consumption is huge, and cost is higher.Patent CN1185055C discloses a kind of pollution soil steam treatment method and device, the method by being configured to mud by contaminated soil in a container, utilize slush pump to pump slurry into high-pressure reactor, electrical heating is to 200-300 DEG C, make polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant desorption from soil, enter steam, the soil after purification is separated by separator, discharges; Polyaromatic hydrocarbon pollutant and water vapor condensation, separate and discharge through liquid liquid/gas separator, finally realizes the reparation of contaminated soil.The shortcoming of the method is that soil is configured to mud and need to expends a large amount of water, and huge, a large amount of energy that consumes energy when mud in heating high-pressure reactor is used for heating moisture, causes energy waste.Patent CN102139277A discloses a kind of low-temperature desorption renovation technique for contaminated soil, first this technique be transported to workshop by contaminated soil, then by soil is carried out to repeatedly turning, that pollutant in soil evaporates in gas phase, finally utilize vacuum blower that gas is evacuated to exhaust treatment system and process, finally realize the reparation of contaminated soil.This technique has advantages of low energy consumption, simple to operate, but the scope of this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT pollutant is little, only limits to volatile component under normal temperature.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of residual method of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil that reduces, the method not only can obviously alleviate or eliminate pollutant in soil smearing, shorten repairing efficiency, further reduce the residual concentration of pollutant in soil, and need the quick lime amount of adding also obviously to reduce, save the cost of intensive treatment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of residual method of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil that reduces, first disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, fully volatilizees the volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; In the time that volatility organic polluted soil enters the reparation hangover phase, detect the concentration of volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant exceedes reparation desired value, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, continue disturbance volatility organic polluted soil and strengthen repair process; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant reaches or lower than repairing desired value, repair completes; The described reparation hangover phase refers to that volatile organic contaminant concentration residual in soil has been reduced to lower level, and concentration decline presents the trend slowly changing.
Be less than 10%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is once to add by the total amount of quick lime, or, the total amount of quick lime is divided into the component of multiple quick limes and is divided into repeatedly interpolation, add each time the ratio of quick lime component all to equate, or, add the ratio of quick lime component to increase progressively successively, or, add the ratio of quick lime component to successively decrease successively.
To the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil be 2%, 3% or 5%(dry ground mass ratio), the indegree that adds of quick lime is once;
Or, be 2%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 3%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is three times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 5%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is five times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 3%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 3%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio).
Described have two kinds of modes to adding quick lime in volatility organic polluted soil, and a kind of mode is to stop, after disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, adding quick lime, then continues disturbance volatility organic polluted soil; Another kind of mode is in the process of disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, adds quick lime.
Described disturbance volatility organic polluted soil adopts mechanical soil ventilation technique, described mechanical soil ventilation technique is to utilize to turn over to take off volatility organic polluted soil, forced convertion means of ventilation, the effusion of volatile organic contaminant in reinforced soil, and reach the object of repairing volatility organic polluted soil by collection and the processing of dusty gas.
Described mechanical soil ventilation technique is for scientific experiment, first prepare volatility organic polluted soil, again the volatility organic polluted soil preparing is put into the equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil, the described equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil comprises motor, the decelerator being connected with described motor, stirred tank and handle, described decelerator is connected with described stirred tank by the first shaft coupling, described stirred tank outer setting housing, on described housing, be provided with gas outlet and air inlet, described housing connects described handle by the second shaft coupling, described handle drives described housing upset, in described housing, be provided with the cavity of placing conductive fluid, the top of described housing is provided with renovates, the described opening being provided with for sample and add quick lime at experimentation of renovating, described opening is furnished with seal cover, described gas outlet is communicated with charcoal absorption treating apparatus by exhaust collection pipe, described air inlet is communicated with source nitrogen or air-source by air pump, this equipment is by the rotation of stirred tank in apparatus casing, the perturbation process of analog mechanical ventilation equipment, and stirring to volatility organic polluted soil by it, cut and turn over throwing effect, mandatory volatile organic contaminant in soil volatilization is entered in the middle of air, thereby reach the experiment purpose of removing the pollutant in soil, entering the central volatile organic contaminant of air enters in described charcoal absorption treating apparatus by described gas outlet and exhaust collection pipe, adopt the treatment process of carbon fiber adsorption and catalytic combustion, vacuum desorption, heat accumulating type catalytic combustion, acid mist absorption to process the volatile organic contaminant in charcoal absorption treating apparatus, thereby reach the requirement of discharge.
The process of described preparation volatility organic polluted soil is: soil after first placing 2000g sieve in vinyon cloth, spread out even, evenly add at an upper portion thereof the methyl alcohol hydrotropy liquid 18ml of 400ml high purity water and pollutant, and then the high purity water of soil and 200ml after covering 1000g in the above and sieving, by tight Polypropylence Sheet bag and seal, under 20 DEG C of room temperatures lucifuge homogeneous, after aging 48 hours, use.
The described housing for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil equipment adopts stainless steel material to make, and has inner bag in housing, and inner bag is airtight container, and the volume of inner bag is 15L, and described inner bag disposes temperature control system, and the thermoregulation range of temperature control system is 0-100 DEG C; Described stirred tank is positioned at described inner bag, and the rotating speed of described stirred tank is: 200r/min, and mixing time is 10s, and the mixing chamber interval is 2h, and the ventilation in inner bag is 1 L/min.
Described mechanical soil ventilation technique is for site operation engineering, first volatility organic polluted soil is dug out, move in interim airtight booth, stack slivering buttress with mound machinery again, stir with turner tool timing, and in booth forced ventilation, keep negative pressure, impel volatile organic contaminant volatilization in soil, prevent that dusty gas is excessive; In the time that the pollutant levels in soil reach reparation aimed concn, be reparation terminal, stop stirring; Soil after reparation shifts out in booth, for backfill; The dusty gas volatilizing from soil, extracts out by forced ventilation, uses cyclone dust collectors dedusting after centralized collection, triple effect active carbon adsorption, or with burn method processing, qualified rear qualified discharge.
The length of described interim airtight booth is 180 m, and wide is 60 m, and height is 20 m, and the gross area is 10800m
2; Described force ventilated ventilation 4000m
3/ h; The power of described turner tool is 45kw, and the speed of mainshaft is 200r/min, and gait of march is 50m/h, and day output is 6000m
3/ d, disturbance is spaced apart 2h.
The enhanced processing method of repairing polluted soil of the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect.
1, the technical program, owing to having adopted in the time that volatility organic polluted soil enters the reparation hangover phase, detects the concentration of volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant exceedes reparation desired value, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, continue disturbance volatility organic polluted soil and strengthen the technological means of repair process, so, not only can obviously alleviate or eliminate pollutant in soil smearing, shorten repairing efficiency, further reduce the residual concentration of pollutant in soil, and need the quick lime amount of adding also obviously to reduce, save the cost of intensive treatment.
2, the technical program is owing to having adopted the ratio to adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil to be less than 10%(dry ground mass ratio) technological means, so, can guarantee that the soil after repairing can not cause the more generation of toxic byproduct.When the indegree that adds that has adopted quick lime is the technological means once adding by the total amount of quick lime, can repair as quick as thought volatility organic polluted soil.The total amount of quick lime is divided into the component of multiple quick limes and is divided into repeatedly and adds when having adopted, the technological means that adds each time the ratio of quick lime component all to equate, can further save the consumption of quick lime.When the technological means that has adopted the ratio that adds quick lime component to increase progressively successively, can more effectively repair volatility organic polluted soil.When section for the technology that adopted the ratio that adds quick lime component to successively decrease successively, not only can accelerate to repair volatility organic polluted soil, and, be conducive to further save the consumption of quick lime.
3, the technical program due to adopted to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil be 2%, 3% or 5%(dry ground mass ratio) technological means, so, can add according to the character of different volatility organic polluted soils the quick lime of different proportion, reduce the addition of quick lime, had good economy and environment benefit.
4, the technical program stops after disturbance volatility organic polluted soil owing to having adopted, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, continue again the technological means of disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in experiment, can greatly improve the safety of adding quick lime.When having adopted in the process of disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, to the technological means of adding quick lime in volatility organic polluted soil, can make quick lime and volatility organic polluted soil be mixed to get more even, more be conducive to the volatilization of volatile organic contaminant in soil.
5, the technical program, owing to having adopted described disturbance volatility organic polluted soil to adopt mechanical soil ventilation technique, more contributes to the volatilization of volatile organic contaminant in soil.
6, the technical program is due to the technological means that has adopted described mechanical soil ventilation technique for scientific experiment, so, can further disclose, in the hangover phase, the rule of quick lime to the effect of volatility organic polluted soil, for instructing production practices that strong theoretical foundation is provided.
7, the technical program is because the process that has adopted described preparation volatility organic polluted soil is: soil after first placing 2000g sieve in vinyon cloth, spread out even, evenly add at an upper portion thereof the methyl alcohol hydrotropy liquid 18ml of 400ml high purity water and pollutant, and then the high purity water of soil and 200ml after covering 1000g in the above and sieving, by tight Polypropylence Sheet bag and seal, the technological means of lucifuge homogeneous, use after aging 48 hours under 20 DEG C of room temperatures, so, the volatility organic polluted soil of the more approaching reality of volatility organic polluted soil of preparation.
8, the technical program is owing to having adopted the described housing for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil equipment to adopt stainless steel material to make, in housing, there is inner bag, inner bag is airtight container, the volume of inner bag is 15L, described inner bag disposes temperature control system, and the thermoregulation range of temperature control system is 0-100 DEG C; Described stirred tank is positioned at described inner bag, and the rotating speed of described stirred tank is: 200r/min, and mixing time is 10s, the mixing chamber interval is 2h, and the ventilation in inner bag is the technological means of 1 L/min, so, optimize experiment parameter, made experimental result more have practicality.
9, the technical program is due to the technological means that has adopted described mechanical soil ventilation technique for site operation engineering, so, can greatly improve the remediation efficiency of volatility organic polluted soil.
10, the technical program is 180 m owing to having adopted the length of described interim airtight booth, and wide is 60 m, and height is 20 m, and the gross area is 10800m
2; Described force ventilated ventilation 4000m
3/ h; The power of described turner tool is 45kw, and the speed of mainshaft is 200r/min, and gait of march is 50m/h, and day output is 6000m
3/ d, disturbance is spaced apart the technological means of 2h, so, optimize production technology, improve production efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that present embodiment reduces the residual method flow diagram of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil.
Fig. 2 is the hangover of volatile organic contaminant and change in concentration situation schematic diagram in force ventilation PROCESS FOR TREATMENT soil under different soils temperature and different ventilation condition.
Fig. 3 is the sharply schematic diagram of situation of change of pollutant in soil concentration after adding quick lime in the hangover phase.
Fig. 4 adds soil moisture situation schematic diagram over time after quick lime.
Fig. 5 is the contrast schematic diagram that adds quick lime front and back soil particle size distribution curve.
Fig. 6 is the equipment schematic diagram of processing volatility organic polluted soil in experiment.
Fig. 7 is force ventilation technical finesse schematic diagram in engineering.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, embodiment of the present invention provides a kind ofly reduces the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil, first disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, fully volatilizees the volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; In the time that volatility organic polluted soil enters the reparation hangover phase, detect the concentration of volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; In perturbation process, gather pedotheque by certain time interval, a gas pollutant part is disposed in atmospheric environment after active carbon filtering device collection and treatment, and another part connects portable gas chromatography gas component and concentration are carried out to Real Time Monitoring; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant exceedes reparation desired value, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, continue disturbance volatility organic polluted soil and strengthen repair process; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant reaches or lower than repairing desired value, repair completes; Preferred as one, said process at least carries out once; The described reparation hangover phase refers to that volatile organic contaminant concentration residual in soil has been reduced to lower level, and concentration decline presents the trend slowly changing.
Now be illustrated with experiment.
1, force ventilation technique is repaired the conditions of streaking of chlorohydrocarbon contaminated soil.
Generally there is the mass transfer between gas phase and Adsorption Phase, gas phase and dissolving phase, Adsorption Phase and dissolving mutually in force ventilation technique, for unsaturation layer soil, what pollutant was more is to exist with gas phase and Adsorption Phase.
Before ventilating, stirring, soil has been put into machine, and pollutant is present in pollutant liquid phase, gaseous phase of soil, soil water and solid phase of soil, and part pollutant changes gas phase into, and in gaseous phase of soil, the concentration of pollutant is more and more higher.Repair conditions of streaking and the feature (time that the hangover phase occurs and the residual concentration of pollutant in soil) thereof in volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminated soil in order to study mechanical ventilation method, this experiment is respectively under different temperatures and ventilation condition, volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon in soil has been carried out to the repairing test of pilot-scale, its result as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 is the hangover of volatile organic contaminant and change in concentration situation schematic diagram in force ventilation PROCESS FOR TREATMENT soil under different soils temperature and different ventilation condition.
(A-C) ventilation 3L/min; Stir interval 2 hours, speed of mainshaft 200r/min, stir 10 seconds duration; The each pollutant 3ml of clay silt 3000kg+ water 600ml+ mixes afterwards, leaves standstill 48 hours.
(D-F) 20 DEG C of temperature; Stir interval 2 hours, speed of mainshaft 200r/min, stir 10 seconds duration; The each pollutant 3ml of clay silt 3000kg+ water 600ml+ mixes afterwards, leaves standstill 48 hours.
As seen from Figure 2, no matter in different soils temperature or under different ventilation conditions, for volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants 1 different in soil, 2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE), the removal effect that all shows as two stages changes.In test in earlier stage, the pollutant in soil declines rapidly, and pollutant removal is obvious; In the later stage, along with the minimizing of pollutant in soil content, the pollutant levels in soil all present slow decreasing trend, then the pollutant in its soil remained unchanged substantially afterwards, had also occurred conditions of streaking.Shown in Fig. 2 (A-C), in humid test, at test early stage (in 7h), three kinds of pollutants 1 under various test temperatures in soil, 2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) content are all fast-descending trend.Wherein, 595.41 ~ 600.21mg/kg when the concentration of 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA) is from on-test in soil is dropped rapidly to 2.92 ~ 44.27mg/kg, and pollutants removal rate has reached 92.62 ~ 99.51%; 795.98 ~ the 809.07mg/kg of the concentration of trichloro-ethylene in soil (TCE) during from on-test is dropped rapidly to 8.60 ~ 109.53mg/kg, and clearance has reached 86.32 ~ 98.92%; 985.97 ~ the 995.85mg/kg of the concentration of tetrachloro-ethylene in soil (PCE) during from on-test is dropped rapidly to 28.59 ~ 162.28mg/kg, and clearance reaches 83.61 ~ 97.10%.After this, the pollutant levels in soil enter the hangover stage, and pollutant levels decline slowly.In 7-24h before off-test, the concentration of 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1, the 2-DCA) 1.97 ~ 24.87mg/kg that only declined in soil, clearance has only increased by 0.33 ~ 4.15%; The concentration of trichloro-ethylene in soil (TCE) has only reduced by 6.61 ~ 43.48mg/kg, and clearance has only increased by 0.83 ~ 5.43%; The concentration of tetrachloro-ethylene in soil (PCE) 19.62 ~ 62.95mg/kg that only declined, clearance has only increased by 1.99 ~ 6.36%.
For pollutant kinds different in different experimental conditions and soil thereof, different, the timing node that its hangover phase occurs and the residual concentration of pollutant in soil have larger difference.The soil moisture is higher, air flux is larger, occurs the time of conditions of streaking more early in soil, and the residual concentration of pollutant in soil is lower.From (A) in Fig. 2-(C), the soil moisture is respectively in 5 DEG C, 10 DEG C and 30 DEG C of situations, in soil 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1, change in concentration flex point 2-DCA) appears at respectively 7h, 5h and 3h, in soil, residual pollutant levels are respectively 44.27 mg/kg, 36.07mg/kg and 11.31 mg/kg, and the residual concentration during to off-test in (24h) soil is respectively 19.40 mg/kg, 3.97mg/kg and 0.95 mg/kg; The change in concentration flex point of trichloro-ethylene in soil (TCE) appears at respectively 7h, 6h and 3h, in soil, residual pollutant levels are respectively 109.53 mg/kg, 77.14mg/kg and 19.10mg/kg, and residual concentration when off-test in (24h) soil is respectively 66.06mg/kg, 28.17mg/kg and 1.99 mg/kg; The change in concentration flex point of tetrachloro-ethylene in soil (PCE) appears at respectively 7h, 6h and 6h, in soil, residual pollutant levels are respectively 162.28mg/kg, 129.76mg/kg and 35.49mg/kg, and residual concentration when off-test in (24h) soil is respectively 99.33mg/kg, 67.04mg/kg and 8.97 mg/kg.
In addition, soil 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), the reparation desired value of trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) is respectively 0.82 mg/kg, 5.19 mg/kg and 22 mg/kg, this value compared with concentration value in Fig. 2 (A-C), 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1 in soil, 2-DCA) concentration, no matter under which kind of temperature conditions, does not reach yet the reparation desired value requirement of this soil within the test period of 24h; Different with 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), under 30 DEG C of conditions, trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) can reach respectively reparation desired value requirement separately within the test period of 8h and 12h.Under different ventilation conditions, change in concentration trend and the substantially synthermal test of Changing Pattern thereof of different pollutants in soil, is shown in Fig. 2 (D-F).
2, the intensifying treatment effect of quick lime to force ventilation technique hangover phase soil.
For understanding the intensifying treatment effect of quick lime to hangover stage pollutant in soil, this experiment utilizes the contaminated soil of 24h test hangover phase in early stage, add therein a certain proportion of quick lime, continue to adopt force ventilation technique, relatively add the situation of change of pollutant in soil concentration after quick lime.The actual conditions such as removal effect and use cost thereof of considering pollutant, generally the addition of quick lime the most very much not can exceed 10%.Experiment is found, in trichloro-ethylene (TCE) contaminated soil, adds 10% quick lime, can cause the more formation of toxic byproduct; In the time that quick lime addition is reduced to 5%, not only there is good removal effect, and do not have noxious material to produce.In view of the foregoing, this test is mainly residual in order further to reduce force ventilation technique pollutant in addition, reduces smearing, and the quick lime adding proportion of determining this experiment is 3%(dry ground mass ratio).Fig. 3 has provided respectively and has added after quick lime the situation of change of 1,2 – dichloroethanes, trichloro-ethylene and tce concentration in soil.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the sharply situation of change of pollutant in soil concentration after adding quick lime in the hangover phase.20 DEG C of ventilation 3L/min, the soil moistures; T=24h adds quick lime (3%, dry ground mass ratio), continues force ventilation technique 8.5h; Stir interval 2 hours, speed of mainshaft 200r/min, stir 10 seconds duration.
As shown in Figure 3, in clay silt and silty clay, add after quick lime, (0.5h) in the short period of time, in soil, the content of three kinds of pollutants has all occurred obviously, has declined fast.Wherein, in silty clay 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) concentration is dropped rapidly to 0.81mg/kg, 2.67mg/kg and 2.45mg/kg from 2.85mg/kg, the 12.30mg/kg and the 34.28mg/kg that add the quick lime initial stage respectively, concentration has now met soil pollutant repairs the requirement of desired value; After 28h, the decline of pollutant in soil concentration eases up, and in soil, the concentration of three kinds of pollutants remains unchanged substantially.In another kind of typical soil, (silty clay) adds intensifying treatment effect after quick lime and the substantially same clay silt of Changing Pattern (Fig. 3) of pollutant in soil concentration thereof, add after quick lime 0.5h, in silty clay 1,2 – dichloroethanes (1,2-DCA), trichloro-ethylene (TCE) and tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) concentration drops to 1.43mg/kg, 5.67mg/kg and 7.45mg/kg from 6.79mg/kg, 28.17mg/kg and 60.28 mg/kg respectively, only has the concentration of tetrachloro-ethylene (PCE) to repair desired value lower than this place soil pollutant.Compared with clay silt, in hangover phase silty clay, the concentration of pollutant is higher, be mainly because: clay content is higher, soil particle is less, the specific area of soil media itself is larger, the functional group that organic pollution is more easily carried by its surface is fixed, thereby increases the possibility that organic pollution is detained in soil.As seen from Figure 2, add a certain amount of quick lime in hangover in phase soil, tool have clear improvement pollutant in soil smearing, shorten repairing efficiency, further reduce the residual strengthening effect of pollutant in soil.This result of the test not only can directly apply to force ventilation renovation technique, effectively solve the Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil causing because of tailing problem residual too high, be difficult to reach the difficult problem that place soil remediation desired value requires, particularly under the extreme unfavorable conditions such as low temperature, high-moisture and clayed soil; Also can be applicable to the various recovery techniques of other similar dystopy volatility organic polluted soils, or coordinate other associated restoration technology, for the further processing of the phase soil low level of contamination of trailing, there is obvious practical application and promotional value.
3, the Analysis on Mechanism of quick lime intensifying treatment effect.
For the origin cause of formation of conditions of streaking in pollutant in soil processing procedure, experiment shows, processing latter stage, in soil, free state pollutant is overflowed substantially, and pollutant in soil content is lower, and residual pollutant is mainly present in soil micropore, mode mainly with trapping state or residual exists, mass transport process is by the diffusion-restricted in micropore space, and pollutant effusion difficulty is now larger, thereby has formed conditions of streaking.For this phenomenon, this experiment is in conjunction with force ventilation renovation technique flow process, quick lime intensive treatment result and may analyze on aspects such as the impacts of above-mentioned phenomenon the reason of quick lime intensifying treatment effect, and its mechanism is carried out to Primary Study:
(1) desorb and the volatilization of the raising soil moisture, promotion pollutant.
The main component of quick lime is that CaO(contains a small amount of MgO), can there is chemical reaction after meeting water in it, generate Ca (OH)
2and Mg (OH)
2, absorb moisture, emit a large amount of heats simultaneously; The Ca (OH) generating
2and Mg (OH)
2in its course of dissolution, also can discharge larger heat.
Fig. 4 adds soil moisture situation schematic diagram over time after quick lime.20 DEG C of ventilation 3L/min, the soil moistures; Stir interval 2 hours, main shaft 200r/min, stir 10 seconds duration.
As seen from Figure 4, in soil, add (3% dry ground mass ratio) after quick lime, can trigger at short notice obvious soil moisture rising phenomenon, in 10min, the maximum temperature of clay silt and silty clay can reach respectively 28.8 DEG C and 25.8 DEG C, and before test, temperature (20 DEG C) improves respectively 9 DEG C and 6 DEG C nearly; Afterwards, the soil moisture is slow decreasing trend, the temperature after 120min before soil moisture Orthogonal Rotational Regressive Tests.Visible, in soil, add quick lime can obviously improve soil temperature, this process is by desorb and the release of residual volatile organic contaminant in the phase soil that is conducive to trail.
Experiment shows, for the organic compound of intermediate molecular weight, 10 DEG C of the every risings of temperature, vapour pressure raises 4 times, research finds that heating soil causes the volatility of trichloro-ethylene (TCE) to increase by 11 ~ 18 times from 20 ~ 100 DEG C, and the diffusion coefficient in empty G&W has increased by 1.3 ~ 1.5 times.Along with the rising of temperature, the diffusion coefficient of material, saturated vapor pressure and Henry'S coefficient all can significantly increase, and the allocation proportion of pollutant in gas phase also becomes greatly, can accelerate the volatilization of pollutant, is conducive to pollutant and removes from soil; In addition, the soil moisture is higher, also more contributes to the organic desorb of ADSORPTION STATE in soil particle, accelerates volatility organic contamination steam-like and forms.In force ventilation renovation technique, strong machinery stirs and ventilation process in addition, more can promote effusion the removal of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutant in soil.Visible, in soil, add quick lime to promote the major reason that the soil moisture, the desorb that promotes pollutant and volatilization are volatile organic contaminant removal effects in strengthening hangover phase soil.
(2) reduce soil moisture content, the mass transfer that improves pollutant and transmittance process.
Repair the later stage in force ventilation, in soil, most of pollutant is removed, and residual pollutant is mainly in solid phase of soil.Under normal circumstances, solid phase of soil surface all has moisture film to cover, and gas, solid phase almost do not have boundary, and remaining pollutant does not directly contact with the gas passing in soil, but diffuses in soil duct by moisture film again, and then discharges with air-flow.Because there is again balance and the molecular diffusion process of pollutant at moisture film and interstices of soil air in this process, its diffusion rate is very slowly.In addition, in the time that soil moisture content is higher, the moisture in soil also can occupy gas diffusion paths, makes the porosity decline of soil, the permeability of reduction soil, affects volatilization and the diffusion of pollutant.Equally also there is the again equilibrium process of pollutant in water in this process, affects remediation efficiency.Namely why there is a major reason of pollutant smearing in the soil remediation later stage in this.Add quick lime in soil after, can make said process improve.
In soil, add after 3% quick lime, the water content of test soil is obvious downward trend, the 18%-21% of the moisture content of clay silt and silty clay during from on-test, the 15%-18% while being reduced to off-test.This be mainly because: quick lime is met water generation chemical reaction, generates Ca (OH)
2with M g (OH)
2, absorbed moisture; Ca (OH)
2with M g (OH)
2continue to absorb moisture, the ion that is decomposed into soluble in water, makes part moisture in soil be subject to thermal evaporation, from soil, overflows.Visible, quick lime can play the effect that reduces soil moisture effectively, increases pollutant mass transport process and diffusion admittance in soil, promotes volatilization and the effusion of volatile organic contaminant gas, is another major reason of improving conditions of streaking.
(3) alligatoring soil particle diameter, increases soil permeability, is beneficial to the migration of contaminant gases.
Quick lime add the quality that can obviously change soil, in soil, add after quick lime, through effects such as carbonating, gel, crystallizations, can change soil grades and chemical substance composition, finally change soil property.
Fig. 5 be the contrast schematic diagram that adds soil particle size distribution curve before and after quick lime (
a,clay silt;
b,silty clay).Wherein, 20 DEG C of ventilation 3L/min, the soil moistures; T=24h adds quick lime (3%, dry ground mass ratio), continues force ventilation technique 8h; Stir interval 2 hours, speed of mainshaft 200r/min, stir 10 seconds duration; The standard method that the assay method of physicochemical property is measured with reference to soil classification test; Pedotheque is preserved in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
Fig. 5 has provided the situation of change that adds quick lime front and back soil particle composition.As seen from the figure, mix after 3% quick lime in silty clay and clay silt, soil particle curve obviously moves to left, and illustrates that obvious variation has occurred in soil particle diameter distribution, causes soil particle alligatoring in various degree.
The particle composition of soil can affect the permeability of soil.Soil particle is thicker, and infiltration coefficient is larger, and soil porosity is larger, and soil permeability can be just better, is more conducive to migration and the diffusion of gas in soil, and after soil particle alligatoring, specific area reduces, and also can weaken the adsorption capacity of soil particle to pollutant.Visible, in soil, add quick lime can impel soil particle alligatoring, increase soil permeability, be beneficial to migration and the diffusion of pollutant in soil gas, be also the main cause of quick lime strengthening repairing effect.
One as present embodiment is improved, to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil for being less than 10%(dry ground mass ratio), the indegree that adds of quick lime is once to add by the total amount of quick lime, or, the total amount of quick lime is divided into the component of multiple quick limes and is divided into repeatedly and adds, add each time the ratio of quick lime component all to equate, or, add the ratio of quick lime component to increase progressively successively, or, add the ratio of quick lime component to successively decrease successively.
To the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil be 2%, 3% or 5%(dry ground mass ratio), the indegree that adds of quick lime is once;
Or, be 2%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 3%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is three times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 5%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is five times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 3%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 3%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio).
Further improve as present embodiment, describedly in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime to have two kinds of modes, a kind of mode is to stop, after disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, adding quick lime, then continues disturbance volatility organic polluted soil; Another kind of mode is in the process of disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, adds quick lime.
Further improve as present embodiment, described disturbance volatility organic polluted soil adopts mechanical soil ventilation technique, described mechanical soil ventilation technique is to utilize to turn over to take off volatility organic polluted soil, forced convertion means of ventilation, the effusion of volatile organic contaminant in reinforced soil, and reach the object of repairing volatility organic polluted soil by collection and the processing of dusty gas.
Also further improve as present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, described mechanical soil ventilation technique is for scientific experiment, first prepare volatility organic polluted soil, again the volatility organic polluted soil preparing is put into the equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil, the described equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil comprises motor 1, the decelerator 2 being connected with described motor 1, stirred tank 5 and handle 6, described decelerator 2 is connected with described stirred tank 5 by the first shaft coupling 3, described motor 1 drives described stirred tank 5 to rotate, described stirred tank 5 outer setting housings 4, on described housing 4, be provided with gas outlet and air inlet, described housing 4 connects described handle 6 by the second shaft coupling 9, described handle 6 drives described housing 4 to overturn, in described housing 4, be provided with the cavity of placing conductive fluid, the top of described housing 4 is provided with renovates, the described opening being provided with for sample and add quick lime at experimentation of renovating, described opening is furnished with seal cover, on described housing 4, be also provided with import and the outlet of described conductive fluid 10, described housing 4 bottoms are provided with temperature sensor 8, described housing 4 arranges on the ground by support 7, between described housing 4 and described support 7, be connected by lock-screw.Described gas outlet is communicated with charcoal absorption treating apparatus by exhaust collection pipe; Described air inlet is communicated with source nitrogen or air-source by air pump; This equipment is by the rotation of stirred tank in apparatus casing, the perturbation process of analog mechanical ventilation equipment, and stirring to volatility organic polluted soil by it, cut and turn over throwing effect, mandatory volatile organic contaminant in soil volatilization is entered in the middle of air, thereby reach the experiment purpose of removing the pollutant in soil; Entering the central volatile organic contaminant of air enters in described charcoal absorption treating apparatus by described gas outlet and exhaust collection pipe, adopt the treatment process of carbon fiber adsorption and catalytic combustion, vacuum desorption, heat accumulating type catalytic combustion, acid mist absorption to process the volatile organic contaminant in charcoal absorption treating apparatus, thereby reach the requirement of discharge.
Further improve again as present embodiment, the process of described preparation volatility organic polluted soil is: soil after first placing 2000g sieve in vinyon cloth, spread out even, evenly add at an upper portion thereof the methyl alcohol hydrotropy liquid 18ml of 400ml high purity water and pollutant, and then the high purity water of soil and 200ml after covering 1000g in the above and sieving, by tight Polypropylence Sheet bag and seal, under 20 DEG C of room temperatures lucifuge homogeneous, after aging 48 hours, use.
Further improve as present embodiment, the described housing for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil equipment adopts stainless steel material to make, in housing, there is inner bag, inner bag is airtight container, the volume of inner bag is 15L, described inner bag disposes temperature control system, and the thermoregulation range of temperature control system is 0-100 DEG C; Described stirred tank is positioned at described inner bag, and the rotating speed of described stirred tank is: 200r/min, and mixing time is 10s, and the mixing chamber interval is 2h, and the ventilation in inner bag is 3 L/min.
Also further improve as present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, described mechanical soil ventilation technique, for site operation engineering, is first dug out volatility organic polluted soil, moves in interim airtight booth, stack slivering buttress with mound machinery again, stir with turner tool timing, and in booth forced ventilation, keep negative pressure, impel volatile organic contaminant volatilization in soil, prevent that dusty gas is excessive; In the time that the pollutant levels in soil reach reparation aimed concn, be reparation terminal, stop stirring; Soil after reparation shifts out in booth, for backfill; The dusty gas volatilizing from soil, extracts out by forced ventilation, uses cyclone dust collectors dedusting after centralized collection, triple effect active carbon adsorption, or with burn method processing, qualified rear qualified discharge.
Further improve again as present embodiment, the length of described interim airtight booth is 180 m, and wide is 60 m, and height is 20 m, and the gross area is 10800m
2; Described force ventilated ventilation 4000m
3/ h; The power of described turner tool is 45kw, and the speed of mainshaft is 200r/min, and gait of march is 50m/h, and day output is 6000m
3/ d, disturbance is spaced apart 2h.
It should be noted last that, above detailed description of the invention is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to example, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. reduce the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in force ventilation renovation technique soil, it is characterized in that: first disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, fully volatilizees the volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; In the time that volatility organic polluted soil enters the reparation hangover phase, detect the concentration of volatile organic contaminant in volatility organic polluted soil; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant exceedes reparation desired value, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, continue disturbance volatility organic polluted soil and strengthen repair process; If the concentration of volatile organic contaminant reaches or lower than repairing desired value, repair completes; The described reparation hangover phase refers to that volatile organic contaminant concentration residual in soil has been reduced to lower level, and concentration decline presents the trend slowly changing.
2. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be less than 10%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the interpolation number of times of quick lime is once to add by the total amount of quick lime, or, the total amount of quick lime is divided into the component of multiple quick limes and is divided into repeatedly and adds, the ratio of adding each time quick lime component all equates, or, the ratio of adding quick lime component increases progressively successively, or, adding the ratio of quick lime component successively decreases successively.
3. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil be 2%, 3% or 5%(dry ground mass ratio), the indegree that adds of quick lime is once;
Or, be 2%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 3%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is three times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 1%(dry ground mass ratio);
Or, be 5%(dry ground mass ratio to the ratio of adding quick lime total amount in volatility organic polluted soil), the indegree that adds of quick lime is five times, adds each time the ratio of quick lime component to be 1%(dry ground mass ratio); Or, the indegree that adds of quick lime is secondary, the ratio that adds for the first time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 3%(dry ground mass ratio) or to add for the first time the ratio of quick lime component be 3%(dry ground mass ratio), the ratio that adds for the second time quick lime component is 2%(dry ground mass ratio).
4. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described have two kinds of modes to adding quick lime in volatility organic polluted soil, a kind of mode is to stop after disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, add quick lime, then continue disturbance volatility organic polluted soil; Another kind of mode is in the process of disturbance volatility organic polluted soil, in volatility organic polluted soil, adds quick lime.
5. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described disturbance volatility organic polluted soil adopts mechanical soil ventilation technique, to utilize to turn over to take off volatility organic polluted soil, forced convertion means of ventilation, the effusion of volatile organic contaminant in reinforced soil, and reach the object of repairing volatility organic polluted soil by collection and the processing of dusty gas.
6. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described mechanical soil ventilation technique is for scientific experiment, first prepare volatility organic polluted soil, again the volatility organic polluted soil preparing is put into the equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil, the described equipment for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil comprises motor, the decelerator being connected with described motor, stirred tank and handle, described decelerator is connected with described stirred tank by the first shaft coupling, described stirred tank outer setting housing, on described housing, be provided with gas outlet and air inlet, described housing connects described handle by the second shaft coupling, described handle drives described housing upset, in described housing, be provided with the cavity of placing conductive fluid, the top of described housing is provided with renovates, the described opening being provided with for sample and add quick lime at experimentation of renovating, described opening is furnished with seal cover, described gas outlet is communicated with charcoal absorption treating apparatus by exhaust collection pipe, described air inlet is communicated with source nitrogen or air-source by air pump, this equipment is by the rotation of stirred tank in apparatus casing, the perturbation process of analog mechanical ventilation equipment, and stirring to volatility organic polluted soil by it, cut and turn over throwing effect, mandatory volatile organic contaminant in soil volatilization is entered in the middle of air, thereby reach the experiment purpose of removing the pollutant in soil, entering the central volatile organic contaminant of air enters in described charcoal absorption treating apparatus by described gas outlet and exhaust collection pipe, adopt the treatment process of carbon fiber adsorption and catalytic combustion, vacuum desorption, heat accumulating type catalytic combustion, acid mist absorption to process the volatile organic contaminant in charcoal absorption treating apparatus, thereby reach the requirement of discharge.
7. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the process of described preparation volatility organic polluted soil is: soil after first placing 2000g sieve in vinyon cloth, spread out even, evenly add at an upper portion thereof the methyl alcohol hydrotropy liquid 18ml of 400ml high purity water and pollutant, and then the high purity water of soil and 200ml after covering 1000g in the above and sieving, by tight Polypropylence Sheet bag and seal, under 20 DEG C of room temperatures lucifuge homogeneous, after aging 48 hours, use.
8. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the described housing for the treatment of volatility organic polluted soil equipment adopts stainless steel material to make, in housing, there is inner bag, inner bag is airtight container, the volume of inner bag is 15L, described inner bag disposes temperature control system, and the thermoregulation range of temperature control system is 0-100 DEG C; Described stirred tank is positioned at described inner bag, and the rotating speed of described stirred tank is: 200r/min, and mixing time is 10s, and the mixing chamber interval is 2h, and the ventilation in inner bag is 3L/min.
9. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described mechanical soil ventilation technique is for site operation engineering, first volatility organic polluted soil is dug out, move in interim airtight booth, then stack slivering buttress with mound machinery, regularly stir with turner tool, and in booth forced ventilation, keep negative pressure, impel volatile organic contaminant volatilization in soil, prevent that dusty gas is excessive; In the time that the pollutant levels in soil reach reparation aimed concn, be reparation terminal, stop stirring; Soil after reparation shifts out in booth, for backfill; The dusty gas volatilizing from soil, extracts out by forced ventilation, uses cyclone dust collectors dedusting after centralized collection, triple effect active carbon adsorption, or with burn method processing, qualified rear qualified discharge.
10. the residual method of volatile organic contaminant in reduction force ventilation renovation technique soil according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the length of described interim airtight booth is 180 m, and wide is 60 m, and height is 20 m, and the gross area is 10800m
2; Described force ventilated ventilation 4000m
3/ h; The power of described turner tool is 45kw, and the speed of mainshaft is 200r/min, and gait of march is 50m/h, and day output is 6000m
3/ d, disturbance is spaced apart 2h.
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