CN103929394B - High-precision frequency offset estimation method based on iteration algorithm - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision frequency offset estimation method based on an iteration algorithm. The innovation point is that under the condition that a channel is low in signal-to-noise ratio, high-precision frequency offset estimation can be performed, and the method mainly includes the following steps that (1), two adjacent training sequences are extracted; (2), two training sequence blocks are used for correlation operation, so that an initial frequency offset estimation value is obtained; (3), the frequency offset estimation value obtained in the last step is used for performing phase compensation on the receipt sequences; (4), the training sequence blocks after phase compensation are summed up in a segmentation mode to obtain new sequences; (5), the new sequences are used for correlation operation, so that a residual frequency offset value is obtained, and the residual frequency offset value is updated; (6), whether segmentation length meets the requirement or not is judged, if yes, the step3 is repeated, and if not, iteration is finished. The two sequence blocks are effectively used for iteration operation, under the condition that pilot frequency cost is not increased, the high-precision frequency offset estimation value is obtained, and meanwhile due to the method, frequency offset estimation performance under the condition of the low signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field:
It is more particularly to a kind of based on repeatedly the invention belongs to wireless communication field, is related to a kind of carrier frequency bias estimation
For the frequency deviation estimating method of algorithm.
Background technology:
In a wireless communication system, with carrier frequency clock there is certain deviation in the local crystal oscillator of receiving terminal, move
In communication system, the presence of Doppler also can be to frequency shift (FS).Only accurately estimating frequency shift (FS) as far as possible could be to receiving
Signal carries out phase compensation, and accurately digital signal is demodulated.The performance of offset estimation will directly affect data recovery
Can, especially in multicarrier modulation system（Such as 0FDM, MC-CDMA）, residual frequency deviation crosses senior general so that multiple signals lose orthogonal
Property, interfere between multi-user.Therefore, it is possible to accurately and simply estimate frequency departure, the collection of letters number is then docked again and is entered
Row compensation, is a key technology of the communications field.
Currently, ask for phase information and obtain offset estimation value for offset estimation is mainly based upon training sequence, to make
Obtain offset estimation more accurate, it is possible to use two pieces of training sequences do fixed length related operation, and this algorithm estimated accuracy is high, but estimates
Meter scope is little.After offset estimation, receiving terminal and transmitting terminal carrier wave basic synchronization.But, traditional frequency excursion algorithm
Mostly there is the threshold value of a signal to noise ratio, be difficult to reach the high signal to noise ratio of comparison in practical application so that the application of these algorithms
It is restricted.
Classical frequency excursion algorithm be carried out related calculation using a training sequence block after by a window function summation,
But because symbol is shorter and it is too little to be spaced estimated accuracy can be caused not high using individualized training sequence blocks.Meanwhile, using phase
Related algorithm does frequency deviation and carefully estimates before and after adjacent training sequence block, although estimated accuracy is high, but estimation range is little, and in low letter
Make an uproar and can also further be improved than lower estimation performance.
The content of the invention:
Present invention aims to the deficiency of prior art, proposes that a kind of estimated accuracy is high, signal-noise ratio threshold is low
Frequency offset estimation technique, reduces the residual frequency deviation during carrier auxiliary.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：The related operation of the length that fixed using two training sequence blocks, obtains one
Individual offset estimation value, phase compensation is carried out using the value to the signal for receiving, then is segmented summation respectively to two sections of training sequences, is obtained
To two new sequences, and carried out related calculation again using new sequence, obtain residual frequency deviation estimated value, be iterated with this.Its
Concrete implementation step is as follows：
1）Receiving terminal extracts reception signal sequence x according to the position of training sequence0Two neighboring training sequence in (n)
Block, respectively T1And T2, training sequence block length is N, T1And T2At intervals of L；
2）Using training sequence T1Nth symbol and T2Nth symbol conjugate multiplication, acquired results summation be added, it is right
Summed result takes phase value, and divided by L, obtains frequency deviation initial estimateAnd set initial count value k=1；
3）Using offset estimation value obtained in the previous step, to sequence x0N () carries out phase compensation, obtain new sequence xk
(n), training sequence block T1And T2It is changed into training sequence block accordingly for T1' and T2′；
4）By training sequence block T1' symbol segmentation summation, section length M=2k, new sequence is obtained for v1M(n), i.e. T1'
Front M symbol summation, is as a result v1M(0), M+1 to the 2M symbol is sued for peace, and is as a result v1M(1), (N-M+1) is to n-th
Symbol summed result is v1M(N/2-1), to training sequence T2' identical process is done, obtain sequence v2M(n)；
5）By sequence v1MThe nth symbol of (n) and sequence v2MThe nth symbol conjugate multiplication of (n), acquired results summation
It is added, phase information is taken to summed result, and divided by L, obtain residual frequency deviation estimated value, then offset estimation value is updated to previous step
Acquisition value is residual frequency deviation with this estimation and is worth；
6）Use T1Length N divided by 2k, whether court verdict meet more than 4, if result adds 1 more than 4, k, and enter
Step 3）If result is less than or equal to 4, and the result that previous step is tried to achieve is the estimated value of frequency deviation.
Further, the step 1）It is middle extract training sequence method be：After frame timing, according to the instruction for pre-setting
Practice the position of sequence, by the reception symbol location training sequence of correspondence position.
Further, described step 1）It is middle training length selection rule be：Two sections of training sequence total length 2N with it is whole
Individual sequence length ratio 2N/ (L+2N) is not less than total length 10%, and no more than 30%, this is because training sequence accounting is less than 10%
When, training sequence is too short, estimates that performance is not good, and when being more than 30%, the performance boost that the expense increase of training sequence brings is very
It is little.
Further, described step 1）The value of described N is chosen as follows：N is 2 integral number power.
Further, described step 2）The computation rule of described frequency deviation initial estimation scope is：Two sections of training sequences
Between frequency deviation caused by phase deviation be less than π, i.e. frequency deviation region
Further, described step 2）The computation rule of middle conjugate multiplication is：By T1First symbol take conjugation again
With T2First symbol be multiplied, T1Second symbol take conjugation again with T2Second symbol be multiplied, until T1N-th
Symbol take conjugation again with T2N-th symbol be multiplied, by all multiplied results summation.
Further, wherein it is described the step of 3）In be to the method for phase compensation：To the original series x for receiving0N () enters
Line phase is compensated, and the frequency deviation value of compensation is the offset estimation value of previous step.
Further, described step 4）In every time training sequence length computation rule is after iteration：First time iteration point
Segment length is 2, and formation sequence length is N/2, and second iteration section length is 4, and formation sequence length is N/4, kth time iteration
Section length be 2k, formation sequence length is N/2k。
Further, described step 5）Frequency deviation estimated value update principle be：The offset estimation value that last time obtains
ForThe offset estimation value that current iteration draws be this generate training sequence estimated value withSum, as：
Further, described step 6）Middle entrance step 3）When step 6）As step 3）Previous step, step 3）In
Phase compensation utilize step 6）In the value that estimates；The step 6）Middle judgement can be according to the following rules：If N/2k>4, enter
Step 3）, using the offset estimation value of current iteration to original series phase compensation, if N/2k≤ 4, then the frequency of current iteration
Partially estimated value is final offset estimation value, and iteration terminates.
The invention has the advantages that：
1）The present invention utilize two training symbol blocks of receiving terminal, due to data break it is big, it is thus possible to reach very high
Estimated accuracy；Due to Combined estimator, therefore its computation complexity need not be carried out much smaller than the amount of calculation of Combined estimator；
2）The present invention is through interative computation several times, compared with traditional training sequence related operation in front and back, offset estimation
Can be significantly improved under low signal-to-noise ratio, signal-noise ratio threshold is low；
3）The present invention can go for the frame comprising individualized training block and multiple training blocks with flexible configuration.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the training sequence figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is specific block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the simulation performance of the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below by combining the drawings and specific embodiments,
The technical method of the present invention is further described.
See figures.1.and.2, the step that implements of the present invention includes：
Step 1：After frame synchronization, according to the position of the training sequence of insertion, two training in reception signal are extracted
Sequence blocks, respectively T1And T2, training sequence length is N, T1And T2At intervals of L, as shown in Figure 1.The value of N and L is by as follows
Rule：
1a) two sections of training sequence total length 2N are not less than total length 10% with whole sequence length ratio 2N/ (L+2N), no
More than 30%, this be because when training sequence accounting is less than 10%, training sequence is too short, estimates that performance is not good, and when being more than 30%,
The performance boost very little that the expense increase of training sequence brings；
1b) value of N is chosen as follows：N is 2 integral number power；
1c) phase deviation is no more than π, i.e. frequency deviation region caused by the frequency deviation between two sections of training sequencesIt is inaccurate more than the scope estimation range.
Step 2：Using T1Nth symbol conjugation and T2Nth symbol be multiplied, acquired results summation be added, to asking
Phase value is taken with result, and divided by L, obtains frequency deviation initial estimateAnd set initial count value k=1.Work as frequency deviation
It is worth for ejwnWhen, then the estimated value for obtaining normalization frequency deviation is：
Wherein, arg () is to take phase operation, x0N () is the initiation sequence for receiving,For initial normalization offset estimation
Value, w be frequency deviation exact value, e0For initial estimation error；
Step 3：Using initial frequency deviation estimated value obtained in the previous step, the signal to receiving carries out phase compensation, obtains new
Sequence xk(n), training sequence block T1And T2It is changed into training sequence block accordingly for T1' and T2′；The method for compensating herein is：With first
Block training sequence is initiating terminal, and 1 is multiplied by first symbol, and second symbol is multiplied byNth symbol is multiplied by
Wherein, Z (n) be white Gaussian noise, xkN () is the sequence of Jing overfrequency offset compensations after kth time iteration.
Step 4：Sequence blocks T obtained after frequency deviation compensation1' and T2' segmentation summation, section length is M=2k, obtain phase
With sequence v of length1MAnd v2M.That is T1' front M symbol directly sue for peace, be as a result v1M(0), M+1 to the 2M symbol is asked
Be as a result v1M(1), (N-M+1) is v to n-th symbol summed result1M(N/2-1), second training sequence block is done
Identical process：
Wherein, K=N/M is integer, is section length, x0(n) be initiation sequence, vMN () is to be segmented the sequence after summation, vM
N () can be merged into：
v1M(n)=CM(w)ejwMn+nv(n)
v2M(n)=ejwLCM(w)ejwMn+nv(n)
Wherein, nvFor zero-mean gaussian white noise
Sound.
Step 5：Using sequence v1MNth symbol conjugation and v2MNth symbol be multiplied, acquired results summation phase
Plus, phase information is taken to summed result, and divided by L, obtain residual frequency deviation estimated value, then offset estimation value is updated to previous step institute
Obtain the residual frequency deviation and value that result is estimated with this：
Step 6：To T1Length N divided by 2k, whether court verdict is met more than 4, if result adds 1 more than 4, k, and
Into step 3）If result is less than or equal to 4, and the result that previous step is tried to achieve is the estimated value of frequency deviation.Court verdict does with 4
The proof of contrast is as follows：Signal compensation is received in docking after first estimation, and the sequence definition that first time frequency deviation is compensated is x1
(n), then：
Wherein：
Can be used as sequence x1The frequency deviation of (n), to x1N () is sampled, obtain new sequence as follows：
N/M1For integer, using the new sequence for obtaining first time iterative estimate is carried out：
Wherein,For residual frequency deviation estimated value, Δ w1For actual residual frequency deviation, it is every to define the frequency deviation for retrieving
The frequency deviation of secondary iteration and：
After an iteration, estimation difference e1ForResidual frequency deviation, after single compensation, be worth it is less, can be with
Effectively suppress phase hit.So e1Mean square error be less than e0.Iterationses increase, and offset estimation value updates once：
And xkAnd vkAlso update simultaneously.
When signal to noise ratio is sufficiently large, the frequency deviation after iteration is sufficiently small, has：
Using above formula approximate formula, the computing formula of Cramér-Rao bound can be obtained：
When signal to noise ratio is sufficiently large meets following condition：
Then：
For M1=2,M2=4,…,Mk=N/4, can be equivalent to following formula：
It is relative to the Cramér-Rao bound ratio of traditional algorithm：
It can be seen that in N/MkValue can be caused minimum when=3, iteration block diagram such as Fig. 3.Therefore, training sequence is longer, can
The exponent number of iteration is bigger.Under optimum iterated conditional, the offset estimation performance obtained using the method for iteration be slightly below carat it is beautiful-
Luo Jie.
The effect of the present invention can be further illustrated by following emulation：
1. simulated conditions
Using QPSK modulation as analogue system, no more than estimation range, channel is white Gaussian noise to the frequency deviation of addition
Channel, and it is zero that channel coefficients obey average, variance is 1 multiple Gauss distribution.The number of times of emulation is 105It is secondary.
2. emulation content and result
Contrasted of the invention with algorithm directly related in front and back, and Cramér-Rao bound is emulated as dotted line is referred to
As a result it is as shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 4, in below 10dB, the offset estimation performance of the present invention is significantly changed signal to noise ratio
It is kind.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) receiving terminal extracts reception signal sequence x according to the position of training sequence0Two neighboring training sequence block in (n), point
Wei not T1And T2, training sequence block length is N, T1And T2At intervals of L；
2) using training sequence block T1Nth symbol and T2Nth symbol conjugate multiplication, acquired results summation be added, to asking
Phase value is taken with result, and divided by L, obtains frequency deviation initial estimateAnd set initial count value k=1；
3) using offset estimation value obtained in the previous step, to sequence x0N () carries out phase compensation, obtain new sequence xk(n), instruction
Practice sequence blocks T1And T2It is changed into training sequence block accordingly for T1' and T2′；
4) by training sequence block T1' symbol segmentation summation, section length M=2k, new sequence is obtained for v1M(n), i.e. T1' front M
Individual symbol summation, is as a result v1M(0), M+1 to the 2M symbol is sued for peace, and is as a result v1M(1), (N-M+1) is accorded with to n-th
Number summed result is v1M(N/2-1), to training sequence block T2' identical process is done, obtain sequence v2M(n)；
5) by sequence v1MThe nth symbol of (n) and sequence v2MN the nth symbol conjugate multiplication of (), acquired results summation is added,
Phase information is taken to summed result, and divided by L, obtains residual frequency deviation estimated value, then offset estimation value is updated to last acquisition
Offset estimation value with this estimation it is residual frequency deviation and value；
6) T is used1Length N divided by 2k, whether court verdict is met more than 4, if result adds 1 more than 4, k, and enters step
3), if result is less than or equal to 4, the result that previous step is tried to achieve is the estimated value of frequency deviation.
2. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 1) in extract training sequence method be：After frame timing, according to the position of the training sequence for pre-setting, by correspondence position
The reception symbol location training sequence put.
3. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 1) in training length selection rule be：Two sections of training sequence total length 2N and whole sequence length ratio 2N/ (L+
2N) it is not less than 10%, no more than 30%.
4. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 1) described in the value of N choose as follows：N is 2 integral number power.
5. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 2) computation rule of frequency deviation initial estimation scope is：Phase deviation is not caused by frequency deviation between two sections of training sequences
It is more than π, i.e. frequency deviation region
6. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 2) in the computation rule of conjugate multiplication be：By T1First symbol take conjugation again with T2First symbol be multiplied, T1
Second symbol take conjugation again with T2Second symbol be multiplied, until T1N-th symbol take conjugation again with T2N-th
Symbol is multiplied, by the summation of all multiplied results.
7. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Wherein
Described step 3) in be to the method for phase compensation：To the original series x for receiving0N () carries out phase compensation, the frequency deviation of compensation
It is worth the offset estimation value for previous step.
8. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 4) in every time training sequence length computation rule is after iteration：First time iteration section length is 2, formation sequence length
For N/2, second iteration section length is 4, and formation sequence length is N/4, and the section length of kth time iteration is 2k, generate sequence
Row length is N/2k。
9. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
The step of 5) frequency deviation estimated value update principle be：The offset estimation value that last time obtains isWhat current iteration drew
Offset estimation value be this generate training sequence estimated value withSum, as：
10. a kind of high accuracy frequency deviation estimating method based on iterative algorithm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The step of stating 6) in enter step 3) when step 6) as step 3) previous step, step 3) in phase compensation utilize step 6)
In the value that estimates；Step 6) in decision rule be：If N/2k>4, into step 3), using the offset estimation of current iteration
It is worth to original series phase compensation, if N/2k≤ 4, then the offset estimation value of current iteration be final offset estimation value, iteration
Terminate.
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| CN105262706B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-08-21 | 西安烽火电子科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method and device of offset estimation and compensation |
| CN105471798B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2019-02-19 | 中科威发半导体（苏州）有限公司 | Ofdm system phase-tracking method based on SIG field and data field pilot weighted |
| CN105743836B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-11-06 | 重庆大学 | Ofdm system frequency deviation estimating method based on multi-path separation |
| CN107786275B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2020-07-24 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Method and device for phase fuzzy processing in optical transmission network |
| CN106254288B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-02-12 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multistage frequency deviation estimating method based on phase difference |
| CN108667522B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | Method and device for realizing phase jump detection and correction |
| CN108494301A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-04 | 北京京大律业知识产权代理有限公司 | A kind of intelligent permanent magnet synchronous motor double closed-loop control system |
| CN110417693B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2022-03-01 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Frequency offset self-adaptive tracking compensation method and device and user equipment |
| CN111181886A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-19 | 普天信息技术有限公司 | Frequency offset estimation method and device |
| CN111371717B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-08-05 | 深圳市力合微电子股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out phase tracking by using symmetric pilot frequency in OFDM modulation |
| CN109862545B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2022-03-18 | 珠海市杰理科技股份有限公司 | Frequency offset compensation method and device of Bluetooth signal, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN111131123B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2022-05-27 | 上海众睿通信科技有限公司 | Method for estimating and compensating uplink sampling frequency offset of low-orbit satellite multi-carrier communication system |
| CN114079607B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-12-12 | 广州海格通信集团股份有限公司 | Frequency offset detection method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN113271279B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-07-05 | 成都爱瑞无线科技有限公司 | High-precision detection method for random access channel of narrow-band Internet of things |
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