CN103927884B - A kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element Download PDFInfo
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- CN103927884B CN103927884B CN201410173171.4A CN201410173171A CN103927884B CN 103927884 B CN103927884 B CN 103927884B CN 201410173171 A CN201410173171 A CN 201410173171A CN 103927884 B CN103927884 B CN 103927884B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer unit and light activated element unit, comprises acceleration transducer unit, light activated element unit, acceleration signal modulate circuit, light activated element cell signal modulate circuit, data acquisition circuit, microprocessor, storage unit, wireless transmitter module; Vehicle travels through pick-up unit, and acceleration transducer is gathered road shock signal and processed by modulate circuit by signal, and meanwhile, light activated element induction illumination variation produces photosignal, and by signal by modulate circuit process; Data acquisition unit, by the signal input microcontroller through modulate circuit process, carries out analytical calculation by microcontroller to data, obtains information of vehicles, and information of vehicles is dumped to storage unit, and sent by wireless transmitter module.Installation and maintenance of the present invention are simple, and little to road damage, improve accuracy of detection, reliability and serviceable life, have volume little, cost is low, the feature that power consumption is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to road traffic detection technique, especially relate to a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element.
Background technology
The detecting sensor type classification used according to traffic detector, can be divided into pressure, acceleration, magnetic field, inductance, ultrasound wave, frequency, photoelectricity, image sensing etc.They detect time that a certain interface vehicle passes through, physical dimension or image by perception, conversion and transmission related physical quantity, and are transferred to computing machine.The physical quantity that these transmit by computing machine is converted to vehicle key element value, as the number of axle, wheelbase, size etc.Current application more widely detecting device has ring coil detector, geomagnetism detecting device, ultrasonic detector and video detector.
It is more that ring coil detector can survey parameter, and its induction sensitivity is adjustable, and the adaptability of use is comparatively large, installs not too complicated, so be widely used at home and abroad.Shortcoming is that coil is subject to surface deformation (sedimentation, crack, stranding move) impact, and therefore its result of use and life-span are subject to the impact of pavement quality very large.When pavement quality is poor, the serviceable life of coil checker generally only has about 2 years.The change of environment and the serviceability of toroidal normal aging on detecting device have larger impact in addition.
Geomagnetism detecting utensil has to be installed easily, not fragile, the advantages such as low price.Shortcoming can not detect slow-moving vehicle, and occur flase drop sometimes, and material is easily aging, sensitivity can decay year by year.
Ultrasonic detector probe can be arranged on runway middle upper part, also can be arranged on trackside.Because ultrasonic detector adopts suspension type to install, this has many advantages compared with road surface embedded type detecting device (as toroid winding).First be do not need to destroy road surface, also not by the impact of surface deformation; Next is long service life, removable, erection convenience.Weak point is that its sensing range is tapered, and by the impact of vehicle, overall height change, accuracy of detection is poor, when particularly wagon flow is seriously crowded; Accuracy of detection is subject to the impact of environment in addition, especially the impact of strong wind, heavy rain etc.; The people that probe below is passed through or thing also can produce reflection wave, cause flase drop.
Vehicle Detection technology based on Computer Vision is a kind of novel vehicle checking method progressively grown up in recent years, it have wireless, can one-time detection multiparameter and the larger feature of sensing range, use flexibly.In addition video detection system easy to loading and unloading, must not destroy road surface, do not affect traffic, existing ring coil detector can be replaced in a lot of occasion.Although video detector has plurality of advantages, but still there is many problems needing to solve: be first that the accuracy of detection of video detector changes, when illumination is good, during as high noon along with the change of light conditions, Detection results is better, otherwise as at dusk, sleety weather is then poor; Next is shadow problem, and shade is the main cause causing Video Detection Algorithm error detection; Being vehicle mutually blocking in road scene again, is also the problem that must consider.
In addition, conventional truck detection technique adopts mostly measures a certain signal to obtain testing result, which results in the existence of false retrieval and the problem such as undetected, as ultrasonic detector, when large car blocks, undetected situation will be there is, simultaneously, single signal detects and also makes vehicle detection be subject to many restrictions of surrounding enviroment, and the vehicle testing techniques that can adapt to different road environment is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element, this device is installed on road surface, and can realize vehicle is detected automatically, the vehicle in travelling is utilized to produce continuous pump by tire road pavement and produce the objective fact of shade on road surface, utilize acceleration transducer and the detection of light activated element realization to vehicle, obtain vehicle count data.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration detecting unit and photosensitive detecting unit, comprises acceleration detecting unit, photosensitive detecting unit, acceleration signal modulate circuit, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, data acquisition circuit, microprocessor, storage unit, wireless transmitter module, acceleration detecting unit is connected with acceleration signal modulate circuit electric signal, and photosensitive detecting unit is connected with photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal, data acquisition circuit respectively with acceleration signal modulate circuit, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal connects, and data acquisition circuit is connected with microprocessor electric signal, microprocessor respectively with storage unit, wireless transmitter module electric signal connects, acceleration detecting unit, photosensitive detecting unit is arranged on the road surface of track central authorities or side, track, and vehicle travels through pick-up unit, and acceleration detecting unit is gathered road shock signal and processed by acceleration signal modulate circuit by signal, meanwhile, photosensitive detecting unit induction illumination variation produces photosignal and by signal by the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, data acquisition unit, by the signal input microprocessor through acceleration signal modulate circuit and the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, carries out analytical calculation by microprocessor to data, carries out following steps:
Step one, first microprocessor analysis photosignal, tentatively judged whether that vehicle passes through; There is meeting the Rule of judgment of vehicle process in the signal sent when photosensitive detecting unit, then this step judged result is "Yes", enters step 3; If there is not the Rule of judgment meeting vehicle process in the signal that photosensitive detecting unit sends, then this step judged result is "No", then need to enter step 2, whether further inspection has vehicle process, so as not to cause because environment illumination intensity is too low undetected;
Step 2, when step one judged result is "No", microprocessor needs the acceleration signal sent according to acceleration detecting unit to judge whether that vehicle passes through further; The individual features information that vehicle causes road shock signal is had in microprocessor, comprise vibration signal intensity and frequency distribution scope, by the signal characteristic information that comparative analysis collects, judged whether vehicle process, if judged result for have vehicle through; enter step 3;
Step 3, the Counter Value that inside is used for car number statistics by microprocessor adds one, and in the specific time, vehicle count information is dumped to storage unit, and sends to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module.
The present invention also has following technical characteristic:
1, described acceleration detecting unit comprises multiple acceleration transducer arranged by certain formation, for detecting the shock wave data that vehicle produces through road surface.
2, described photosensitive detecting unit comprises multiple light sensor, for detect vehicle through time, due to the change of blocking produced light intensity of light.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. the shock detection principle that adopts of the present invention and the mode that combines of optical detection principle obtain vehicle count information.Compared with traditional detection principle, vibration transmission medium is road surface, is not therefore subject to the impact of the factors such as the physical dimension of the weather conditions such as rain, snow, mist and vehicle; And can effectively improve vehicle detection precision in conjunction with the detection of light activated element to driving shade.
2. the device installation method of the present invention's proposition, compared with the installation method of the traditional traffic detector more general with application, is arranged on road surface, is especially installed on the road surface of track central authorities or side, track.This installation and detection mode need not destroy road, also need not set up roof beam structure.Be not vulnerable to vehicle roll, thus improve detecting reliability and serviceable life.
3. the mode that combines with light activated element of acceleration transducer of the present invention, compared with traditional detection sensor, have volume little, cost is low, is easy to install, the features such as power consumption is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structure drawing of device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is job step block diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration detecting unit and photosensitive detecting unit, comprise acceleration detecting unit 1, photosensitive detecting unit 2, acceleration signal modulate circuit 3, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4, data acquisition circuit 6, microprocessor 7, storage unit 8 and wireless transmitter module 5, acceleration detecting unit is connected with acceleration signal modulate circuit electric signal, photosensitive detecting unit is connected with photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal, data acquisition circuit respectively with acceleration signal modulate circuit, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal connects, data acquisition circuit is connected with microprocessor electric signal, microprocessor respectively with storage unit, wireless transmitter module electric signal connects, acceleration detecting unit, photosensitive detecting unit is arranged on the road surface of track central authorities or side, track, vehicle travels through pick-up unit, acceleration detecting unit is gathered road shock signal and is processed by acceleration signal modulate circuit by signal, meanwhile, photosensitive detecting unit induction illumination variation produces photosignal, and by signal by the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, data acquisition unit, by the signal input microprocessor through acceleration signal modulate circuit and the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, carries out analytical calculation by microprocessor to data, carries out following steps:
Step one, first microprocessor analysis photosignal, tentatively judged whether that vehicle passes through; There is meeting the Rule of judgment of vehicle process in the signal sent when photosensitive detecting unit, then this step judged result is "Yes", enters step 3; If there is not the Rule of judgment meeting vehicle process in the signal that photosensitive detecting unit sends, then this step judged result is "No", then need to enter step 2, whether further inspection has vehicle process, so as not to cause because environment illumination intensity is too low undetected;
Step 2, when step one judged result is "No", microprocessor needs the acceleration signal sent according to acceleration detecting unit to judge whether that vehicle passes through further; The individual features information that vehicle causes road shock signal is had in microprocessor, comprise vibration signal intensity and frequency distribution scope, by the signal characteristic information that comparative analysis collects, judged whether vehicle process, if judged result for have vehicle through; enter step 3;
Step 3, the Counter Value that inside is used for car number statistics by microprocessor adds one, and in the specific time, vehicle count information is dumped to storage unit, and sends to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module.
Described acceleration detecting unit comprises multiple acceleration transducer arranged by certain formation, for detecting the shock wave data that vehicle produces through road surface; Described photosensitive detecting unit comprises multiple light sensor, for detect vehicle through time, due to the change of blocking produced light intensity of light.
Embodiment 2
Vehicle checking method of the present invention, comprises step:
1) device initialize.In initialization procedure, microprocessor starts each data-interface; Initial setting up is carried out to acceleration detecting unit, comprises transducer range, data-transmission mode etc.; Read each sensor initial measurement of acceleration detecting unit, read photosensitive detecting unit initial measurement;
2) acceleration detecting unit starts to detect road shock information, and inputs data acquisition unit after being arranged by acceleration signal modulate circuit by the acceleration signal collected; Photosensitive detecting unit detects light activated element surface light strength information, and inputs data acquisition unit after being arranged by light activated element signal conditioning circuit by the voltage signal of generation;
3) data acquisition unit degree of will speed up signal and photosignal carry out analog to digital conversion, and by digital acceleration signal and photosignal input microprocessor;
4) microprocessor analysis photosignal, has tentatively judged whether that vehicle passes through.When vehicle is irradiated to light activated element through blocking light source, light activated element signal there will be respective change, photovoltage reduces, accordingly, if the Rule of judgment meeting vehicle process appears in light activated element signal, namely the amplitude of photosignal drops to the threshold value 0.7V set in microprocessor, and the duration is between 0.2 second to 1.5 seconds, then this step judged result is "Yes", enters step 6).If there is not meeting the Rule of judgment (comprise no signal change and signal intensity ineligible) of vehicle process in light activated element signal, then this step judged result is "No", then need to enter step 5), whether further inspection has vehicle process, so as not to cause because environment illumination intensity is too low undetected;
5) when step 4) judged result is when being "No", microprocessor needs to have judged whether that vehicle passes through further according to acceleration signal.The individual features information that vehicle causes road shock signal is had in microprocessor, comprise vibration signal intensity, frequency distribution scope etc., the road shock signal frequency range that vehicle produces mainly concentrates on 0-100Hz, acceleration transducer detects that the intensity of road shock signal is within the scope of 0-30mg, by the signal characteristic information that comparative analysis collects, can judge whether that vehicle passes through.If judged result for there being vehicle process, then enters step 6), if judged result is not for having vehicle process, then turn back to step 2);
6) Counter Value that inside is used for car number statistics by microprocessor adds one, and in the specific time, vehicle count information is dumped to storage unit, and sends to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module.
Embodiment 3
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration detecting unit and photosensitive detecting unit of the present embodiment, comprises acceleration detecting unit 1, photosensitive detecting unit 2, acceleration signal modulate circuit 3, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4, data acquisition circuit 6, microprocessor 7, storage unit 8 and wireless transmitter module 5.
The present invention specifically implements sample 1:
Acceleration detecting unit 1 adopts the 393B12 acceleration transducer of PCB company, its effect is that induction axletree contacts the road shock caused with road surface by wheel, convert shock wave signal to digital acceleration signal, and this acceleration signal is transferred in acceleration signal modulate circuit 3.Photosensitive detecting unit 2 adopts photoresistance, and its effect is the change in optical signal that sense vehicle causes through blocking light source irradiation, converts change in optical signal to electric signal, and is transferred in photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4.Through the acceleration signal that acceleration signal modulate circuit 3 processes, and through the photosignal that photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4 processes, all input in data acquisition circuit 6.Data acquisition circuit 6 comprises multiple analog to digital converter, and its degree of will speed up signal and light activated element signal carry out analog to digital conversion, and by the digital data transmission that is converted to in microprocessor 7.Microprocessor 7 adopts MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer, and its effect controls sensor and data acquisition unit acquires acceleration information and photosignal data, and process the data collected, and obtains vehicle count information.Microprocessor 7 need process respectively to the unlike signal of two kinds of sensitive element collections, and whether comprehensive descision has vehicle to pass through.Storage unit 8 is responsible for storage microprocessor 7 and is calculated the vehicle count information obtained, and adopts SD card as storage unit 8 in this sample.The vehicle count information that described wireless transmitter module 5 is responsible for microprocessor 7 to calculate is sent by wireless communication means, adopts the chip of application Zigbee wireless communication protocol in this sample.The vehicle count information of acquisition dumps in storage unit 8 by microprocessor 7, and is undertaken sending to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module 5.
Embodiment 4
Acceleration detecting unit 1 adopts the MMA7260 acceleration transducer of Freescale company, its effect is that induction axletree contacts the road shock caused with road surface by wheel, convert shock wave signal to digital acceleration signal, and this acceleration signal is transferred in acceleration signal modulate circuit 3.Photosensitive detecting unit 2 is ccd sensor, and its effect is the change in optical signal that sense vehicle causes through blocking light source irradiation, converts change in optical signal to electric signal, and is transferred in photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4.The acceleration signal processed through acceleration signal modulate circuit 3 and the photosignal processed through photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4, all input in data acquisition circuit 6.Data acquisition circuit 6 comprises some analog to digital converters, and its degree of will speed up signal and light activated element signal carry out analog to digital conversion, and by the digital data transmission that is converted to in microprocessor 7.Microprocessor 7 adopts the ATmega128L single-chip microcomputer of atmel corp, and its effect controls sensor and data acquisition unit acquires acceleration information and photosignal data, and process the data collected, and obtains vehicle count information.Microprocessor 7 need process respectively to the unlike signal of two kinds of sensitive element collections, and whether comprehensive descision has vehicle to pass through.Storage unit 8 is responsible for storage microprocessor 7 and is calculated the vehicle count information obtained, and adopts mmc card as storage unit in this sample.The vehicle count information that described wireless transmitter module 5 is responsible for microprocessor 7 to calculate is sent by wireless communication means, adopts the chip of application WIFI wireless communication protocol in this sample.The vehicle count information of acquisition dumps in storage unit 8 by microcontroller 7, and is undertaken sending to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module 5.
Embodiment 5
Acceleration detecting unit 1 adopts the ADXL345 acceleration transducer of Ya De promise semiconductor company, its effect is that induction axletree contacts the road shock caused with road surface by wheel, convert shock wave signal to digital acceleration signal, and this acceleration signal is transferred in acceleration signal modulate circuit 3.Photosensitive detecting unit 2 adopts photodiode, and its effect is the change in optical signal that sense vehicle causes through blocking light source irradiation, converts change in optical signal to electric signal, and is transferred in photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4.The acceleration signal processed through acceleration signal modulate circuit 3 and the photosignal processed through photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit 4, all input in data acquisition unit 6.Data acquisition unit 6 comprises some analog to digital converters, and its degree of will speed up signal and light activated element signal carry out analog to digital conversion, and by the digital data transmission that is converted to in microcontroller 7.Implement microprocessor 7 and adopt the CC2540 micro-processor kernel of Texas Instruments, its effect controls sensor and data acquisition unit acquires acceleration information and photosignal data, and process the data collected, and obtains vehicle count information.Microprocessor 7 need process respectively to the unlike signal of two kinds of sensitive element collections, and whether comprehensive descision has vehicle to pass through.Storage unit 8 is responsible for storage microprocessor 7 and is calculated the vehicle count information obtained, and adopts CF card as storage unit in this sample.The vehicle count information that described wireless transmitter module 5 is responsible for microprocessor 7 to calculate is sent by wireless communication means, adopts the chip of application bluetooth 4.0 wireless communication protocol in this sample.The vehicle count information of acquisition dumps in storage unit 8 by microprocessor 7, and is undertaken sending to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module 5.
Claims (3)
1. the vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element, comprise acceleration detecting unit, photosensitive detecting unit, acceleration signal modulate circuit, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, data acquisition circuit, microprocessor, storage unit, wireless transmitter module, it is characterized in that: acceleration detecting unit is connected with acceleration signal modulate circuit electric signal, photosensitive detecting unit is connected with photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal, data acquisition circuit respectively with acceleration signal modulate circuit, photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit electric signal connects, data acquisition circuit is connected with microprocessor electric signal, microprocessor respectively with storage unit, wireless transmitter module electric signal connects, acceleration detecting unit, photosensitive detecting unit is arranged on the road surface of track central authorities or side, track, vehicle travels through pick-up unit, acceleration detecting unit is gathered road shock signal and is processed by acceleration signal modulate circuit by signal, meanwhile, photosensitive detecting unit induction illumination variation produces photosignal and by signal by the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, data acquisition unit, by the signal input microprocessor through acceleration signal modulate circuit and the process of photosensitive detection signal modulate circuit, carries out analytical calculation by microprocessor to data, carries out following steps:
Step one, first microprocessor analysis photosignal, tentatively judged whether that vehicle passes through; There is meeting the Rule of judgment of vehicle process in the signal sent when photosensitive detecting unit, then this step judged result is "Yes", enters step 3; If there is not the Rule of judgment meeting vehicle process in the signal that photosensitive detecting unit sends, then this step judged result is "No", then need to enter step 2, whether further inspection has vehicle process, so as not to cause because environment illumination intensity is too low undetected;
Step 2, when step one judged result is "No", microprocessor needs the acceleration signal sent according to acceleration detecting unit to judge whether that vehicle passes through further; The individual features information that vehicle causes road shock signal is had in microprocessor, comprise vibration signal intensity and frequency distribution scope, by the signal characteristic information that comparative analysis collects, judged whether vehicle process, if judged result for have vehicle through; enter step 3;
Step 3, the Counter Value that inside is used for car number statistics by microprocessor adds one, and in the specific time, vehicle count information is dumped to storage unit, and sends to receiving terminal by wireless transmitter module.
2. a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described acceleration detecting unit comprises multiple acceleration transducer arranged by certain formation, for detecting the shock wave data that vehicle produces through road surface.
3. a kind of vehicle detection apparatus based on acceleration transducer and light activated element according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photosensitive detecting unit comprises multiple light sensor, for detect vehicle through time, due to the change of blocking produced light intensity of light.
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| CN109215352A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 南京理工大学 | One kind being based on acceleration transducer vehicle detection apparatus and method |
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