CN103927838A - Smoke thermal imaging fire automatic positioning detection system and method - Google Patents

Smoke thermal imaging fire automatic positioning detection system and method Download PDF

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CN103927838A
CN103927838A CN201410163501.1A CN201410163501A CN103927838A CN 103927838 A CN103927838 A CN 103927838A CN 201410163501 A CN201410163501 A CN 201410163501A CN 103927838 A CN103927838 A CN 103927838A
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fire
thermal imaging
video
imaging system
alarm
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CN103927838B (en
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张永明
贾阳
袁洁
袁伟
方俊
王进军
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Abstract

The invention provides a smoke thermal imaging fire automatic positioning detection system and method. All photoelectric smoke detectors are encoded through an encoder, the position serial number of each detector is made to correspond to a thermal imaging view field, and thus the specific position of a fire can be determined. A thermal imager is used for monitoring the field, the fire behavior can be discovered earlier compared with a common video detector, and the system and method are particularly suitable for hazardous places such as aircraft cargo spaces, nuclear power stations and high voltage transformer substations where people cannot enter easily. When a smoke alarm gives out a fire alarm, at the moment, if no excessive heat video areas are captured by the thermal imager, the fire alarm can be removed, and accordingly loss caused by a fake fire alarm can be lowered. The multi-working mode and multi-interface design is adopted, the practicability can be improved, and equipment transformation in the later period is facilitated. Smoke signal detection and thermal image detection are combined, an intelligent information processing method is used for detecting and positioning fires, and accordingly the intelligence of fire fighting equipment is promoted. The place where the smoke alarm has already been mounted can be upgraded and reconstructed, and the robustness of a detection result can also be improved.

Description

The automatic coordinate detection system and method for a kind of smog thermal imaging fire
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire disaster intelligently safety monitoring technical field, relate in particular to fire hazard aerosol fog detection, Image Fire Detection Technology research, hazardous location fire hazard monitoring technical field, be specifically related to the automatic coordinate detection system and method for a kind of smog thermal imaging fire.
Background technology
Most fire all can discharge a large amount of smog while occurring, and smoke particle is one of early stage key character of fire, thereby Smoke Detection can more early be found fire.Smog fire-alarm has been widely used in the places such as aircraft cabin, public place of entertainment, server room, transformer station now.In order to ensure safety, in hazardous area, the sensitivity of alarm is conventionally all higher, and most fire alarms are all false alarm of fire signals.For places such as server rooms, if the fire alarm of sending only needs related personnel to check and take corresponding measure to scene.If but aircraft hold sends fire alarm in flight course, crew cannot enter people's cargo hold, cannot judge the true and false of cargo hold fire alarm, even false fire alarm also can force the improper scheduling of the unit landing of making a return voyage, during emergency escape, may cause personal damage, airliner delay, causes the heavy losses of property to airline.
Use at present more photoelectric smoke fire detector, produce the underlying cause of false fire alarm and be that optical detector of fire smoke is a particle detector in essence, can only survey the smoke particle that particle diameter is larger, the invisible cigarette that particle diameter is less than to 0.4um does not respond, it is smoke particle that optical detector of fire smoke itself cannot be distinguished what enter sensor detecting chamber actually, or aerosol granule interference source: such as dust, fog, moisture, little oil droplet, the particle that aircraft dispatch goods produces is such as fresh flower pollen particles, chick, the floss of pigeon etc., as long as the particle concentration in detecting chamber reaches a certain amount of, make detector Infrared produce enough reflections and scattering, cause photocurrent in photoelectric tube to increase, smoke detector will apprehensive false alarm of fire signal.Although can ensure fire, must report, keep higher sensitivity, in more dangerous environment, if people cannot confirm, false alarm also can bring about great losses.
" a kind of image-type smog fire detector (201220236065.2) " of public announcement of a patent application, it utilizes imageing sensor, catch the video image in fire monitoring region, by signal processing chip, the video of catching is analyzed to judge in video image, whether there is smog afterwards.At during Initial Stage of Fire, flue gas concentration is lower, accurately extracts smog image difficulty larger in video image, must carry out effective smog image and processes at the smokescope Shi Caineng that acquires a certain degree.
" smoke detector (CN01233983) with video monitor function " of public announcement of a patent application, it integrates sense cigarette device and camera, by camera, further confirm the condition of a fire knowing in fire alarm situation, or observe on-the-spot image information, decisions and arrangements are quickly rescued, but the effective monitoring scope of smoke detector and the monitoring range of camera have larger difference, if it is few that this equipment is installed, cannot effectively carry out smoke detection, install more, multi-cam can cause the wasting of resources again, increases construction cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for existing fire smog detector, easily because of the damnous deficiency of spurious alarm, the hazardous area that is difficult to arrive for personnel provides a kind of smog thermal imaging fire automatic coordinate detection system and method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The automatic coordinate detection system of smog thermal imaging fire, comprises a thermal imaging system, one group of photoelectric smoke detector, and a digital signal processing unit, comprises signal input, and signal is processed, and signal is exported three parts.Main photoelectric smoke detector and the thermal imaging system of relying on of detection part of system, the Real-Time Monitoring that the video of thermal imaging system output can carry out search coverage shows.The equal incoming digital signal processor of vision signal that the electric signal of photoelectric smoke detector output and thermal imaging system are caught, in processor, smoke signal and vision signal are processed respectively, the warning message after processing can be exported with the form of sound, serial data, video flowing.Be characterised in that:
Described thermal imaging system, exports pseudo-coloured silk or gray scale heat picture, and the color distribution of image represents the Temperature Distribution in visual field;
The stimulus part of described digital signal processing unit comprises several video interfaces, video encoder, a keyboard;
The signal processing of described digital signal processing unit comprises a digital signal processor (TMS320DM642), can process in real time multi-path digital input data, and four road video datas, have multi-channel serial port output;
The segment signal output of described digital signal processing unit comprises a Video Decoder, a hummer, multi-channel serial port output, a LCDs;
Described system has two kinds of operational modes, and the first relies on merely smoke detector to carry out detection, and thermal imaging system shows in real time; The second relies on smoke detector and thermal imaging system to survey simultaneously, and the Digital Image Processing result that merges smog alarm signal and thermal imaging system is carried out fire alarm;
The output of detector is the thermal imaging system video flowing being presented on liquid crystal display, also can select a sound, serial data reports to the police, and with which kind of form, can arrange by button.
Fire hazard aerosol fog coordinate detection method based on said apparatus of the present invention, detects and exists after smoke signal, and system is carried out following steps:
(1) whether, when operating under the pattern of single dependence smog alarm, utilizing photoelectric mist detection method of the prior art to detect has fire.It is characterized in that, for the place that smoke alarm is installed, only smog alarm signal need to be accessed to signal input unit by serial ports, in the thermal imaging system monitored picture on LCD (LCDs), there will be corresponding fire alarm signal language; For the place that smoke detector is not installed, the photoelectric smoke detector of installation is encoded, make the monitored picture region of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system form correspondence.When breaking out of fire, the detectable signal of photoelectric smoke detector is connected to the scrambler of load module, the region of coding result sign breaking out of fire, and there is red square frame in corresponding region in the thermal imaging system output video of output, delineation fire location;
(2) when operating under the pattern of smog and thermal imagery combination, scrambler Dui Ge road photoelectric smoke detector is encoded, and makes the monitored picture region of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system form correspondence.When breaking out of fire, the detectable signal of photoelectric smoke detector is connected to the scrambler of load module, the region of coding result sign breaking out of fire, and there is red square frame in corresponding region in the thermal imaging system output video of output.Meanwhile, the video that thermal imaging system is caught is connected to the video input interface of signal input unit, and the data stream of process Video coding enters digital signal processor and processes, and by figure image intensifying, temperature calibration and color of image analysis of spectrum, obtain vision area temperature analysis result.Utilize data and the temperature analysis result of photoelectric mist alarm comprehensively to judge, determine that whether fire occurs, and provides alarming result.
The invention provides a kind of detection locating device that integrates traditional smoke detection and thermal imagery detection.The present invention has two kinds of mode of operations, can carry out further upgrading to the place of smoke alarm is installed, and after sending smog alarm, can, by thermal imagery in liquid crystal screen display, be confirmed whether really to have fire to occur; Under the pattern that smog and thermal imagery work simultaneously if be operated in, the result of detection of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imagery result of detection can be merged, improve the robustness of result of detection.The present invention can locate the particular location that fire occurs, adopt scrambler to encode to all photoelectric smoke detectors, detector position numbering and thermal imagery visual field are carried out to correspondence, when smoke alarm is reported to the police, the information obtaining by scrambler can roughly be determined the position of fire, and highlight regions in thermal imaging system can show the particular location of fire.The invention provides multi-video interface, multichannel smoke detector input interface, multiple output mode is selected, and can to fire monitoring system, upgrade in the later stage.
The present invention also can bring certain good effect: because system is provided with, only rely on Smoke Detection and the smog thermal imagery two kinds of models that combine, make the place that smoke alarm is installed also can use thermal imaging system to carry out the further confirmation of fire alarm simultaneously, especially be applicable to the hazardous areas such as aircraft hold, refinery, high-tension electricity transformer station, as in aircraft hold, if smoke alarm sends fire alarm, if the cargo hold video that now thermal imaging system is passed back there is no high thermal region, just can remove fire alarm, further reduce the loss that false alarm of fire causes.Due to two kinds of patterns of the present invention, many Interface design, the practicality of the design of raising, is beneficial to post facility transformation.In signal processing, smoke signal is detected and thermal imagery detection combination, use intelligent information processing method to carry out detection, promote the intellectuality of fire fighting equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the automatic coordinate detection system construction drawing of a kind of smog thermal imaging fire.Wherein A is data input unit, and B is data processing section, and C is data output unit.
Fig. 2 (a), Fig. 2 (b) are signal processing unit schematic appearance.
Fig. 3 is mounting arrangement and the localization method schematic diagram of equipment.
Fig. 4 is the equipment operational flow diagram that only relies on photoelectric mist to survey.
Fig. 5 is that smog and thermal imagery are surveyed the equipment operational flow diagram under binding pattern.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Concrete structure referring to this device of Fig. 1 is as follows:
Smog thermal imagery fire locating detector is comprised of data acquisition unit and signal processing unit two major parts.Part of data acquisition consists of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system; Signal processing unit is by data input unit A, data processing section B, and data output unit C forms.Data input unit comprises that smoke detection signal input interface, video interface, digital encoder, video encoder form; Data processing section is mainly digital signal processor TMS320DM642; Data output unit consists of Video Decoder, hummer, LCD, various interface.Between photoelectric smoke detector, thermal imaging system, signal processing unit, by wire, connect.Signal processing unit is designed to a circuit board, is provided with a power interface, some roads serial line interface, four road video interfaces.Power interface is connected with power supply; Serial line interface is connected with photoelectric smoke detector, hummer or other serial data alarms; Video interface access thermal imaging system video flowing, outputs to LCD by the video after processing.
Fig. 2 is signal processing unit outward appearance.2 (a) are host housing front appearance, and 2 (b) are host housing back appearance.The 201st, host housing, front portion panel 2 (a) consists of 202,203,204,205 4 parts, and the 202nd, system information display screen, the information such as display system state, mode of operation, fault alarm; The 203rd, output is selected, and the warning that can select a sound, transmission information are reported to the police, video alarm, and three kinds of patterns are multiple response type; The 204th, host switch button; The 205th, operational mode is selected, can menu photoelectric mist detection mode and smog thermal imagery binding pattern.The 206th, back panel; 207 is video interface; 208 is serial line interface; 209 is power interface.
Fig. 3 is mounting arrangement and the localization method schematic diagram of equipment.301-1,301-2,301-3 is three photoelectric smoke detectors; 302 is thermal imaging system; 303 is digital signal processing unit; 304-1,304-2,304-3 is the region of photoelectric smoke detector correspondence in LCD visual field; 305 is LCD; The 306th, the demonstration of fire occurrence positions on 305.According to the protection domain of photoelectric smoke detector, arrange detector, be installed on top, place, thermal imaging system is installed on top place, place, and guarded region is all included in field range.In 208 serial ports of photoelectric smoke detector 301 access Fig. 2 (b), 207 video interfaces of video access Fig. 2 (b) of thermal imaging system, hummer is connected to 208 serial ports of Fig. 2 (b), and 207 video interfaces that LCD is connected to Fig. 2 (b) carry out video demonstration.301 smoke detectors respectively with thermal imaging system visual field in 304-1,304-2,304-3 region is corresponding, when breaking out of fire, shows fire location 306 on 305.
Fig. 4 is the equipment operational flow diagram that only relies on photoelectric mist to survey.Whether when operating under the pattern of single dependence smog alarm, utilizing photoelectric mist detection method of the prior art to detect has fire.Smog alarm signal is accessed to signal input unit by serial ports, in the thermal imaging system monitored picture on liquid crystal display, can show corresponding fire alarm signal language.
Fig. 5 is that smog and thermal imagery are surveyed the equipment operational flow diagram under binding pattern.When operating under the pattern of smog and thermal imagery combination, scrambler Dui Ge road photoelectric smoke detector is encoded, and makes the monitored picture region of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system form correspondence.When breaking out of fire, the detectable signal of photoelectric smoke detector is connected to the scrambler of load module, the region of coding result sign breaking out of fire, and there is red square frame in corresponding region in thermal imaging system output video.Meanwhile, the video that thermal imaging system is caught is connected to the video input interface of signal input unit, and the data stream of process Video coding enters digital signal processor and processes, and by figure image intensifying, temperature calibration and color of image analysis of spectrum, obtain vision area temperature analysis result.Utilize data and the temperature analysis result of photoelectric mist alarm comprehensively to judge, determine that whether fire occurs, and provides alarming result.
In system, the concrete processing procedure of signal is as follows:
Optical detector of fire smoke signal: when operating under the pattern of only using smog alarm, the alerting signal access data processor of smoke detector, triggers thermal imaging system display alarm information on LCD, and can select a sound warning and serial ports send information and report to the police simultaneously.
Thermal imaging system signal: signal enters video encoder and encodes, signal after coding enters data processing section, by corresponding algorithm, obtain the information that whether has high-temperature area in visual field, the information of this information and photoelectric smoke detector is merged, finally make the judgement that whether has fire to occur.If have fire to occur, carry out fire locating warning by the coding of smoke alarm and the high thermal region position in visual field.
Practical application is exemplified below:
The present invention considers erecting stage actual conditions, has designed two kinds of mode of operations, upgrades in the place that had both been applicable to have installed smoke detector, and install in the place that is also applicable to not install fire detector.1. hardware installation and system made: photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system are arranged on the ceiling of construction site according to Fig. 3 example, then the video line that utilizes signal transmssion line respectively smoke detector and thermal imaging system to be connected to 208 and 207, the LCD of Fig. 2 (b) is also connected to the video interface of output.Apparatus of the present invention also can with linkage extinguishing system cascade, form intelligent fire-pretection system.2. device initialization: after system starts, the initialization that all parts are carried out, each equipment self-inspection of system, if break down, Fig. 2 (a) 202 on show failure message.First select mode of operation and alarm form.While selecting smog thermal imagery mode of operation, all smoke detectors of access are encoded, and the field of view of thermal imaging system division formation is corresponding, then supervisory system is started working.3. the device course of work: when information process unit detects scene and has fire, send warning message and on LCD by conflagration area delineation, the form of warning message is selected by user.When smoke alarm detects smog, think largely breaking out of fire, notify related personnel to check thermal imaging system monitor message, if really there is high thermal region at alarm region, can determine the generation of fire, take appropriate measures and put out a fire.The appearance of smog conventionally early, has been accompanied by fiery source temperature far above indoor temperature everywhere under normal circumstances this moment, according to this feature, also can further judge whether that fire occurs.4. fire detection location algorithm: each photoelectric mist alarm has a fixed address, after access digital encoder, generate a group alarm device coding, the region of each coding and thermal imaging system visual field forms correspondence, as 301-1 in Fig. 3,301-2,301-3 and 304-1,304-2, shown in 304-3.If the smokescope that smoke alarm 301-2 detects surpasses alarm threshold value, showing may breaking out of fire in 304-2 region.The vision signal that simultaneously thermal imaging system is caught, through Video coding, is sent in signal processor TMS320DM642, first with gaussian filtering to image denoising, by histogram equalization method, image is strengthened.The video of exporting due to thermal imaging system has reflected the Temperature Distribution in scene, has a kind of mapping relations between C&T.To Image Segmentation Using, if color region corresponding to high thermal region also appears in photoelectric mist alarm region, can determine breaking out of fire herein, warning message and fire location information exchange are crossed to serial ports and send, and on LCD, show red frame delineation conflagration area.

Claims (4)

1. the automatic coordinate detection system of smog thermal imaging fire, is characterized in that: comprise a thermal imaging system, one group of photoelectric smoke detector, a digital signal processing unit, digital signal processing unit comprises signal input, and signal is processed, and signal is exported three parts; Main photoelectric smoke detector and the thermal imaging system of relying on of detection part of system, the Real-Time Monitoring that the video of thermal imaging system output can carry out search coverage shows; The equal incoming digital signal processing unit of vision signal that the electric signal of photoelectric smoke detector output and thermal imaging system are caught, in digital signal processing unit, smoke signal and vision signal are processed respectively, the warning message after processing can be exported with the form of sound, serial data, video flowing;
Described thermal imaging system, heat outputting image, can be pseudo-coloured silk or gray level image, the color distribution of image represents the Temperature Distribution in visual field;
The stimulus part of described digital signal processing unit comprises a multiplex coding device, several video interface, video encoder SAA7121H, and button;
The signal processing of described digital signal processing unit comprises digital signal processor TMS320DM642, can process in real time multi-path digital input data and video data;
The segment signal output of described digital signal processing unit comprises a Video Decoder SAA7113H, a hummer, multi-channel serial port output, a LCD;
System has two kinds of operational modes, and the first relies on merely smoke detector to carry out detection, and thermal imaging system shows in real time; The second relies on smoke detector and thermal imaging system to carry out Detection location simultaneously, and the digital image information that merges smog alarm information and thermal imaging system carries out detection and location;
The output of system is the thermal imagery video flowing being presented on LCD, also can select a sound and/or serial data warning simultaneously, with which kind of form, reports to the police and can arrange by button.
2. the automatic coordinate detection method of smog thermal imaging fire, is characterized in that: the method detects and exists after smoke signal based on system claimed in claim 1, and system adopts following steps to carry out detection and location:
(1) when system operates under the pattern of single dependence smog alarm, utilize photoelectric mist detection method of the prior art to detect and whether have fire, for the place that smoke alarm is installed, only smog alarm signal need to be accessed to signal input unit by serial ports, in thermal imaging system monitored picture during breaking out of fire on liquid crystal display, there will be corresponding fire alarm signal language; For the place that smoke detector is not installed, the photoelectric smoke detector of installation is encoded, make the monitored picture region of photoelectric smoke detector and thermal imaging system form correspondence; When breaking out of fire, the detectable signal of photoelectric smoke detector is connected to the corresponding interface of scrambler, the region of coding result sign breaking out of fire, and there is red square frame in the video respective regions of exporting at thermal imaging system, delineation fire location;
(2) when system operates under the pattern of smog and thermal imagery combination, the detectable signal of photoelectric smoke detector is connected to the corresponding interface of scrambler, the region of coding result sign breaking out of fire, there is red square frame in corresponding region in the thermal imaging system output video of output; Simultaneously, the video that thermal imaging system is caught is connected to the video input interface of signal input unit, and the data stream of process Video coding enters digital signal processing unit and processes, by figure image intensifying, temperature calibration and color of image analysis of spectrum, obtain vision area temperature pattern analysis result; Utilize data and the graphical analysis result of photoelectric mist alarm comprehensively to judge, determine that whether fire occurs, and provides alarming result.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method adopts scrambler to encode to all photoelectric smoke detectors, detector position numbering and thermal imagery visual field are carried out to correspondence, when smoke alarm is reported to the police, the information obtaining by scrambler can roughly be determined the position of fire.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: multi-channel video interface is provided, and multichannel smoke detector input interface, multiple output mode is selected, and conveniently carries out afterwards system upgrade transformation.
CN201410163501.1A 2014-04-22 2014-04-22 The automatic coordinate detection system and method for a kind of smog thermal imaging fire Expired - Fee Related CN103927838B (en)

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