CN103927633A - Thing information traceability system and method with relevance perception - Google Patents
Thing information traceability system and method with relevance perception Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thing information traceability system and method with relevance perception. According to the method, an information server receives RFID original data processed by middleware through a capturing interface; in combination with logical processing, RFID data are formed and stored in an information database; RFID mapping data are disseminated on a discovery server through a registration interface; sharing inquiry of the RFID data is open toward application through an inquiry interface; dissemination of the RFID mapping data of the information server is received by the discovery server through the registration interface; through relevance analysis, the RFID mapping data are stored in a mapping database; RFID mapping data sharing among different discovery servers is provided through a communication interface; inquiry of the RFID mapping data is open toward the application through the inquiry interface. On the basis that due to changes of combination, or splitting and other inclusion relations among things, the RFID data generate a dynamic state correlation, completeness of a traceability inquiry result is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of the computer network, be specifically related to a kind of Item Information traceability system and method with relevance perception.
Background technology
Can ISO (International Standards Organization) GS1 have provided a clear and definite definition to trackability (Traceability), by identification record, come history, position and other applicable cases of article of inquiring and authenticating.Hence one can see that, and the key problem that the service of reviewing is paid close attention to the most comprises 2 points, how to identify article and how to search corresponding identification record data.
Radio frequency identification technology (Radio-frequency identification, RFID) is a kind of like this robotization sign and data acquisition technology without directly contact just, can be used to follow the trail of and localizing objects object.Its principal feature is:
1) for unique identification problem: adopt RFID technology as article mark means, compare with traditional bar code, two-dimensional bar code, maximum advantage is no more than can automatically being identified destination object and be obtained related data by radio frequency signal, and whole identifying is substantially without manual intervention.
2) for identification record, search problem: can select the pattern based on " data-on-tag ", identification record is directly stored in RFID label; Also can select the pattern based on " data-on-network ", identification record is stored in network, then by the mapping relations between RFID sign and the network storage address routing hints as search.
Therefore, RFID technology has been subject to showing great attention to of academia and industrial community in recent years, be widely used in many applications such as logistics management, foodstuff traceability, fake certification, product recalls, can be for realizing the Ubiquitous Network of item tracing and location in global range thereby formed one.
At present, based on RFID technology, provide the system of the service of reviewing, mainly comprise the EPCglobal network that EPCglobal tissue proposes, DIALOG system, and ePedigree system etc.But existing scheme generally lacks the consideration to relevance between RFID data, cause the service quality (integrality) of reviewing to be affected.The weak point of existing program is the containing relevance between RFID data to lack and pay attention to, and only will contain the basis of relevance as a kind of RFID data compression, and in the process of reviewing, does not have to consider to add to containing the analysis of relevance.If this just causes query function to relate to the relevance between data, existing scheme just cannot guarantee the integrality of Query Result.
As shown in Figure 1, with the Drug Administration based on RFID technology, be applied as example.The complete life cycle of medicine comprises " producing-transportation-sell-use " four-stage.Suppose each participant of supply chain, from manufacturer, large retail trader, little retail trader, retailer to buyer's information data of independent maintenance oneself all.RFID label adopts EPC coding, and single product (item) itself and the chest (case), the container pallet (pallet) that carry single product will be sticked respectively different RFID labels.Single product (being designated SGTIN1) are at <L1, T2> is first loaded into a chest (being designated SSCC1), then chest is at <L2, and T4> is placed on container pallet and (is designated SSCC2).When article are changed hands to small-sized retail trader from large-scale retail trader, experienced again the encapsulation of another container pallet (being designated SSCC3).Final single product are sold to common buyer.Like this, RFID data may be dispersed in a plurality of different servers and store, and will have dynamic containing relevance between label.For domestic consumer, and do not know combination and the split process of article process in supply chain.
Such as Drug Administration, mechanism receives reports, although find that the medicine that single product are designated SGTIN1 not yet surpasses the term of validity, the rotten drug effect that loses.By analysis, the rotten most probable reason of medicine is there is no in transit to guarantee to leave in all the time the low temperature environment of 2～10 ℃., there is similar problem in the hope of avoiding in transportation from now in the particular location and the responsible person concerned that in order to navigate to rotten situation, occur, just need to review the temperature data when each logistics warehouse storage in inquiry drug delivery process again.If medicine is all to pack the unified transportation of high-capacity container into, each warehouse has all retained the historical record of container.The associated item information data of so only inquiry sign SGTIN1, just cannot solve this actual demand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, providing a kind of has the Item Information traceability system of relevance perception and reviews accordingly querying method, change and cause RFID data to produce on the basis dynamically associating taking into full account between article the containment relationships such as combination or fractionation, guarantee the integrality of reviewing Query Result.In the situation that user only inputs single product sign, not only return to the relative article information of this sign, can also return to the information of container that temporal feature all occurred to have with these article.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
An Item Information traceability system with relevance perception, it comprises at least one discovery server and at least one information service system;
Described discovery server comprises:
Registration interface, is connected to receive the issue of RFID mapping (enum) data with the information server in described information service system;
Query interface, opens to carry out the inquiry of RFID mapping (enum) data to application program;
Query processing module, for the treatment of the inquiry request for RFID sign;
Correlation analysis module, for analyzing the containment relationship that may exist between the mapping (enum) data of article RFID sign, carries out correlation analysis;
Mapping database, for storing the article RFID identify label that obtains through correlation analysis and the mapping relations between the information server address designation of stores information;
Described information service system comprises:
Reader, identifies for obtain the article identity that RFID label carries by twireless radio-frequency communication mode;
Middleware, carries out pre-service for the original RFID data that reader is obtained, and forms the RFID event with certain semanteme;
Information server, comprising: registration interface, is connected to carry out the registration issue of RFID mapping (enum) data with the registration interface of described discovery server; Catch interface, be connected to receive the RFID sign that it is uploaded with middleware; Query interface, opens to carry out the shared inquiry of RFID identification data to application program; Information database, for storing the RFID identification data after middleware processes.
Further, described discovery server also comprises communication interface, to other discovery servers, opens, and the mapping (enum) data carrying out between discovery server is shared.
Further, described discovery server also comprises filtering module, for utilizing time attribute information to filter described correlation analysis, avoids information redundancy.
Further, the pre-service that described reader carries out original RFID data comprises filtration treatment, duplicate removal processing.
An Item Information retroactive method with relevance perception that adopts said system, its step comprises:
1) the RFID logout that information owner has to discovery server registration is announced corresponding security strategy simultaneously;
2) inquiry request person initiates the inquiry request for RFID sign to described discovery server, submits identity powers and functions voucher to simultaneously;
3) retrieval of described discovery server is with step 2) described RFID is designated the map record of key word, and carry out correlation analysis, search the map record that this RFID identifies associated container identification;
4) whether described discovery server check inquiry identifies corresponding information data to described RFID and has legal access rights; If the validated user of authorizing returns to addressable relative address list to inquiry request person, otherwise refusal provides service or directly abandons inquiry request;
5) according to step 4) the described address list that obtains, all information servers that inquiry request person is corresponding with address also establish a communications link, and submit respectively identity powers and functions voucher to described all information servers simultaneously;
6) after all information server authentications are passed through, the information data that RFID is identified to associated article returns to inquiry request person.
The present invention proposes a kind of new traceability system framework, comprise RFID label, reader, middleware, information service, lookup service and application; Set up the data structure of tracing information, comprised the identification record of storing in the raw readings, information server of reader and inquire about required map record etc.; Propose a kind of improved lookup service model (directory service model), added correlation analysis module and the redundant data filtering module of RFID data; And review accordingly search algorithm: according to single product sign of user's input, return to the relative article information of this sign, and the information that the container article of temporal feature all occurred to have with these article.Compared with prior art, the present invention, in the situation that user only inputs single product sign, not only returns to the relative article information of this sign, can also return to the information of container that temporal feature all occurred to have with these article; When guaranteeing Query Result integrality, also guarantee its accuracy, by time attribute, filter, avoid redundancy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Drug Administration application schematic diagram based on RFID technology;
Fig. 2 is the traceability system Organization Chart with relevance perception;
Fig. 3 is the data structure exemplary plot of tracing information;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram with the retroactive method of relevance perception;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of reviewing inquiry that adds correlation analysis.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention will be further described.
1. the framework of traceability system
Figure 2 shows that the Organization Chart of the Item Information traceability system with relevance perception, comprise independently information service system (the corresponding A of company and the B of company respectively) of discovery server (or claim lookup service module), two, discovery server respectively with two independently information service system by registration interface, be connected.Arbitrary independently information service system comprises information server, middleware, reader and label, reader obtains by twireless radio-frequency communication mode the article identity carrying in label and identifies, reader is connected with middleware, and middleware is connected with information server and ERP system.
Wherein the core of traceability system is information server (Information Service) and discovery server (Discovery Service), and auxiliary other application program realizes and reviews the functions such as inquiry, locating query, anti-fake certificate on this basis.
As shown in Figure 2, lookup service implement body comprises registration interface, query interface, communication interface, query processing module, correlation analysis module, filtering module and mapping database.The inquiry request for RFID sign of query processing module for initiating for the treatment of inquiry request person.Mapping database is for the mapping relations between stores identify label and the information server address designation of the detailed Item Information of storage.Correlation analysis module is for analyzing the containment relationship that may exist between sign mapping (enum) data.Filtering module, for above-mentioned association analysis being filtered by time attribute information, is avoided information redundancy.Information service system comprises reader, middleware and information server.Reader identifies for obtain the article identity that RFID label carries by twireless radio-frequency communication mode.The pre-service such as the original RFID data that middleware is used for that reader is obtained are filtered, duplicate removal, and form the RFID event with certain semanteme.Information server comprises: registration interface, catch interface, query interface and information database.
Information server is by catching interface, and the RFID raw data of accepting after middleware processes is uploaded; After logical process, form RFID identification data, be stored in the information database of information server; By registration interface, RFID mapping (enum) data is published to discovery server; By query interface, to application, open the shared inquiry of RFID identification data.Discovery server is by registration interface, and the RFID mapping (enum) data of the server of receiving information is issued; After correlation analysis, RFID mapping (enum) data is stored in the mapping database of discovery server; By communication interface, provide the RFID mapping (enum) data between different discovery servers to share; By query interface, to application, open the inquiry of RFID mapping (enum) data.
Specifically, when article enter after reader recognition scope, reader can identify by the article identity carrying in twireless radio-frequency communication automatic acquisition electronic tag, thereby generates original RFID identification data.In order to remove data redundancy, need to be first through pretreatment operation such as the duplicate removal of middleware, filtrations, and in conjunction with other article relevant information in enterprise information system, form and there is the RFID event of certain semanteme, more finally deposit information server in.Can be by the search service of hyperlink relation crawl info web between webpage in internet but be different from, the data source in RFID network is the information server that contains enterprise's secret, reviews inquiry and only towards the partner through authorizing, opens.So want in global scope to realize to the reviewing flexibly of RFID data message, basic premise is that information owner need to be by certain index information, the mapping relations between RFID data and place data source, are published to other querying node of index server confession.For guarantee information owner's privacy, also need to issue corresponding security strategy simultaneously.From realizing angle, the infrastructure of information service and lookup service can be safeguarded voluntarily by large enterprise or company, and lookup service also can carry out trustship by third party as a kind of UNICOM's information service of tie.
2. the data structure of tracing information
Data related in reviewing can be divided into three classes, are respectively the raw readings of reader reading electronic labels, the RFID logout of storing in information server, and the index information record of storing in discovery server.Discovery server, according to inquiry request, utilizes the data of returning to generate positional information or the running orbit of the commodity that are provided with this RFID label.Specifically, related various data as shown in Figure 3, are respectively described below:
1) raw readings (Initial_record): undressed original observed data comprises the attribute of three dimensions, i.e. observed object oid, observed events time of origin eventTime and observation place readPoint.
2) Item Information (Thing_information): except whether reflection RFID label is appearing at the registering information of a certain position sometime; Internet of Things application based on RFID network also needs to pay close attention to other attribute information of the accompanying object of label conventionally; such as type of items, the place of production etc., thus more complicated inquiry response is provided.It is " key-value " right form <propertyID that these application datas can be unified abstract, propertyValue>.
3) logout (event_record): through middleware processes program, can form significant RFID logout after integration raw readings and Item Information.According to whether containment relationship transformation occurring, can be divided into again common observed events (Observation_event) and polymerization events (Aggregation_event).The latter's object of observation comprises single product sign cid and container identification pid, and has increased the concept of event behavior, and action option can value be " add " (combination) or " delete " (decomposition).In the RFID label raw information that reader reads, contain special field, represent observed events or polymerization events, to identify, whether containment relationship transformation occurs.
4) map record (map_record): in the mapping database of discovery server, Storage Mapping record is index information, these index informations are a brief abstract of detailed Item Information in information server.The core of this mapping relations is exactly the information source address map as the object identity oid of key assignments and storage dependent event record.In order to increase containing the analysis of relevance between data, also preserved the time eventTime that possible behavior property action and event occur.If action value is empty, explanation is common observed events, and container identification pid is also empty.Registrant registers to discovery server, and registrant's address is exactly the source address here.Discovery server, after receiving log-on message, can generate corresponding map record.
5) distributor information (Publisher_profile): in order to guarantee the confidentiality of publisher to index information, corresponding security strategy can be set on lookup service.This often just needs publisher to announce certain identity information, for example publisher ID, name, address, mailbox, affiliation (unit or organizational structure), and identity public key etc. can be used for the authentication supplementary of encrypting and decrypting.
3. the trace back process with relevance perception
Figure 4 shows that the once interaction flow schematic diagram between information publisher and information inquiry person in complete trace back process of realization, be described as follows:
1) the RFID logout that information owner (information server A, B) has to discovery server (discovery server) registration is announced corresponding security strategy simultaneously.
2) inquiry request person initiates the inquiry request for particular RFID sign (or between tag slot) to discovery server, submits identity powers and functions voucher to simultaneously.
3) first discovery server retrieves the map record that is designated key word with the RFID of user's request, then closes contact analysis by correlation analysis module, searches the map record that this RFID identifies associated container identification.
Map record has reflected the mapping relations between sign and address, and the information of identified article is stored in the server of which address.In addition, also can comprise hour of log-on, registrant, incidence relation and other satellite information.
4) whether discovery server check inquiry identifies corresponding information data to above-mentioned RFID and has legal access right, if the validated user of authorizing, can return to addressable relative address list to inquiry request person, according to the sign of inquiry, remove to retrieve the database in the LIST SERVER of DNS and so on, obtain relevant sign map record (wherein containing address information).If not the validated user of authorizing, refusal provides service or directly abandons inquiry request.
5) according to step 4) address list that obtains, inquiry request person's all information servers corresponding with address establish a communications link, so submit identity powers and functions voucher to information server simultaneously.
6) information server authentication is by identifying associated detailed item information data by returning to RFID.
After adding correlation analysis, the main thought that lookup service carries out map record retrieval is: first according to the RFID of user's request, be designated keyword search map record; Then analyze the map record that whether has polymerization behavior; If had, possible container identification is added to queue to be checked, more recursively inquire about.Add flow process that the algorithm of correlation analysis carries out as shown in Figure 5, recursive query be wherein described as follows:
A) the setting-up time upper limit and time lower limit, the map record that id is key word is take in inquiry;
B) if existing take inquires about the map record that ID is key word, the non-polymeric record extracting wherein adds DS response queue, enters step c); Otherwise return to empty DS response queue;
C) judge whether aggregating records in addition, if not, return to DS response queue; If had, enter steps d);
D) according to container identification pid, map record corresponding to polymerization behavior divided into groups;
E) to each grouping, judged whether combination event, combination event refers between a plurality of article due to position the occurred polymerization events that coexists, conventionally has outer field container article; If there is combination event, by the lower limit time modification of this pid sign, be combination event time of origin the earliest; If no, judged whether fractionation event, fractionation event refers to the status releasing of combinations thereof relation; If there is fractionation event, by the upper limit time modification of this pid sign, be fractionation Time To Event the latest, if do not split event, finish this recursive query.
Consider that the citation form of reviewing inquiry mainly contains two kinds, be locating query (track) and tracking inquiry (trace), the former only pays close attention to the current latest position of article, the latter's query aim is the entire motion track of article, so before lookup service starts, should first judge user's query type.If locating query need to sort according to time attribute to map record after each poll-final, retain all the time a up-to-date map record.
In addition, also have a bit very important factor to need to consider, i.e. the reusability of container.Because RFID electronic tag can coexist with it conventionally in the Life cycle of identified article; and the containers such as chest, container pallet tend to be used for a long time in the process of logistics transportation, this is temporary transient with regard to making the containment relationship between single product and container.If only directly retrieve with the RFID sign of container, obtain possibly a large amount of irrelevant informations.On the one hand, redundant information has reduced query performance, causes network service load to strengthen.On the other hand, logistics company may launch cooperation with the enterprise of the competitive business of many furniture.Inquiry, conventionally according to service logic, only has access rights to the information of container in a period of time, if out-of-control random amplification access rights just may cause information owner's privacy to reveal.Therefore, in the present invention, adopt time attribute to filter, avoid obtaining too much redundant results, by adjusting time upper limit and lower limit, dwindle the interval of inquiry and realize filtration.
Above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described but not be limited; those of ordinary skill in the art can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; and not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with described in claim.
Claims (10)
1. an Item Information traceability system with relevance perception, is characterized in that, comprises at least one discovery server and at least one information service system;
Described discovery server comprises:
Registration interface, is connected to receive the issue of RFID mapping (enum) data with the information server in described information service system;
Query interface, opens to carry out the inquiry of RFID mapping (enum) data to application program;
Query processing module, for the treatment of the inquiry request for RFID sign;
Correlation analysis module, for analyzing the containment relationship that may exist between the mapping (enum) data of article RFID sign, carries out correlation analysis;
Mapping database, for storing the article RFID identify label that obtains through correlation analysis and the mapping relations between the information server address designation of stores information;
Described information service system comprises:
Reader, identifies for obtain the article identity that RFID label carries by twireless radio-frequency communication mode;
Middleware, carries out pre-service for the original RFID data that reader is obtained, and forms the RFID event with certain semanteme;
Information server, comprising: registration interface, is connected to carry out the registration issue of RFID mapping (enum) data with the registration interface of described discovery server; Catch interface, be connected to receive the RFID sign that it is uploaded with middleware; Query interface, opens to carry out the shared inquiry of RFID identification data to application program; Information database, for storing the RFID identification data after middleware processes.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described discovery server also comprises communication interface, and the mapping (enum) data of opening to carry out between discovery server to other discovery servers is shared.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described discovery server also comprises filtering module, for utilizing time attribute information to filter to avoid information redundancy to described correlation analysis.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: the pre-service that described reader carries out original RFID data comprises filtration treatment, duplicate removal processing.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: described middleware forms described RFID event in conjunction with the article relevant information in enterprise information system.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: according to whether there is containment relationship transformation, described RFID event is divided into common observed events and polymerization events, and the object of observation of described polymerization events comprises single product sign and container identification.
7. an Item Information retroactive method with relevance perception that adopts Item Information traceability system described in claim 1, its step comprises:
1) the RFID logout that information owner has to discovery server registration is announced corresponding security strategy simultaneously;
2) inquiry request person initiates the inquiry request for RFID sign to described discovery server, submits identity powers and functions voucher to simultaneously;
3) retrieval of described discovery server is with step 2) described RFID is designated the map record of key word, and carry out correlation analysis, search the map record that this RFID identifies associated container identification;
4) whether described discovery server check inquiry identifies corresponding information data to described RFID and has legal access rights; If the validated user of authorizing returns to addressable relative address list to inquiry request person, otherwise refusal provides service or directly abandons inquiry request;
5) according to step 4) the described address list that obtains, all information servers that inquiry request person is corresponding with address also establish a communications link, and submit respectively identity powers and functions voucher to described all information servers simultaneously;
6) after all information server authentications are passed through, the information data that RFID is identified to associated article returns to inquiry request person.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: step 2) the described inquiry request for RFID sign is the inquiry request for particular RFID sign, or for the inquiry request between RFID tag slot; Before starting, lookup service first judges user's query type: locating query and tracking inquiry.
9. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: step 3) described correlation analysis, first according to the RFID of user's request, be designated keyword search map record; Then analyze the map record that whether has polymerization behavior; If had, possible container identification is added to queue to be checked, more recursively inquire about.
10. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: adopt time attribute to filter to avoid obtaining too much redundant results to inquiry request.
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