CN103926542A - Detection method for arc extinguishing efficiency of grid arc extinguish chamber and measuring device thereof - Google Patents
Detection method for arc extinguishing efficiency of grid arc extinguish chamber and measuring device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103926542A CN103926542A CN201410081055.XA CN201410081055A CN103926542A CN 103926542 A CN103926542 A CN 103926542A CN 201410081055 A CN201410081055 A CN 201410081055A CN 103926542 A CN103926542 A CN 103926542A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method for arc extinguishing efficiency of a grid arc extinguish chamber. The method includes the steps that a, identical instantaneous currents are applied to an arc column with a grid and an arc column without a grid so that induced magnetic fields can be generated, and data of a plurality of different parts are collected on the inner sides of the two arc columns with same magnetic induction intensity through Hall sensors to obtain a B1z1, a B1z2, a B1z3......; b, data of a plurality of different parts are collected through the Hall sensors to obtain a B2z1, a B2z2, a B2z3......; c, the arc extinguishing efficiencies eta1, eta2, eta1...... of the grid arc extinguish chamber are obtained according to a formula eta=( B1z - B2z)/B2z*100%; d, average value calculation is carried out on the eta1, eta2, eta3...... to obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency representing the grid arc extinguish chamber. The invention further discloses a measuring device for measuring the extinguishing efficiencies of the grid arc extinguish chamber arc. The measuring device comprises the conductive arc columns, a numerical control instantaneous constant current source, a grid, the Hall sensors, an oscilloscope and a memorizer. According to the detection method and the measuring device, a blasting magnetic field in the grid arc extinguish chamber can be directly measured, the detection step is simple, and the result is reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method of arc extinguishing efficiency, especially a kind of under the large electric current such as short circuit or overload, method and measurement mechanism thereof that metal grating arc-extinguishing chamber arc extinguishing efficiency is detected.
Background technology
At present, metal gate sheet arc extinguishing is a kind of arc-suppressing method the most extensively adopting except vacuum method arc extinguishing and SF6 arc extinguishing.Its ultimate principle is: isolating switch disjunction short circuit or while transshipping large electric current, can produce arc discharge between contact; And the induced field that metal gate sheet produces forms magnetic blowout power, and electric arc is sucked to arc-chutes, electric arc is divided into some segments by metal gate sheet, utilizes the nearly minus plate effect of electric arc to reach the object of extinguish arcs.The size in magnetic blow-out magnetic field is the key of quick, the effective arc extinguishing of isolating switch.
In prior art, normally by emulation technology, adopted the method for finite element or other numerical evaluation to solve the size of arc-chutes arc blow-out Distribution of Magnetic Field and magnetic blowout power.Now be summarized as follows: the impact analysis > > [J] of two kinds of quiet galvanic circles of (1) < < to breaker of plastic casing break performance. electrotechnics journal, 2010, the 08:45-51. document is utilized the method for steady-state analysis, two kinds of different quiet galvanic circles have been designed, utilize finite element method to calculate contrast electric power and arc blow-out magnetic field, analyze two kinds of quiet conducting loop structures of difference and divided the short time to the contact of breaker of plastic casing, contact repulsion electrodynamic repulsion force, arc blow-out magnetic field is in the impact of arc-distribution and arcing initial stage arc blow-out magnetic field size factor.(2) the visual analyzing > > [J] of < < low-pressure plastic shell circuit breaker contact system three-dimensional magnetic field. electrotechnics journal, 2002, the 04:31-35. document is used visual simulating technology, adopt integral equation method to solve the size of arc-chutes arc blow-out Distribution of Magnetic Field and magnetic blowout power, analyzed the impact of different structure of contact terminals on arc blow-out magnetic field.(3) between < < consideration contact, in the low-pressure plastic shell circuit breaker of electric current effect of contraction, electrodynamic repulsion force is analyzed > > [J]. electrotechnics journal, 2004, the 10:1-5. document adopts the equation of stationary field to calculate current density and field flux distribution, and has studied under steady state conditions electric current between contact and shunk the impact for the electronic repulsion of isolating switch.(4) < < utilizes the low-voltage circuit breaker interrupting process simulation analysis > > [J] of Arc dynamic mathematical model. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2009, the 21:107-113. document is utilized interpolation method, has studied and has utilized electric arc dynamic model isolating switch interrupting process to be carried out to the technology of emulation.By Finite Element Method, the numerical tabular while calculating stable state between electric current, magnetic field and electrodynamic repulsion force, utilizes the dynamic process of the method research contact disjunction of two interpolation.(5) three-dimensional finite element analysis of < < arc extinguish chamber for frame type circuit breaker magnetic blow-out power size research > > [J]. European Acta Physica Sinica, Vol.14, NO.3, 183-186.(< < 3-D finite element analysis of magnetic force on the arc for arc chamber design of molded case circuit breaker > > [J]. The European physical journal, Vol.14, NO.3, 183-186.) this article utilizes finite element software, calculated the size of the interior magnetic blowout power of arc-chutes when arc extinguishing grid pieces adopts difformity and distributes.These researchs concentrate on the breaking course of the method research isolating switch that adopts steady-state analysis, in theory, for the design and optimization of arc-extinguishing chamber of circuit breaker and grid sheet, have certain guidance effect.Yet these methods are overly dependent upon numerical evaluation and emulation, in research, all lack arc-chutes internal magnetic field is distributed and big or small experimental verification, lack the method and apparatus of testing, there is insecure problem in numerical result.Therefore, design a kind of can be to arc blow-out magnetic field size in grating arc-extinguishing chamber and distribute and carry out the method and apparatus directly measured, for research how to improve grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency and electric life-span of isolating switch, security, reliability seems very important.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention one: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides that a kind of detecting step is simple, testing result can carry out the method for directly measuring to arc blow-out magnetic field size in grating arc-extinguishing chamber reliably.
To achieve these goals one, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the detection method of a kind of grating arc-extinguishing chamber arc extinguishing efficiency, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: arcuation electric conductor simulation arc column for a., and to the arc column that has grid sheet in arc-chutes momentary current in addition, grid sheet produces induced field and forms magnetic blow-out magnetic field, and arc column inner side obtains magnetic induction density numerical value B by Hall element to several different parts image data of magnetic blow-out magnetic field
1z1, B
1z2, B
1z3after the grid sheet of b. dismantling in arc-chutes, to the onesize momentary current in step a in addition of the arc column in arc-chutes, and by Hall element, by several different parts in step a, carry out same image data and obtain another group numerical value B
2z1, B
2z2, B
2z3c. pass through formula
calculate and obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency eta that is used for characterizing grating arc-extinguishing chamber
1, η
2, η
3, D. and arc extinguishing efficiency value value of averaging that each point inside above-mentioned arc column is recorded calculate, thereby obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency that characterizes grating arc-extinguishing chamber.
As the further setting of the present invention, described Hall element different spatial in arc-chutes is carried out real-time data acquisition formation waveform image by oscillograph to the signal of Hall element output receiving magnetic induction density, and by storer, real time data is stored.
Adopt such scheme, the present invention is based on the instantaneous constant current source technology of numerical control and can provide transient high-current to arc-chutes, make grid sheet can produce induced field and form magnetic blowout power so that Hall element can directly measure True Data to the arc blow-out magnetic field size of different parts in grating arc-extinguishing chamber, thereby according to above-mentioned True Data, calculate the arc extinguishing efficiency of grating arc-extinguishing chamber; This result is more true and reliable, is more conducive to research and how improves the arc extinguishing efficiency of grating arc-extinguishing chamber and the electrical endurance of isolating switch, safety and reliability etc.; In addition, by oscillograph, the signal of Hall element output is directly changed into the waveform image observation and comparison directly perceived of being more convenient for, data are stored through storage card, can duplicate measurements contrast use.
Goal of the invention two: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of easy to operate, testing result and can carry out the device of directly measuring to arc blow-out magnetic field size in grating arc-extinguishing chamber reliably.
To achieve these goals two, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of measurement mechanism for detection of grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency, it is characterized in that: comprise conduction arc column, arc column end is connected with the instantaneous constant current source of numerical control, the detachable grid sheet that is provided with on arc column, described conduction arc column inner side is distributed with some Hall elements from top to bottom, the corresponding setting of interval trough of described Hall element and described grid sheet; The output terminal of Hall element is connected with oscillograph, and oscillographic output terminal is connected with storer.
Adopt such scheme, the present invention can measure the different parts of arc column by said apparatus, for the magnetic induction density of arc column inner side is distributed and is detected, in conduction arc column inner side, Hall element is set from top to bottom, the data that detect are by oscilloscope display, and its waveform image is more obviously more convenient for observing.The above-mentioned measurement mechanism that adopts instantaneous constant current source to set up can directly measure True Data to arc blow-out magnetic field in arc-chutes, can verify realistic model, also can be by the arc extinguishing efficiency in Quantitative Study grating arc-extinguishing chamber.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is specific embodiment of the invention measurement mechanism structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the magnetic induction density effect schematic diagram that specific embodiment of the invention metal gate sheet produces;
Accompanying drawing 3 is specific embodiment of the invention structured flowchart;
The schematic diagram of having measured when accompanying drawing 4 has been settled metal arc extinguishing grid pieces for the specific embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is removed the schematic diagram of after arc extinguishing grid pieces, the magnetic induction density of same area being measured for the specific embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the current waveform figure of the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 1000A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 7 arc-chutes that No. 1 Hall element records during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 1000A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 8 arc-chutes that No. 2 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 1000A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 9 arc-chutes that No. 3 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 1000A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 10 arc-chutes that No. 4 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 1000A;
Accompanying drawing 11 is the current waveform figure of the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 500A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 12 arc-chutes that No. 1 Hall element records during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 500A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 13 arc-chutes that No. 2 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 500A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 14 arc-chutes that No. 3 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 500A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 15 arc-chutes that No. 4 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 500A;
Accompanying drawing 16 is the current waveform figure of the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 800A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 17 arc-chutes that No. 1 Hall element records during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 800A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 18 arc-chutes that No. 2 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 800A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 19 arc-chutes that No. 3 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 800A;
The magnetic induction density schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 20 arc-chutes that No. 4 Hall elements record during for the instantaneous constant current source output of specific embodiment of the invention 800A.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the measurement mechanism for detection of grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, it comprises conduction arc column 1, this conduction arc column 1 has arcuation copper conductor simulation arcing to form, arc column 1 end is connected with the instantaneous constant current source of numerical control, the detachable grid sheet 2 that is provided with on arc column 1, conduction arc column 1 inner side 11 is distributed with 4 Hall elements from top to bottom as shown in Figure 2,4, be respectively No. 1 Hall element A, No. 2 Hall element B, No. 3 Hall element C and No. 4 Hall element D, the corresponding setting of interval trough of Hall element and grid sheet 2; The output terminal of Hall element is connected with oscillograph, and oscillographic output terminal is connected with storer as shown in Figure 3.
The present invention is about the specific embodiment of the detection method of grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency, its step comprises: a. uses arcuation copper conductor as conduction arc column 1, to have grid sheet 2 arc column 1 and to the arc column 1 without grid sheet 2 all in addition onesize momentary current make it produce induced field, and the magnetic induction density of 4 identical different parts of arc column 1 inner side in above-mentioned twice experiment is passed through respectively to No. 1 Hall element A, No. 2 Hall element B, No. 3 Hall element C and No. 4 Hall element D, image data obtains respectively B
1z1, B
1z2, B
1z3, B
1z4; And B
2z1, B
2z2, B
2z3, B
2z4; C. by formula (1)
obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency eta of grating arc-extinguishing chamber
1, η
2, η
3, η
4; D. and to η
1, η
2, η
3, η
4the value of averaging is calculated, thereby obtains the arc extinguishing efficiency eta that characterizes grating arc-extinguishing chamber.When isolating switch disjunction short circuit or while transshipping large electric current, between contact, can produce arc discharge; Generally, can think that the magnetic circuit system of grating arc-extinguishing chamber is linear magnetic medium.According to Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, linear superposition can be carried out in the magnetic field that each carrying object and magnetic medium produce.When electric arc produces, due to the effect of grid sheet 2 induced fields, the i.e. left side as shown in Figure 2 at 11 positions, arc column 1 inner side, the magnetic induction density of its z direction is enhanced; Arc column 1 outside 12 parts i.e. right side as shown in Figure 2, and the magnetic induction density of its z direction is weakened.Therefore, measure respectively after the magnetic induction density of arc column 1 different parts while having or not arc extinguishing grid pieces 2, calculate both differences, can be used for the arc extinguishing efficiency of quantitative description grating arc-extinguishing chamber.Above-mentioned two experiments can be measured simultaneously and be designed one group of conduction arc column and test without the arc-chutes of grid sheet with the arc-chutes of grid sheet and another group conduction arc column simultaneously, also can step measurement, first conduction arc column is measured the magnetic induction density numerical value of arc-chutes when the grid sheet of then dismantling is measured conduction arc column more not with grid sheet with the arc-chutes of grid sheet; What the present embodiment adopted is the latter's method, more saves experiment equipment and reduces experimental cost.
The instantaneous constant current source of numerical control can arrange size according to specific experiment demand for the input current that arc column provides, and in the present embodiment, the instantaneous constant current source of numerical control for arc column 1 provides input current is
, size is 500～1000A; The input voltage of Hall element is+5V that output voltage is 0 to 5V.By Tyke oscillograph, 4 tunnel outputs of 4 Hall elements are carried out to synchronous acquisition simultaneously, and by memory card, the data of above-mentioned collection are stored in wherein.
Embodiment mono-, and when input momentary current is while being 1000A as waveform in Fig. 6, the measurement result of No. 1 Hall element A, No. 2 Hall element B, No. 3 Hall element C and No. 4 Hall elements is respectively as shown in Fig. 7-10.The magnetic induction density that wherein grid sheet 2 produces is according to formula (1)
calculate, the size of η is the difference of magnetic induction density inside arcuation conductor while having or not grid sheet 2.
Measurement result during table 1 input current 1000A
No. 1 Hall element A of take is example (Fig. 7), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 27.2%; No. 2 Hall element B of take are example (Fig. 8), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 33.2%; No. 3 Hall element C of take are example (Fig. 9), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 50.5%; No. 4 Hall element D of take are example (Figure 10), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 45.5%.Due to the asymmetric and grid sheet 2 of contact in grating arc-extinguishing chamber's structure space distribution asymmetric on arc column 1, cause the efficiency value that records at arc column 1 inner side each point not identical, can calculate their values of averaging, thereby the arc extinguishing efficiency that characterizes on the whole grating arc-extinguishing chamber is 39.1%.
Embodiment bis-, and when input momentary current is while being 500A as waveform in Figure 11, the measurement result of No. 1 Hall element A, No. 2 Hall element B, No. 3 Hall element C and No. 4 Hall element D is respectively as shown in Figure 12-15.The magnetic induction density that wherein grid sheet 2 produces calculates according to formula (1), and the size of η is the difference of magnetic induction density inside arcuation conductor while having or not grid sheet 2.
Measurement result during table 2 input current 500A
No. 1 Hall element A of take is example (Figure 12), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 28.9%; No. 2 Hall element B of take are example (Figure 13), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 34.7%; No. 3 Hall element C of take are example (Figure 14), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 48.7%; No. 4 Hall element D of take are example (Figure 15), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 44.4%.Due to the asymmetric and grid sheet 2 of contact in grating arc-extinguishing chamber's structure 1 space distribution asymmetric on arc column, cause the efficiency value that records at arc column 2 inner side each points not identical, can calculate their values of averaging, thereby the arc extinguishing efficiency that characterizes on the whole grating arc-extinguishing chamber is 39.175%.
Embodiment tri-, and when input momentary current is while being 800A as waveform in Figure 16, the measurement result of No. 1 Hall element A, No. 2 Hall element B, No. 3 Hall element C and No. 4 Hall element D is respectively as shown in Figure 17-20.The magnetic induction density that wherein grid sheet 2 produces calculates according to formula (1), and the size of η is the difference of magnetic induction density inside arcuation conductor while having or not grid sheet 2.
Measurement result during table 3 input current 800A
No. 1 Hall element A of take is example (Figure 16), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 28.3%; No. 2 Hall element B of take are example (Figure 17), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 36.3%; No. 3 Hall element C of take are example (Figure 18), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 49.7%; No. 4 Hall element D of take are example (Figure 19), and utilizing formula (1) can obtain this arc extinguishing efficiency is 43.5%.Due to the asymmetric and grid sheet 2 of contact in grating arc-extinguishing chamber's structure space distribution asymmetric on arc column 1, cause the efficiency value that records at arc column 1 inner side each point not identical, can calculate their values of averaging, thereby the arc extinguishing efficiency that characterizes on the whole grating arc-extinguishing chamber is 39.45%.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment one is 39% left and right to the arc extinguishing efficiency of the general token grating arc-extinguishing chamber of specific embodiment three, illustrates that the real result that above-mentioned measurement mechanism detects is reliable.The data of contrast table 1-table 3 can be found simultaneously, when loading current is not identical, the efficiency value that same position Hall element measures is very approaching, this has more verified, grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency and size of current are irrelevant, only depend on the parameters such as geometric configuration, material, locus of arc quenching chamber structure and arc extinguishing grid pieces.Measurement arc blow-out magnetic field size proposed by the invention and the method distributing, and the method for in Fundamentals of Measurement, arc-chutes efficiency being evaluated, for experimental verification grating arc-extinguishing chamber design proposal provides important beasurement base and means.And detecting step of the present invention is simple, measurement data is true and reliable and can reuse, measurement mechanism can carry out duplicate measurements in addition, and apparatus structure is simple and easy to build, and experimental cost is low.
Claims (3)
- The detection method of 1.Yi Zhong grating arc-extinguishing chamber arc extinguishing efficiency, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: arcuation electric conductor simulation arc column for a., and to the arc column that has grid sheet in arc-chutes momentary current in addition, grid sheet produces induced field and forms magnetic blow-out magnetic field, and arc column inner side obtains magnetic induction density numerical value B by Hall element to several different parts image data of magnetic blow-out magnetic field 1z1, B 1z2, B 1z3after the grid sheet of b. dismantling in arc-chutes, to the onesize momentary current in step a in addition of the arc column in arc-chutes, and by Hall element, by several different parts in step a, carry out same image data and obtain another group numerical value B 2z1, B 2z2, B 2z3c. pass through formula calculate and obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency eta that is used for characterizing grating arc-extinguishing chamber 1, η 2, η 3, D. and arc extinguishing efficiency value value of averaging that each point inside above-mentioned arc column is recorded calculate, thereby obtain the arc extinguishing efficiency that characterizes grating arc-extinguishing chamber.
- 2. the detection method of grating arc-extinguishing chamber according to claim 1 arc extinguishing efficiency, it is characterized in that: described Hall element different spatial in arc-chutes is carried out real-time data acquisition formation waveform image by oscillograph to the signal of Hall element output receiving magnetic induction density, and by storer, real time data is stored.
- 3. the measurement mechanism for detection of the grating arc-extinguishing chamber's arc extinguishing efficiency described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: comprise conduction arc column, arc column end is connected with the instantaneous constant current source of numerical control, the detachable grid sheet that is provided with on arc column, described conduction arc column inner side is distributed with some Hall elements from top to bottom, the corresponding setting of interval trough of described Hall element and described grid sheet; The output terminal of Hall element is connected with oscillograph, and oscillographic output terminal is connected with storer.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109101976A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-28 | 温州大学 | A kind of detection method of arc extinguishing grid pieces surface defect |
| CN111048370A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-21 | 常熟市通润开关厂有限公司 | High-segmentation arc extinguish chamber for circuit breaker |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109101976A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-28 | 温州大学 | A kind of detection method of arc extinguishing grid pieces surface defect |
| CN109101976B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-11-30 | 温州大学 | Method for detecting surface defects of arc-extinguishing grid plate |
| CN111048370A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-21 | 常熟市通润开关厂有限公司 | High-segmentation arc extinguish chamber for circuit breaker |
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Application publication date: 20140716 Assignee: Yueqing Institute of industry, Wenzhou University Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2020330000105 Denomination of invention: A measuring method and measuring device for arc extinguishing efficiency of grid arc chamber Granted publication date: 20170222 License type: Common License Record date: 20201125 |