CN112748299A - Temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for large-load switch cabinet - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of large-load switch cabinets, in particular to a temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a large-load switch cabinet. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: establishing a temperature rise vibration simulation test system of a heavy load switch cabinet; arranging temperature measuring points and vibration measuring points according to the structure of the heavy-load switch cabinet; collecting temperature rise data, filtering the vibration test signal and carrying out frequency analysis processing; and evaluating the electrical and cabinet mechanical properties of the tested switch cabinet. The evaluation method is improved based on the existing temperature rise test platform, so that the test cost is saved, and the key performance evaluation index of the equipment is increased; a vibration test data acquisition and processing module based on a Labview platform is added, so that the quality control of the ex-factory test of the switch cabinet is enhanced; according to the calculation result, technical guidance is provided for factory tests and field operation and maintenance of the large-load switch cabinet, and a basis is provided for vibration management of the large-load switch cabinet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of large-load switch cabinets, in particular to a temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a large-load switch cabinet.
Background
In the power system, the factory test of the switchgear has been specified, but usually, only the tests such as withstand voltage, partial discharge, and mechanical operation are performed. However, the problem of heating and vibration of the switch cabinet (especially a switch cabinet with a large load) in field operation is prominent, and especially, abnormal noise of a bus bar bridge frequently occurs, so that burning loss faults of the switch cabinet sometimes occur. Therefore, the requirement of the power grid on the electrical performance of the switch cabinet is improved, and the temperature rise sampling test of the switch cabinet is gradually promoted in the present year. However, the temperature rise test only examines the electrical circuit and the heat dissipation characteristic of the switch cabinet, the vibration characteristic is not examined, the vibration of the cabinet body is considered to be caused by the electrodynamic force of three-phase current, the conductor can generate a strong magnetic field and an electric field around the conductor due to the application of a large three-phase alternating current load, and the vibration of the conductor under the action of the electromagnetic force can cause some potential safety hazards, such as damage to an insulating sleeve, insecurity of a busbar and a fixing device of the busbar, and deformation or fracture of the busbar and the fixing device of the busbar when the conductor is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to add a vibration test item of the switch cabinet while performing a temperature rise sampling test so as to comprehensively measure the electrical and cabinet body mechanical properties of the switch cabinet.
In view of the above problems, many scholars have mainly developed the study of temperature rise. Typical evaluation methods include field test methods, simulation methods, and the like. The field test method is the most direct assessment method, the temperature rise conditions of a switch cabinet body and a whole conductive loop are assessed by developing a three-phase short circuit temperature rise test with 1.1 times of rated current in the current engineering, the loop and the heat dissipation problems of the switch cabinet can be effectively found, but the structure and the installation problems of the switch cabinet cannot be found in advance without a switch cabinet vibration test project. In the research of improving the working noise of the large-current bus bridge, scholars such as xusha, jinpiolong and numerous peaks establish a bus bridge three-dimensional finite element model, three-dimensional eddy current field calculation is carried out on the bus bridge under the working condition, the distribution rules of magnetic induction intensity, electromagnetic force and the like in the bus bridge are obtained, improvement measures are provided, and the vibration problem of the switch cabinet is not considered.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for evaluating the temperature rise vibration simulation test of the large-load switch cabinet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a large-load switch cabinet.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a heavy-duty switch cabinet comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing a temperature rise vibration simulation test system of a large-load switch cabinet;
secondly, arranging temperature measuring points and vibration measuring points according to the structure of the heavy-load switch cabinet;
step three, collecting temperature rise data, filtering the vibration test signal and carrying out frequency analysis processing;
and step four, evaluating the electrical and cabinet body mechanical properties of the tested switch cabinet.
Further, in the step one, the large-load switch cabinet temperature rise vibration simulation test system comprises a large-current generating device, a connecting busbar, a tested switch cabinet, a temperature inspection device and a vibration testing device.
Further, the vibration testing device comprises a probe, a collecting card, a Labview processing module and a visual graph window, wherein the probe is arranged on the switch cabinet to be tested and used for extracting vibration testing signals, the probe is connected with the collecting card through a transmission cable, the collecting card is connected with the Labview processing module through a network cable, and after sampling is carried out on the Labview processing module at a specified sampling frequency, image output is carried out in the visual graph window.
Further, the probe adopts an acceleration sensor.
Further, in the second step, the temperature measuring points are arranged according to 3.6 kV-40.5 kV alternating current metal closed switch equipment and control equipment and shared technical requirements of standards of high-voltage switch equipment and control equipment.
Furthermore, in the second step, for the case of only a heavy-load switch cabinet, the arrangement of the vibration measuring points is that one measuring point is respectively arranged at the upper rear position and the lower rear position of the cabinet body of the heavy-load switch cabinet, and one measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door of the heavy-load switch cabinet.
Further, in the second step, for the situation that the heavy-load switch cabinet contains the bus bridge, the vibration measuring points are arranged, one measuring point is respectively arranged at the upper rear part and the lower rear part of the cabinet body of the heavy-load switch cabinet, one measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door of the heavy-load switch cabinet, and the measuring points are arranged on the upper and lower bridge pier plates and the front and rear bridge frame plates of the bus bridge.
Further, in the third step, filtering and frequency analysis are carried out on the vibration test signal through a collecting card and a Labview processing module;
after the magnetic induction intensity and the component thereof of each vibration measuring point of the tested switch cabinet are calculated, the electromagnetic force is expressed by the product of the conductor current density and the magnetic flux density vector, and the formula is shown as follows:
in the formula: f is electromagnetic force and has a unit of N; v is the conductor volume in m3(ii) a J is conductor current density, unit A/m2(ii) a B is magnetic induction, unit T;
carrying out FFT spectral analysis on the vibration test signal, designing a wave trap for filtering an interference signal, and carrying out parameter setting on the wave trap according to a system transfer function of a second-order IIR filter, wherein the system transfer function of the second-order IIR filter is as follows:
in the formula, ω0＝2πf0/fsIs the trapped digital frequency, in rad; f. of0Is the notch frequency in Hz; f. ofsThe unit of sampling frequency is Hz; r is a constant; and setting parameters of the wave trap according to the formula.
Furthermore, the Labview processing module comprises a timing setting module, a recording setting module, a triggering setting module and a data display module, wherein the timing setting module is used for setting a sampling rate, a sampling clock source and a sampling mode, the recording setting module is used for setting a recording mode, a file storage path and actual sampling frequency, the triggering setting module is used for controlling the starting of signal acquisition, and the data display module is used for setting a wave trap, displaying a waveform, giving an alarm and stopping the function.
Further, in the fourth step, the mechanical performance of the cabinet body is evaluated, the tested switch cabinet is required to test the vibration acceleration value a under the three-phase power frequency currents of 1.1I, 1.0I, 0.8I, 0.6I and 0.5I respectively after the temperature rise test is finished, the value of the vibration acceleration value a is required to be not more than 2.0g, and the main frequency components of the vibration test signals do not change obviously under the four currents.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: as can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
the method is improved based on the existing temperature rise test platform, so that the test cost is saved, and the key performance assessment index of the equipment is increased;
a vibration test data acquisition and processing module based on a Labview platform is added, so that the quality control of the ex-factory test of the switch cabinet is enhanced;
according to the calculation result, technical guidance is provided for factory tests and field operation and maintenance of the large-load switch cabinet, and a basis is provided for vibration management of the large-load switch cabinet.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a heavy-duty switch cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a vibration testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a Labview processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows waveforms of vibration test signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a frequency distribution of a filtered vibration test signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the vibration test results of the vibration test point under different currents in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for evaluating a temperature rise vibration simulation test of a heavy load switch cabinet comprises:
step one, establishing a temperature rise vibration simulation test system of a large-load switch cabinet;
secondly, arranging temperature measuring points and vibration measuring points according to the structure of the heavy-load switch cabinet;
step three, collecting temperature rise data, filtering the vibration test signal and carrying out frequency analysis processing;
and step four, evaluating the electrical and cabinet body mechanical properties of the tested switch cabinet.
The evaluation method is improved based on the existing temperature rise test platform, so that the test cost is saved, and the key performance evaluation index of the equipment is increased; a vibration test data acquisition and processing module based on a Labview platform is added, so that the quality control of the ex-factory test of the switch cabinet is enhanced; according to the calculation result, technical guidance is provided for factory tests and field operation and maintenance of the large-load switch cabinet, and a basis is provided for vibration management of the large-load switch cabinet.
In this embodiment, in the step one, the large-load switch cabinet temperature rise vibration simulation test system includes a large-current generating device, a connecting busbar, a tested switch cabinet, a temperature inspection device, and a vibration testing device.
In this embodiment, the vibration testing apparatus includes a probe, a collection card, a Labview processing module, and a visual graph window, where the probe is disposed on a switch cabinet to be tested and used to extract a vibration testing signal, the probe is connected with the collection card through a transmission cable, the collection card is connected with the Labview processing module through a network cable, and after sampling is performed on the Labview processing module at a specified sampling frequency, image output is performed in the visual graph window.
In the present embodiment, the probe employs an acceleration sensor. Adopt acceleration sensor to carry out signal extraction, acceleration sensor is common mostly to inhale formula sensor magnetically, when being close to the cabinet body, can receive the interference in obvious power frequency magnetic field, consequently need get rid of the power frequency interference of test current to the sensor, can adopt the sound level meter to carry out the auxiliary test when necessary.
In the second step, the temperature measuring points are arranged according to 3.6-40.5 kV AC metal enclosed switchgear and control equipment and common technical requirements of standards of high-voltage switchgear and control equipment.
In this embodiment, in the second step, for the case of only a heavy-duty switch cabinet, the vibration measuring points are arranged at the upper rear position and the lower rear position of the cabinet body of the heavy-duty switch cabinet, and one measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door of the heavy-duty switch cabinet. For the condition that only a large-load switch cabinet exists, two measuring points are required to be distributed at the upper rear part and the lower rear part of the cabinet body, because the part is closer to the conductive loop, for the side face, because the left and the right of the switch cabinet are both arranged with adjacent cabinets in actual operation, the points are not distributed, and meanwhile, one measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door as a reference, and the influence of vibration on the front cabinet door is minimum.
In this embodiment, in the second step, for the case that the heavy-load switchgear includes a bus bridge, the vibration measuring points are arranged at the upper rear portion and the lower rear portion of the body of the heavy-load switchgear, one measuring point is arranged at the upper portion of the front cabinet door of the heavy-load switchgear, and the measuring points are arranged at the upper and lower bridge piers and the front and rear bridge boards of the bus bridge. For the condition of the bus-bar bridge, the vibration condition is more obvious in actual operation and test, and the influence of materials, moment and support distance is larger, so that the upper and lower plates of the bridge pier and the front and rear plates of the bridge frame of the bus-bar bridge are added, and a measuring point is required to be arranged on each independent steel plate according to the length of the current bridge, which is necessary in actual test.
In the third step, the vibration test signal is filtered and frequency analyzed by the acquisition card and the Labview processing module;
the vibration of the heavy-load switch cabinet is mainly caused by electromagnetic force, and the main vibration part is a busbar. The vibration and stability of the busbar are also related to the applied electromagnetic force. And calculating the electromagnetic force of the busbar material by taking the nonlinear characteristic of the busbar material into consideration and adopting a finite element method. After the magnetic induction intensity and the component thereof of each vibration measuring point of the tested switch cabinet are calculated, the electromagnetic force is expressed by the product of the conductor current density and the magnetic flux density vector, and the formula is shown as follows:
in the formula: f is electromagnetic force and has a unit of N; v is the conductor volume in m3(ii) a J is conductor current density, unit A/m2(ii) a B is magnetic induction, unit T;
considering that J and B are power frequency 50Hz signals, the frequency of the electrodynamic force signal should be 100Hz or 100Hz frequency multiplication, therefore, FFT spectrum analysis is carried out on the vibration test signal, a trap filter is designed to filter out interference signals, parameter setting of the trap filter is carried out according to the system transfer function of a second-order IIR filter, and the system transfer function of the second-order IIR filter is as follows:
in the formula, ω0＝2πf0/fsIs the trapped digital frequency, in rad; f. of0Is the notch frequency in Hz; f. ofsThe unit of sampling frequency is Hz; r is a constant; and setting parameters of the wave trap according to the formula.
In this embodiment, the Labview processing module includes a timing setting module, a recording setting module, a trigger setting module, and a data display module, the timing setting module is configured to set a sampling rate, a sampling clock source, and a sampling mode, the recording setting module is configured to set a recording mode, a file storage path, and an actual sampling frequency, the trigger setting module is configured to control a start of signal acquisition, and the data display module is configured to perform trap filter setting, waveform display, alarm information, and stop functions.
In the fourth step, the mechanical performance of the cabinet body is evaluated, the tested switch cabinet is required to test the vibration acceleration value a under the three-phase power frequency currents of 1.1I, 1.0I, 0.8I, 0.6I and 0.5I respectively after the temperature rise test is finished, the value of the vibration acceleration value a is required not to exceed 2.0g, and the main frequency components of the vibration test signal do not change obviously under the four currents.
In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, a more specific temperature rise vibration simulation test and evaluation embodiment of the switch cabinet is provided as follows:
the test is to verify the electrical performance of a main loop of a 10kV switch cabinet of a newly-built project of a certain transformer substation and the mechanical strength performance of the cabinet body.
With reference to 3.6 kV-40.5 kV alternating current metal enclosed switchgear and control equipment (DL/T404-2018) and shared technical requirements of standards of high-voltage switchgear and control equipment (DL/T593-2016), temperature rise test arrangement is carried out on the 3150A large-load switch cabinet, and a temperature rise vibration simulation test system of the large-load switch cabinet is established. Wherein the current source adopts a large current generating device; the connecting bus bar adopts three rows 125x10mm, the head end is 2 meters long, and the tail end is 0.5 meter long; erecting a bus bridge with a part of length; the temperature rise record adopts a thermocouple probe and a temperature rise polling instrument; the distribution positions of the temperature sensors were recorded as shown in table 1 using a temperature polling instrument. The vibration test arrangement is carried out on the large-load switch cabinet: the vibration test adopts a vibration test module which is formed by combining a vibration sensor, a collection card and a Labview processing module; the measuring points are arranged at the front and the rear parts of the switch cabinet body, and the bus bridge arranges four measuring points at the rear part of the bridge pier, the upper part of the bridge pier and the positions close to the front and the rear parts of the upper part of the bridge pier.
Collecting temperature rise data, and taking the temperature rise value variation range within 1K within one hour as a stable mark of a temperature rise test; after the temperature rise test is finished, testing the vibration value of the switch cabinet under three-phase power frequency currents of 1.1I, 1.0I, 0.8I, 0.6I and 0.5I, and testing each test point at least three times each time; the sampling frequency is 100000, the signal acquisition time is 1s, the vibration test signal is filtered and subjected to frequency analysis processing, a wave trap is arranged to filter 50Hz and 150Hz signals, and the waveform and the frequency of the signal after power frequency interference is eliminated are obtained, wherein fig. 4 is the waveform of the vibration test signal; FIG. 5 is a frequency distribution of a filtered vibration test signal; the results of this test are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 temperature rise test points and values
TABLE 2 vibration measurement points measurement results
The temperature rise values of the measuring points in the embodiment are shown in the table 1, and do not exceed the specified limit value, so the temperature rise test is qualified. After the signals are processed, the vibration value of the measuring point with the most intense vibration is obtained as shown in fig. 6, and the maximum amplitude of the vibration value is 1.2566g and is lower than 2.0g, which indicates that the cabinet body mechanical performance of the switch cabinet meets the requirement.
The above additional technical features can be freely combined and used in superposition by those skilled in the art without conflict.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with respect to certain embodiments and that various changes, modifications and equivalents may be made to the features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such as by frequency analysis of a vibration test signal resulting from loosening of typical components, which may be used to determine the cause of a field switchgear vibration fault. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method for a heavy-load switch cabinet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, establishing a temperature rise vibration simulation test system of a large-load switch cabinet;
secondly, arranging temperature measuring points and vibration measuring points according to the structure of the heavy-load switch cabinet;
step three, collecting temperature rise data, filtering the vibration test signal and carrying out frequency analysis processing;
and step four, evaluating the electrical and cabinet body mechanical properties of the tested switch cabinet.
2. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the temperature rise vibration simulation test system of the heavy-load switch cabinet comprises a heavy current generating device, a connecting bus bar, a tested switch cabinet, a temperature inspection device and a vibration testing device.
3. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vibration testing device comprises a probe, a collecting card, a Labview processing module and a visual drawing window, wherein the probe is arranged on a tested switch cabinet and used for extracting vibration testing signals, the probe is connected with the collecting card through a transmission cable, the collecting card is connected with the Labview processing module through a network cable, and after sampling is carried out on the Labview processing module at a specified sampling frequency, image output is carried out in the visual drawing window.
4. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: the probe adopts an acceleration sensor.
5. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the temperature measuring points are arranged according to 3.6 kV-40.5 kV alternating current metal closed switch equipment and control equipment and shared technical requirements of standards of high-voltage switch equipment and control equipment.
6. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, for the arrangement of the vibration measuring points, for the case of only a large-load switch cabinet, one measuring point is respectively arranged at the upper rear part and the lower rear part of the cabinet body of the large-load switch cabinet, and one measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door of the large-load switch cabinet.
7. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, for the situation that the heavy-load switch cabinet contains the bus bridge, the vibration measuring points are arranged, measuring points are respectively arranged at the upper rear part and the lower rear part of the cabinet body of the heavy-load switch cabinet, a measuring point is arranged at the upper part of the front cabinet door of the heavy-load switch cabinet, and measuring points are arranged on the upper and lower bridge pier plates and the front and rear bridge frame plates of the bus bridge.
8. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, filtering and frequency analysis are carried out on the vibration test signal through a collecting card and a Labview processing module;
after the magnetic induction intensity and the component thereof of each vibration measuring point of the tested switch cabinet are calculated, the electromagnetic force is expressed by the product of the conductor current density and the magnetic flux density vector, and the formula is shown as follows:
in the formula: f is electromagnetic force and has a unit of N; v is the conductor volume in m3(ii) a J is conductor current density, unit A/m2(ii) a B is magnetic induction, unit T;
carrying out FFT spectral analysis on the vibration test signal, designing a wave trap for filtering an interference signal, and carrying out parameter setting on the wave trap according to a system transfer function of a second-order IIR filter, wherein the system transfer function of the second-order IIR filter is as follows:
in the formula, ω0＝2πf0/fsIs the trapped digital frequency, in rad; f. of0Is the notch frequency in Hz; f. ofsThe unit of sampling frequency is Hz; r is a constant; and setting parameters of the wave trap according to the formula.
9. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 8, characterized in that: the Labview processing module comprises a timing setting module, a recording setting module, a triggering setting module and a data display module, wherein the timing setting module is used for setting a sampling rate, a sampling clock source and a sampling mode, the recording setting module is used for setting a recording mode, a file storage path and actual sampling frequency, the triggering setting module is used for controlling the starting of signal acquisition, and the data display module is used for setting a wave trap, displaying waveforms, warning information and stopping functions.
10. The temperature rise vibration simulation test evaluation method of the heavy load switch cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the mechanical performance of the cabinet body is evaluated, the tested switch cabinet is required to test the vibration acceleration value A under the three-phase power frequency currents of 1.1I, 1.0I, 0.8I, 0.6I and 0.5I respectively after the temperature rise test is finished, the value of A is required to be not more than 2.0g, and the main frequency components of the vibration test signals under the four currents have no obvious change.
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| CN113405597A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-17 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | Sensor layout structure in switch cabinet and evaluation method of layout structure |
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