CN103925587A - Coal-fired supercritical hydrothermal burning power generating device - Google Patents
Coal-fired supercritical hydrothermal burning power generating device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal clean burning power generating, and particularly relates to a coal-fired supercritical hydrothermal burning power generating device which comprises important equipment like a coal water slurry storage tank, a coal water slurry high-pressure pump, a first heat exchanger, an oxidant storage tank, an oxidant high-pressure pump, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a first heating face, a second heating face, a hydrothermal burning reactor, a high-pressure hydraulic cyclone, a dreg storage tank, a high-pressure gas-liquid separator, a water turbine, a gas turbine, a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, a clean water tank, a high-pressure clean water pump, a fifth heat exchanger and a steam turbine. The coal-fired supercritical hydrothermal burning power generating device is free of emission of sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, heavy metal pollutant and dust, thereby being high in environment protecting benefit; generated heat energy and pressure energy are utilized fully, so that power generating efficiency is high; carbon dioxide is captured and collected in a liquid-state manner, so that zero emission of the carbon dioxide is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the clean burning power field of coal, particularly a kind of overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal.
Background technology
The coal generating system of conventional thermal power plant, under the gaseous environment taking air as oxidant " one burning coal ", every year will be to the about 9,300,000 tons of oxysulfides of environmental emission, 8,600,000 tons of nitrogen oxide, 3,600,000 tons of dust, huge energy resource consumption and environmental pollution are caused, China's CO2 emissions exceed the U.S. already becomes the first in the world, has aggravated greenhouse effects.So thermal power plant must carry out denitration, desulfurization, dedusting and carbon emission reduction.But the situation of current China coal fired thermal power plant desulphurization denitration, dedusting and carbon emission reduction aspect allows of no optimist.According to Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection measuring and calculating, carry out to power plants active service unit in 2015 that desulphurization and denitration, dedust innovation and new-built unit install desulphurization and denitration additional and dust removal installation investment approximately needs 2,600 hundred million yuan, annual operating cost, up to more than 900 hundred million, expends huge.And if install carbon capturing device additional, the clean generating efficiency of thermal power plant also will reduce more than 6%, economy reduces greatly.
In view of the coal-fired present situation of current power plants, develop a kind of low oxysulfide, low NOx, new and effective coal changing into electricity technology without dust and CO2 emission, very necessary for the sustainable development of China's economy of energy.The generation technology of the overcritical hydro-thermal burning of coal is a kind of novel Coal Clean combustion power generation technology, it takes full advantage of the special nature of supercritical water, overcritical hydro-thermal combustion technology is incorporated into coal changing into electricity field, forms the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation technology of coal.
Supercritical water refers to that temperature and pressure is all at its critical point (374.15 ° of C, 22.1MPa) above water, with normality water ratio, the main physical parameter of supercritical water is as all obviously decline of density, viscosity, ionic product and dielectric constant, diffusion coefficient is higher, mass-transfer performance is good, can dissolve each other completely with non-polar gas (as oxygen, nitrogen etc.) and hydrocarbons, and inorganic salts is almost insoluble.The overcritical hydro-thermal combustion technology of coal, makes water-coal-slurry and oxidant in supercritical water, have the combustion reaction of flame.Generally speaking, water-coal-slurry can be in five seconds after-flame completely, burn rate is fast.
The electricity generation system of the overcritical hydro-thermal burning based on coal, not only higher than the generating efficiency of conventional thermal power plant, and can not discharge the pollutants such as oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, dust, and can also realize the zero-emission of carbon dioxide, environmental benefit is very good.Current, the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of coal is still among building.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention: how a kind of overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal is provided, realizes the Efficient Conversion of coal electricity, there is no the pollutant emissions such as oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide, dust, realize the zero-emission of carbon dioxide simultaneously.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: coal-fired overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system, coal water slurry storage tank entrance is connected with water-coal-slurry input, coal water slurry storage tank outlet is connected with water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump is connected with First Heat Exchanger cold fluid entrance, the outlet of First Heat Exchanger cold fluid is connected with the first heating surface entrance, and the first heating surface outlet is connected with the fuel inlet of hydro-thermal combustion reactor, oxidant storage tank entrance is connected with oxidant input, the outlet of oxidant storage tank is connected with oxidant high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of oxidant high-pressure pump is connected with the second heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the second heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the 3rd heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the 4th heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, and the 4th heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with hydro-thermal combustion reactor oxidant inlet, the outlet of hydro-thermal combustion reactor is connected with high-pressure hydraulic cyclone entrance, high-pressure hydraulic cyclone outlet at bottom is connected with storage slag chute, top exit is connected with the 5th exchanger heat fluid intake, the 5th exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with the 4th exchanger heat fluid intake, the 4th exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with First Heat Exchanger hot fluid entrance, the outlet of First Heat Exchanger hot fluid is connected with high-pressure gas-liquid separator entrance, high-pressure gas-liquid separator outlet at bottom is connected with hydraulic turbine entrance, hydraulic turbine outlet is connected with coal water slurry storage tank top entrance, high-pressure gas-liquid separator top exit is connected with gas turbine entrance, gas turbine outlet is connected with the second exchanger heat fluid inlet, the second heat exchanger exit is connected with carbon dioxide storage tank entrance, clean water input connects clean cistern entrance, clean cistern outlet at bottom is connected with high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of clean water high-pressure pump is connected with the 5th heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the 5th heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the second heating surface entrance, the second heating surface outlet is connected with the steam inlet of steam turbine, steam turbine steam (vapor) outlet is connected with the 3rd exchanger heat fluid intake, and the 3rd exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with clean cistern upper entrance.
As a kind of optimal way: described the first heating surface and the second heating surface are arranged in hydro-thermal combustion reactor.The water-coal-slurry that described water-coal-slurry is standard coal according to caloric value conversion, the mass concentration of standard coal is not less than 35wt%.Described clean water is once-through utility boiler feedwater, and described oxidant is liquid oxygen.In native system, use multiple valve to comprise stop valve, check-valves, control valve etc.
The present invention is that beneficial effect is: the present invention is made full use of heat energy and pressure energy, and energy utilization efficiency is high; Without oxysulfide, nitrogen oxide and dust emission, do not produce heavy metal contaminants; Realize recycling of carbon dioxide discharge-reduction and water resource.
Specifically describe as follows:
Water-coal-slurry is through overcritical hydro-thermal combustion reaction, and in coal, heavy metal is all converted into oxide harmless, stable state; The hetero atoms such as sulphur, chlorine and phosphorus are all oxidized to corresponding inorganic acid radical ion, form inorganic salts with other metal ion as potassium, sodium, iron etc.These solid-state inorganic matters and lime-ash remove from system through high-pressure hydraulic cyclone.The completing combustion of carbon content in coal element becomes that carbon dioxide, nitrogen are converted into nitrogen, hydrogen is converted into water.Whole system is without dust, oxysulfide, discharged nitrous oxides, clean environment firendly.
In the rear fluid of reaction, the heat energy of supercritical water and carbon dioxide has been realized cascade utilization according to grade height, has formed afterwards the two-phase mixture of water under high pressure and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas.Through gas-liquid separation, obtain respectively highly pressurised liquid water and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas again, utilize hydraulic generator to reclaim the pressure energy of water under high pressure, utilize gas turbine generating set to reclaim the pressure energy of high-pressure carbon dioxide gas.Whole system does not need to adopt the throttling energy-dissipating devices such as counterbalance valve, pressure energy can be reclaimed completely, and energy utilization efficiency is high.
Reacted water is prepared water-coal-slurry again for reclaiming, and carbon dioxide is liquefy after step-down, condensation successively, utilizes carbon dioxide storage tank to collect.System has realized recycling of resource, and the reduction of discharging of carbon dioxide.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal of the present invention.
In figure: 1, water-coal-slurry input; 2, coal water slurry storage tank; 3, water under high pressure coal slurry pump; 4, First Heat Exchanger; 5, the first heating surface; 6, oxidant input; 7, oxidant storage tank; 8, hyperbaric oxygen agent pump; 9, the second heat exchanger; 10, the 3rd heat exchanger; 11, the 4th heat exchanger; 12, hydro-thermal is burnt reactor; 13, high-pressure hydraulic cyclone; 14, except slag chute; 15, the 5th heat exchanger; 16, high-pressure gas-liquid separator; 17, the hydraulic turbine; 18, gas turbine; 19, carbon dioxide storage tank; 20, clean water input; 21, clean cistern; 22, the clean water pump of high pressure; 23, the second heating surface; 24, steam turbine.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Coal water slurry storage tank 2 entrances are connected with water-coal-slurry input 1, coal water slurry storage tank 2 outlets are connected with water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump 3 suction inlets, 3 outlets of water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump are connected with First Heat Exchanger 4 cold fluid entrances, First Heat Exchanger 4 cold fluid outlets are connected with the first heating surface 5 entrances, and the first heating surface 5 outlets are connected with 12 fuel inlets of hydro-thermal combustion reactor, oxidant storage tank 7 entrances are connected with oxidant input 6,7 outlets of oxidant storage tank are connected with oxidant high-pressure pump 8 suction inlets, 8 outlets of oxidant high-pressure pump are connected with the second heat exchanger 9 cold fluid entrances, the second heat exchanger 9 cold fluid outlets are connected with the 3rd heat exchanger 10 cold fluid entrances, the 3rd heat exchanger 10 cold fluid outlets are connected with the 4th heat exchanger 11 cold fluid entrances, and the 4th heat exchanger 11 cold fluid outlets are connected with hydro-thermal combustion reactor 12 oxidant inlets, 12 outlets of hydro-thermal combustion reactor are connected with high-pressure hydraulic cyclone 13 entrances, high-pressure hydraulic cyclone 13 outlet at bottoms are connected with storage slag chute 14, top exit is connected with the 5th heat exchanger 15 hot fluid entrances, the 5th heat exchanger 15 hot fluid outlets are connected with the 4th heat exchanger 11 hot fluid entrances, the 4th heat exchanger 11 hot fluid outlets are connected with First Heat Exchanger 4 hot fluid entrances, First Heat Exchanger 4 hot fluid outlets are connected with high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16 entrances, high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16 outlet at bottoms are connected with the hydraulic turbine 17 entrances, the hydraulic turbine 17 outlets are connected with coal water slurry storage tank 2 top entrances, high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16 top exits are connected with gas turbine 18 entrances, gas turbine 18 outlets are connected with the second heat exchanger 9 hot fluid imports, the second heat exchanger 9 outlets are connected with carbon dioxide storage tank 19 entrances, clean water input 20 connects clean cistern 21 entrances, clean cistern 21 outlet at bottoms are connected with high-pressure pump 22 suction inlets, 22 outlets of clean water high-pressure pump are connected with the 5th heat exchanger 15 cold fluid entrances, the 5th heat exchanger 15 cold fluid outlets are connected with the second heating surface 23 entrances, the second heating surface 23 outlets are connected with the steam inlet of steam turbine 24, steam turbine 24 steam (vapor) outlets are connected with the 3rd heat exchanger 10 hot fluid entrances, and the 3rd heat exchanger 10 hot fluid outlets are connected with clean cistern 21 upper entrances.
Workflow of the present invention can be described below: water-coal-slurry inputs to coal water slurry storage tank 2 through water-coal-slurry input 1, be pumped to First Heat Exchanger 4 through water under high pressure coal slurry pump 3 again, and interior heated at First Heat Exchanger 4, then water-coal-slurry enters the first heating surface 5 and carries out post bake, so far water-coal-slurry heating is complete, the fuel inlet that enters hydro-thermal combustion reactor 12.Oxidant inputs to oxidant storage tank 7 through oxidant input 6, pumped into successively the second heat exchanger 9, the 3rd heat exchanger 10 and the 4th heat exchanger 11 through hyperbaric oxygen agent pump 8 again, in three heat exchangers by stepped heating, then enter the first heating surface 5 and carry out post bake, so far oxidant heating is complete, enters the oxidant inlet of hydro-thermal combustion reactor 12.Water-coal-slurry and oxidant are in the combustion reaction of the interior generation hydro-thermal of hydro-thermal combustion reactor 12, and by water-coal-slurry completing combustion, liberated heat is for heating the fluid in the first heating surface 5 and the second heating surface 23.Product reserves from hydro-thermal combustion reactor 12 outlet at bottoms, and solid inorganic thing is removed system by high-pressure hydraulic cyclone 13, and the solid slag removing is collected with storage slag chute 14.The fluid-mixing such as carbon dioxide and supercritical water that high-pressure hydraulic cyclone 13 top exits reserve, successively through the 5th heat exchanger 15, the 4th heat exchanger 11, First Heat Exchanger 4, be cooled to the two-phase fluid of atmospheric carbon dioxide and liquid water, through high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16, practice separates atmospheric carbon dioxide with liquid water again.The water under high pressure of high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16 liquid outlets, expands after acting through the hydraulic turbine 17, enters coal water slurry storage tank 2, recycles.The isolated atmospheric carbon dioxide of high-pressure gas-liquid separator 16 by pressure energy utilization, is then cooled to liquid state through the second heat exchanger 9 by gas turbine 18 again, enters carbon dioxide storage tank 19 and collects.Clean water is inputted 20 by clean water and is inputed to clean cistern 21, pumping into the 5th heat exchanger 15 through the clean water pump 22 of high pressure again heats, enter afterwards the second heat exchanger 23 and continue to be heated to superheat state, enter subsequently steam turbine 24 acting generatings (steam turbine connection generator), enter the 3rd heat exchanger 10 from steam turbine 24 clean water out and be condensed to supercooled state, finally get back to clean cistern 21, recycle.
Table 1
| Legend | Title | Legend | Title |
| Stop valve | Flow direction | ||
| Globe valve | Input | ||
| Check-valves | Across pipe |
Legend implication in Fig. 1 is in table 1.
Claims (4)
1. the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal, it is characterized in that: coal water slurry storage tank entrance is connected with water-coal-slurry input, coal water slurry storage tank outlet is connected with water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of water-coal-slurry high-pressure pump is connected with First Heat Exchanger cold fluid entrance, the outlet of First Heat Exchanger cold fluid is connected with the first heating surface entrance, and the first heating surface outlet is connected with the fuel inlet of hydro-thermal combustion reactor, oxidant storage tank entrance is connected with oxidant input, the outlet of oxidant storage tank is connected with oxidant high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of oxidant high-pressure pump is connected with the second heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the second heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the 3rd heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the 3rd heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the 4th heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, and the 4th heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with hydro-thermal combustion reactor oxidant inlet, the outlet of hydro-thermal combustion reactor is connected with high-pressure hydraulic cyclone entrance, high-pressure hydraulic cyclone outlet at bottom is connected with storage slag chute, top exit is connected with the 5th exchanger heat fluid intake, the 5th exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with the 4th exchanger heat fluid intake, the 4th exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with First Heat Exchanger hot fluid entrance, the outlet of First Heat Exchanger hot fluid is connected with high-pressure gas-liquid separator entrance, high-pressure gas-liquid separator outlet at bottom is connected with hydraulic turbine entrance, hydraulic turbine outlet is connected with coal water slurry storage tank top entrance, high-pressure gas-liquid separator top exit is connected with gas turbine entrance, gas turbine outlet is connected with the second exchanger heat fluid inlet, the second heat exchanger exit is connected with carbon dioxide storage tank entrance, clean water input connects clean cistern entrance, clean cistern outlet at bottom is connected with high-pressure pump suction inlet, the outlet of clean water high-pressure pump is connected with the 5th heat exchanger cold fluid entrance, the 5th heat exchanger cold fluid outlet is connected with the second heating surface entrance, the second heating surface outlet is connected with the steam inlet of steam turbine, steam turbine steam (vapor) outlet is connected with the 3rd exchanger heat fluid intake, and the 3rd exchanger heat fluid issuing is connected with clean cistern upper entrance.
2. the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described the first heating surface and the second heating surface are arranged in hydro-thermal combustion reactor.
3. the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described clean water is once-through utility boiler feedwater, and described oxidant is liquid oxygen.
4. the overcritical hydro-thermal combustion power generation system of fire coal according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the water-coal-slurry that described water-coal-slurry is standard coal according to caloric value conversion, the mass concentration of standard coal is not less than 35wt%.
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| CN104445573A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 内蒙古天一环境技术有限公司 | Novel supercritical water oxidation comprehensive treatment system and method |
| CN105604618A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-25 | 华北电力大学 | Supercritical water pulverized coal direct oxidation composite working medium circulating power generating system and method |
| CN105840312A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-08-10 | 东南大学 | Liquid fuel-liquid oxygen high pressure direct combustion steam power system |
| CN107500462A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 广州中国科学院先进技术研究所 | A kind of supercritical water oxidation system and its startup method |
| CN107619687A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-23 | 广西汽能壹号节能技术有限公司 | Overcritical flash pyrolysis coal gas material condensation reduction apparatus |
| CN113685159A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device and method with safety guarantee |
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| CN114046172A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-15 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Coal fire treatment and utilization system and method based on carbon dioxide process and modular design |
| CN115013102A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-09-06 | 成都科衡环保技术有限公司 | Coal clean utilization thermodynamic system and operation method thereof |
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| CN107619687A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-23 | 广西汽能壹号节能技术有限公司 | Overcritical flash pyrolysis coal gas material condensation reduction apparatus |
| CN113685159A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device and method with safety guarantee |
| CN113756772A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-07 | 西安交通大学 | Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system and process suitable for high-viscosity fuel |
| CN113685159B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-06-21 | 西安交通大学 | Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device and method with safety guarantee |
| CN114046172A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-15 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Coal fire treatment and utilization system and method based on carbon dioxide process and modular design |
| CN114046172B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-07-14 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | System and method for treating and utilizing coal fire based on carbon dioxide process and modularized design |
| CN115013102A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-09-06 | 成都科衡环保技术有限公司 | Coal clean utilization thermodynamic system and operation method thereof |
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