CN110404387A - CO2 Resource Utilization System and Device for Solar Auxiliary Coal-fired Unit - Google Patents

CO2 Resource Utilization System and Device for Solar Auxiliary Coal-fired Unit Download PDF

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CN110404387A
CN110404387A CN201910552644.4A CN201910552644A CN110404387A CN 110404387 A CN110404387 A CN 110404387A CN 201910552644 A CN201910552644 A CN 201910552644A CN 110404387 A CN110404387 A CN 110404387A
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resource utilization
coal
denitration
solar
desulfurization
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王继选
高艳丰
刘小贞
孟鑫
张相洲
靳松
高俊如
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Hebei University of Engineering
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,包括燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统;所述燃煤发电系统包括依次连接的省煤器、锅炉、汽轮机、凝汽器及凝结水泵,所述凝结水泵与省煤器相连;所述脱硝脱硫系统包括依次相连的液氨蒸发器、氨气/空气混合器、氨喷射网格设备、脱硝反应器、空气预热器、电除尘器及脱硫系统,所述氨喷射网格设备与省煤器相连。本发明的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,液氨脱硝系统、脱硫系统、单乙醇胺脱碳系统、CO2资源化利用系统等,能够完成对燃煤机组烟气中的NOx、SO2、CO2进行脱除,实现燃煤机组烟气减排的同时,实现CO2资源的再循环利用。

The invention provides a CO 2 resource utilization system and device for a solar-assisted coal-fired unit, including a coal-fired power generation system, a denitration and desulfurization system, a monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system, and a CO 2 resource utilization system; the coal-fired power generation system It includes an economizer, a boiler, a steam turbine, a condenser and a condensate pump connected in sequence, and the condensate pump is connected with the economizer; the denitration and desulfurization system includes a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia gas/air mixer, Ammonia injection grid equipment, denitration reactor, air preheater, electrostatic precipitator and desulfurization system, the ammonia injection grid equipment is connected with the economizer. The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device, the liquid ammonia denitration system, the desulfurization system, the monoethanolamine decarbonization system, the CO 2 resource utilization system, etc., of the present invention can complete the removal of NO in the flue gas of the coal-fired unit. x , SO 2 , and CO 2 are removed to realize the recycling of CO 2 resources while reducing the emission of flue gas from coal-fired units.

Description

太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置CO2 Resource Utilization System and Device for Solar Auxiliary Coal-fired Unit

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种燃煤机组设备,尤其是一种太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置。The invention relates to equipment of a coal-fired unit, in particular to a CO 2 resource utilization system and device of a solar-assisted coal-fired unit.

背景技术Background technique

联合国环境规划署(UNEP)2013年末出台的《环境署排放情况差距报告》指出,世界在努力减少温室气体排放方面成绩不佳,即便各国兑现了当前的气候承诺,2020年温室气体的排放量很可能相当于80到120亿吨CO2当量,这要超出所建议的世界气温上升幅度低于2℃的建议水平。面对日益增长的环境危机,不断变化的气候格局,现已有多个全球和地区协议来解决环境问题,如《21世纪议程》(UNCED1992)、《约翰内斯堡行动计划》(WSSD2002)、《长程越界空气污染公约》(CLRTAP)(UNECE 1979)等。燃煤发电机组是CO2、NOx集中、稳定的排放源,目前碳捕集技术主要以单乙醇胺(MEA)化学吸收法为主,NOx的脱除主要以液氨法为主。燃烧后脱碳脱硝系统中吸收剂和还原剂需要消耗大量的热能,传统方法是以机组抽汽作为脱碳脱硝系统的热源,这对机组的经济安全运行相当不利。太阳能集热器为脱碳系统再沸器、脱硝系统液氨蒸发器和CO2资源化利用系统水溶液装置提供热源。将分离之后的CO2资源化利用,并为锅炉提供可燃燃料,不仅使得CO2得到了资源化利用,而且减少了对环境温室效应的贡献。这样既满足了碳减排的要求,达到了资源循环利用的目的,可整体提高系统的经济性。The UNEP Emissions Gap Report, released in late 2013, pointed out that the world is not doing well in its efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and even if countries meet their current climate commitments, greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 will be very high. Probably the equivalent of 8 to 12 billion tonnes of CO2 -equivalent, which is beyond the recommended level for a rise in world temperature of less than 2°C. Facing the growing environmental crisis and changing climate pattern, there are now several global and regional agreements to address environmental issues, such as Agenda 21 (UNCED1992), Johannesburg Action Plan (WSSD2002), Long-Range Crossing Convention on Air Pollution (CLRTAP) (UNECE 1979) etc. Coal-fired generating units are the concentrated and stable emission source of CO 2 and NOx. At present, the carbon capture technology is mainly based on the monoethanolamine (MEA) chemical absorption method, and the removal of NOx is mainly based on the liquid ammonia method. The absorbent and reducing agent in the post-combustion decarburization and denitrification system need to consume a lot of heat energy. The traditional method uses the unit extraction steam as the heat source of the decarbonization and denitrification system, which is quite unfavorable for the economic and safe operation of the unit. The solar collector provides heat source for the reboiler of the decarbonization system, the liquid ammonia evaporator of the denitration system and the aqueous solution device of the CO 2 resource utilization system. Resource utilization of CO 2 after separation and provide combustible fuel for boilers not only makes CO 2 resource utilization, but also reduces the contribution to the environmental greenhouse effect. This not only meets the requirements of carbon emission reduction, but also achieves the purpose of resource recycling, and can improve the overall economy of the system.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供了一种太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置。The invention provides a CO 2 resource utilization system and device for a solar-assisted coal-fired unit.

实现本发明目的的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,包括燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统、可燃燃料再循环系统;The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device for realizing the purpose of the present invention include a coal-fired power generation system, a denitration and desulfurization system, a monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system, a CO 2 resource utilization system, and a combustible fuel recycling system;

所述燃煤发电系统包括依次连接的省煤器、锅炉、汽轮机、凝汽器及凝结水泵,所述凝结水泵与省煤器相连;The coal-fired power generation system includes an economizer, a boiler, a steam turbine, a condenser and a condensate water pump connected in sequence, and the condensate water pump is connected to the economizer;

所述脱硝脱硫系统包括依次相连的液氨蒸发器、氨气/空气混合器、氨喷射网格设备、脱硝反应器、空气预热器、电除尘器及脱硫系统,所述氨喷射网格设备与省煤器相连;The denitration and desulfurization system includes a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia gas/air mixer, an ammonia injection grid device, a denitration reactor, an air preheater, an electrostatic precipitator and a desulfurization system that are connected in sequence. connected to the economizer;

所述单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统包括依次相连的吸收塔、第一溶液泵、第二溶液换热器、再生塔、再沸器,所述第二溶液换热器与再生塔之间还设有第二溶液泵,所述吸收塔与第二溶液换热器之间还依次设有第一溶液换热器和混合器,所述再生塔还连接有资源化利用系统,所述吸收塔与脱硫系统相连;The monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system includes an absorption tower, a first solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a regeneration tower, and a reboiler connected in sequence, and there is also an arrangement between the second solution heat exchanger and the regeneration tower. The second solution pump, a first solution heat exchanger and a mixer are arranged between the absorption tower and the second solution heat exchanger in sequence, the regeneration tower is also connected with a resource utilization system, and the absorption tower is connected to the desulfurization tower. system connected;

所述太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,包括依次连接的CO2收集器、防爆管、水溶液装置、超高压脉冲发生器、可燃燃料罐、化学成分监测系统等。所述CO2收集器一端连接单乙醇胺系统捕集的高纯度的CO2,一端连接防爆管;所述可燃燃料罐与锅炉相连;所述太阳能集热器与水溶液装置相连,与再沸器相连;The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device includes a CO 2 collector, an explosion-proof pipe, an aqueous solution device, an ultra-high pressure pulse generator, a combustible fuel tank, a chemical composition monitoring system, etc. connected in sequence. One end of the CO 2 collector is connected to the high-purity CO 2 captured by the monoethanolamine system, and the other end is connected to an explosion-proof pipe; the combustible fuel tank is connected to the boiler; the solar heat collector is connected to the aqueous solution device and is connected to the reboiler ;

所述可燃燃料再循环系统,可燃燃料罐与锅炉相连。In the combustible fuel recirculation system, the combustible fuel tank is connected with the boiler.

本发明的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置的有益效果如下:The beneficial effects of the CO 2 resource utilization system and device of the solar-assisted coal-fired unit of the present invention are as follows:

(1)本发明的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,液氨脱硝系统、脱硫系统、单乙醇胺脱碳系统能够完成对燃煤机组烟气中的NOx、SO2、CO2进行脱除,CO2资源化利用系统可实现CO2资源化利用,可燃燃料再循环系统可实现CO2资源化之后为锅炉提供燃料,实现燃煤机组的烟气减排,又实现了CO2的再循环利用。(1) The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device of the present invention, the liquid ammonia denitration system, the desulfurization system, and the monoethanolamine decarbonization system can complete the removal of NOx, SO 2 , CO 2 in the flue gas of the coal-fired unit Removal, the CO 2 resource utilization system can realize the CO 2 resource utilization, and the combustible fuel recycling system can realize the CO 2 resource utilization to provide fuel for the boiler, realize the flue gas emission reduction of the coal-fired unit, and realize the CO 2 of recycling.

(2)充分利用太阳能为液氨蒸发器、再沸器、水溶液装置提供热源,减少化石燃料消耗。改善从机组抽汽或电加热为蒸发器供能的方式。(2) Make full use of solar energy to provide heat sources for liquid ammonia evaporators, reboilers, and aqueous solutions to reduce fossil fuel consumption. Improve the way steam extraction from the unit or electric heating powers the evaporator.

(3)利用捕集到的CO2,使其资源化转化为锅炉的燃料,实现CO2的再循环利用。(3) Utilize the captured CO 2 to convert it into the fuel of the boiler to realize the recycling of CO 2 .

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the CO 2 resource utilization system and device of the solar-assisted coal-fired unit of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

如图1所示,本发明的太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,包括燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统、可燃燃料再循环系统;As shown in Figure 1, the solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device of the present invention includes a coal-fired power generation system, a denitration and desulfurization system, a monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system, a CO 2 resource utilization system, and a combustible fuel recycling system. circulatory system;

所述燃煤发电系统包括依次连接的省煤器1、锅炉2、汽轮机3、凝汽器4及凝结水泵5,所述凝结水泵5与省煤器1相连;The coal-fired power generation system includes an economizer 1, a boiler 2, a steam turbine 3, a condenser 4 and a condensate water pump 5 connected in sequence, and the condensate water pump 5 is connected to the economizer 1;

所述脱硝脱硫系统包括依次相连的液氨蒸发器6、氨气/空气混合器7、氨喷射网格设备8、脱硝反应器9、空气预热器10、电除尘器11及脱硫系统12,所述氨喷射网格设备8与省煤器1相连;The denitration and desulfurization system includes a liquid ammonia evaporator 6, an ammonia gas/air mixer 7, an ammonia injection grid device 8, a denitration reactor 9, an air preheater 10, an electrostatic precipitator 11 and a desulfurization system 12, which are connected in sequence. The ammonia injection grid device 8 is connected to the economizer 1;

所述单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统包括依次相连的吸收塔13、第一溶液泵14、第二溶液换热器15、再生塔16、再沸器17,所述第二溶液换热器15与再生塔16之间还设有第二溶液泵18,所述吸收塔13与第二溶液换热器15之间还依次设有第一溶液换热器20和混合器19,所述再生塔16还连接有CO2收集器21,所述吸收塔13与脱硫系统12相连;The monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system includes an absorption tower 13, a first solution pump 14, a second solution heat exchanger 15, a regeneration tower 16, and a reboiler 17 connected in sequence, and the second solution heat exchanger 15 is connected to the regeneration A second solution pump 18 is also arranged between the towers 16, a first solution heat exchanger 20 and a mixer 19 are also arranged between the absorption tower 13 and the second solution heat exchanger 15, and the regeneration tower 16 is also arranged. A CO2 collector 21 is connected, and the absorption tower 13 is connected with the desulfurization system 12;

所述CO2资源化利用系统包括依次连接的CO2收集器21、防爆管24、水溶液装置25、超高压脉冲发生器26、可燃燃料罐27、化学成分监测系统28、太阳能集热器22、储能器23;所述太阳能集热器22为液氨蒸发器6、再沸器17、水溶液装置25提供热源;The CO2 resource utilization system includes a CO2 collector 21, an explosion-proof pipe 24, an aqueous solution device 25, an ultra-high pressure pulse generator 26, a combustible fuel tank 27, a chemical composition monitoring system 28, a solar collector 22, Accumulator 23; the solar heat collector 22 provides heat source for the liquid ammonia evaporator 6, the reboiler 17, and the aqueous solution device 25;

所述可燃燃料再循环系统包括依次连接的可燃燃料罐27、锅炉2。The combustible fuel recirculation system includes a combustible fuel tank 27 and a boiler 2 connected in sequence.

所述太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置中,燃煤发电系统通过省煤器1与脱硝脱硫系统连接;脱硝脱硫系统通过吸收塔13与脱碳系统连接,液氨蒸发器6和太阳能集热器22换热后产生氨气,氨气和空气在氨气/空气混合器7中混合后和烟气经由氨喷射网格设备8进入脱硝反应器9,脱硝后的烟气经空气预热器10、电除尘器11及脱硫系统12进入吸收塔13。吸收塔13底部连接第一溶液泵14,第一溶液泵连接第一溶液和第二溶液换热器15的入口,第一溶液和第二溶液换热器的出口与连接再生塔16连接,从再生塔出来的高纯CO2经压缩后输运至CO2收集器21;再生塔16下部连接再沸器17,太阳能集热器22为再沸器提供解吸热源使得CO2吸收剂再生,高温的贫液经过第二溶液泵18连接至第一溶液和第二溶液换热器15,经混合器19和第二溶液换热器20进入吸收塔再次和脱硝脱硫后的烟气反应完成循环利用。太阳能集热器22为液氨蒸发器6、再沸器17、水溶液装置5提供不同品位等级的热源,其温度在终端根据氨蒸发器6、再沸器17、水溶液装置5所设置的阀门调节(示意图中未画出氨蒸发器6、再沸器17、水溶液装置5所对应的阀门)。In the solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device, the coal-fired power generation system is connected to the denitration and desulfurization system through the economizer 1; the denitration and desulfurization system is connected to the decarbonization system through the absorption tower 13, and the liquid ammonia evaporator 6 After exchanging heat with the solar collector 22, ammonia gas is generated. After the ammonia gas and air are mixed in the ammonia gas/air mixer 7, the flue gas and the flue gas enter the denitration reactor 9 through the ammonia injection grid device 8, and the flue gas after denitration passes through. The air preheater 10 , the electrostatic precipitator 11 and the desulfurization system 12 enter the absorption tower 13 . The bottom of the absorption tower 13 is connected to the first solution pump 14, the first solution pump is connected to the inlet of the first solution and the second solution heat exchanger 15, and the outlet of the first solution and the second solution heat exchanger is connected to the connection regeneration tower 16, from The high-purity CO2 from the regeneration tower is compressed and transported to the CO2 collector 21; the lower part of the regeneration tower 16 is connected to a reboiler 17, and the solar collector 22 provides a desorption heat source for the reboiler to regenerate the CO2 absorbent, high temperature The lean liquid is connected to the first solution and the second solution heat exchanger 15 through the second solution pump 18, and enters the absorption tower through the mixer 19 and the second solution heat exchanger 20 to react with the flue gas after denitration and desulfurization to complete the recycling. . The solar heat collector 22 provides heat sources of different grades for the liquid ammonia evaporator 6, the reboiler 17 and the aqueous solution device 5, and its temperature is adjusted at the terminal according to the valves set in the ammonia evaporator 6, the reboiler 17 and the aqueous solution device 5. (The valves corresponding to the ammonia evaporator 6, the reboiler 17, and the aqueous solution device 5 are not shown in the schematic diagram).

本发明由五个系统组成:燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统、可燃燃料再循环系统。通过省煤器与喷氨网格设备,将燃煤发电系统与脱硝脱硫系统连接起来。通过脱硫系统与吸收塔,将脱硝脱硫系统与单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统连接起来。通过太阳能集热器与再沸器、液氨蒸发器、水溶液装置连接起来,将CO2资源化利用系统与单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统连接起来。上述连接实现了五个系统的有机结合。通过上述连接构成了太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置。The invention consists of five systems: a coal-fired power generation system, a denitration and desulfurization system, a monoethanolamine CO2 absorption system, a CO2 resource utilization system, and a combustible fuel recycling system. Through the economizer and ammonia injection grid equipment, the coal-fired power generation system is connected with the denitration and desulfurization system. Through the desulfurization system and the absorption tower, the denitration desulfurization system is connected with the monoethanolamine CO2 absorption system. The solar collector is connected with the reboiler, the liquid ammonia evaporator and the aqueous solution device, and the CO 2 resource utilization system is connected with the monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system. The above connection realizes the organic combination of the five systems. The above-mentioned connection constitutes a CO 2 resource utilization system and device for a solar-assisted coal-fired unit.

脱硝脱硫系统中液氨蒸发器的热源由太阳能集热器提供,改善由机组抽汽或电加热为液氨蒸发器提供热源的供能方式,减少了机组煤耗,提高了机组经济性与安全性。The heat source of the liquid ammonia evaporator in the denitrification and desulfurization system is provided by the solar collector, which improves the energy supply mode that the unit provides heat source for the liquid ammonia evaporator by steam extraction or electric heating, reduces the coal consumption of the unit, and improves the economy and safety of the unit .

脱碳系统中吸收剂的解吸热源由太阳能集热器器提供,改善由机组抽汽为再沸器提供热源的供能方式,减少了机组煤耗,提高了机组经济性与安全性。The desorption heat source of the absorbent in the decarbonization system is provided by the solar collector, which improves the energy supply mode of the unit extraction steam to provide the heat source for the reboiler, reduces the coal consumption of the unit, and improves the economy and safety of the unit.

CO2再循环系统中水溶液装置的热源由太阳能集热器提供。The heat source for the aqueous plant in the CO2 recirculation system is provided by solar collectors.

CO2再循环利用系统利用脱碳系统所捕集到的CO2作为工质,实现了CO2的再利用,有利于减缓温室效应。The CO 2 recycling system utilizes the CO 2 captured by the decarbonization system as a working fluid, which realizes the reuse of CO 2 and is conducive to slowing down the greenhouse effect.

上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神前提下,本领域普通工程技术人员对本发明技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明的权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only to describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1.太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,其特征在于:包括燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统、可燃燃料再循环系统;1. A solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device, characterized in that: it includes a coal-fired power generation system, a denitration and desulfurization system, a monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system, a CO 2 resource utilization system, and a combustible fuel recycling system; 所述太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,燃煤发电系统、脱硝脱硫系统、单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统、CO2资源化利用系统、可燃燃料再循环系统等依次相连;The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device, the coal-fired power generation system, the denitration and desulfurization system, the monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system, the CO 2 resource utilization system, the combustible fuel recycling system, etc. are connected in sequence; 所述脱硝脱硫系统包括依次相连的液氨蒸发器、氨气/空气混合器、氨喷射网格设备、脱硝反应器、空气预热器、电除尘器及脱硫系统,所述氨喷射网格设备与省煤器相连;The denitration and desulfurization system includes a liquid ammonia evaporator, an ammonia gas/air mixer, an ammonia injection grid device, a denitration reactor, an air preheater, an electrostatic precipitator and a desulfurization system that are connected in sequence. connected to the economizer; 所述单乙醇胺CO2吸收系统包括依次相连的吸收塔、第一溶液泵、第二溶液换热器、再生塔、再沸器,所述第二溶液换热器与再生塔之间还设有第二溶液泵,所述吸收塔与第二溶液换热器之间还依次设有第一溶液换热器和混合器,所述再生塔还连接有资源化利用系统,所述吸收塔与脱硫系统相连,CO2资源化利用系统与锅炉相连;The monoethanolamine CO 2 absorption system includes an absorption tower, a first solution pump, a second solution heat exchanger, a regeneration tower, and a reboiler connected in sequence, and there is also an arrangement between the second solution heat exchanger and the regeneration tower. The second solution pump, a first solution heat exchanger and a mixer are arranged between the absorption tower and the second solution heat exchanger in sequence, the regeneration tower is also connected with a resource utilization system, and the absorption tower is connected to the desulfurization tower. The system is connected, and the CO 2 resource utilization system is connected with the boiler; 所述太阳能辅助燃煤机组CO2资源化利用系统及装置,包括依次连接的CO2收集器、防爆管、水溶液装置、超高压脉冲发生器、可燃燃料罐、化学成分监测系统等。所述CO2收集器一端连接单乙醇胺系统捕集的高纯度的CO2,一端连接防爆管;所述可燃燃料罐与锅炉相连;所述太阳能集热器与水溶液装置相连,与再沸器相连;The solar-assisted coal-fired unit CO 2 resource utilization system and device includes a CO 2 collector, an explosion-proof pipe, an aqueous solution device, an ultra-high pressure pulse generator, a combustible fuel tank, a chemical composition monitoring system, etc. connected in sequence. One end of the CO 2 collector is connected to the high-purity CO 2 captured by the monoethanolamine system, and the other end is connected to an explosion-proof pipe; the combustible fuel tank is connected to the boiler; the solar heat collector is connected to the aqueous solution device and is connected to the reboiler ; 所述可燃燃料再循环系统,可燃燃料罐与锅炉相连。In the combustible fuel recirculation system, the combustible fuel tank is connected with the boiler.
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