CN103923312A - High-strength and low-retraction casting nylon composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and low-retraction casting nylon composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-strength and low-retraction casting nylon composite material and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of modification of casting nylon. The method adopts ultrashort glass fiber, and utilizes in-situ polymerization of negative ions of lactam to realize the purposes of improving the mechanical strength of the casting nylon and improving the size stability simultaneously. The high-strength and low-retraction casting nylon composite material and the preparation method have the advantages that the mechanical strength and the size stability of the casting nylon are greatly improved, the operation process is simple, and the prepared composite material is good in surface quality without floating fiber, is excellent in performance and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength and preparation method thereof, belong to nylon monomer-cast nylon modification field.
Background technology
Nylon monomer-cast nylon is called for short MC nylon, is a kind of engineering plastics that are widely used in the industrial circles such as petrochemical complex, machinery and weaving.Along with the expansion of range of application and the raising that material indices is required in the industry, nylon monomer-cast nylon need to be further improved at aspects such as mechanical strength and precision.
The conventional nylon monomer-cast nylon shrinking percentage without glass fibre filling is large, mechanical strength is general, causes product in the deviation of size and the deficiency of mechanical property.While adopting common glass modified cast nylon, glass in matrix minute laxity and convergency poor, cause product surface floating fine serious, affect outward appearance and use.Ultrashort glass is to utilize the loose glass precursor fine pruning of oversubscription to make, and compared with common glass, in body material, disperses soon, and convergency is even and surface mobility good.Utilize ultrashort glass modified cast nylon, can to a certain degree improve the mechanical strength of matrix material, significantly improve dimensional stability and apparent mass simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The present invention adopts ultrashort glass fibre, utilizes the anionic in-situ polymerization of lactan to prepare the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength, and object improves material precision and apparent mass when being to improve nylon monomer-cast nylon mechanical strength.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength, its component by following weight part is made:
100 parts, lactan,
5～55 parts of ultrashort glasses,
0.2～2 part of basic catalyst,
0.2～1.5 part of initiator,
0～5 part of thermo-stabilizer.
Described lactan is hexanolactam or laurolactam.
Described ultrashort Length of Glass Fiber is 50～1000 μ m.
Described basic catalyst is sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate.
Described initiator is tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Described thermo-stabilizer is Zinic stearas or calcium stearate.
Described matrix material preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) lactan that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 5～55 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer of 0～5 weight part, be placed in silane coupler solution and carry out surface treatment 10～30min, then in 70～90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1～3h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in lactan, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst of 0.2～2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 10～30min under 130～155 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator of 0.2～1.5 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130～170 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10～30min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Silane coupler solution in described step (2) is the alcoholic solution of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550) or γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane (KH560).
In described alcoholic solution, the weight concentration of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane is 10%～40%.
Inventor's beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts ultrashort glass fibre, utilizes the anionic in-situ polymerization of lactan to prepare the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength, and object improves material precision and apparent mass when being to improve nylon monomer-cast nylon mechanical strength.
2, the present invention has significantly improved mechanical strength and the dimensional stability of nylon monomer-cast nylon, and operating process is simple, and prepared composite material surface quality is good without floating fine, superior performance, is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
specific implementation method
Below in conjunction with specific examples, content of the present invention is further detailed; but described embodiment is not the simple restriction to connotation of the present invention, any simple change of having done based on connotation of the present invention or be equal within replacement all should belong to the present invention's scope required for protection.
The sample of preparation regulates after 24 hours under 23 ℃, 50% humidity, adopts respectively ASTM D790 and ASTM D955 to detect flexural strength and shrinking percentage.
Specific embodiments of the invention are as follows:
example 1
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 5 weight parts, be placed in 10% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane methanol solution and carry out surface treatment 10min, then in 70 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in hexanolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium hydroxide of 0.2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 30min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator tolylene diisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 170 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 2
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 10 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 1 weight part, be placed in 20% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane methanol solution and carry out surface treatment 10min, then in 70 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in hexanolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium hydroxide of 0.2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 30min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator tolylene diisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 170 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 3
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 15 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 1 weight part, be placed in 30% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane methanol solution and carry out surface treatment 10min, then in 70 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in hexanolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium hydroxide of 0.2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 30min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator tolylene diisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 170 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 4
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 20 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 1 weight part, be placed in 40% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane methanol solution and carry out surface treatment 10min, then in 70 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in hexanolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium hydroxide of 0.2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 20min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator diphenylmethanediisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 150 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 5
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 25 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 3 weight parts, be placed in 40% γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane methanol solution and carry out surface treatment 20min, then in 80 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in hexanolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium hydroxide of 1 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 20min under 145 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator diphenylmethanediisocyanate of 1 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 150 ℃, after insulation polymerization 20min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 6
(1) laurolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 30 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 3 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 10% and carry out surface treatment 20min, then in 80 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in laurolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 1 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 20min under 145 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator diphenylmethanediisocyanate of 1 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 150 ℃, after insulation polymerization 20min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 7
(1) laurolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 35 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 3 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 20% and carry out surface treatment 20min, then in 80 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in laurolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 1 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 145 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 1 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130 ℃, after insulation polymerization 20min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 8
(1) laurolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 40 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 5 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 30% and carry out surface treatment 30min, then in 90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 3h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in laurolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 2 weight parts, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 155 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 1.5 weight parts, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130 ℃, after insulation polyase 13 0min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 9
(1) laurolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 45 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 5 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 40% and carry out surface treatment 30min, then in 90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 3h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in laurolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 2 weight parts, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 155 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 1.5 weight parts, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130 ℃, after insulation polyase 13 0min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
example 10
(1) laurolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 55 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer Zinic stearas of 5 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 40% and carry out surface treatment 30min, then in 90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 3h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in laurolactam, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 2 weight parts, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 155 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 1.5 weight parts, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130 ℃, after insulation polyase 13 0min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table one.
case of comparative examples 1
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 2 weight parts, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(3) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 150 ℃, after insulation polyase 13 0min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes pure cast nylon composite material.
Prepared nylon monomer-cast nylon material property is in Table one.
case of comparative examples 2
(1) hexanolactam that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the glass that grinds of 50 weight parts, be placed in γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane ethanolic soln of 40% and carry out surface treatment 30min, then in 90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in lactan, add in above-mentioned steps (2) and to grind glass, the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to after surface treatment;
(4) add the basic catalyst sodium methylate of 2 weight parts, vacuum hydro-extraction 10min under 130 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator hexamethylene diisocyanate of 0.2 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 150 ℃, after insulation polyase 13 0min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes and grinds glass modified cast nylon matrix material.
Prepared cast nylon composite material performance is in Table 1.
Table 1:
| Performance | Flexural strength (MPa) | Shrinking percentage (%) | Floating fine degree |
| Embodiment 1 | 105 | 2.85 | Slightly |
| Embodiment 2 | 112 | 2.70 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 3 | 116 | 2.55 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 4 | 124 | 2.20 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 5 | 130 | 1.98 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 6 | 136 | 1.60 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 7 | 144 | 1.30 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 8 | 151 | 1.10 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 9 | 155 | 0.65 | Nothing |
| Embodiment 10 | 160 | 0.35 | Slightly |
| Case of comparative examples 1 | 100 | 3.00 | Seriously |
| Case of comparative examples 2 | 120 | 2.80 | Seriously |
The cast nylon composite material flexural strength of preparing by present method is 160MPa(example 10 to the maximum), purer nylon monomer-cast nylon (case of comparative examples 1) and grind glass modified cast nylon (case of comparative examples 2) and improve respectively 60.0% and 33.3%; Shrinking percentage minimum is 0.35, is respectively pure nylon monomer-cast nylon and grinds 11.7% and 12.5% of glass modified cast nylon.The present invention has significantly improved mechanical strength and the dimensional stability of nylon monomer-cast nylon, and operating process is simple, and prepared composite material surface quality is good without floating fine, superior performance, is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength, is characterized in that, by the component of following weight part, is made:
100 parts, lactan,
5～55 parts of ultrashort glasses,
0.2～2 part of basic catalyst,
0.2～1.5 part of initiator,
0～5 part of thermo-stabilizer.
2. the low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described lactan is hexanolactam or laurolactam.
3. the low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ultrashort Length of Glass Fiber is 50～1000 μ m.
4. low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, described basic catalyst is sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate.
5. low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, described initiator is tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethanediisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
6. low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, described thermo-stabilizer is Zinic stearas or calcium stearate.
7. the preparation method of the low contraction cast nylon composite material of a kind of high strength described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) lactan that takes 100 weight parts is placed in reaction vessel, under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to melting, vacuum hydro-extraction;
(2) get the ultrashort glass of 5～55 weight parts and the thermo-stabilizer of 0～5 weight part, be placed in silane coupler solution and carry out surface treatment 10～30min, then in 70～90 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 1～3h;
(3) under nitrogen atmosphere protection, in lactan, add the ultrashort glass after surface treatment in above-mentioned steps (2), the ultrasonic uniform state that is dispersed to;
(4) add the basic catalyst of 0.2～2 weight part, vacuum hydro-extraction 10～30min under 130～155 ℃ of conditions;
(5) in the solution of above-mentioned preparation, add the initiator of 0.2～1.5 weight part, mix the mould that rear rapid injection is preheating to 130～170 ℃, after insulation polymerization 10～30min, cooling and demolding under room temperature, makes the low contraction cast nylon composite material of high strength.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the silane coupler solution in described step (2) is the alcoholic solution of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: in described alcoholic solution, the weight concentration of γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane or γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl trimethoxy silicane is 10%～40%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830053A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-08-12 | 杭州师范大学 | Caprolactam-laurolactam co-polymer modified by glass fiber and preparation method of powder thereof |
| CN105418912A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 合肥仲农生物科技有限公司 | Modified cast composite material |
| CN106279675A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-01-04 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of potassium titanate crystal whisker modified cast nylon composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN113683773A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 扬州尼尔工程塑料有限公司 | Method for synergistically enhancing MC nylon composite material by using nano particles |
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| CN1134431A (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1996-10-30 | 白玉泉 | MC nylon modifying copolymer |
| CN102977361A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-03-20 | 湖南汇中新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 by in situ polymerization |
| CN103289381A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-11 | 四川大学 | In-situ reinforced and toughened MC nylon 6 composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1032345A (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1989-04-12 | 华洪良 | Strengthen moulded nylon with self-tubricating |
| CN1134431A (en) * | 1996-01-29 | 1996-10-30 | 白玉泉 | MC nylon modifying copolymer |
| CN102977361A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-03-20 | 湖南汇中新材料有限公司 | Method for preparing glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 by in situ polymerization |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104830053A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-08-12 | 杭州师范大学 | Caprolactam-laurolactam co-polymer modified by glass fiber and preparation method of powder thereof |
| CN106279675A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2017-01-04 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of potassium titanate crystal whisker modified cast nylon composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418912A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-23 | 合肥仲农生物科技有限公司 | Modified cast composite material |
| CN113683773A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-23 | 扬州尼尔工程塑料有限公司 | Method for synergistically enhancing MC nylon composite material by using nano particles |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
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Inventor after: Yang Guisheng Inventor after: Li Xiao Inventor before: Yang Guisheng Inventor before: Li Niao |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20140716 |