CN103915925A - Rotor structure for permanent magnet synchronous motor with step-shaped permanent magnets - Google Patents
Rotor structure for permanent magnet synchronous motor with step-shaped permanent magnets Download PDFInfo
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- CN103915925A CN103915925A CN201410143378.7A CN201410143378A CN103915925A CN 103915925 A CN103915925 A CN 103915925A CN 201410143378 A CN201410143378 A CN 201410143378A CN 103915925 A CN103915925 A CN 103915925A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rotor structure for a permanent magnet synchronous motor with step-shaped permanent magnets. The permanent magnets of all poles in the rotors structure are of a step shape. The maximum of the thickness of the permanent magnets in the magnetizing direction appears in the middle of one magnetic pole, and the minimums of the thickness of the permanent magnets in the magnetizing direction appear on the two sides of the permanent magnet of the magnetic pole. The thickness of the permanent magnets in the magnetizing direction is in transition from the middle position of the maximum thickness in the magnetizing direction to the two sides of the minimum thickness in the magnetizing direction, and the transition process is stepped transition. By the adoption of the structure, the magnetic potentials of the permanent magnets can be of a step shape, so that the odd harmonic content of the air-gap flux-density waveform of the motor is increased, and the air-gap flux-density waveform is improved to a certain degree with regard to line-shaped magnetic steel. In this way, the back-emf waveform of a winding will be improved, and then the eddy-current loss of the motor is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motors, being specifically related to a kind of permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure.
Background technology
Along with the maturation and complete gradually of designing permanent-magnet synchronous motor exploitation and control technology, and the development of permanent magnet aspect performance and industrialization, permagnetic synchronous motor had both had with it governor control characteristics that direct current machine is good, have again that ac motor structure is simple, easy to maintenance, stable, the advantage of dependable performance is and increasing in the demand of every field, development prospect is become better and better.At present, permagnetic synchronous motor is widely used in various servomotors, wind power generation field, electric automobile driving field and electric main shaft of digital control machine tool motor.
But the permagnetic synchronous motor of present stage, especially fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous motor, its harmonic content that exchanges winding back electromotive force is larger, the permagnetic synchronous motor of especially embedded concentrated winding, the conference of back electromotive force harmonic content causes motor eddy current loss to increase, temperature rise increases, and electric efficiency declines, and motor performance is had to comparatively serious impact.The large main cause of permagnetic synchronous motor winding back electromotive force harmonic content is that the waveform sine of air gap flux density of motor is poor, sneak into more even-order harmonic, make the air gap flux density of motor be rendered as trapezoidal wave, thereby the harmonic content of the back electromotive force of winding can be larger.In the design of salient pole induction machine, designer often adopts the method for non-uniform gap to obtain sinusoidal air gap flux density waveform, but this method is also inapplicable for permagnetic synchronous motor, just seems particularly important so find a kind of method of improving air gap flux density waveform that is applicable to permagnetic synchronous motor.
Can obtain magnetic flux Φ according to magnetic circuit ohm law and equal magnetic potential F divided by magnetic resistance R
m, under the same pole of motor, magnetic circuit is basic identical, and magnetic resistance is also basic identical, so the large place of magnetic potential will produce larger magnetic flux, also will in air gap, produce larger magnetic close.According to this principle as long as rationally control magnetic potential that permanent magnet produces and just can control the waveform of unloaded air gap flux density.And the magnetic potential of permanent magnet is directly proportional to the length on permanent magnet magnetizing direction, so the length on appropriate design permanent magnet magnetizing direction just can be controlled the waveform of air gap flux density, reach the object of improving air gap flux density waveform.
Therefore, how improving air-gap field waveform and back emf waveform is those skilled in the art's technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem solving
For fear of the deficiencies in the prior art part, it is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure that the present invention proposes a kind of permanent magnet, solves the poor problem of air gap flux density waveform sine of the concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous machine of fractional-slot.
Technical scheme
A kind of permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure, comprises rotor core 2, permanent magnet 3, every magnetic bridge 4, every magnetic air gap 6 and rotating shaft 5; It is characterized in that described permanent magnet 3 is stairstepping on one side, is the stairstepping magnet steel of yi word pattern on one side, and step-like opening is towards the center of rotor core and the axis coinciding of step-like center and rotor core 2; The stairstepping of described permanent magnet 3, taking middle thickness as H
maxstep centered by, both sides are N wide ladder, the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is vertical with the bottom surface of ladder permanent magnet.
The maximum thickness H of the arc magnetizing direction of described permanent magnet 3
maxwith minimum value H
minmeet relational expression:
wherein: α
pfor the pole embrace of motor.
Described N >=2.
It is described that from centre, the height to n step of both sides number is:
wherein: α
pfor the pole embrace of motor.
The thickness minimum value H of the arc magnetizing direction of described permanent magnet 3
minfor the road of design of electrical motor calculating 0.6～1 times of permanent magnet thickness.
The width every magnetic air gap 6 at described permanent magnet 3 two ends is 1～1.5 times of permanent magnet minimum thickness, every the length of magnetic air gap ensure design of electrical motor every magnetic bridge thickness requirement.
Described is 1～2 millimeter every magnetic bridge thickness.
Beneficial effect
A kind of permanent magnet that the present invention proposes is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure, in this rotor structure, each utmost point permanent magnet is stairstepping, the maximum of its permanent magnet magnetizing direction thickness appears at the centre of a magnetic pole, minimum value appears at the both sides of this magnetic pole permanent magnet, the thickness of its permanent magnet magnetizing direction is transitioned into the thinnest place of magnetizing direction thickness, both sides by the thickest place of middle magnetizing direction thickness, and transient process is stairstepping transition.The magnetic potential that can make permanent magnet have by such structure presents stairstepping, thereby the odd harmonic content of the air gap flux density waveform of motor is increased, property is for yi word pattern magnet steel, the waveform of air gap flux density has obtained improvement to a certain degree, this will make winding back emf waveform be improved, and then reduces the eddy current loss of motor.
The present invention improves back emf waveform, reduces torque pulsation, reduces vibration and noise, reduce the eddy current loss of motor, improve the efficiency of motor, can reduce the temperature rise of rotor and permanent magnet simultaneously, improve the stability of motor operation, improve the combination property of motor.Its good manufacturability, its to processing instrument require low, easily realize.And because its magnetic pole is stairstepping, make motor definitely fixing in the radial position of rotating magnetic pole in title, can not occur to slide or skew, stable magnetic field, thus make motor performance more stable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: permanent magnet of the present invention is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structural representation
1 is stator core, and 2 is rotor core, and 3 is permanent magnet, and 4 is every magnetic bridge, and 5 is rotating shaft, and 6 is every magnetic air gap.
Embodiment
Now in conjunction with the embodiments, the invention will be further described for accompanying drawing:
The present invention is directed to permagnetic synchronous motor, especially concentrate winding permanent magnet synchronous machine for fractional-slot, a kind of rotor structure with stairstepping permanent magnet is provided, this structure has rotor core, trapezoidal permanent magnet and every magnetic air gap.Each utmost point of rotor core is equipped with permanent magnet and every magnetic air gap.
Each described permanent magnet in is extremely stairstepping, and the centre that the maximum of permanent magnet magnetizing direction thickness appears at a magnetic pole is H
max, the both sides that minimum value appears at this magnetic pole permanent magnet are H
min, wherein H
max> H
min, and the thickness of permanent magnet (is not H containing middle thickness by N wide ladder
maxstep) gradually by H
maxbe transitioned into H
min, wherein N>=2 and transition rule are about magnetic pole center line symmetry, and the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is vertical with the bottom surface of ladder permanent magnet.If the pole embrace of motor is designed to α
p, in the time of satisfied two conditions once of structural parameters, will obtain best effect of optimization:
Condition one, H
max, H
minand α
pmeet relational expression
The height of condition two, a n step (from centre to both sides number, it is the 0th that the highest middle step is calculated) is
So just can make the mid point of each step surface drop on same sine curve, thereby reach optimum optimization effect.
In this rotor structure, be provided with 1-2mm thick every magnetic air gap, be arranged on the part of every utmost point permanent magnet two ends near rotor core edge every magnetic air gap, can effectively reduce the leakage field between adjacent two opposite poles by this every arranging of magnetic air gap.Between magnetic air gap and motor gas-gap, be provided with every magnetic bridge, be actually the rotor core of thickness through appropriate design every magnetic bridge, in the time carrying out the specific design of rotor magnetic bridge thickness, should carry out stress analysis calculating, each every the suffered stress value of magnetic bridge meets the demands in guarantee, obtain the best size every magnetic bridge, thereby reduce the leakage field between adjacent pole, to ensure that motor performance reaches to provisioning request.
Specific embodiment is with reference to figure 1, and this figure is the specific embodiments of this permagnetic synchronous motor new type rotor structure, this Figure only shows 1/4th of whole electric machine structure.
Permagnetic synchronous motor in this example is the fractional slot permanent magnet synchronous motor of 12 groove 10 utmost points, has stator core 1, rotor core 2, and rotating shaft 5 runs through rotor core 2, and rotor core 2 drives rotating shaft 5 to rotate with respect to stator core 1.Rotor core 2 has 10 utmost points, and each utmost point is equipped with permanent magnet 3 and every magnetic bridge 4.Rotor core 2 be provided with equate with permanent magnet number every magnetic air gap 6, extend axially and run through whole rotor core 2 along rotor core 2 every magnetic air gap 6.And each extremely interior permanent magnet 3 is stairstepping, the maximum of its permanent magnet magnetizing direction thickness appears at the centre of a magnetic pole, minimum value appears at the both sides of this magnetic pole permanent magnet, the thickness of its permanent magnet magnetizing direction is transitioned into the thinnest place of magnetizing direction thickness, both sides by the thickest place of middle magnetizing direction thickness, and transient process is stairstepping transition.In figure, permanent magnet 3 distributes along the Central Symmetry of rotor core 2 cross sections, and this structure is conducive to reduce the content of the even-order harmonic in air gap flux density waveform, makes air gap flux density waveform more approach sinusoid.
The present embodiment is specifically of a size of: H
min=2mm,
h
max=8.3mm, H
0=H
1=5.8mm, H
2=H
min=2mm.
When machine operation, this stairstepping is the permanent magnet 3 of uniform thickness shape and structure not, its varied in thickness rule designs according to needed optimum optimization field waveform, its every utmost point permanent magnet 3 thick middle, two ends are thin, thereby larger near the air-gap field intensity of every utmost point permanent magnet 3 longitudinal axis, away from the air-gap field remitted its fury of axis, can make air-gap field waveform approach very much desirable sinusoidal waveform, thereby the back electromotive force that winding produces also will approach ideal sine wave very much.Than conventional magneto, the permagnetic synchronous motor eddy current loss with this rotor structure is very low, and torque pulsation is also less, has improved operational efficiency and the stability of motor.Make the Flux saturation of this part every the design of magnetic bridge 4, the magnetic flux that cannot reinject, has reduced leakage field, and the magnetic leakage factor of motor also will reduce.Due to the existence every magnetic air gap 6, there is less magnetic leakage factor for the magneto every magnetic bridge 4 of appropriate design than conventional magneto, also there is enough intensity, motor has higher operational efficiency and reliability.
Claims (7)
1. permanent magnet is a step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure, comprises rotor core (2), permanent magnet (3), every magnetic bridge (4), every magnetic air gap (6) and rotating shaft (5); It is characterized in that described permanent magnet (3) is on one side stairstepping, is the stairstepping magnet steel of yi word pattern on one side, and step-like opening is towards the center of rotor core and the axis coinciding of step-like center and rotor core (2); The stairstepping of described permanent magnet (3), taking middle thickness as H
maxstep centered by, both sides are N wide ladder, the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is vertical with the bottom surface of ladder permanent magnet.
2. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the maximum thickness H of the arc magnetizing direction of described permanent magnet (3)
maxwith minimum value H
minmeet relational expression:
wherein: α
pfor the pole embrace of motor.
3. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described N >=2.
4. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: institute
State from centre to the height of n step of both sides number and be:
wherein: α
pfor the pole embrace of motor.
5. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness minimum value H of the arc magnetizing direction of described permanent magnet (3)
minfor the road of design of electrical motor calculating 0.6～1 times of permanent magnet thickness.
6. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the width every magnetic air gap (6) at described permanent magnet (3) two ends is 1～1.5 times of permanent magnet minimum thickness, every the length of magnetic air gap ensure design of electrical motor every magnetic bridge thickness requirement.
7. permanent magnet is step-like permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described is 1～2 millimeter every magnetic bridge thickness.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410143378.7A CN103915925B (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Rotor structure for permanent magnet synchronous motor with step-shaped permanent magnets |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410143378.7A CN103915925B (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2014-04-10 | Rotor structure for permanent magnet synchronous motor with step-shaped permanent magnets |
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| CN103915925B CN103915925B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107255068A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-17 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | A kind of new energy motor air-conditioning compressor |
| CN107317456A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-03 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | A kind of new type of compression refrigerating plant |
| CN107359774A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-17 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | Collect magnetic control to linear electric motors |
| CN108599421A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-28 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Rotor punching, skewed pole rotor and motor |
| CN112751435A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 哈尔滨宇龙自动化有限公司 | Magnetic integrated eccentric magnetic pole structure of external rotor hub motor |
| CN113162488A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-23 | 深圳市航顺芯片技术研发有限公司 | Rotor position measuring method and control method of motor, motor rotor and motor |
| CN114665624A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-24 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor capable of reducing electromagnetic noise |
| CN115173667A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 河北工业大学 | Double-side modular short primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107255068A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-17 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | A kind of new energy motor air-conditioning compressor |
| CN107317456A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-03 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | A kind of new type of compression refrigerating plant |
| CN107359774A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-17 | 北海集磁电机开发有限责任公司 | Collect magnetic control to linear electric motors |
| CN108599421A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-28 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Rotor punching, skewed pole rotor and motor |
| CN112751435A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 哈尔滨宇龙自动化有限公司 | Magnetic integrated eccentric magnetic pole structure of external rotor hub motor |
| CN112751435B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-08-19 | 哈尔滨宇龙自动化有限公司 | Magnetic integrated eccentric magnetic pole structure of external rotor hub motor |
| CN113162488A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-23 | 深圳市航顺芯片技术研发有限公司 | Rotor position measuring method and control method of motor, motor rotor and motor |
| CN113162488B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-07-26 | 深圳市航顺芯片技术研发有限公司 | Rotor position measuring method and control method of motor, motor rotor and motor |
| CN114665624A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-06-24 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor capable of reducing electromagnetic noise |
| CN115173667A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 河北工业大学 | Double-side modular short primary permanent magnet transverse flux linear motor |
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| CN103915925B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
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