CN103913288A - Rainbow schlieren measurement imaging system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rainbow schlieren measurement imaging system and method. The rainbow schlieren measurement imaging system comprises a light source, a first focusing lens, a slit diaphragm, a first collimating lens, a flow field observation area, a second focusing lens, a rainbow filtering piece, a second collimating lens, a digital micro array lens, a converge lens, a three-color single-point photoelectric detector and a compression algorithm module, wherein the first focusing lens, the slit diaphragm, the first collimating lens, the flow field observation area, the second focusing lens, the rainbow filtering piece, the second collimating lens, the digital micro array lens, the converge lens and the three-color single-point photoelectric detector are sequentially arranged along a light signal output route of the light source, and the compression algorithm module is connected with the three-color single-point photoelectric detector through electric signals and used for reconstructing colorful images and working out density fluctuation distribution of an observation flow field according to a rainbow schlieren calculation method of the images. The rainbow schlieren measurement imaging method combines the compressed sensing theory and rainbow schlieren measurement, creatively provides a sparse rainbow schlieren measurement method, has the advantages of being high in throughput and signal-to-noise ratio, rapid and flexible, is suitable for common light intensity, dim light, faint light, super-faint light and single-photon rainbow schlieren measurement methods, and is a large-dynamic-range sparse rainbow schlieren measurement method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rainbow schlieren measure imaging field, relate in particular to a kind of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system and method based on compressed sensing.
Background technology
Since first Topler adopts schlieren measure technology quantitative measurment flow field, schlieren becomes routine measurement instrument in wind tunnel test gradually.Use schlieren measure fluid, compared with skiametry technology, have highly sensitively, image resolution ratio is stronger.Weak point is to be difficult to eliminate light path error, and picture contrast is poor, and quantitative measurment air-flow difficulty is larger.But, a kind of measuring technique that colour schlieren imaging system and analytical approach are just growing up for schlieren deficiency.Nineteen fifty-two, Britain Holder, D.W. and North, first R.J. has invented colour schlieren measuring method, and compared with schlieren measure technology, highly sensitive, picture contrast is higher; In schlieren field, solid presents black, and gas flow presents colour, and boundary condition can be simplified rear measurement and analysis; Colour schlieren is easier to recording image.Through long period development, Holder and North propose based on prism and slit and three look filter plate colour schlieren measuring methods; Cords proposes the colour schlieren measuring method based on filter plate and slit; The polychrome filter plate colour schlieren measuring method that Kaspar proposes.By last century, U.S. NASA, European ESA and Japanese JAXA adopt rainbow schlieren method to measure flame structure in microgravity environment at fall tower, Japanese Microgravity Falling well, freely falling body etc. of Lewis in short-term.The research work that China recent years has also been carried out rainbow schlieren method and measured flame structure, mechanics institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and scientist in Poland cooperation development correlative study, the normal interferometric method acquisition flow field density that adopts in wind tunnel test.Interferometric method is a kind of strict quantitative measurment technology, index distribution that can strict computational flow by flow field interferogram, and then by lattice Lars logical-Dell's constant formula can extrapolate flow field density and the gentle kinetic parameters of other fluid mechanics.Aspect shock tunnel and ballistic range test, the technology such as Mach interference, holographic interference and rainbow schlieren interference are applied, and have all utilized rainbow schlieren light path in these methods, and light path using this light path as object beam.Obtain test interferogram by these methods, and obtained the density quantitative values in flow field.
Rainbow schlieren imaging technology also has a wide range of applications at combustion field.Burning is the phenomenon that strong chemical reaction occurs for fuel and oxygenant, the interaction that its process relates to chemical reaction, flows, heat and mass etc. is complicated.Diagnostic techniques in microgravity combustion experiment, requires temperature, flow field, gas ingredients and concentration, solid particle composition and the concentration etc. that realize combustion process to carry out qualitative or quantitative measurment, and by data processing, combustion phenomena is analyzed.In the time that rainbow schlieren method acquired results is carried out to data processing, gone out illumination or the contrast of rainbow schlieren figure by optical field distribution image calculation, obtain laser deflection angle, calculate thus the index distribution in flow field, calculate again flow field density and change or density value, the left back Temperature Distribution that calculates flow field.
Rainbow schlieren imaging technology is to utilize the disturbance of air-flow to light wave, converts variations in flow to image.Along with the development of tunnel airstream research, particularly high speed shock wave research, is widely used rainbow schlieren imaging technology.In anti-stealthy aircraft imaging applications, infrared rainbow schlieren imaging is combined with passive optical ranging technology, can realize imaging and location to invisbile plane, its principle is mainly utilized in invisbile plane flight course, produce the violent disturbance of air-flow, the eddy current that formation scope is huge, the retention time is grown, by measuring the air trajectory of invisbile plane disturbance, measures invisbile plane indirectly.
Compressed sensing is to be proposed in 2004 by researchists such as E.J.Candes, J.Romberg, T.Tao and D.L.Donoho, as far back as last century, French mathematician Prony proposes sparse signal restoration methods, and this method is to estimate the non-zero magnitude of sparse trigonometric polynomial and corresponding frequency by separating eigenvalue problem; B.Logan proposes the sparse constraint method based on L1 Norm minimum the earliest.The compressive sensing theory developing is subsequently that L1 Norm minimum sparse constraint is combined with stochastic matrix, obtain the optimum of sparse signal reconstruction performance, the compressibility of compressed sensing based on signal, realizes the perception of high dimensional signal by lower dimensional space, low resolution, the irrelevant observation of owing Nyquist sampled data.Be widely used in the ambits such as information theory, image processing, geoscience, optics/microwave imaging, pattern-recognition, radio communication, atmospheric science, geoscience, physical astronomy, high-accuracy optical measurement.
Compressive sensing theory is that sampling and compression are carried out simultaneously, the priori of having utilized well natural sign to represent under certain sparse base, can realize the sub-sampling far below Nyquist/Shannon sampling limit, and can almost Perfect ground reconstruction signal information.It is applied is the most widely single pixel camera technology, it can use a point probe instead of planar array detector just can complete all detection missions, if this technology is applied in optics rainbow schlieren measure field, will reduce detection dimension, avoid optical noise and the electrical noise brought by planar array detector, and employing Digital Micromirror Device DMD, this is a passive optical component, can not bring any noise to signal, detector aspect also no longer needs prime amplifier, this external system can also be accomplished the high-speed sampling of 23kHz, this is that traditional planar array detector cannot be reached, the outer reconstruction algorithm of robust in addition, will cause how potential application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to compressive sensing theory to be applied to fluid rainbow schlieren measure field, thereby a kind of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system and method based on compressed sensing is provided.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system, it comprises: light source, for output optical signal; And the first condenser lens setting gradually along described light source output optical signal path, slit diaphragm, the first collimation lens, the second condenser lens, rainbow filter plate, the second collimation lens, digital microarray catoptron, plus lens and three look single-point photodetectors, flow observation region is between the first collimation lens and the second condenser lens; Compression algorithm module, it is connected with three look single-point photodetector electric signal, and for reconstruct coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field according to the rainbow schlieren computing method of image distributes.
Further, described slit diaphragm comprises slit and pinhole diaphragm, and this diaphragm is by the diaphragm parts of manual or motorized adjustment or replacing, or the standard form diaphragm of fixed measure.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system, it comprises: light source, for output optical signal; And the first condenser lens setting gradually along described light source output optical signal path, dispersing prism, the first collimation lens, the second condenser lens, slit, the second collimation lens, digital microarray catoptron, plus lens and three look single-point photodetectors, flow observation region is between the first collimation lens and the second condenser lens;
Compression algorithm module, it is connected with three look single-point photodetector electric signal, and for reconstruct coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field according to the rainbow schlieren computing method of image distributes.
Further, also comprise mirror unit, it comprises the first catoptron and the second catoptron, and described the first catoptron is located between described the first collimation lens and described flow observation region, for the emergent light of the first collimation lens is reflected into into observation area, flow field; Described the second catoptron is located between described flow observation region and described the second condenser lens, for the emergent light in described flow observation region is reflexed to the second condenser lens.
Further, the catoptron in described mirror unit is broadband deielectric-coating catoptron, metal film catoptron, dielectric laser line reflection mirror or cold and hot catoptron.
Further, described light source is white light source.
Further, described white light source is xenon lamp, Halogen lamp LED composition white light source, or adopts the super broadband light source of laser driven light source technology, and wavelength coverage is 170nm-2100nm, or utilizes multiple driving source to drive the luminous light source of photoconductive tube.
Further, described digital microarray catoptron adopts reflective and transmission-type LCD space light modulator.
Further, described three look single-point photodetectors are visible ray photodetector or single-photon detector.
Further, described three look single-point photodetectors are single-photon detector, and described single-photon detector is light avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier or superconducting single-photon detector.
Further, in described three look single-point detectors, comprise three independent optical detection devices, each optical detection device front end is installed a lenticule and red bluish-green three-colour filter, surveys respectively the light of red bluish-green three wavelength, then adopts three-primary colours palette algorithm to reconstruct coloured image.
Further, between described digital microarray catoptron and described three look single-point photodetectors, synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in described digital microarray catoptron once, described three look single-point photodetectors add up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then by extremely described compression algorithm module of electric signal transmission.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention also provides a kind of rainbow schlieren measure formation method, and it comprises:
Step 1, light source output optical signal, after the first condenser lens focuses on, by the spuious bias light of slit diaphragm filtering;
Step 2, after the first collimation lens beam-expanding collimation, incides flow observation region;
Step 3, after the second condenser lens converges, is converted to the light after deviation at lens focus place the coloured image of different colours by the light beam of described flow observation region outgoing through rainbow optical filter;
Step 4 incides digital microarray catoptron after the second collimation lens collimation, and light field is carried out to Stochastic Modulation;
Step 5 incides three look single-point photodetectors after plus lens converges, and the electric signal being converted to is delivered to compression algorithm module by described three look single-point photodetectors;
Step 6, through compression algorithm Restructuring Module coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field by the rainbow schlieren computing method to image distributes.
Further, in described step 2, the light beam after the first collimation lens beam-expanding collimation incides flow observation region after the first catoptron reflection.
Further, in described step 3, reflex to described the second condenser lens by the light beam of described flow observation region outgoing through the second catoptron and converge.
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with rainbow schlieren measure, the sparse rainbow schlieren measure of creationary proposition method, there is the feature of high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon rainbow schlieren measure mode, is a kind of sparse rainbow schlieren measure method of great dynamic range.
Adopt compressed sensing to combine and can realize high flux rainbow schlieren measure with rainbow schlieren measure, classical rainbow schlieren measure technology signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in the aspect measuring processes such as flame, wind-tunnel, air-flow is lower, especially in high speed, hypervelocity flow field measurement, environmental background disturbs larger, utilize this high flux feature, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of rainbow schlieren measure.
By this method, adopt single-photon detector and sparsely owe the combination of sampling, realizing quantum rainbow schlieren measure method, can realize the physical features in remote flow field is obtained.
Sparse rainbow schlieren measure is an important development direction in high-accuracy optical measurement field, has significant advantage at the aspect such as hot-fluid and gas-flow, is a kind of non-contacting high-precision optical measuring technique.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system of the compressed sensing based on prism and narrow slit structure of rainbow schlieren measure imaging system of the present invention.
Wherein: light source 1; The first condenser lens 2; Slit diaphragm 3; The first collimation lens 4; The first catoptron 5; Smooth observation area 6; The second catoptron 7; The second condenser lens 8; Rainbow filter plate 9; The second collimation lens 10; Numeral microarray catoptron 11; Plus lens 12; Three look single-point photodetectors 13; Compression algorithm module 14; Dispersing prism 15; Slit 16.
Embodiment
Hereinafter in connection with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated.It should be noted that, in the situation that not conflicting, the combination in any mutually of the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the application.
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with rainbow schlieren measure, the sparse rainbow schlieren measure of creationary proposition method, there is the feature of high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon rainbow schlieren measure mode, is a kind of sparse rainbow schlieren measure method of great dynamic range.Rainbow schlieren measure imaging system and method based on compressed sensing of the present invention adopted compressed sensing (Compressive Sensing, be called for short CS) principle, can be in the mode of stochastic sampling, ideally recover original signal by data sampling number (far below the limit of Nyquist/Shannon's sampling theorem) still less.First utilize priori, choose suitable sparse base Ψ, it is the most sparse making point spread function x obtain x ' after Ψ conversion; Under the condition of known measurements vector y, measurement matrix A and sparse base Ψ, set up mathematical model y=A Ψ x'+e, carry out protruding optimization by compressed sensing algorithm, obtain after x ', then by
be finally inversed by x; Then calculate deflection angle, calculate flow field density again by side-play amount, calculate thus flow field Temperature Distribution situation; At present, rainbow schlieren measure have based on prism slit method, optical filter slit method, three-colour filter send out, the method such as multi-color filter.
Be more than to compressive sensing theory algorithm and rainbow schlieren measure method explanation, specifically describe imaging measurement system of the present invention below with reference to compressed sensing principle.
Rainbow schlieren measure imaging system the first embodiment
Shown in figure 1, the first condenser lens 2, slit diaphragm 3, the first collimation lens 4, the second condenser lens 8, rainbow filter plate 9, the second collimation lens 10, digital microarray catoptron 11, plus lens 12 and three look single-point photodetectors 13 that the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system of the present embodiment comprises light source 1 and sets gradually along light source 1 output optical signal path.Smooth observation area 6 is between the first collimation lens 4 and the second condenser lens 8.Compression algorithm module 14 is connected with three look single-point photodetector 13 electric signal, and for reconstruct coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field according to the rainbow schlieren computing method of image distributes.
Shown in Fig. 1, for regulating the path of light source 1 output optical signal, in the present embodiment, also comprise mirror unit, mirror unit comprises the first catoptron 5 and the second catoptron 7, the first catoptron 5 is located between the first collimation lens 4 and flow observation region 6, for the emergent light of the first collimation lens 4 is reflected into into observation area, flow field 6; The second catoptron 7 is located between flow observation region 6 and the second condenser lens 8, for the emergent light in flow observation region 6 being reflexed to the second condenser lens 8.
By light source 1 output optical signal, after the first condenser lens 2 focuses on, by the spuious bias light of slit diaphragm 3 filtering, then by after the first collimation lens 4 beam-expanding collimations, after the first catoptron 5 reflections, incide flow observation region 6, then after being input to the second condenser lens 8 and converging via the second catoptron 7 reflection, at lens focus place, the light after deviation is converted to the coloured image of different colours through rainbow optical filter 9, then after the second collimation lens 10 collimations, incide digital microarray catoptron 11, light field is carried out after Stochastic Modulation, after converging, plus lens 12 incides three look single-point photodetectors 13, pass through again compression algorithm module 14 reconstructed images, coloured image, finally calculate the variable density distribution in observation flow field by the rainbow schlieren computing method to image.
In the present embodiment, light source 1 is white light source, after the first condenser lens 2 focuses on, then is irradiated on slit diaphragm 3 and forms white point light source, and wherein white light source can form white light source by xenon lamp, Halogen lamp LED etc.; Also can be the super broadband light source that adopts laser driven light source technology, wavelength coverage can comprise 170nm-2100nm, and Output optical power is high, and stability of photoluminescence is high, long working life; In addition, also can adopt multi-wavelength solid state light emitter, utilize multiple driving source to drive the luminous light source of photoconductive tube.
Slit diaphragm 3 obtains the needed white point light source of rainbow schlieren measure, and the white point light source forming by slit diaphragm, by after light beam-expanding collimation lens 4 beam-expanding collimations, is input to catoptron 5 and reflexes in flow observation region; Wherein slit diaphragm 3 is realized the needed pointolite of rainbow schlieren measure, eliminates background stray light simultaneously, improves the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of light path system; Slit diaphragm comprises slit and pinhole diaphragm, and diaphragm can be by the diaphragm parts of manual or motorized adjustment or replacing, can be also standard form diaphragm of fixed measure etc.
The first catoptron 5 and the second catoptron 7, the white light after expanding, by catoptron 5, behind flow observation region 6, is irradiated on the second catoptron 7, then reflexes on the second condenser lens 8; Wherein, the catoptron adopting comprises broadband deielectric-coating catoptron, metal film catoptron, dielectric laser line reflection mirror, cold and hot catoptron etc., also comprise ultrafast, polished backside, circle and square, D shape, spill, cylinder concave surface, sharp state parabola, elliptical reflector etc., in addition, also comprise the passive or active optical component of beam splitter, prism etc. for reflecting; Above-mentioned these optical elements must be wide wavelength coverage elements, can make white light source all enter optical system.
Flow observation region 6 is the interactional regions in light and flow field, can be for fields such as microgravity flame combustion flow field survey, Flow Field in Wind Tunnel measurement, the tower Combustion Flow Field that falls measurement, the measurement of rocket Combustion Flow Field, liquid flow field measurement, vane cyclone measurement, gas jet measurements; Can be applied to symmetrical flow field, asymmetric flow field, supersonic flow field, gas mixing flow field, the astable flow field of bidimensional, three-dimensional flow field measurement etc.Rainbow optical filter 9, by catoptron 7, focuses on through the light line focus lens 8 of flow field deviation, rainbow optical filter is placed on to condenser lens focus place the light after deviation is converted to the coloured image of different colours.The different colours of coloured image represents the different side-play amounts of light deflection, deflection angle that thus can compute ray according to the focal length of condenser lens and side-play amount, thereby the density gradient of calculating, then calculate density field; It is to adopt film slr camera that designed optical filter is taken on film base that rainbow optical filter is made, film base after use is rinsed is as rainbow optical filter, in experimentation, select the time shutter adapting according to actual light intensity, in addition, according to light maximum deflection angle in flow field, determine the length of rainbow optical filter reality; In order to measure exactly the parameter in flow field, need to demarcate rainbow optical filter, in fixing yaw displacement amount, carry out curve fitting according to obtained chromatic value, then will contrast and obtain the deflection of light side-play amount that accuracy rate is high through the data of calibrated matched curve parameter and actual measurement; The rainbow optical filter that also can use in addition non-linear gradually changed into rainbow optical filter and two-dimensional chromaticity to change.
Numeral microarray catoptron 11, illumination after collimation lens 10 collimations is mapped on digital microarray catoptron 11, then the coloured image after deviation is carried out after stochastic space optical modulation, to the coded image imaging after Stochastic Modulation, be then input to three look single-point photodetectors 13 by plus lens 12; Wherein digital array catoptron also can adopt other adjustable spatial light modulators such as reflective and transmission-type LCD space light modulator.
Plus lens unit is converged to the image after the random optical modulation of digital microarray mirror lens 11 a bit by plus lens 12, then incide three corresponding look single-point photodetectors 13, realize high flux imaging by plus lens 12, can be applied to the low light level, superweak photosynthetic single photon rainbow schlieren measure imaging aspect.
Three look single-point photodetectors 13 receive the light signal after plus lens 12 converges, and are then input to corresponding compression algorithm module 14, and wherein said three look single-point photodetectors can adopt visible ray photodetector or single-photon detector; Wherein single-photon detector can be visible ray avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier, superconducting single-photon detector etc.; Wherein in three look single-point detectors, comprise three independent optical detection devices, each element front end is installed a lenticule and red bluish-green three-colour filter, surveys respectively the light of red bluish-green three wavelength, then adopts three-primary colours palette algorithm to reconstruct coloured image.
Compression algorithm module 14 adopts following any one algorithm to realize compressed sensing: greedy reconstruction algorithm, coupling track algorithm MP, orthogonal coupling track algorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l0 reconstruction algorithm, l1 reconstruction algorithm, l2 reconstruction algorithm etc., and sparse base can adopt dct basis, wavelet basis, Fourier transform base, gradient base, gabor transform-based etc.; By using above-mentioned compression algorithm Restructuring Module to go out the image of red bluish-green three wavelength, and then by red bluish-green three color scheme look algorithm reconstruct coloured image.
Between numeral microarray catoptron 11 and three look single-point photodetectors 13, need to synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in numeral microarray catoptron 11 once, three look single-point photodetectors 13 add up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then deliver to corresponding compression algorithm module 14.
Rainbow schlieren measure imaging system the second embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, what the present embodiment rainbow schlieren measure imaging system adopted is prism slit method, the difference of itself and the first embodiment is: in system, use white light source, between the first condenser lens 2 and the first collimation lens 4, place dispersing prism 15, between the second condenser lens 8 and the second collimation lens 10, place slit 16, form compressed sensing rainbow schlieren measure imaging system and method based on prism slit mode.
Rainbow schlieren measure formation method embodiment
The present embodiment rainbow schlieren measure formation method comprises:
Step 1, by light source 1 output optical signal, after the first condenser lens 2 focuses on, by forming pointolite after the spuious bias light of slit diaphragm 3 filtering;
Step 2 after the first collimation lens 4 beam-expanding collimations, incides flow observation region 6 after the first catoptron 5 reflections;
Step 3, after being input to the second condenser lens 8 and converging, is converted to the light after deviation at the focus place of the second condenser lens 8 coloured image of different colours via the second catoptron 7 reflection through rainbow optical filter 9;
Step 4 then incides digital microarray catoptron 11 after the second collimation lens 10 collimations, and light field is carried out after Stochastic Modulation;
Step 5 incides three look single-point photodetector 13, three look single-point photodetectors 13 electric signal being converted to is delivered to compression algorithm module 14 after plus lens 12 converges;
Step, 6, compression algorithm module 14 reconstruct coloured images, the variable density that calculates observation flow field by the rainbow schlieren computing method to image distributes.
In above-mentioned steps 2, the light beam after the first collimation lens 4 beam-expanding collimations incides flow observation region 6 after the first catoptron 5 reflections.
In above-mentioned steps 3, reflex to described the second condenser lens 8 by the light beam of described flow observation region 6 outgoing through the second catoptron 7 and converge.
Described digital microarray mirror unit can load on information on the optical data field of one dimension or bidimensional, it is the Primary Component in the contemporary optics fields such as real-time optical information processing, adaptive optics and photometry calculation, this class device can be under the control of time dependent electric drive signal or other signals, change photodistributed amplitude or intensity, phase place, polarization state and wavelength on space, or incoherent light is changed into coherent light.Its kind has a variety of, mainly contains Digital Micromirror Device (Digital Micro-mirror Device is called for short DMD), frosted glass, liquid crystal light valve etc., the intensity modulation being modulated to including Modulation and Amplitude Modulation used here.
The DMD adopting in the present embodiment includes the thousands of arrays that are arranged on the micro mirror on hinge (DMD of main flow is made up of 1024 × 768 array, maximum can be to 2048 × 1152), each eyeglass is of a size of 14 μ m × 14 μ m(or 16 μ m × 16 μ m) and light that can a pixel of break-make, these micro mirrors are all suspending, carry out electronic addressing by the storage unit under each eyeglass with scale-of-two planed signal, just can allow each eyeglass 10～12 ° of left and right (getting in the present embodiment+12 ° and-12 °) that tilt to both sides with electrostatic means, this two states is designated as to 1 and 0, respectively corresponding " opening " and " pass ", in the time that eyeglass is not worked, they are in " berthing " state of 0 °.
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with rainbow schlieren measure, the sparse rainbow schlieren measure of creationary proposition method, there is the feature of high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon rainbow schlieren measure mode, is a kind of sparse rainbow schlieren measure method of great dynamic range.
1) adopt compressed sensing to combine and can realize high flux rainbow schlieren measure with rainbow schlieren measure, classical rainbow schlieren measure technology signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) in the aspect measuring processes such as flame, wind-tunnel, air-flow is lower, especially in high speed, hypervelocity flow field measurement, environmental background disturbs larger, utilize this high flux feature, can improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of rainbow schlieren measure.
2) by this method, adopt single-photon detector and sparsely owe the combination of sampling, realizing quantum rainbow schlieren measure method, can realize the physical features in remote flow field is obtained.
3) sparse rainbow schlieren measure is an important development direction in high-accuracy optical measurement field, has significant advantage at the aspect such as hot-fluid and gas-flow, is a kind of non-contacting high-precision optical measuring technique.
Professional should further recognize, unit and the algorithm steps of each example of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, for the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, composition and the step of each example described according to function in the above description in general manner.These functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can realize described function with distinct methods to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The software module that the method for describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can use hardware, processor to carry out, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in the storage medium of any other form known in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a rainbow schlieren measure imaging system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Light source, for output optical signal; And the first condenser lens setting gradually along described light source output optical signal path, slit diaphragm, the first collimation lens, the second condenser lens, rainbow filter plate, the second collimation lens, digital microarray catoptron, plus lens and three look single-point photodetectors, flow observation region is between the first collimation lens and the second condenser lens;
Compression algorithm module, it is connected with three look single-point photodetector electric signal, and for reconstruct coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field according to the rainbow schlieren computing method of image distributes.
2. rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described slit diaphragm comprises slit and pinhole diaphragm, and this diaphragm is by the diaphragm parts of manual or motorized adjustment or replacing, or the standard form diaphragm of fixed measure.
3. a rainbow schlieren measure imaging system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Light source, for output optical signal; And the first condenser lens setting gradually along described light source output optical signal path, dispersing prism, the first collimation lens, the second condenser lens, slit, the second collimation lens, digital microarray catoptron, plus lens and three look single-point photodetectors, flow observation region is between the first collimation lens and the second condenser lens;
Compression algorithm module, it is connected with three look single-point photodetector electric signal, and for reconstruct coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field according to the rainbow schlieren computing method of image distributes.
4. the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise mirror unit, it comprises the first catoptron and the second catoptron, described the first catoptron is located between described the first collimation lens and described flow observation region, for the emergent light of the first collimation lens is reflected into into observation area, flow field; Described the second catoptron is located between described flow observation region and described the second condenser lens, for the emergent light in described flow observation region is reflexed to the second condenser lens.
5. rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the catoptron in described mirror unit is broadband deielectric-coating catoptron, metal film catoptron, dielectric laser line reflection mirror or cold and hot catoptron.
6. the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as described in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described light source is white light source.
7. rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described white light source is xenon lamp, Halogen lamp LED composition white light source, or the super broadband light source of employing laser driven light source technology, wavelength coverage is 170nm-2100nm, or utilizes multiple driving source to drive the luminous light source of photoconductive tube.
8. the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as described in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described digital microarray catoptron adopts reflective and transmission-type LCD space light modulator.
9. the rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as described in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that, described three look single-point photodetectors are visible ray photodetector or single-photon detector.
10. rainbow schlieren measure imaging system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described three look single-point photodetectors are single-photon detector, and described single-photon detector is light avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier or superconducting single-photon detector.
11. rainbow schlieren measure imaging systems as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, in described three look single-point detectors, comprise three independent optical detection devices, each optical detection device front end is installed a lenticule and red bluish-green three-colour filter, survey respectively the light of red bluish-green three wavelength, then adopt three-primary colours palette algorithm to reconstruct coloured image.
12. rainbow schlieren measure imaging systems as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, between described digital microarray catoptron and described three look single-point photodetectors, synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in described digital microarray catoptron once, described three look single-point photodetectors add up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then by extremely described compression algorithm module of electric signal transmission.
13. 1 kinds of rainbow schlieren measure formation methods, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Step 1, light source output optical signal, after the first condenser lens focuses on, by the spuious bias light of slit diaphragm filtering;
Step 2, after the first collimation lens beam-expanding collimation, incides flow observation region;
Step 3, after the second condenser lens converges, is converted to the light after deviation at lens focus place the coloured image of different colours by the light beam of described flow observation region outgoing through rainbow optical filter;
Step 4 incides digital microarray catoptron after the second collimation lens collimation, and light field is carried out to Stochastic Modulation;
Step 5 incides three look single-point photodetectors after plus lens converges, and the electric signal being converted to is delivered to compression algorithm module by described three look single-point photodetectors;
Step 6, through compression algorithm Restructuring Module coloured image, the variable density that calculates observation flow field by the rainbow schlieren computing method to image distributes.
14. rainbow schlieren measure formation methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, in described step 2, the light beam after the first collimation lens beam-expanding collimation incides flow observation region after the first catoptron reflection.
15. rainbow schlieren measure formation methods as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, in described step 3, reflex to described the second condenser lens converge by the light beam of described flow observation region outgoing through the second catoptron.
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| CN113324727B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2023-05-05 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Schlieren image processing method for compressed corner supersonic flow field structure |
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