CN103912889A - Removing device and removing method for particulate pollutants generated by combustion of biomass fuel - Google Patents
Removing device and removing method for particulate pollutants generated by combustion of biomass fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103912889A CN103912889A CN201410151279.3A CN201410151279A CN103912889A CN 103912889 A CN103912889 A CN 103912889A CN 201410151279 A CN201410151279 A CN 201410151279A CN 103912889 A CN103912889 A CN 103912889A
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- chimney
- flue gas
- flame
- biomass fuel
- deashing device
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a removing device and a removing method for particulate pollutants generated by combustion of biomass fuel. The removing device comprises a chimney, a wet-type electric dust remover, a smoke condenser, a wet-type ash remover, a spiral ash remover, a combustion chamber and a heating furnace shell. The wet-type electric dust remover is arranged in the chimney. The smoke condenser sleeves the chimney. The wet-type ash remover is arranged at the lower end of the chimney. The smoke condenser is connected with the upper end of the spiral ash remover. The combustion chamber and the spiral ash remover are arranged in the heating furnace shell. A feed port communicated with the inside and the outside of the heating furnace shell is arranged on the combustion chamber. Smoke contains a large quantity of steam after the biomass fuel combusts, the steam can be condensed to form a thin water film on the surface of a precipitation pole when the temperature of the smoke continues dropping, and a cooling water jacket is arranged on the outer portion of the precipitation pole, so that exhaust smoke temperature is reduced, and heat of the smoke is recycled; condensed water generated by condensation serves as a water source of the wet-type electric dust remover, so that a water adding device, a water spraying device and the like are omitted, and water pollution is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass combustion equipment, the particulate pollutant that relates in particular to a kind of biomass fuel combustion removes device and method.
Background technology
Along with the allowable exploitation of traditional energy progressively declines, regenerative resource progressively causes enough attention.As the biomass energy of one of regenerative resource, there is renewable, carbon dioxide zero discharge, there is good recyclability, be to substitute on a large scale one of energy products of fossil fuel.
Although content of ashes is lower in living beings, but alkali metal content is about 12-16 times of coal, potassium and sodium in alkali metal are easily deposited on heat exchanger surface and form dust stratification, increase thermal resistance and corrosion alkali metal, dust stratification and follow-up etching problem are to hinder one of extensive key factor of utilizing of living beings.In addition after biomass combustion, alkali metal salt evaporation, the alkali metal salt steam homogeneous phase nucleation of condensing in heat exchange and smoke evacuation process, forming modern is originally the particle below PM10, wherein the amounts of particles of PM1 accounts for the more than 90% of total particle, in PM1 particle, mainly contain potassium, chlorine and sulphur, and contain the organic carbon with living beings Volatile.
Biomass fuel biggest crisis is granular material discharged, and in European family heating system, the contribution PM of biomass stove occupies warm the more than 80% of PM.The granular material discharged middle civil heating particle of Denmark accounted for 72% as 2009, and to increase in year 35%.The heating of Canadian living beings accounts for 12%, but granular material dischargedly accounts for 30%, is the main cause that causes Montreal haze weather in 2009.Therefore the granular material discharged great attention that has caused the countries such as America and Europe of the combustion apparatus of biomass fuel.
China is taking coal as main energy sources, and the dust stratification on heat exchanger tube surface is main mainly with mechanical ashing, not only cause the reentrainment of dust of dust stratification, and dust stratification thickness is thicker, and heat-transfer capability reduces larger.The main cyclone dust removal of flue gas ash removal technology, dust removal by filtration, dry electric precipitation, mainly splendid to the above bulky grain removal effect of PM10, and to taking PM1 as main particle substantially inoperative.And the composition of living beings and coal particle pollutant has larger difference, its main component is potassium sulfate, potassium chloride.The high volatile characteristic of and living beings insufficient if burnt, also has tar steam in flue gas.
Conventional electric cleaner, is divided into dry type and wet scrubber.Chinese invention patent (application number: the Full-automatic filter recycling device that 201310346558) discloses a kind of wet-esp buck; Chinese invention patent (application number 201310276696) discloses a kind of automatic cleaning wet-esp demister of continuous operation.The dust collecting pole plate of a kind of wet type moisture film electrostatic precipitator of Chinese invention patent (application number 201310267541).Chinese invention patent (application number 201310259100) discloses a kind of wet electrical dust precipitator waste water zero discharge device and method of wastewater treatment thereof.
Foregoing invention patent, all needs the external world that water source is provided, and has complicated Inlet and outlet water, spray, equal moisture film device, instead of utilizes institute's containing water vapor in dedusting medium.In biomass flue gas, contain a large amount of steam, steam homogeneous phase in air-flow condenses and the condensing of receiving electrode surface, not only change particulate pollutant dielectric property, and self condense in and on receiving electrode, form uniform thin water film, thin water film can also dissolve the particulate pollutant that most alkali metal salts is main component, and do not need the dust removal with machine of receiving electrode, greatly improve the effect of dedusting.
Therefore be necessary particulate pollutant characteristic and flue gas characteristic for biomass fuel combustion, design the high-effective dust-removing technology of novel, simple classification, segmentation.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention provides a kind of particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion to remove device and method with regard to being in order to address the above problem.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The particulate pollutant of a kind of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes device and comprises chimney, wet electrical dust precipitator, flue gas condenser, wet type deashing device, spiral deashing device, combustion chamber and warming stove housing, described being arranged in described chimney, described flue gas condenser is set in outside described chimney, described wet type deashing device is arranged at the lower end of described chimney, described flue gas condenser is connected with the upper end of described spiral deashing device, described combustion chamber and described spiral deashing device are all arranged in described warming stove housing, on described combustion chamber, be provided with described warming stove housing in the charging aperture that is interlinked to the outside.
Flue gas condenser of the present invention upper end is provided with the import of heating backwater, the lower end of described flue gas condenser is provided with the outlet of heating backwater, described wet electrical dust precipitator is that a high-field electrode is formed by connecting with the inner surface of described chimney by fixing under fixing on high-field electrode and high-field electrode, the inner surface of described chimney is also provided with the receiving electrode being connected with earth terminal, the lower end of described chimney is provided with chimney base plate, and a side of described chimney hypomere is provided with gas approach.
Wet type deashing device of the present invention comprises condensate draining pipe, grey box and condensed water, and the bottom of described chimney is arranged in described grey box, inside and outside described condensate draining pipe and described grey box, is connected.
The upper end of spiral deashing device of the present invention is provided with heating return pipe, the lower end of described spiral deashing device is provided with into fire tube, the lower end of described spiral deashing device is provided with refractory baffle, the lower end of described refractory baffle is provided with flame-proof sphere cage, in described flame-proof sphere cage, is provided with multiple flame-proof spheres; Described flame-proof sphere is dolomite spheroid.
Lower section surface in warming stove housing of the present invention is provided with thermal insulation layer, and below, described combustion chamber is provided with main ash-pan.
In spiral deashing device of the present invention, be provided with rotating shaft, helical spring and metallic fiber, described helical axis is connected with described helical spring, and described metallic fiber is wound in described helical spring surface.
The combustion method that the particulate pollutant of a kind of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes device comprises the following steps:
(1) living beings are after burning, containing the flue gas of fixed carbon and ash content, clash into through refractory baffle break-in, through piled up multiple flame-proof spheres flame-proof sphere cage filtration and separate;
(2) heated high-temperature flame-proof ball 66 promotes fixed carbon in flying dust, tar steam further to burn, dolomite and sulfureous in flue gas H-H reaction in flame-proof sphere and reduce;
(3) flue gas containing inorganic salts steam that removes flying dust is through entering fire tube, and inorganic salts steam condensation becomes fine grained dust, is deposited on into the dust of fire tube inner surface, mechanically removes through spiral deashing device, drops in flame-proof sphere cage;
(4) flue gas is drained in the wet electrical dust precipitator in chimney, through the high-field electrode corona discharge at chimney center, under electric field force drives, moves and deposits to chimney inner surface;
(5) flue gas that enters chimney is cooling through the outside flue gas condenser institute increasing of chimney, and make steam in flue gas condense, also flow downward along chimney inner surface, form the moisture film of one deck ripple at chimney inner surface, moisture film flows downward and meets with the dust granule that is deposited on chimney inner surface in process, and part grain dissolution is in moisture film, and not molten particle also flows downward with moisture film, and be unlikely to be deposited on chimney inner surface, and make the surface cleaning of flue gas condenser;
(6) containing the condensed water of dust, flow to chimney bottom downwards along chimney inner surface, enter in wet type deashing device, the condensed water increasing is gradually discharged by siphonage through condensate draining pipe, ash box is inserted into chimney bottom, and has hook fixing and can dismantle and facilitate ash discarding.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention is that a kind of particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion removes device and method, compared with prior art, the present invention adopts and after biomass fuel combustion, in flue gas, contains a large amount of steam, when continuing to reduce its steam of temperature, flue gas can condense, and form thin water film on receiving electrode surface, at receiving electrode outer setting cooling jacket, not only reduce exhaust gas temperature, reclaim heat in flue gas, and the water source of produced condensate water as wet electrical dust precipitator that condense, save add water, the device such as water spray, also reduce water simultaneously and pollute.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes device;
Fig. 2 is that the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes the chimney part-structure schematic diagram in device;
Fig. 3 is that the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes the chimney part perspective view in device;
Fig. 4 is that the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes the spiral deashing device part-structure schematic diagram in device.
In figure: 1-chimney, 2-wet electrical dust precipitator, 3-flue gas condenser, 4-wet type deashing device, 5-spiral deashing device, 6-warming stove housing, 10-chimney base plate, 11-gas approach, 20-high-field electrode, fixing on 21-high-field electrode, fixing under 22-high-field electrode, 23-receiving electrode, the import of 31-heating backwater, the outlet of 32-heating backwater, 40-condensate draining pipe, 41-ash box, 42-condensed water, 50-rotating shaft, 51-helical spring, 52-metallic fiber, 60-charging aperture, 61-combustion chamber, 62-thermal insulation layer, the main ash-pan of 63-, 64-flame-proof sphere, 65-refractory baffle, 66-flame-proof sphere cage, 67-enters fire tube, the 68-return pipe of warming oneself.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figures 1 to 4: the particulate pollutant of a kind of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes device and comprises chimney 1, wet electrical dust precipitator 2, flue gas condenser 3, wet type deashing device 4, spiral deashing device 5, combustion chamber 61 and warming stove housing 6, be arranged in chimney 1, flue gas condenser 3 is set in outside chimney 1, wet type deashing device 4 is arranged at the lower end of chimney 1, flue gas condenser 3 is connected with the upper end of spiral deashing device 5, combustion chamber 61 and spiral deashing device 5 are all arranged in warming stove housing 6, on combustion chamber 61, be provided with warming stove housing 6 in the charging aperture 60 that is interlinked to the outside.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3: flue gas condenser of the present invention 3 upper ends are provided with heating backwater import 31, the lower end of flue gas condenser 3 is provided with heating backwater outlet 32, wet electrical dust precipitator 2 be a high-field electrode 20 by high-field electrode, fix 21 and high-field electrode under fix 22 and be formed by connecting with the inner surface of chimney 1, the inner surface of chimney 1 is also provided with the receiving electrode 23 being connected with earth terminal, the lower end of chimney 1 is provided with chimney base plate 10, and a side of chimney 1 hypomere is provided with gas approach 11.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3: wet type deashing device 4 of the present invention comprises condensate draining pipe 40, grey box 41 and condensed water 42, the bottom of chimney 1 is arranged in grey box 41, inside and outside condensate draining pipe 40 and grey box 41, is connected.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4: the upper end of spiral deashing device 5 of the present invention is provided with heating return pipe 68, the lower end of spiral deashing device 5 is provided with into fire tube 67, the lower end of spiral deashing device 5 is provided with refractory baffle 65, the lower end of refractory baffle 65 is provided with flame-proof sphere cage 66, is provided with multiple flame-proof spheres 64 in flame-proof sphere cage 66; Described flame-proof sphere 64 is dolomite spheroid.
As shown in Figure 1: the lower section surface in warming stove housing 6 of the present invention is provided with thermal insulation layer 62,61 belows, combustion chamber are provided with main ash-pan 63.
As shown in Figure 4: in spiral deashing device 5 of the present invention, be provided with rotating shaft 50, helical spring 51 and metallic fiber 52, helical axis is connected with helical spring 51, and metallic fiber 52 is wound in the surface of helical spring 51.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4: the combustion method that the particulate pollutant of a kind of biomass fuel combustion of the present invention removes device comprises the following steps:
(1) living beings are after burning, containing the flue gas of fixed carbon and ash content, clash into through refractory baffle 65 break-ins, through piled up multiple flame-proof spheres 64 flame-proof sphere cage 66 filtration and separate;
(2) heated high-temperature flame-proof ball 64 promotes fixed carbon in flying dust, tar steam further to burn, dolomite and sulfureous in flue gas H-H reaction in flame-proof sphere 64 and reduce;
(3) flue gas containing inorganic salts steam that removes flying dust is through entering fire tube 67, and inorganic salts steam condensation becomes fine grained dust, is deposited on into the dust of fire tube 67 inner surfaces, mechanically removes through spiral deashing device 5, drops in flame-proof sphere cage 66;
(4) flue gas is drained in the wet electrical dust precipitator 2 in chimney 1, through high-field electrode 20 corona discharges at chimney 1 center, under electric field force drives, moves and deposits to chimney 1 inner surface;
(5) flue gas that enters chimney 1 is cooling through outside 3 of the flue gas condensers that increase of chimney 1, and make steam in flue gas condense, also flow downward along chimney 1 inner surface, form the moisture film of one deck ripple at chimney 1 inner surface, moisture film flows downward and meets with the dust granule that is deposited on chimney 1 inner surface in process, and part grain dissolution is in moisture film, and not molten particle also flows downward with moisture film, and be unlikely to be deposited on chimney 1 inner surface, and make the surface cleaning of flue gas condenser 3;
(6) containing the condensed water 42 of dust, flow to chimney 1 bottom downwards along chimney 1 inner surface, enter in wet type deashing device 4, the condensed water 42 increasing is gradually discharged by siphonage through condensate draining pipe 40, ash box 41 is inserted into chimney 1 bottom, and has hook fixing and can dismantle and facilitate ash discarding.
As shown in Figure 1: after 61 burnings of biomass fuel spontaneous combustion chamber, do not fire fixed carbon and ash content with bulk form, fall to becoming owner of in ash-pan 63 at air-flow and Action of Gravity Field, under thermal-flame effect, in main ash-pan 63, fixed carbon burns away, form main ash, contain on a small quantity compared with the high-temperature flue gas of granule (general > PM10), through the break-in effect of impact of refractory baffle 65, a small amount of particle is deposited on refractory baffle 65 or falls into main ash-pan 63, ash-laden gas enters in flame-proof sphere cage 66, the porous media forming through accumulation flame-proof sphere 64 filters, by the filtering in flame-proof sphere cage 66 compared with granule as master taking fixed carbon and ash content of moving because of fire grate and flow perturbation produces, high-temperature flue gas has also carried out heating to flame-proof sphere 64 during through flame-proof sphere cage 66 and in the condition of high temperature, now filter the fixed carbon on flame-proof sphere 64 surfaces, tar steam is again burned, in flue gas, be only left the particle main source existing with inorganic salts vapor form.With refractory baffle 65 and flame-proof sphere 64, surface temperature is higher, has hindered these inorganic salts steam condensation depositions,
In the flame-proof sphere 64 of sulfureous in flue gas hydrogen and high temperature, key component calcium oxide carries out pyroreaction, further reduces the content of hydrogen sulfide.Containing the flue gas of inorganic salts steam, enter the entering in fire tube 67 of heating system, owing to entering, fire tube 67 internal surface temperatures are lower, and inorganic salts steam generation is condensed and is deposited on into the inner surface of fire tube 67, and in flue gas, form the fine particle of < PM2.5.Be deposited on into the dust granule of fire tube 67 inner surfaces, remove through the helical spring 51 deashing device mechanical types of manual rotation or electronic rotation, drop in flame-proof sphere cage 66; Helical spring 51 deashing devices are having rotating shaft 50 one end to fix, and the other end is freely upheld.In the present invention, ash content of different nature in biomass combustion process is carried out to step-by-step processing, so that follow-up heat-exchanger rig is not affected by black dirt, reach stable performance.In biomass combustion flue gas, mainly comprise two kinds of ash contents, the one, containing the bulky grain of fixed carbon and ash content, it is that fire grate activity and flow perturbation are taken away from fire grate, therefore adopts low pressure drop and holds easily changeable fire-resistant asking and filter removing; The 2nd, the inorganic salts steam that in fuel, ash content produces condenses into after low temperature wall that karyomorphism becomes running into, this part particle is can be water-soluble, the moisture film that utilizes the entrained water vapor condensation of flue gas self to produce, as the precipitation surface of dust granule, reduce the removing of electric fishing dust, keep the efficient operation of electric dust-catching and cleaning equipment, and make exhanst gas outlet dust content reach the requirement of PM2.5.
After biomass fuel combustion, produce the high-temperature flue gas of about 800-1200 DEG C, make full use of hot properties, utilize Ceramic Balls or porous media to filter bulky grain pollutant, and carry out second-time burning by not firing fixed carbon particle and tar steam in flue gas, make to become ash component only to comprise alkali metal salt steam in flue gas; High-temperature flue gas enters flue-gas temperature after indirect heat exchanger to be reduced, the condensing of condense nucleation and the heat exchange surface of alkali metal salt steam generation homogeneous phase in flue gas, and part is deposited on heat exchanger surface.Adopt tight type mechanical ashing device, remove the granular deposit of heat exchanger surface, form dust stratification thin layer; The low-temperature flue gas of about 150-200 DEG C after heat exchange, enters with the in-built electric cleaner of flue and carries out dedusting, reaches the requirement that soot emissions are less than PM1; Heating backwater is introduced into the cooling jacket of chimney outside, and flue gas is cooled, and makes exhaust gas temperature reach 40-50 DEG C.Meanwhile, flue gas occurs that inner homogeneous phase condenses and the surface condensation of inner wall of stack in chimney, produces moisture film, as the wet type film of electric cleaner.
Claims (8)
1. the particulate pollutant of a biomass fuel combustion removes device, it is characterized in that: comprise chimney, wet electrical dust precipitator, flue gas condenser, wet type deashing device, spiral deashing device, combustion chamber and warming stove housing, described being arranged in described chimney, described flue gas condenser is set in outside described chimney, described wet type deashing device is arranged at the lower end of described chimney, described flue gas condenser is connected with the upper end of described spiral deashing device, described combustion chamber and described spiral deashing device are all arranged in described warming stove housing, on described combustion chamber, be provided with described warming stove housing in the charging aperture that is interlinked to the outside.
2. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: described flue gas condenser upper end is provided with the import of heating backwater, the lower end of described flue gas condenser is provided with the outlet of heating backwater, described wet electrical dust precipitator is that a high-field electrode is formed by connecting with the inner surface of described chimney by fixing under fixing on high-field electrode and high-field electrode, the inner surface of described chimney is also provided with the receiving electrode being connected with earth terminal, the lower end of described chimney is provided with chimney base plate, and a side of described chimney hypomere is provided with gas approach.
3. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: described wet type deashing device comprises condensate draining pipe, grey box and condensed water, the bottom of described chimney is arranged in described grey box, inside and outside described condensate draining pipe and described grey box, is connected.
4. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described spiral deashing device is provided with heating return pipe, the lower end of described spiral deashing device is provided with into fire tube, the lower end of described spiral deashing device is provided with refractory baffle, the lower end of described refractory baffle is provided with flame-proof sphere cage, in described flame-proof sphere cage, is provided with multiple flame-proof spheres.
5. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: the lower section surface in described warming stove housing is provided with thermal insulation layer, and below, described combustion chamber is provided with main ash-pan.
6. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: in described spiral deashing device, be provided with rotating shaft, helical spring and metallic fiber, described helical axis is connected with described helical spring, and described metallic fiber is wound in described helical spring surface.
7. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion according to claim 1 removes device, it is characterized in that: described flame-proof sphere is dolomite spheroid.
8. the particulate pollutant of biomass fuel combustion removes a combustion method for device, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) living beings are after burning, containing the flue gas of fixed carbon and ash content, clash into through refractory baffle break-in, through piled up multiple flame-proof spheres flame-proof sphere cage filtration and separate;
(2) heated high-temperature flame-proof ball 66 promotes fixed carbon in flying dust, tar steam further to burn, dolomite and sulfureous in flue gas H-H reaction in flame-proof sphere and reduce;
(3) flue gas containing inorganic salts steam that removes flying dust is through entering fire tube, and inorganic salts steam condensation becomes fine grained dust, is deposited on into the dust of fire tube inner surface, mechanically removes through spiral deashing device, drops in flame-proof sphere cage;
(4) flue gas is drained in the wet electrical dust precipitator in chimney, through the high-field electrode corona discharge at chimney center, under electric field force drives, moves and deposits to chimney inner surface;
(5) flue gas that enters chimney is cooling through the outside flue gas condenser institute increasing of chimney, and make steam in flue gas condense, also flow downward along chimney inner surface, form the moisture film of one deck ripple at chimney inner surface, moisture film flows downward and meets with the dust granule that is deposited on chimney inner surface in process, and part grain dissolution is in moisture film, and not molten particle also flows downward with moisture film, and be unlikely to be deposited on chimney inner surface, and make the surface cleaning of flue gas condenser;
(6) containing the condensed water of dust, flow to chimney bottom downwards along chimney inner surface, enter in wet type deashing device, the condensed water increasing is gradually discharged by siphonage through condensate draining pipe, ash box is inserted into chimney bottom, and has hook fixing and can dismantle and facilitate ash discarding.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110274240A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-24 | 北京图伟佳业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of distributed heat decomposition incinerator for treating domestic refuse |
| CN110608443A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 铁龙(成都)碳素有限公司 | Small-size solid organic waste gasification system |
| CN111644165A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-11 | 湖北君集水处理有限公司 | Activated carbon regeneration stove waste gas collecting system |
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| CN103912889B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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