CN103911119B - Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103911119B CN103911119B CN201310040070.5A CN201310040070A CN103911119B CN 103911119 B CN103911119 B CN 103911119B CN 201310040070 A CN201310040070 A CN 201310040070A CN 103911119 B CN103911119 B CN 103911119B
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Abstract
Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium of the present invention and preparation method thereof, belongs to solar light-heat power-generation field.Heat transfer heat storage medium of the invention is made of ternary nitric acid molten salt system with quartz sand.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the heat transfer heat storage medium.Heat transfer heat storage medium of the invention does not change the freezing point of ternary nitric acid fused salt substantially, the maximum working temperature of ternary nitric acid fused salt is improved simultaneously, the thermal stability of the up to 750 DEG C heat transfer mediums is good, heating conduction is high, it is at low cost, it is highly suitable for solar dynamic power system system, the heat-accumulating heat-transfer system of solar light-heat power-generation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat-accumulating heat-transfer complex medias for solar light-heat power-generation, multiple more particularly to a kind of quartz sand
Close ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
In industrial accumulation of energy and solar light-heat power-generation technology, heat-accumulating heat-transfer medium used at present be mainly free gas and water,
Conduction oil, fuse salt, sodium and aluminum metal etc..Fused salt because have extensive use temperature range, low-steam pressure, low viscosity, well
Stability, many characteristics such as low cost have become the heat transfer heat storage medium that potentiality are had much in solar light-heat power-generation technology, at
To apply more, more mature heat transfer heat storage medium at present.
The outstanding advantages of nitric acid molten salt system be that raw material sources are extensive, cheap, corrosivity is small and generally 500 DEG C with
Under will not thermally decompose, therefore compared with other fused salts, nitric acid fused salt has very big advantage.Currently, external solar energy optical-thermal hair
Heat transfer heat storage medium is mainly binary nitric acid salt system (40%KNO used in the power station of electricity3- 60%NaNO3) and ternary nitre
Silicate system (KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2).The fusing point of ternary nitric acid salt system is lower, more satisfactory, but maximum working temperature
It is relatively low, and heat of solution is smaller, thermal conductivity is lower.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, Chinese patent application 00111406.9 discloses a kind of LiNO3-KNO3-NaNO3-
NaNO2System, operating temperature range are 250 DEG C -550 DEG C, and the maximum working temperature of this system is than ternary nitric acid salt system
KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2Height, but its lower working temperature is also enhanced, and maintenance cost when obnubilation is caused to increase, and LiNO3
It is added so that its corrosivity increases, cost increases.
United States Patent (USP) US007588694B1 discloses a kind of LiNO3-KNO3-NaNO3- Ca(NO3)2System, fusing point are lower than
100 DEG C, the upper limit is higher than 500 DEG C using temperature, but the addition of LiNO3 increases the corrosivity and cost of fused salt.
The unique molecular chain structure of quartz sand, crystal shape and lattice variations rule, make it have high temperature resistant, it is anti-oxidant,
Many characteristics such as thermal expansion coefficient is small, high-insulation, unique physics, the chemistry such as corrosion-resistant, send out in many high-tech products
Increasingly important role is waved, manufacture glass, refractory material, smelting duriron, flux for metallurgy, ceramic grinding material are often used as
Material, the raw material cast.
So far, it does not see and quartz sand is added in ternary nitric acid fused salt as industrial accumulation of energy and solar energy high temperature
The report of the heat transfer heat storage medium in heat utilization field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method,
It is low to improve ternary nitric acid fused salt SC service ceiling temperature.The present invention uses raw material of the quartz sand as heat-accumulating heat-transfer medium, not only
The upper limit of fuse salt be can be improved using temperature, while gained composite fused salt has the freezing point less than 100 DEG C (to use under normal pressure
The fusing point that Differential Scanning Calorimeter is measured), reduce maintenance cost when obnubilation；In addition quartz sand is cheap, additionally it is possible to significantly drop
The industrial cost of low heat storage medium.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium, it is characterised in that: the heat transfer heat storage medium is
Quartz sand is added in ternary nitric acid molten salt system to be combined.
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system accounts for the 50 ~ 99% of heat transfer heat storage medium total weight, and the quartz sand accounts for heat transfer accumulation of heat
The 1 ~ 50% of medium total weight.
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system accounts for the 50 ~ 90% of heat transfer heat storage medium total weight, and the quartz sand accounts for heat transfer accumulation of heat
The 10 ~ 50% of medium total weight.
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system and its components by weight percent are as follows: KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2System: wherein potassium nitrate:
40-80 parts；Sodium nitrate: 5-15 parts；Sodium nitrite: 10-50 parts.
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system and its components by weight percent are as follows: KNO3-NaNO3-Ca(NO3)2System: wherein nitric acid
Potassium: 5-40 parts；Sodium nitrate: 5-25 parts；Calcium nitrate: 10-70 parts.
Purposes of any of the above-described heat transfer heat storage medium in industrial accumulation of energy or solar light-heat power-generation.
The preparation method of any of the above-described heat transfer heat storage medium, its step are as follows:
(1) ternary nitric acid molten salt system is formed, is put into reaction kettle, heating stirring melts solid completely, then keeps the temperature
0.5-1h,
(2) under stirring condition, quartz sand is distributed in high-temperature fusion salt, continues to stir 1-2h, mixture agglutination shape
State,
(3) cooling, packaging.
The above 50- of phase transition temperature for the temperature ternary nitric acid fused salt that heating stirring uses solid at melting completely
100℃。
The present invention selects quartz sand as the composite material of nitric acid fused salt for the first time, and quartz sand is a kind of hard, wear-resisting, chemical
The stable silicate mineral of performance, main component are SiO2, a small amount of impurity component such as Fe is often contained in mineral2O3、Al3O2、
CaO, MgO, NaO etc..About 1723 DEG C of fusing point, about 2230 DEG C of boiling point, there is higher fire resistance.It is adopted for quartz sand of the invention
It is greater than 75% common quartz sand with dioxide-containing silica.It is demonstrated experimentally that quartz sand is added in ternary nitric acid molten salt system
Prepare resulting heat transfer heat storage medium, industrial cost is low, little to hold over system corrosivity, and with former ternary nitric acid molten salt system
Compared to also having the following advantages and good effect:
1. the heat transfer property of the composite fused salt heat transfer existing nitric acid fused salt of heat storage medium prepared by the present invention, improves thermostabilization
Property and with the upper limit use temperature, the freezing point of fused salt do not change substantially.
2. the latent heat of phase change of Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium prepared by the present invention increases, energy storage density is high, reduces to accumulation of heat
The requirement of system dimension and energy, capacity usage ratio is high, and energy-saving effect is good.
In the preferred embodiments of the invention, quartz sand accounts for 1 ~ 50%, and quartz sand content is higher, reduces cost and is more obvious；This
Not only it can guarantee that the ceiling temperature of ternary nitric acid fused salt improved in a range, but also can guarantee that fusing point does not increase, the quartz sand of introducing
The granularity the thin heat transfer of system more evenly.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Experimental material:
Common quartz sand (dioxide-containing silica is greater than 75%), 100 mesh are purchased from Shandong Hong Tai quartz sand factory.
The general chemical article company of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, calcium nitrate is commercially available.
Ternary nitrate system formulation such as table 1.
Ternary nitric acid molten salt system formula in each embodiment of table 1.
1 ~ 4. ternary nitric acid salt system KNO of embodiment3-NaNO3-NaNO2Middle addition quartz sand prepares heat-accumulating heat-transfer medium
Step 1. is prepared the material of composition ternary nitric acid molten salt system by formula listed by table 1, is put into reaction kettle, is heated
Stirring melts solid completely, then keeps the temperature 0.5-1h, and heating temperature is above 50-100 DEG C of fused salt phase transition temperature.
Under step 2. stirring condition, quartz sand is distributed in the ternary nitric acid molten salt system of melting, continues to stir 1-2h,
Mixture is jelly.
Step 3. is cooling, packs.
Gradient carries out the quartz sand (specification is 100 mesh) of addition in the following proportions:
First group: quartz sand accounts for 1% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtains the 1st ~ 4
Product.
Second group: quartz sand accounts for 10% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtains the 5th ~ 8
A product.
Third group: quartz sand accounts for 25% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtains the 9th ~ 12
A product.
4th group: quartz sand accounts for 40% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtain the 13rd ~
16 products.
5th group: quartz sand accounts for 50% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtain the 17th ~
20 products.
The test of step 4. latent heat of phase change and fusing point test.
(scanning under normal pressure) is carried out using general Differential Scanning Calorimeter DSC.
Test result shows that compared with the control, latent heat of phase change all significantly increases；1st ~ 3 set product fusing point is basically unchanged, the
The fusing point of 4 groups and the 5th set product slightly increases.
Step 5: heat stability testing.
Heat stability testing is carried out to 20 kinds of heat transfer heat storage mediums are prepared and compare ternary nitric acid fused salt.
Test is carried out using gravimetric method: 1 ~ 4 resulting 20 kind of fuse salt of embodiment being respectively charged into the crucible of nickel, is put
Enter in temperature controlling stove and heated, tested since room temperature, takes out experiment crucible at regular intervals and weighed with assay balance.
If the weight of sample is no longer reduced in a certain temperature section, then improves the temperature of temperature controlling stove.Then it takes at regular intervals again
Experiment crucible is weighed out, is further continued for heating up later to another stable state.
The equilibrium temperature boundary of control ternary nitric acid system is to heat 100 hours at 500 DEG C, 500 DEG C, and loss late is reachable
25%, it heats 30 hours, loss late is up to 10%.
Heat stability testing is carried out to 1 ~ 4 resulting 5 group of 20 kinds of heat transfer heat storage medium of embodiment,
Loss late statistical result at 2.600 DEG C of table
Loss late statistical result at 3.700 DEG C of table
| Time (hour) | 30 | 100 |
| Product group number | ||
| First group | 15~20% | 25~30% |
| Second group | 12~15% | 20~23% |
| Third group | 10~13% | 18~20% |
| 4th group | 8~12% | 15~18% |
| 5th group | 9~12% | 15~18% |
5 ~ 7 ternary nitric acid salt system KNO of embodiment3-NaNO3- Ca(NO3) in be added quartz sand prepare heat-accumulating heat-transfer medium
Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid fused salt, method of the method with 1 ~ 4 step 1 of embodiment are prepared by formula listed by table 1.
The quartz sand of addition is carried out by gradient:
First group: quartz sand accounts for 1% in three kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtains the 17th ~ 19
A product.
Second group: quartz sand accounts for 30% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtain the 20th ~
22 products.
Third group: quartz sand accounts for 50% in four kinds of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage mediums, obtain the 23rd ~
25 products
The test of step 3. latent heat of phase change and fusing point test.
(scanning under normal pressure) is carried out using general Differential Scanning Calorimeter DSC.
Test result shows that latent heat of phase change all significantly increases；(the freezing point 118 of 3 kinds of control ternary systems compared with the control
DEG C, 173 DEG C, 131 DEG C.), first group and second group of fusing point are basically unchanged, and third group fusing point increases.
Step 4: heat stability testing
Heat stability testing is carried out to 20 kinds of heat transfer heat storage mediums are prepared and compare ternary nitric acid fused salt.
Test is carried out using gravimetric method: 5 ~ 7 resulting 9 kinds of fuse salts of embodiment being respectively charged into the crucible of nickel, are put
Enter in temperature controlling stove and heated, tested since room temperature, takes out experiment crucible at regular intervals and weighed with assay balance.
If the weight of sample is no longer reduced in a certain temperature section, then improves the temperature of temperature controlling stove.Then it takes at regular intervals again
Experiment crucible is weighed out, is further continued for heating up later to another stable state.
The equilibrium temperature boundary of control ternary nitric acid system is to heat 30 hours at 550 DEG C, 550 DEG C, and loss late about 3% adds
Loss late is about 8% at heat 50 hours；
Heat stability testing is carried out to 5 ~ 7 resulting 3 groups of 9 kinds of heat transfer heat storage mediums of embodiment,
Loss late statistical result at 4.650 DEG C of table
Loss late statistical result at 5.750 DEG C of table
As can be seen that product of the invention is suitable with to the loss late for impinging upon 550 DEG C in 750 DEG C of loss late, illustrate, this
The product of invention have better thermal stability, can at 750 DEG C the stable operation long period.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of molten salt preparation method for improving the ternary nitric acid fused salt upper limit and using temperature, it is characterised in that: steps are as follows:
(1) ternary nitric acid molten salt system is formed, is put into reaction kettle, heating stirring melts solid completely, then keeps the temperature 0.5-
1h,
(2) under stirring condition, quartz sand is distributed in high-temperature fusion salt, continue stir 1-2h, mixture agglutination state,
(3) cooling, packaging；
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system accounts for the 50~90% of total product weight, the quartz sand account for total product weight 10~
50%, the ternary nitric acid molten salt system and its components by weight percent are as follows: KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2System: wherein potassium nitrate: 40-
80 parts；Sodium nitrate: 5-15 parts；Sodium nitrite: 10-50 parts.
2. molten salt preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heating stirring makes solid completely at melting
The temperature used is above 50-100 DEG C of phase transition temperature of the ternary nitric acid fused salt.
3. a kind of quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium, it is characterised in that: the heat transfer heat storage medium be
Quartz sand is added in ternary nitric acid molten salt system to be combined；
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system accounts for the 50~90% of the quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid fused salt total weight, the quartz
Sand accounts for the 10~50% of the quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid fused salt total weight；
The ternary nitric acid molten salt system and its components by weight percent are as follows: KNO3 -NaNO3 -NaNO2System: wherein potassium nitrate:
40-80 parts；Sodium nitrate: 5-15 parts；Sodium nitrite: 10-50 parts.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310040070.5A CN103911119B (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| EP14745627.1A EP2952551B1 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-21 | Quartz sand composite molten salt heat transfer and heat storage medium |
| ES14745627T ES2848832T3 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-21 | Molten salt heat transfer and heat storage medium composed of quartz sand |
| US14/765,295 US10865335B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-21 | Quartz sand/graphite composite molten salt heat transfer and heat storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| PT147456271T PT2952551T (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-21 | Quartz sand/graphite composite molten salt heat transfer and heat storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2014/070970 WO2014117663A1 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2014-01-21 | Quartz sand/graphite composite molten salt heat transfer and heat storage medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201310040070.5A CN103911119B (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Quartz sand complex ternary nitric acid Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105131911A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-09 | 上海交通大学 | Phase-change heat storage medium as well as preparation and application thereof |
| CN105255454A (en) * | 2015-10-11 | 2016-01-20 | 郑叶芳 | Ternary nitrate/hydrotalcite composite heat storage material and preparing method thereof |
| CN105154029A (en) * | 2015-10-11 | 2015-12-16 | 郑叶芳 | Nanometer aluminium nitride modified fused salt and preparation method thereof |
| CN105419732B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2019-03-08 | 西安工程大学 | A kind of preparation method of ternary nitric acid fuse salt phase-change heat-storage material |
| CN106433565A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 青海盐湖工业股份有限公司 | Mixed molten salt and preparation method thereof |
| CN109852351A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-07 | 深圳市爱能森科技有限公司 | Low melting point Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat storage medium and its preparation method and application |
| CN109777369B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Two-section type micro-packaging composite heat storage material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110137051B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-12-15 | 广东中贝能源科技有限公司 | Arc extinguishing material composition for improving energy density of fuse |
| CN113175686B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-12-27 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Preheating method of molten salt heat storage system based on gas heat storage oxidation |
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