A kind of hydraulic system on school bus
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile technical field, relate to the hydraulic system on a kind of school bus.
Background technology
School bus is the vehicles coming and going school for transporting student.State Council of the People's Republic of China's safety
Produce office of committee to emphasize to refer in " traffic safety " 12 " planning "
Go out, safety of school bus to be established and improve management legal and regulatory systems and safety management system, bright
Really school bus right-of-way, strengthens school bus supervision, ensures safety of school bus;And specify school bus
Satellite fix and speed-limiting device must be installed.Visible, safety of school bus is the weight that the whole society pays close attention to
Want topic.
In prior art, the endergonic structure of automobile realizes generally by suspension system,
Also some automobile is provided with energy-absorbing buffering structure at headstock part, i.e. clashes at automobile
Time headstock at several rivets be cut off, thus energy when absorbing shock, for car
Body, does not the most also have other effective endergonic structures, vehicle body when clashing in order to double absorption
Inertia kinetic energy, but, along with the generation of a lot of safety of school bus accidents in 2013, school bus
The solution of safety problem seems the most urgent.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the problems referred to above existed for existing technology, it is provided that a kind of
Hydraulic system on school bus, the technical problem to be solved is simplification structure, carries
The safety of high automobile.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal:
Hydraulic system on a kind of school bus, it is characterised in that school bus includes an outer compartment
With an interior compartment, having gap between described outer compartment and interior compartment, described outer compartment has
Having a base plate, is slided with described base plate by a supporting construction in the bottom of described interior compartment
Connecting, the front end in described outer compartment is provided with an energy-absorption box, described energy-absorption box and outer compartment
Between be connected by some guide pillars, described energy-absorption box can be with described guide pillar external car mutually
Moving in railway carriage or compartment, has gap between described energy-absorption box and outer compartment, and described hydraulic system includes
Several hydraulic cylinders one, the piston rod of described hydraulic cylinder one is fixing with the front side of interior compartment even
Connecing, the cylinder body of described hydraulic cylinder is fixing with described outer compartment to be connected, and described hydraulic cylinder has
Liquid storage cylinder one, described hydraulic system also includes and hydraulic cylinder one hydraulic cylinder two one to one,
The piston rod of described hydraulic cylinder two is plugged on described outer compartment, fixing on described outer compartment
Being provided with a gripper shoe, the cylinder body of described hydraulic cylinder two is fixedly installed in described gripper shoe,
There is between outer end and the energy-absorption box of the piston rod of described hydraulic cylinder two gap, described hydraulic pressure
Cylinder two has liquid storage cylinder two, by hydraulic tube phase between described liquid storage cylinder one and liquid storage cylinder two
Logical, described outer compartment is fixedly installed a reserving liquid tank, described hydraulic cylinder two is provided with
Spout hole one, connects at described spout hole one and has the liquid making liquid storage cylinder two communicate with reserving liquid tank
Pressure pipe, is provided with some back-moving springs one, described storage between described interior compartment and outer compartment
Back-moving spring two it is provided with in sap cavity two;Described hydraulic system also includes several hydraulic cylinders
Three, the cylinder body of described hydraulic cylinder three is fixed in described gripper shoe, described hydraulic cylinder three
Piston rod is plugged on described outer compartment and outer end and the energy-absorption box of piston rod is fixing is connected,
It is provided with back-moving spring three, described hydraulic pressure between cylinder body and the outer compartment of described hydraulic cylinder three
Cylinder three has liquid storage cylinder three, and the cylinder body of described hydraulic cylinder three offers spout hole two, institute
State to connect at spout hole two and have the hydraulic tube making liquid storage cylinder three communicate with reserving liquid tank.
Time automobile occurs to clash into, energy-absorption box in the guide effect of guide pillar near outer compartment
Moving in direction, promotes the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder three, make the pressure in liquid storage cylinder three suddenly rise
Height, hydraulic oil is from spout hole two overflow to reserving liquid tank, by overflow effect, absorbs and clashes into
Time energy;When the speed of school bus changes, interior compartment external compartment mutually is along automobile
Fore-and-aft direction moves, and the hydraulic oil in liquid storage cylinder one flows in liquid storage cylinder two by hydraulic tube,
In liquid storage cylinder two under the effect of back-moving spring two, hydraulic oil pressurized enters from spout hole one
To reserving liquid tank, by the overflow effect of spout hole one, apparatus with shock absorbing, relax impact,
When automobile occurs to clash into largely, energy-absorption box is by being depressed into and the piston of hydraulic cylinder two
Bar leans, and promotes the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder two, makes liquid storage cylinder two pressurized, liquid storage cylinder two
Interior hydraulic oil enters in liquid storage cylinder one, and now, spout hole one can not quickly be alleviated
Pressure in liquid storage cylinder two, in causing liquid storage cylinder one, pressure raises suddenly, promotes hydraulic cylinder
The piston rod of one moves to the direction away from interior compartment, i.e. interior compartment is transported to the front of automobile
A dynamic segment distance, it is possible to relax impact greatly, it is to avoid when school bus is impacted, interior compartment
Accident is there is in interior student by inertia force effect.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that
1, when the speed of school bus changes, interior compartment mutually externally compartment along before and after automobile
Moving in direction, the hydraulic oil in liquid storage cylinder one flows in liquid storage cylinder two by hydraulic tube,
In liquid storage cylinder two under the effect of back-moving spring two, hydraulic oil pressurized enters into from spout hole one
Reserving liquid tank, by the overflow effect of spout hole one, apparatus with shock absorbing, relaxes impact,
When automobile occurs to clash into largely, energy-absorption box is by being depressed into and the piston of hydraulic cylinder two
Bar leans, and promotes the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder two, makes liquid storage cylinder two pressurized, liquid storage cylinder two
Interior hydraulic oil enters in liquid storage cylinder one, and now, spout hole one can not quickly be alleviated
Pressure in liquid storage cylinder two, in causing liquid storage cylinder one, pressure raises suddenly, promotes hydraulic cylinder
The piston rod of one moves to the direction away from interior compartment, i.e. interior compartment is transported to the front of automobile
A dynamic segment distance, it is possible to relax impact greatly, it is to avoid when school bus is impacted, interior compartment
Accident is there is in interior student by inertia force effect.
2, when automobile occurs to clash into, energy-absorption box in the guide effect of guide pillar near outer compartment
Direction motion, promote hydraulic cylinder three piston rod, make the pressure in liquid storage cylinder three suddenly
Raising, hydraulic oil is from spout hole two overflow to reserving liquid tank, and by overflow effect, absorption is hit
Energy when hitting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of this school bus.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view under another visual angle of this school bus.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of this school bus.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of local A in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the principle schematic of hydraulic system in this school bus.
Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of local B in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of Local C in Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of supporting construction in this school bus.
In figure, 11, outer compartment;12, interior compartment;13, base plate;14, guide pillar;2、
Energy-absorption box;31, support column;32, slide plate;33, chute;34, groove one;35、
Groove two;36, ball;41, hydraulic cylinder one;42, liquid storage cylinder one;43, hydraulic cylinder
Two;44, gripper shoe;45, liquid storage cylinder two;46, reserving liquid tank;51, casing;52、
Passage one;53, case lid;54, flange;55, passage two;56, spout hole one;
57, back-moving spring one;58, back-moving spring two;6, reed;71, hydraulic cylinder three;72、
Back-moving spring three;73, liquid storage cylinder three;74, spout hole two;81, car door two;82、
Car door three.
Detailed description of the invention
The following is the specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, the technical side to the present invention
Case is further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, school bus includes an outer compartment 11 and an interior compartment 12,
Having gap between outer compartment 11 and interior compartment 12, outer compartment 11 has a base plate 13,
The bottom of interior compartment 12 is slidably connected with base plate 13 by a supporting construction, interior compartment
It is additionally provided with between 12 with outer compartment 11 and can transport in the mutually external compartment of interior compartment 12 11
The first buffer structure of interior compartment 12 impact force is relaxed time dynamic, outer compartment 11
Front end is provided with an energy-absorption box 2, is provided with the second buffer structure, energy-absorbing in energy-absorption box 2
Being connected by some guide pillars 14 between box 2 with outer compartment 11, energy-absorption box 2 can be with
The mutually external compartment of guide pillar 14 11 moves, and has gap between energy-absorption box 2 and outer compartment 11,
The 3rd buffer structure it is provided with between energy-absorption box 2 and outer compartment 11.
This school bus uses interior compartment 12 and the structure in outer compartment 11, and interior compartment 12 can phase
Externally compartment 11 advances along automobile or moves, when the speed of school bus becomes in the direction of retrogressing
During change, when the first buffer structure relaxes relative motion between interior compartment 12 and outer compartment 11
Kinetic energy, when automobile occur clash into time, first the second buffer structure in energy-absorption box 2 is sent out
Raw effect, absorbs energy when part is clashed into, and is arranged on outer compartment 11 and energy-absorption box 2
Between the 3rd buffer structure can further absorbing impact energy, it is possible to greatest extent
Reduce when school bus occurs to clash into the injury of student in interior compartment 12, improve the peace of school bus
Quan Xing.
As shown in figures 3 and 8, supporting construction includes that some are fixedly installed on base plate 13
On support column 31, the upper end of support column 31 is fixedly installed slide plate 32, interior compartment 12
Bottom offer and support column 31 chute 33 one to one, chute 33 is along before automobile
Rear directional spreding, slide plate 32 is plugged in chute 33, and the both ends of the surface up and down of slide plate 32 are equal
Offer groove 1, chute 33 offer the groove two 35 corresponding with groove 1,
Ball 36, the base plate 13 in outer compartment 11 it is provided with between groove 1 and groove 2 35
On be fixedly installed support column 31, the upper end of support column 31 is fixedly installed slide plate 32,
Groove 1, groove 2 35 and ball 36 are set between slide plate 32 and interior compartment 12,
Groove 1 and 2 35 pairs of balls of groove 36 carry out spacing, ensure slide plate 32 energy simultaneously
Enough relative interior compartments 12 move, so that interior compartment 12 changes at the vehicle body of school bus
Time can mutually externally compartment 11 move, relax impact.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the first buffer structure includes several hydraulic cylinders
One 41, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixing with the front side of interior compartment 12 to be connected, hydraulic pressure
The cylinder body of cylinder is fixing with outer compartment 11 to be connected, and hydraulic cylinder has a liquid storage cylinder 1, and first
Buffer structure also includes and hydraulic cylinder 1 hydraulic cylinder 2 43 one to one, hydraulic cylinder
The piston rod of 2 43 is plugged on outer compartment 11, and outer compartment 11 is fixedly installed one
Fagging 44, the cylinder body of hydraulic cylinder 2 43 is fixedly installed in gripper shoe 44, hydraulic cylinder two
Having gap between outer end and the energy-absorption box 2 of the piston rod of 43, hydraulic cylinder 2 43 has
Liquid storage cylinder 2 45, is communicated by hydraulic tube between liquid storage cylinder 1 with liquid storage cylinder 2 45,
It is fixedly installed a reserving liquid tank 46 on outer compartment 11, hydraulic cylinder 2 43 is provided with overflow
Hole 1, connects at spout hole 1 and makes liquid storage cylinder 2 45 communicate with reserving liquid tank 46
Hydraulic tube, be provided with some back-moving springs 1 between interior compartment 12 and outer compartment 11,
Back-moving spring 2 58 it is provided with in liquid storage cylinder 2 45, when the speed of school bus changes,
The mutually external compartment of interior compartment 12 11 moves along automobile fore-and-aft direction, in liquid storage cylinder 1
Hydraulic oil flows in liquid storage cylinder 2 45 by hydraulic tube, reset bullet in liquid storage cylinder 2 45
Under the effect of spring 2 58, hydraulic oil pressurized enters into reserving liquid tank 46 from spout hole 1,
By the overflow effect of spout hole 1, apparatus with shock absorbing, relax impact, at automobile
When occurring to clash into largely, energy-absorption box 2 is by being depressed into and the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 2 43
Lean, promote the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 2 43, make liquid storage cylinder 2 45 pressurized, liquid storage
Hydraulic oil in chamber 2 45 enters in liquid storage cylinder 1, now, and spout hole 1
Can not quickly alleviate the pressure in liquid storage cylinder 2 45, cause pressure in liquid storage cylinder 1
Suddenly raise, promote the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 1 to transport to the direction away from interior compartment 12
Dynamic, i.e. interior compartment 12 is to forward one segment distance of automobile, it is possible to relax punching greatly
Hitting, it is to avoid when school bus is impacted, the student in interior compartment 12 is sent out by inertia force effect
Outside business.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, energy-absorption box 2 is hollow structure, the second buffer structure bag
Include some the reeds being fixed in energy-absorption box 26, the two ends of reed 6 and energy-absorption box 2
Inwall fixing connect, and the dead ahead in the outside compartment, middle part 11 of reed 6 is protruding, inhales
Can box 2 be the first energy-absorbing buffering structure that school bus is subject to when clashing into, energy-absorption box 2 be hit
Deform upon when hitting, cause the front side extruding reed 6 of energy-absorption box 2, make reed 6 pressurized,
The middle part of reed 6 is protruding to the front of automobile, it is possible to absorb part Impact energy.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 5 and Figure 6, the 3rd buffer structure includes several hydraulic cylinders
3 71, the cylinder body of hydraulic cylinder 3 71 is fixed in gripper shoe 44, hydraulic cylinder 3 71
Piston rod is plugged on outer compartment 11 and outer end and the energy-absorption box 2 of piston rod is fixing is connected,
It is provided with back-moving spring 3 72, hydraulic pressure between cylinder body and the outer compartment 11 of hydraulic cylinder 3 71
Cylinder 3 71 has liquid storage cylinder 3 73, and the cylinder body of hydraulic cylinder 3 71 offers spout hole two
74, connect at spout hole 2 74 and have the hydraulic pressure making liquid storage cylinder 3 73 communicate with reserving liquid tank 46
Pipe, when automobile occurs to clash into, energy-absorption box 2 in the guide effect of guide pillar 14 near outer car
The direction motion in railway carriage or compartment 11, promotes the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 3 71, makes liquid storage cylinder 3 73
Interior pressure raises suddenly, and hydraulic oil, leads to reserving liquid tank 46 from spout hole 2 74 overflow
Cross overflow effect, absorb energy when clashing into.
As shown in figure 5 and figure 7, reserving liquid tank 46 includes an airtight casing 51, case
The upper end of body 51 offers some passages 1, and the upper end of casing 51 is also arranged with case
Lid 53, case lid 53 has a flange 54, and flange 54 offers passage 2 55,
In 60 ° of angles between axis and the upper surface of case lid 53 of passage 2 55, in order to disappear
Except the hydraulic oil volume change caused of expanding with heat and contract with cold is on the impact of pressure in reserving liquid tank 46,
Some passages 1 are offered in the upper end of airtight casing 51, the most sheathed on this casing 51
Having a case lid 53, case lid 53 has flange 54, offers some logical on flange 54
Pore 2 55, in 60 ° between axis and the upper surface of case lid 53 of this passage 2 55
Angle, i.e. passage 2 55 is towards the lower section in the outside of casing 51, it is possible to avoid ash
The foreign material such as dirt enter in reserving liquid tank 46, keep the cleaning of hydraulic oil.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, interior compartment 12 offers car door one, outer car
The car door two 81 corresponding with car door one is offered, with car door one on interior compartment 12 on railway carriage or compartment 11
Rubber is passed through between doorframe corresponding with car door 2 81 on corresponding doorframe and outer compartment 11
Sheet is connected, and student gets on or off the bus and uses special car door one and car door 2 81, this car door one He
Be connected by soft sheet rubber between car door 2 81, eliminate the doorframe of car door one correspondence with
Car on gap between the doorframe of car door 2 81 correspondence, interior compartment 12 and outer compartment 11
Window may be used without same way and eliminates gap between the two, interior compartment 12 and outer compartment
There is between 11 driving cabin, outer compartment 11 is provided with between the connection external world and driving cabin
Car door 3 82, interior compartment 12 has necessarily eliminating in running mutually externally compartment 11
The motion of amplitude, in order to not affect the operation of driver, driving cabin is arranged on interior compartment 12
And between outer compartment 11.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to present invention spirit theory for example
Bright.Those skilled in the art can be to described specific embodiment
Make various amendment or supplement or use similar mode to substitute, but without departing from
The spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.