CN103904891A - Double-input BUCK direct-current converter and control system thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-input BUCK direct-current converter and a control system of the double-input BUCK direct-current converter, and belongs to the field of power electronic converters. The direct-current converter comprises two BUCK impulse voltage source units, an adjunct circuit and an output filter circuit, wherein each BUCK impulse voltage source unit comprises an input direct-current voltage source, a power switch tube and a freewheel diode; the adjunct circuit comprises a power switch tube and a freewheel diode; the output filter circuit comprises an output filter inductor L and an output filter capacitor c. The control system is used for distributing power of the two input direct-current voltage sources and stably controlling load voltage. The double-input BUCK direct-current converter has the advantages of being light in weight, small in size, low in cost, little in loss, high in circuit efficiency and dispense with an isolation transformer, and ripples in the output voltage waveform are small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to converters field, relate in particular to a kind of DC converter and control system thereof of dual input BUCK structure.
Background technology
Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of environmental protection problem, people more and more pay attention to the exploitation of regenerative resource.Regenerative resource has the features such as cheapness, reliable, cleanliness without any pollution, energy abundance, and therefore renewable energy power generation has represented good market prospects.At present, apply more renewable energy power generation form and have photovoltaic generation, fuel cell-powered, wind power generation, water generating, geothermal power generation etc., but these forms of electricity generation all exist supply of electric power unstable, discontinuous, with features such as weather conditions variations, therefore need to adopt various energy resources to combine the distributed power supply system of power supply.
In traditional new forms of energy associating electric power system, every kind of energy form needs a DC/DC converter conventionally, and the various energy is become to direct current output, is connected in parallel on public DC bus, supply with DC load, but its structure is more complicated, and cost is higher.In order to simplify circuit structure, reduce system cost, can replace multiple single input direct-current converters with a multi-input direct current converter (Multiple-Input Converter, MIC).MIC allows various energy resources input, and the character of input source, amplitude and characteristic can be identical, also can difference very large, multiple input sources can power to the load respectively or simultaneously, therefore improve stability and the flexibility of system, realized the optimization utilization of the energy, and reduced system cost.But, adopt after said system, ubiquity control method complexity, cannot topology expansion problem, in addition, be also difficult for realizing the automatic distribution function of energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide that a kind of topological structure is simple, control method is easy, can realize dual input BUCK DC converter and control system thereof that energy distributes utilization automatically.
For achieving the above object, adopted following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of dual input BUCK DC converter, described DC converter is made up of a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, adjunct circuit and output filter circuit;
A described BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the first input dc power potential source A, the first power switch tube S
1with the first sustained diode
1composition; The wherein positive pole of the first input dc power potential source A and the first sustained diode
1negative electrode connect, the first sustained diode
1anode and the first power switch tube S
1drain electrode connect, the first power switch tube S
1source electrode be connected with the negative pole of the first input dc power potential source A;
Described the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the second input dc power potential source B, the second power switch tube S
2with the second sustained diode
2composition; The wherein positive pole of the second input dc power potential source B and the second power switch tube S
2drain electrode connect, the second power switch tube S
2source electrode and the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect, the second power switch pipe D
2anode be connected with the negative pole of the second input dc power potential source B;
The first power switch tube S in the one BUCK type pulse voltage source unit
1drain electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in the second power switch tube S
2source electrode, the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect;
Described adjunct circuit comprises the 3rd power switch tube S
3with the 3rd sustained diode
3; The 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode and the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding, the 3rd sustained diode
3negative electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the second power switch tube S of the second input dc power potential source B
2drain electrode connect;
Described output filter circuit comprises output inductor L and output filter capacitor c; One end of output inductor L respectively with a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the first sustained diode of the first DC input voitage source A
1negative electrode connect, the output inductor L other end respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode, the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding; One end of output filter capacitor c respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3source electrode be connected with one end of load R, the output filter capacitor c other end respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in negative pole, the second sustained diode of the second input dc power potential source B
2the other end of anode, load R connect.
The present invention also provides a kind of dual input BUCK DC converter control system, in described system: the first input dc power potential source A is photovoltaic cell, the second input dc power potential source B is storage battery, and two BUCK type pulse voltage source units are carried out to power division and the stable control of load voltage;
The first input dc power potential source A keeps maximum power input by maximal power tracing algorithm; The second input dc power potential source B is as power buffer cell and carry out energy by pi regulator and automatically distribute;
In the time that loading demand power is greater than the power that the first input dc power potential source A provides, the second input dc power potential source B electric discharge, is converted into the second power switch tube S
2duty ratio, control the discharge power of the second input dc power potential source B;
In the time that loading demand power is less than the power that the first input dc power potential source A provides, the second input dc power potential source B charging, is converted into the 3rd power switch tube S
3duty ratio, control the charge power of the second input dc power potential source B, maintain load voltage stable.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, lightweight, volume is little, cost is low, loss is little;
2, the ripple in output voltage waveforms is little, and does not need isolating transformer;
3, adopt the input of two-way energy, make full use of new forms of energy, realize energy-optimised utilization;
4, can single-stage power conversion between each port, the energy that avoids waste, effectively raises the efficiency;
5, can expanded application, conveniently realize modularization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is dual input BUCK DC converter electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is control system structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention powers at A, B simultaneously, principle oscillogram under C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention powers at A, B simultaneously, each equivalent switch mode figure under C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 5 is the principle oscillogram of the present invention under A power supply, B energy storage, C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 6 is the present invention each equivalent switch mode figure under A power supply, B energy storage, C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 7 is that the present invention does not work at A, B is independently-powered, principle oscillogram under C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 8 is that the present invention does not work at A, B is independently-powered, each equivalent switch mode figure under C power consumption pattern;
Fig. 9 is the electrical schematic diagram that the present invention expands to N input BUCK DC converter.
Symbolic significance in accompanying drawing:
A-the first input dc power potential source, B-the second input dc power potential source, C-load R, V
1the input voltage of the-the first input dc power potential source, V
2the input voltage of the-the second input dc power potential source, S
1the-the first power switch pipe, S
2the-the second power switch pipe, S
3the-the three power switch pipe, D
1the-the first fly-wheel diode, D
2the-the second fly-wheel diode, D
3the-the three fly-wheel diode, L-output inductor, c-output filter capacitor, V
gS1the-the first power switch tube drives voltage V
gS2the-the second power switch tube drives voltage, V
gS3the-the three power switch tube drives voltage, i
l-inductive current, i
s1the-the first power switch tube current, i
s2the-the second power switch tube current, i
s3the-the three power switch tube current, i
d1the-the first fly-wheel diode electric current, i
d2the-the second fly-wheel diode electric current, i
d3the-the three fly-wheel diode electric current, d
1the duty ratio of the-the first power switch pipe, d
2the duty ratio of the-the second power switch pipe, d
3the duty ratio of the-the three power switch pipe, V
o-output voltage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail
In the electrical schematic diagram of the BUCK of dual input shown in Fig. 1 DC converter, DC converter of the present invention is connected to form by a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, adjunct circuit and output filter circuit;
A described BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the first input dc power potential source A, the first power switch tube S
1with the first sustained diode
1composition; The wherein positive pole of the first input dc power potential source A and the first sustained diode
1negative electrode connect, the first sustained diode
1anode and the first power switch tube S
1drain electrode connect, the first power switch tube S
1source electrode be connected with the negative pole of the first input dc power potential source A;
Described the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the second input dc power potential source B, the second power switch tube S
2with the second sustained diode
2composition; The wherein positive pole of the second input dc power potential source B and the second power switch tube S
2drain electrode connect, the second power switch tube S
2source electrode and the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect, the second power switch pipe D
2anode be connected with the negative pole of the second input dc power potential source B;
The first power switch tube S in the one BUCK type pulse voltage source unit
1drain electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in the second power switch tube S
2source electrode, the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect;
Described adjunct circuit comprises the 3rd power switch tube S
3with the 3rd sustained diode
3; The 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode and the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding, the 3rd sustained diode
3negative electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the second power switch tube S of the second input dc power potential source B
2drain electrode connect;
Described output filter circuit comprises output inductor L and output filter capacitor c; One end of output inductor L respectively with a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the first sustained diode of the first DC input voitage source A
1negative electrode connect, the output inductor L other end respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode, the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding; One end of output filter capacitor c respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3source electrode be connected with one end of load R, the output filter capacitor c other end respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in negative pole, the second sustained diode of the second input dc power potential source B
2the other end of anode, load R connect.
In the control system structured flowchart shown in Fig. 2, in described dual input BUCK DC converter, the first input dc power potential source A is photovoltaic cell, as main electricity; The second input dc power potential source B is storage battery, as from power supply.System adopts master-slave control method, has three kinds of mode of operations:
(1) energy shortage providing as the first input dc power potential source A when meeting load R needs, guarantees the first input dc power potential source A energy that sends as much as possible, can make it be operated in maximum power point, and dump energy is supplemented by the second input dc power potential source B;
(2) when the energy providing as the first input dc power potential source A is greater than load R and needs, the first input dc power potential source A is to load R and the second input dc power potential source B power supply, and the second input dc power potential source B is in charged state;
(3) in the time that the first input dc power potential source A can not export energy due to environmental factor or faults itself, bearing power is provided by the second input dc power potential source B completely.
If the maximum power that the first input dc power potential source A can provide is P
1max, load R power demand is P
o, dual input BUCK DC converter completes energy management by mode decision device and multidiameter option switch MUX:
Work as P
o>P
1maxtime, mode decision device gated mode I, output terminals A o, Bo, the Co of multidiameter option switch MUX are connected with AX, BX, CX respectively, regulate the first input dc power potential source A input current reference value to realize the maximum power output of the first input dc power potential source A, realize MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT), the second input dc power potential source B, by pi regulator, is converted into the second power switch tube S
2duty ratio, control the discharge power of the second input dc power potential source B, maintain load voltage stable, the 3rd power switch tube S
3in high level state;
Work as P
o<P
1maxtime, mode decision device gated mode II, output terminals A o, Bo, the Co of multidiameter option switch MUX are connected with AY, BY, CY respectively, regulate the first input dc power potential source A input current reference value to realize the maximum power output of the first input dc power potential source A, realize MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, MPPT), the second input dc power potential source B, by pi regulator, is converted into the 3rd power switch tube S
3duty ratio, control the charge power of the second input dc power potential source B, maintain load voltage stable, the second power switch tube S
2in low level state;
Work as P
1max=0 o'clock, mode decision device gated mode III, output terminals A o, Bo, the Co of multidiameter option switch MUX are connected with AZ, BZ, CZ respectively, and the first input dc power potential source A blocks, and the second input dc power potential source B, by pi regulator, is converted into the second power switch tube S
2duty ratio, control the discharge power of the second input dc power potential source B, maintain load voltage stable, the 3rd power switch tube S
3in high level state.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3～Fig. 8, the mode of operation of converter of the present invention is made a concrete analysis of.
Before analyzing, first make the following assumptions: 1. all switching tubes are desirable device, do not consider switching time, conduction voltage drop; 2. all inductance and electric capacity are desirable device.
(1) dual input BUCK DC converter in A, B power simultaneously, C power consumption pattern lower time, in a switch periods, have four kinds of switch mode, converter principle waveform as shown in Figure 3.Under this pattern, there is d
1>d
2and d
1<d
2two kinds of situations.
1. switch mode I:
As shown in Fig. 4 (a), S
1, S
2, S
3open-minded, inductive current i
lincrease, A connects with B to C power supply, and current path is V
2-S
2-S
1-V
1-L-S
3-C.
2. switch mode II:
As shown in Fig. 4 (b), S
1, S
3open-minded, S
2turn-off D
2conducting, inductive current i
lincrease, A is separately to C power supply, and current path is V
1-L-S
3-C-D
2-S
1.
3. switch mode III:
As shown in Fig. 4 (c), S
2, S
3open-minded, S
1turn-off D
1conducting, inductive current i
lincrease, B is separately to C power supply, and current path is V
2-S
2-D
1-L-S
3-C.
4. switch mode IV:
As shown in Fig. 4 (d), S
3open-minded, S
1, S
2turn-off D
1, D
2conducting, inductance L is passed through D
1, D
2afterflow, to C power supply, inductive current i
lreduce, current path is L-S
3-C – D
2-D
1.
Power at A, B simultaneously, under C power consumption pattern, have d
1>d
2and d
1<d
2two kinds of situations.Work as d
1>d
2time, converter work schedule is I-II-IV; Work as d
1<d
2time, converter work schedule is I-III-IV.Duty ratio d
1be used for controlling power supply A power output, duty ratio d
2be used for controlling the discharge power of power supply B, maintain load voltage stable.According to filter inductance weber equilibrium response known, when stable state, output voltage V
o=V
1d
1+ V
2d
2.
(2) dual input BUCK DC converter, in A power supply, B energy storage, C power consumption pattern lower time, has three kinds of switch mode in a switch periods, and converter principle waveform as shown in Figure 5.
1. switch mode I:
As shown in Fig. 6 (a), S
1, S
3open-minded, S
2turn-off D
2conducting, inductive current i
lincrease, A is separately to C power supply, and current path is V
1-L-S
3-C-D
2-S
1.
2. switch mode II:
As shown in Fig. 6 (b), S
3open-minded, S
1, S
2turn-off D
1, D
2conducting, inductance L is passed through D
1, D
2afterflow, to C power supply, inductive current i
lreduce, current path is L-S
3-C – D
2-D
1.
3. switch mode III:
As shown in Fig. 6 (c), S
1, S
2, S
3turn-off D
1, D
2, D
3conducting, inductance L is passed through D
3afterflow, to B-source charging, inductive current i
lreduce, current path is L-D
3-V
2-D
2-D
1.
In A power supply, B energy storage, under C power consumption pattern, duty ratio d
1be used for controlling power supply A power output, duty ratio d
3be used for controlling the charge power of power supply B, maintain load voltage stable.According to filter inductance weber equilibrium response known, when stable state, output voltage
(3) dual input BUCK DC converter in A do not work, B is independently-powered, C power consumption pattern lower time, has two kinds of switch mode in a switch periods, converter principle waveform is as shown in Figure 7.
1. switch mode I:
As shown in Fig. 8 (a), S
2, S
3open-minded, S
1turn-off D
1conducting, inductive current i
lincrease, B is separately to C power supply, and current path is V
2-S
2-D
1-L-S
3-C.
2. switch mode II:
As shown in Fig. 8 (b), S
3open-minded, S
1, S
2turn-off D
1, D
2conducting, inductance L is passed through D
1, D
2afterflow, to C power supply, inductive current i
lreduce, current path is L-S
3-C – D
2-D
1.
Do not work at A, B is independently-powered, under C power consumption pattern, duty ratio d
2be used for controlling the discharge power of power supply B, maintain load voltage stable.According to filter inductance weber equilibrium response known, when stable state, output voltage V
o=V
2d
2.
As shown in Figure 9, dual input BUCK DC converter easily expands to N input direct-current converter, and it comprises N BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, adjunct circuit and output filter.Wherein 1～(N-1) source can be the generator units such as photovoltaic cell, wind turbine generator, fuel cell, thereby can make up the existing supply of electric power of these forms of electricity generation unstable, discontinuous, with features such as weather conditions variations, the distributed power supply system of combining power supply for multiple-energy-source provides a kind of new topology to select.
Claims (2)
1. a dual input BUCK DC converter, is characterized in that: described DC converter is made up of a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit, adjunct circuit and output filter circuit;
A described BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the first input dc power potential source A, the first power switch tube S
1with the first sustained diode
1composition; The wherein positive pole of the first input dc power potential source A and the first sustained diode
1negative electrode connect, the first sustained diode
1anode and the first power switch tube S
1drain electrode connect, the first power switch tube S
1source electrode be connected with the negative pole of the first input dc power potential source A;
Described the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit is by the second input dc power potential source B, the second power switch tube S
2with the second sustained diode
2composition; The wherein positive pole of the second input dc power potential source B and the second power switch tube S
2drain electrode connect, the second power switch tube S
2source electrode and the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect, the second power switch pipe D
2anode be connected with the negative pole of the second input dc power potential source B;
The first power switch tube S in the one BUCK type pulse voltage source unit
1drain electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in the second power switch tube S
2source electrode, the second sustained diode
2negative electrode connect;
Described adjunct circuit comprises the 3rd power switch tube S
3with the 3rd sustained diode
3; The 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode and the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding, the 3rd sustained diode
3negative electrode respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the second power switch tube S of the second input dc power potential source B
2drain electrode connect;
Described output filter circuit comprises output inductor L and output filter capacitor c; One end of output inductor L respectively with a BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in positive pole and the first sustained diode of the first DC input voitage source A
1negative electrode connect, the output inductor L other end respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3drain electrode, the 3rd sustained diode
3anodic bonding; One end of output filter capacitor c respectively with adjunct circuit in the 3rd power switch tube S
3source electrode be connected with one end of load R, the output filter capacitor c other end respectively with the 2nd BUCK type pulse voltage source unit in negative pole, the second sustained diode of the second input dc power potential source B
2the other end of anode, load R connect.
2. a dual input BUCK DC converter control system, it is characterized in that: described the first input dc power potential source A is photovoltaic cell, the second input dc power potential source B is storage battery, and two BUCK type pulse voltage source units are carried out to power division and the stable control of load voltage;
The first input dc power potential source A keeps maximum power input by maximal power tracing algorithm; The second input dc power potential source B is as power buffer cell and carry out energy by pi regulator and automatically distribute;
In the time that loading demand power is greater than the power that the first input dc power potential source A provides, the second input dc power potential source B electric discharge, is converted into the second power switch tube S
2duty ratio, control the discharge power of the second input dc power potential source B;
In the time that loading demand power is less than the power that the first input dc power potential source A provides, the second input dc power potential source B charging, is converted into the 3rd power switch tube S
3duty ratio, control the charge power of the second input dc power potential source B, maintain load voltage stable.
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| CN104578781A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 西京学院 | Dual-input BUCK circuit with light-battery hybrid power supply |
| CN104578781B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-08-08 | 西京学院 | A kind of light stores joint power supply dual input BUCK circuits |
| CN105406709A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-16 | 重庆大学 | Double-input three-level interleaved Boost converter and closed-loop control strategy thereof |
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