CN103904408A - Stable phase center measurement antenna - Google Patents
Stable phase center measurement antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103904408A CN103904408A CN201410086861.6A CN201410086861A CN103904408A CN 103904408 A CN103904408 A CN 103904408A CN 201410086861 A CN201410086861 A CN 201410086861A CN 103904408 A CN103904408 A CN 103904408A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stable phase center measurement antenna which is mainly used in the fields of geodesy and relevant subjects including marine geodesy, geophysical exploration, resource exploration, engineering surveying, engineering deformation, spacecraft docking and the like. The antenna comprises a metal base of the antenna and wave-absorbing material arranged on the upper surface of the outer edge of the metal base. The center part of the metal base is a round cavity, and a circuit board protection cover, a multi-feed slot antenna array, a supporting medium, annular wave-absorbing material in the cavity, a coaxial feed antenna and a radio frequency connector are installed in the cavity from top to bottom. Two round groove choking coils are contained between the round cavity and the outer edge of the base. The multi-feed point, wave-absorbing material and coking coil technologies are comprehensively adopted for the stable phase center measurement antenna, and thus the stable phase center measurement antenna has the advantages of being low in wide angle polarization axis ratio and high in phase center stability and can be used for various kinds of precision measurement for satellite navigation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of high-precision fixed high stable phase center antenna to location use that satellite navigation Technology of Precision Measurement or spacecraft docking technique need that is applicable to, have that standing-wave ratio is little, axial ratio is little, a remarkable advantage such as Phase center stability height within the scope of broad beam.
Background technology:
The satellite navigation system of global operation has the Galileo system in the gps system of the U.S., Muscovite GLONASS system, Europe and the Big Dipper two generations satellite navigation and location system of China at present.Location is two large functions of satellite navigation system with measuring, and pseudorange is determined take pseudo-code phase as observed quantity in location, measures and mainly determines pseudorange with carrier phase observed quantity.Satellite navigation Technology of Precision Measurement is widely used in geodesy and relevant ambit thereof, mainly comprises marine geodesy, geophysical exploration, resource exploration, engineering survey and engineering deformation etc.The Technology of Precision Measurement building voluntarily between spacecraft in addition also can be applicable to the docking technique of spacecraft.The variation of antenna phase center and multipath effect are the appreciable error sources in high accuracy navigation precision measurement system, general antenna, because the unstable meeting of its phase center brings the error of Centimeter Level above or even more than ten meter levels, cannot be realized the grade of Technology of Precision Measurement needs and following certainty of measurement thereof.
The type of the current high stable phase center antenna mainly for U.S.'s global navigation satellite system (GPS) design is various, but being summed up basic is following two kinds of forms: a kind of is the Microstrip stacked patch antenna that adopts the many feeds of axial symmetry, as the Zephyr measurement type antenna of Trimble company and the LegAnt3 antenna of Topen company, it is all the micro-band laminated patch antenna of four feeds; Another kind is the multi-arm snail slot antenna that adopts " Hot Wheels " technology, as the Sok600 antenna of the GPS-700 antenna of Novatel company and Sokkia company.The first has guaranteed the axial symmetry of antenna by the many Feed Designs of axial symmetry, feed is more, and symmetry is better, and Phase center stability is higher, but feeding network is more complicated, is just difficult for realizing, and it is more difficult to regulate.Complicated feeding network in addition, also can affect the stability of phase center owing to there being more network to leak energy.The second antenna guarantees the high stable phase center of antenna by multiple snail slot antennas, feeding network adopts series feed row ripple feed microstrip line circuit, simple in structure.Owing to adopting series feed form, although can guarantee that between multiple gaps, phase place is successively decreased successively, but its feed amplitude is unadjustable and successively decrease, inconsistency and the antenna efficiency of feed amplitude have formed contradiction, the contradiction of the present antenna phase center stability of final body and antenna efficiency.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, provide that a kind of feeding network is simple, feed amplitude is adjustable, standing wave is little, axial ratio is little, the stable measurement type antenna of phase center within the scope of broad beam.
The object of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
Stable phase angle center measurement type antenna, comprise: for the antenna metal base 1 of fixing and other each parts that fix up an aerial wire, the outer of pedestal is lower than centre and the core of pedestal, the mid portion of pedestal is for reflected signal and suppresses the endless metal choke that multipath disturbs, described metal choke has comprised the first choke and the second choke, the first and second chokes and pedestal center concentric, and within the first choke is positioned at the second choke, within the second choke is positioned at pedestal outer, it within the first choke, is pedestal core, pedestal core is that a circular cavity is for placing the core component of the antennas such as wiring board, the pedestal outer of antenna is lower than placing the absorbing material for absorbing reflected signal on the platform of pedestal center and mid portion, in the circular cavity of antenna base core, be placed with absorbing material in many distributing points slot array, chamber from top to bottom, described many distributing points slot array comprises for the protection of absorbing material 7, dielectric support substrate 8 in the metal patch 4 in the prepreg of the protective cover 3 of wiring board, multilayer circuit board processing use, the multiple gaps of etching, dielectric substrate 5, annular series feed microstrip line 6, chamber, metal tray 9 is fixed on slot array and absorbing material the center of antenna base, and pallet below connects radio-frequency joint 10.
Described antenna base, comprise outer annular platform 101, this platform is lower than the height of antenna base mid portion endless metal choke groove, the difference in height h1 of annular platform and endless metal choke groove is the height that is arranged on absorbing material 2 on circular platform, the size of absorbing material and circular platform in the same size; The mid portion of pedestal is the two circle endless metal chokes for reflected signal and the interference of inhibition multipath, and first choke 102 is highly consistent with second choke 103, and consistent with antenna base core circular cavity outer height; The outer of circular cavity is higher than choke 1-2mm, and outer is to the convex 105 along outstanding 1-2mm on circular cavity inside, for blocking the antenna element of installing in circular cavity.
The radius of described protective cover is consistent with circular cavity radius; Protective cover center and leave two/Radius place, center and have respectively two holes 301,302, convenient for antenna array and the connection of coaxial cable and the welding of microstrip feed line end absorbing load; The outer of protective cover is printed with metal level 303 apart from 1-2mm place of maximum radius place, and metal level is printed on the upper and lower surface of protective cover and passes through 15-20 metallization 304 via holes by the metal level short circuit of upper and lower surface.
Metal patch, dielectric substrate, annular series feed microstrip line that described many distributing points slot array comprises the multiple gaps of etching, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of circular dielectric substrate 5 is circular metal paster 4, paster is etched with a gap, N2≤N≤16 400, N gap is evenly distributed on circular metal paster, and each gap is made up of radially rectangular aperture 401 and axial special-shaped gap 402, and the lower surface of medium substrate is etched with annular microstrip line 6; The radius of circular dielectric substrate and circular patch is consistent with circular cavity radius.
Described radially rectangular aperture has also comprised a little rectangular aperture 403, width W and length L can regulate, by regulating its length can make gap in resonance condition, thereby the energy that regulates gap width can control slot-coupled is controlled cutler feed amplitude.
Described metal patch, there is a cannelure 404 by circle centre position, cannelure inside is a circular pad 405, and be etched with radially rectangular channel between first and N gap, groove inside is etched with a microstrip line, one end of microstrip line is by the center of circle, and circle centre position has a metallization via hole, in order to the heart yearn of connecting coaxial cable.The other end of microstrip line is connected to one end of the series feed microstrip line of annular of dielectric substrate lower floor by metallization via hole; One end of the series feed microstrip line 6 of annular of dielectric substrate lower floor is directed to signal by via hole the metal patch on substrate upper strata, and in rectangle small gap 406 of via hole place etching, in gap, there is another microstrip line 407, this microstrip line one end is connected with via hole 502, microstrip line 407 other ends are connected with load, and the other end of load is connected on metal patch.
The dielectric constant of described dielectric support substrate is less; There is a circular hole center, passes through for feeder cable; The radius of this dielectric support substrate 8 is less than the radius of circular cavity;
In described annular chamber, the height of absorbing material 7 is the same with the height of dielectric support substrate 8; In annular chamber, the external diameter of absorbing material and the radius of circular cavity are consistent, and in annular chamber, the internal diameter of absorbing material is consistent with the external diameter of dielectric support substrate;
From top to bottom, absorbing material and coaxial feeder 11 in described many distributing points slot array, chamber are arranged in the circular cavity at antenna base center, above parts in cavity by blocking along convex 105 in antenna base central circular cavity, blocked by metal tray 9 below, feed radio-frequency joint 10 is installed in metal tray below.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following features and advantage in the present invention:
The present invention is suppressing antenna reflected signal and multipath interference signal, and the method that has not only adopted the form of conventional choke also to adopt absorbing material to cover has effectively improved the inhibition ability of multipath interference signal; The core of antenna base of the present invention is along inwardly protruding on the inwall of circular cavity, do not need with absorbing material in the fixing many distributing points slot antenna unit of the conventional methods such as screw and chamber, because the fixed forms such as lead-in screw can be destroyed the axial symmetry of antenna, thereby the phase stability of antenna is declined; Length and the width of the radially rectangular aperture of slot antenna of the present invention unit can be adjusted, by changing the length in gap and the energy of width adjustment slot-coupled, thereby the energy of the amplitudes such as each slot element that makes slot array obtains, and the L(1≤L≤N) phase place that obtains of individual slot element is-(L-1) * 360/N degree, makes antenna have the phase center characteristic of ultra-high stable; The present invention introduced absorbing material in chamber in the circular cavity of metal base, absorbed electric current unnecessary on cavity wall, further improved the stability of phase center.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is overall schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is metal base schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 circuit protection cover schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 metal patch schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 metal patch partial schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 dielectric substrate schematic diagram;
The series feed microstrip line schematic diagram of Fig. 7 annular;
Absorbing material schematic diagram in chamber, Fig. 8-1, absorbing material cutaway view in chamber, Fig. 8-2;
Fig. 9-1 dielectric support substrate schematic diagram, Fig. 9-2 dielectric support substrate cutaway view;
Figure 10-1 metal tray schematic diagram, Figure 10-2 metal tray cutaway view;
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Referring to Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-1,8-2,9-1,9-2,10-1,10-2, a kind of high stable phase center measurement type antenna, comprise: for the antenna circular metal pedestal of fixing and other each parts that fix up an aerial wire, the outer of round base is lower than centre and the core of pedestal, the mid portion of pedestal is for reflected signal and suppresses the endless metal choke that multipath disturbs, described metal choke has comprised the first choke and the second choke, and pedestal core is that a circular cavity is for placing the core component of the antennas such as wiring board; The pedestal outer of antenna is lower than placing the absorbing material for absorbing reflected signal on the platform of pedestal center and mid portion; In the circular cavity of antenna base core, be placed with absorbing material in many distributing points slot array, chamber from top to bottom; Circular metal pallet is fixed on slot array and absorbing material the center of antenna base, and pallet below connects radio-frequency joint.
Further; described many distributing points slot array has mainly comprised prepreg, the metal patch in the multiple gaps of etching, dielectric substrate, the annular series feed microstrip line for the protection of the protective cover of wiring board, multilayer circuit board processing use, dielectric support substrate from top to bottom.The core of circuit protection cover and distance center appropriate location have the welding of circular port for its lower metal layer; Metal level is the circular metal paster of the etching slot antenna unit of evenly arranging, wherein the radial section size of each slot antenna unit can regulate, utilize metallization via hole, be circular metal patch layer by the upper strata that causes dielectric substrate on serial feed microstrip line input distributing point, the supreme via hole place etching clearance channel drawing in the center at metal level simultaneously, via hole and metal level center printed microstrip line in clearance channel, cause the pad of antenna array and coaxial feeder cables the center position of antenna array.Another end points of the series feed microstrip line of annular is caused to metal level by via hole by signal by identical method, recycling gap is connected at metal level the other end signal of annular series feed microstrip line with microstrip line with load, and the other end of load is connected with metal level.
Further, described many distributing points slot array, its metal level below is dielectric substrate, the lower surface of dielectric substrate is annular series feed microstrip line.
Further, described many distributing points slot array, its annular series feed microstrip line below is prepreg and dielectric support substrate, and the radius of dielectric support substrate is less than the circular cavity of central seat, and the height of dielectric support substrate is consistent with the height of absorbing material in cavity.Utilize prepreg and multilayer circuit board process technology, by circuit protection cover, metal level, dielectric substrate, serial microstrip line layer, dielectric support substrate layer consolidation, forms the core component of many distributing points slot array.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention; can not assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention only limits to this; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention and determine scope of patent protection by submitted to claims.
Claims (10)
1. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna, is characterized in that, comprising:
Antenna metal base (1), be arranged on outer annular platform on antenna metal base and the mid portion of pedestal, outer annular platform is lower than the mid portion of pedestal, the mid portion of pedestal is provided with endless metal choke, endless metal choke has comprised the first choke and the second choke, the first choke and the second choke and pedestal center concentric, and within the first choke is positioned at the second choke, within the second choke is positioned at pedestal outer, it within the first choke, is pedestal core, pedestal core is a circular cavity, in circular cavity, be placed with absorbing material in many distributing points slot array and chamber from top to bottom, the absorbing material for absorbing reflected signal is placed in the outer of pedestal.
2. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Absorbing material (7), dielectric support substrate (8) in the prepreg that described many distributing points slot array comprises protective cover (3) for the protection of wiring board, multilayer circuit board processing use, the metal patch (4) in the multiple gaps of etching, dielectric substrate (5), annular series feed microstrip line (6), chamber; Metal tray (9) is fixed on slot array and absorbing material the center of antenna base, and pallet below connects radio-frequency joint (10).
3. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described outer annular platform (101) is lower than the height of antenna base mid portion endless metal choke groove, the difference in height h1 of outer annular platform and endless metal choke groove is for being arranged on the height of absorbing material on circular platform (2), the size of absorbing material and circular platform in the same size; The mid portion of pedestal is for reflected signal and suppresses the two circle endless metal chokes that multipath disturbs, first choke (102) is highly consistent with second choke (103), and consistent with antenna base core circular cavity outer height; The outer of circular cavity is higher than choke 1-2mm, and outer is to the convex (105) along outstanding 1-2mm on circular cavity inside, for blocking the antenna element of installing in circular cavity.
4. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
The radius of described protective cover is consistent with circular cavity radius; Protective cover center and leave two/Radius place, center and have respectively left hole (301) and right hole (302), is conveniently used for antenna array and the connection of coaxial cable and the welding of microstrip feed line end absorbing load; The outer of protective cover is printed with metal level (303) apart from 1-2mm place of maximum radius place, and metal level is printed on the upper and lower surface of protective cover and passes through 15-20 metallization (304) via hole by the metal level short circuit of upper and lower surface.
5. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
Metal patch, dielectric substrate, annular series feed microstrip line that described many distributing points slot array comprises the multiple gaps of etching, the upper surface of circular dielectric substrate (5) is circular metal paster (4), paster is etched with N gap (400), N gap is evenly distributed on circular metal paster, and each gap is made up of radially rectangular aperture (401) and axial special-shaped gap (402), and the lower surface of medium substrate is etched with annular microstrip line (6); The radius of circular dielectric substrate and circular patch is consistent with circular cavity radius; Wherein 2≤N≤16.
6. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described radially rectangular aperture has also comprised a little rectangular aperture (403), width W and length L can regulate, by regulating its length can make gap in resonance condition, thereby the energy that regulates gap width can control slot-coupled is controlled cutler feed amplitude.
7. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described metal patch, there is a cannelure (404) by circle centre position, cannelure inside is a circular pad (405), and be etched with radially rectangular channel between first and N gap, groove inside is etched with a microstrip line, one end of microstrip line is by the center of circle, and circle centre position has a metallization via hole, in order to the heart yearn of connecting coaxial cable; The other end of microstrip line is connected to one end of the series feed microstrip line of annular of dielectric substrate lower floor by metallization via hole; One end of the series feed microstrip line of annular (6) of dielectric substrate lower floor is directed to signal by via hole the metal patch on substrate upper strata, and in a rectangle small gap of via hole place etching (406), in gap, there is another microstrip line (407), this microstrip line one end is connected with via hole (502), microstrip line (407) other end is connected with load, and the other end of load is connected on metal patch.
8. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
The dielectric constant of described dielectric support substrate is less; There is a circular hole center, passes through for feeder cable; The radius of this dielectric support substrate (8) is less than the radius of circular cavity.
9. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
In described annular chamber, the height of absorbing material (7) is the same with the height of dielectric support substrate claimed in claim 8 (8); In annular chamber, the external diameter of absorbing material and the radius of circular cavity are consistent, and in annular chamber, the internal diameter of absorbing material is consistent with the external diameter of dielectric support substrate.
10. stable phase angle center measurement type antenna as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that:
In described many distributing points slot array, chamber, absorbing material and coaxial feeder (11) are arranged in the circular cavity at antenna metal base center, above parts in cavity by blocking along convex (105) in antenna base central circular cavity, blocked by metal tray (9) below, feed radio-frequency joint (10) is installed in metal tray below.
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CN104600432A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 北京理工雷科电子信息技术有限公司 | Small wide-beam microstrip antenna |
CN104836026A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-12 | 深圳市华颖泰科电子技术有限公司 | Low-multipath measuring type antenna |
CN105490028A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-13 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Antenna and platform telemetering system |
CN106654553A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | C-band broadband pattern shaped antenna |
CN106898876A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-06-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of series feed circularly-polarized patch antenna in broadband |
CN107359423A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 成都银丰信禾电子科技有限公司 | Anti- multipath effect antenna assembly |
CN107367641A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳市艾励美特科技有限公司 | Aerial signal detection means |
CN107887697A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-04-06 | 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | Minimize anti-multipath plane gap helical antenna |
CN108732599A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-02 | 全图通位置网络有限公司 | A kind of Global Navigation Satellite System ground enhancing localization method |
CN109037944A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Multifrequency indoor and outdoor share omnidirectional antenna |
CN109167160A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-08 | 广州中海达卫星导航技术股份有限公司 | Antenna assembly and GNSS measure antenna |
JP2019507556A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2019-03-14 | カイメタ コーポレイション | Broadband RF radial waveguide feeder with integral glass transition |
CN112382847A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-19 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Novel choke center feed dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna |
CN113794046A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Disc cone communication antenna capable of beam forming |
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CN104600432A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 北京理工雷科电子信息技术有限公司 | Small wide-beam microstrip antenna |
CN104600432B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-08-25 | 北京理工雷科电子信息技术有限公司 | One kind miniaturization broad beam microstrip antenna |
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JP2019507556A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2019-03-14 | カイメタ コーポレイション | Broadband RF radial waveguide feeder with integral glass transition |
CN106654553A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | C-band broadband pattern shaped antenna |
CN106898876A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-06-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of series feed circularly-polarized patch antenna in broadband |
CN106898876B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2024-04-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband series-fed circularly polarized patch antenna |
CN107359423A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 成都银丰信禾电子科技有限公司 | Anti- multipath effect antenna assembly |
CN107367641A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳市艾励美特科技有限公司 | Aerial signal detection means |
CN107887697A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-04-06 | 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | Minimize anti-multipath plane gap helical antenna |
CN108732599A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-02 | 全图通位置网络有限公司 | A kind of Global Navigation Satellite System ground enhancing localization method |
CN109037944A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Multifrequency indoor and outdoor share omnidirectional antenna |
CN109167160A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-08 | 广州中海达卫星导航技术股份有限公司 | Antenna assembly and GNSS measure antenna |
CN109037944B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2024-05-14 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency indoor and outdoor common omnidirectional antenna |
CN112382847A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-02-19 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Novel choke center feed dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna |
CN112382847B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-09-27 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Novel choke center feed dual-frequency circularly polarized GPS antenna |
CN113794046A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-14 | 成都世源频控技术股份有限公司 | Disc cone communication antenna capable of beam forming |
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