CN103904382A - Cooling control method for vehicle-mounted power battery of hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling control method for a vehicle-mounted power battery of a hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: acquiring related parameters of a battery collected by a battery management system sensor, and calculating the heating value of the battery in unit time according to the related parameters; calculating the theoretical heat exchange value of the battery surface in unit time according to the heating value of the battery, the surface temperature of the battery and the temperature of cooling air at air inlets/outlets of a battery pack based on the heat transfer theory; determining the cooling air quantity in unit time according to the temperature of cooling air at the air inlets/outlets of the battery pack and the theoretical heat exchange value; and changing a blower output signal to enable a blower to output the calculated cooling air quantity. The cooling control method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of correcting the air quantity of the blower in real time and ensuring the smooth temperature change of the battery according to the change trend of the surface temperature of the battery.

Description

Hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method

Technical field

The present invention relates to automobile batteries safety control technology field, especially relate to a kind of good energy-conserving effect, cooling effectiveness is high, effectively avoids the hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method of undercooling, cooling deficiency and cooling hysteresis.

Background technology

In hybrid vehicle running, electrokinetic cell is carrying out charge and discharge process at any time, is accompanied by a large amount of heat-dissipating amounts in process, causes internal temperature of battery higher.The large inertia of temperature, the large characteristic postponing cause battery surface variations in temperature slow.In the control mode of traditional power battery cooling system, blower fan generally adopts based on battery surface temperature and divides gear to control the mode of fan delivery.And the slow variation of battery surface temperature may cause current time blower fan cooling air quantity deficiency, cause battery temperature to continue to raise.Until battery surface temperature just can impel blower fan to enter next air quantity gear while reaching blower fan gear threshold points.Adopt based on battery surface temperature and divide gear to control the mode of fan delivery, can cause equally the sub-cooled of electrokinetic cell in the time that small-power is used.Such control system has increased the energy consumption of blower fan and the running noises of blower fan, has caused the frequent fluctuation of battery temperature, even can depart from the Optimal Temperature scope of battery.

Current domestic power battery for hybrid electric vehicle cooling system generally adopts fixed shelves to control the mode of fan delivery.Conventionally blower fan is arranged to one or several static stall, the corresponding different air quantity of different gears.In the time that battery temperature reaches the temperature threshold values of different gears, blower fan is exported the air quantity that this gear is corresponding.But conventionally there is following shortcoming in battery cooling system:

1. the cooling hysteresis of cooling system

In the time of the high-power use of battery, inside battery caloric value is very large, causes internal temperature to raise fast.And temperature and heat conduction have large inertia, the large characteristic postponing, and because the heat conductivility of battery material is poor, cause the variation of battery hull-skin temperature slow.Therefore control the mode of cooling blower according to battery surface temperature, must cause the delay of cooling system action.

2. cooling system can cause the problem of undercooling and cooling deficiency

Blower fan adopts the mode of stepping control, and the size of cooling air quantity only relies on battery surface temperature to determine.In the time that blower fan is in little air quantity gear, if the high-power use of battery, quantity of heat production is more, causes the cooling deficiency of current time, causes battery temperature to continue to raise, and triggers very soon the temperature threshold points of next gear.In the time that blower fan is in Wind Volume gear, if battery small-power is used, quantity of heat production is little, causes current time undercooling, and temperature declines rapidly.Cooling deficiency and undercooling can cause battery temperature frequent fluctuation, even can depart from battery Optimal Temperature scope.

3. system cools efficiency is low, higher energy consumption and running noises.

System can cause unnecessary blower fan energy consumption in the time of sub-cooled, has increased the noise of fan operation.

Chinese patent mandate publication number: CN102420343A, authorizes open day on April 18th, 2012, discloses a kind of for motor vehicle battery cooling apparatus, comprising: the battery and the PE equipment that are arranged on respectively insulating space; Air induction conduit, is configured to the air from vehicle interior to supply with to described battery and described PE equipment respectively; Discharge tube, is configured to the air venting of the described battery of flowing through from described air induction conduit to outside; PE discharge tube, by the air venting of the described PE equipment of flowing through from described air induction conduit to vehicle interior or outside; The first valve, is arranged in the described air induction conduit that air is supplied with to described battery and described PE equipment respectively from vehicle interior; And second valve, be arranged in described PE discharge tube and regulate and flow through described PE equipment and be discharged into vehicle interior or the air of outside.There is the cooling hysteresis of cooling system, the deficiency that cooling effectiveness is low in this invention.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention of the present invention is in order to overcome the cooling hysteresis of cooling system of the prior art, undercooling, cooling deficiency, cooling effectiveness are low, energy consumption height and the large deficiency of noise, a kind of good energy-conserving effect is provided, cooling effectiveness is high, effectively avoids the hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method of undercooling, cooling deficiency and cooling hysteresis.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

A kind of hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method, comprises the steps:

(1-1) use electrokinetic cell internal resistance test device to measure the data that electrokinetic cell internal resistance R changes with the state-of-charge parameter S OC (State of charge) of battery temperature and battery, and internal resistance of cell R, battery temperature and corresponding SOC data are stored in battery management system;

(1-2) the operating current I of battery management system by electric current, voltage and temperature sensor measurement battery (electric discharge for just, charge position is born), the load voltage U of battery, the temperature T of power brick air inlet cooling-air _{f, in}temperature T with power brick air outlet cooling-air _{f, out}, the battery surface temperature T at m test point place in power brick ₁, T ₂.。。，T _m；

(1-3) battery management system is according to formula T _avr=(T ₁+ T ₂...+T _m)/m calculates m mean value T that measures temperature _avr, the maximum of T of accounting temperature _max; And obtain the state-of-charge parameter S OC of battery;

Battery management system, according to electric current I and voltage U, adopts the method for ampere-hour integration of the prior art and dynamically correction to calculate the SOC of battery;

(1-4) battery management system is according to the mean temperature T of the SOC of battery and battery _avr, in the data of battery management system storage, find and current battery SOC and mean temperature T _avrcorresponding internal resistance of cell R;

(1-5) as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system calculates cooling air quantity actual value

and control blower fan according to cooling air quantity actual value

air-out:

(1-5-1) in battery management system, set t ₀, t ₁, t ₂... for the moment of uniformly-spaced arranging, t _ifor t ₀, t ₁, t ₂... in any moment, Δ t _i=t _i+1-t _i;

(1-5-2) as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system is according to formula calculate t ₀～t ₁battery-heating amount in time period

(1-5-3) blower fan is at t ₁moment starts;

(1-5-4) battery management system is set in t _i～t _i+1in time, battery management system is according to formula calculate t _i～t _i+1battery-heating amount in time period

Calculate theoretical cooling air quantity according to following formula:

$q_{\mathrm{cdlc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_i\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_i\right)}),}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-1}}+Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-2}}-{\∫}_{t_{i-1}}^{t_i}\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}{q}_f^{\left(t\right)}\right)[T{\left(t\right)}_{f,\mathrm{out}}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}\left(t\right)]\mathrm{dt}$

Wherein, in the time of i=1, theoretical cooling air quantity is:

$q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_1\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_1\right)})}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_0};$

Wherein, c _{p, f}for the mean specific heat of air, ρ _ffor the averag density of air, c _{p, f}and ρ _ffor the air thermal physical property parameter of standard; for t _ithe power brick air intake vent place air themperature in moment; for the actual output of current time cooling air quantity;

for t _ito t _i+1the comprehensive the quantity of heat convection of battery surface in time; for t _ito t _i+1in time, calculate the caloric value of battery;

(1-5-5) battery management system is according to formula

calculate Δ t _icooling air quantity actual value in time

battery management system control blower fan is at t _ito t _i+1air output in time is

Wherein, k _cfor according to battery surface maximum temperature at Δ t _ithe air quantity correction factor that variable quantity in time obtains, its value is:

for t _ithe battery surface maximum temperature in moment,

for t _i+1the battery surface maximum temperature in moment; t ₁the k in moment _cvalue is 1; Δ T ₁for the air quantity of setting is adjusted temperature threshold;

(1-6) as battery surface maximum temperature T _max≤ T _set-Δ T ₂time, battery management system control blower fan is out of service, (T _set-Δ T ₂) for controlling blower fan temperature threshold values out of service;

Otherwise proceed to step (1-5-4).

First hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method of the present invention obtains the relevant parameter of the battery that battery management system transducer collects, and calculates the caloric value in the battery unit interval by relevant parameter; According to the caloric value of battery, battery surface temperature, the temperature of power brick inlet and outlet cooling-air, taking heat transfer theory as basis, calculates the theoretical heat exchange amount of battery surface unit interval; Into and out of air port cooling air temperature and theoretical heat exchange amount, obtain the cooling air quantity in the unit interval by power brick; By changing blower fan output signal, make blower fan output calculate cooling air quantity; According to battery surface temperature changing trend, fan delivery is revised in real time, guarantee that battery temperature changes steadily.

The present invention changes the cooling Air Quantity Required of heat Calculation electrokinetic cell according to battery-heating amount and battery, has overcome the problem of cooling hysteresis, has control effect in advance.Consider the air quantity of calculative determination and the battery surface temperature of feedback, regulate neatly cooling air quantity by stepless time adjustment blower fan, avoid the problem of the temperature frequent fluctuation that undercooling and cooling deficiency cause, and battery temperature is maintained within the scope of Optimal Temperature all the time, there is energy-conservation, noise reduction and the high feature of cooling effectiveness.

As preferably, described m is 3～5.

As preferably, described T _setit is 32～36 DEG C.

As preferably, described Δ t _ifor 2min～3min.

As preferably, b is 1.05～1.2, b ₁be 0.8～0.99.

As preferably, Δ T ₁it is 0.5～1 DEG C.

As preferably, Δ T ₂it is 2～4 DEG C.

Therefore, the present invention has following beneficial effect:

1, determine the cooling air quantity of cooling blower by the caloric value in calculating battery operation process and battery heat exchange amount, avoided the cooling hysteresis of cooling system, cooling deficiency and supercooled problem, improved the cooling effectiveness of cooling system.

2, obtain accurate cooling air quantity by stepless speed regulation type blower fan, and in conjunction with battery surface temperature changing trend, air quantity is carried out to feedback modifiers, avoid the frequent fluctuation of battery temperature, even the problem of the excessive battery actual motion temperature departure Optimal Temperature scope causing of fluctuating range.

3, by calculating air quantity and feedback temperature co-controlling cooling air quantity, ensure that battery maintains in optimum operating temperature range all the time, reduced the running noises of the consumption of blower fan energy and blower fan.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of embodiments of the invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.

Embodiment is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method, comprises the steps:

Step 100, use electrokinetic cell internal resistance test device to measure the data that electrokinetic cell internal resistance R changes with the state-of-charge parameter S OC (State of charge) of battery temperature and battery, and internal resistance of cell R, battery temperature and corresponding SOC data are stored in battery management system;

Step 200, battery management system is by operating current I, the load voltage U of battery of electric current, voltage and temperature sensor measurement battery, the temperature T of power brick air inlet cooling-air _{f, in}temperature T with power brick air outlet cooling-air _{f, out}, the battery surface temperature T at m test point place in power brick ₁, T ₂.。。, T _m; M=5 in the present embodiment;

Step 300, battery management system is according to formula T _avr=(T ₁+ R ₂+.。。+ T _m)/m calculates m mean value T that measures temperature _avr, the maximum of T of accounting temperature _max; And obtain the state-of-charge parameter S OC of battery; Battery management system, according to electric current I and voltage U, adopts the method for ampere-hour integration of the prior art and dynamically correction to calculate the SOC of battery;

Step 400, battery management system is according to the mean temperature T of the SOC of battery and battery _avr, in the data of battery management system storage, find and current battery SOC and mean temperature T _avrcorresponding internal resistance of cell R;

Step 500, as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system calculates cooling air quantity actual value

and control blower fan according to cooling air quantity actual value

air-out:

Step 501 is set t in battery management system ₀, t ₁, t ₂... for the moment of uniformly-spaced arranging, t _ifor t ₀, t ₁, t ₂... in any moment, Δ t _i=t _i+1-t _i; Δ t in the present embodiment _ifor 2min;

Step 502, as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system is according to formula

calculate t ₀～t ₁battery-heating amount in time period

Step 503, blower fan is at t ₁moment starts;

Step 504, battery management system is set in t _i～t _i+1in time, battery management system is according to formula calculate t _i～t _i+1battery-heating amount in time period

Calculate theoretical cooling air quantity according to following formula:

$q_{\mathrm{cdlc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_i\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_i\right)}),}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-1}}+Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-2}}-{\∫}_{t_{i-1}}^{t_i}\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}{q}_f^{\left(t\right)}\right)[T{\left(t\right)}_{f,\mathrm{out}}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}\left(t\right)]\mathrm{dt}$

Wherein, in the time of i=1, theoretical cooling air quantity is:

$q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_1\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_1\right)})}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_0};$

Wherein, c _{p, f}for the mean specific heat of air, ρ _ffor the averag density of air, c _{p, f}and ρ _ffor the air thermal physical property parameter of standard;

for t _ithe power brick air intake vent place air themperature in moment;

for the actual output of current time cooling air quantity;

for t _ito t _i+1the comprehensive the quantity of heat convection of battery surface in time;

for t _ito t _i+1in time, calculate the caloric value of battery;

Step 505, battery management system is according to formula

calculate Δ t _icooling air quantity actual value in time

battery management system control blower fan is at t _ito t _i+1air output in time is

Wherein, k _cfor according to battery surface maximum temperature at Δ t _ithe air quantity correction factor that variable quantity in time obtains, its value is:

for t _ithe battery surface maximum temperature in moment,

for t _i+1the battery surface maximum temperature in moment; t ₁the k in moment _cvalue is 1; Δ T ₁for the air quantity of setting is adjusted temperature threshold;

Step 600, as battery surface maximum temperature T _max≤ T _set-Δ T ₂time, battery management system control blower fan is out of service, (T _set-Δ T ₂) for controlling blower fan temperature threshold values out of service;

Otherwise proceed to step 504.

In the present embodiment, b is 1.2, b ₁be 0.9; Δ T ₁be 4 DEG C, Δ T ₂be 3 DEG C, T _set=36 DEG C.

Should be understood that the present embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.

Claims (7)

1. a hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

(1-1) use electrokinetic cell internal resistance test device to measure the data that electrokinetic cell internal resistance R changes with the state-of-charge parameter S OC of battery temperature and battery, and internal resistance of cell R, battery temperature and corresponding SOC data are stored in battery management system;

(1-2) battery management system is by operating current I, the load voltage U of battery of electric current, voltage and temperature sensor measurement battery, the temperature T of power brick air inlet cooling-air _{f, in}temperature T with power brick air outlet cooling-air _{f, out}, the battery surface temperature T at m test point place in power brick ₁, T ₂.。。，T _m；

(1-3) battery management system is according to formula T _avr=(T ₁+ T ₂.。。+ T _m)/m calculates m mean value T that measures temperature _avr, the maximum of T of accounting temperature _max; And obtain the state-of-charge parameter S OC of battery;

(1-4) battery management system is according to the mean temperature T of the SOC of battery and battery _avr, in the data of battery management system storage, find and current battery SOC and mean temperature T _avrcorresponding internal resistance of cell R;

(1-5) as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system calculates cooling air quantity actual value

and control blower fan according to cooling air quantity actual value

air-out:

(1-5-1) in battery management system, set t ₀, t ₁, t ₂... for the moment of uniformly-spaced arranging, t _ifor t ₀, t ₁, t ₂... in any moment, Δ t _i=t _i+1-t _i;

(1-5-2) as battery maximum temperature T _maxbe greater than the temperature T being set in advance in battery management system _settime, battery management system is according to formula

calculate t ₀～t ₁battery-heating amount in time period

(1-5-3) blower fan is at t ₁moment starts;

(1-5-4) battery management system is set in t _i～t _i+1in time, battery management system is according to formula

calculate t _i～t _i+1battery-heating amount in time period

Calculate theoretical cooling air quantity according to following formula:

$q_{\mathrm{cdlc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_i\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_i\right)}),}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_i}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-1}}+Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_{i-2}}-{\∫}_{t_{i-1}}^{t_i}\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}{q}_f^{\left(t\right)}\right)[T{\left(t\right)}_{f,\mathrm{out}}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}\left(t\right)]\mathrm{dt}$

Wherein, in the time of i=1, theoretical cooling air quantity is:

$q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=\frac{Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}}{\left({\mathrm{\ρ}}_f{c}_{p,f}\right)(T_{f,\mathrm{out}}^{\left(t_1\right)}-T_{f,\mathrm{in}}^{\left(t_1\right)})}$

$Q_{\mathrm{calc}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_1}=Q_{\mathrm{heat}}^{{\mathrm{\Δt}}_0};$

Wherein, c _{p, f}for the mean specific heat of air, ρ _ffor the averag density of air, c _{p, f}and ρ _ffor the air thermal physical property parameter of standard;

for t _ithe power brick air intake vent place air themperature in moment;

for the actual output of current time cooling air quantity;

for t _ito t _i+1the comprehensive the quantity of heat convection of battery surface in time;

for t _ito t _i+1in time, calculate the caloric value of battery;

(1-5-5) battery management system is according to formula

calculate Δ t _icooling air quantity actual value in time

battery management system control blower fan is at t _ito t _i+1air output in time is

Wherein, k _cfor according to battery surface maximum temperature at Δ t _ithe air quantity correction factor that variable quantity in time obtains, its value is:

for t _ithe battery surface maximum temperature in moment,

for t _i+1the battery surface maximum temperature in moment; t ₁the k in moment _cvalue is 1; Δ T ₁for the air quantity of setting is adjusted temperature threshold;

(1-6) as battery surface maximum temperature T _max≤ T _set-Δ T ₂time, battery management system control blower fan is out of service, (T _set-Δ T ₂) for controlling blower fan temperature threshold values out of service;

Otherwise proceed to step (1-5-4).

2. hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described m is 3～5.

3. hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described T _setit is 32～36 DEG C.

4. hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Δ t _ifor 2min～3min.

5. according to the hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, b is 1.05～1.2, b ₁be 0.8～0.99.

6. according to the hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that Δ T ₁it is 0.5～1 DEG C.

7. according to the hybrid vehicle vehicle mounted dynamic battery cooling control method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that Δ T ₂it is 2～4 DEG C.