CN103900635B - The filoplume of fabric and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the apparatus and method that the apparent filoplume of a kind of fabric and ball top form and pull-out force are measured, the rotating mechanism that this device by the cloth specimen cylinder of coiled fabric, drives cloth specimen cylinder, the friction mechanism to cloth specimen pilling, pull-off mechanism, observation cloth specimen filoplume and the optical measuring system of ball top form of clamping and pull-off filoplume and ball top, collection drop fiber and ball top and collection Weighing mechanism, acquisition and control system and the computer weighed are constituted.Its method is with its filoplume height and quantity and ball top size and the quantity measured instant after isostension package cloth specimen, then the pilling sample preparation synchronize to measure process and the filoplume of final friction sample and ball top amount and pull-out force and filoplume ball top wear extent of rubbing.Apparatus and method are exquisite, practical, accurate, quantitative, for a tractor serves several purposes, the in site measurement of a survey multi objective, can be used for fabric pilling sample preparation and the measurement of fabric pilling amount, pull-out force and wear extent and systematic analysis technique.

Description

The filoplume of fabric and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus and method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of filoplume apparent to fabric and ball top form and the device of pull-out force measurement, and predict with it The evaluation methodology of the pilling resistance of textile, is a tractor serves several purposes, the measuring method of a survey multi objective, belongs to textile quality Evaluate and technical field of measurement and test.

Background technology

Pilling is a big visible defect of fabric, gradually exposes in dress uses.Conventional gigging Pilling property measurement apparatus and instrument have: domestic YG511 type plays globe, Britain ICI balling-up tester, ultimate principle structure phase With.Fabric to be tried is wrapped in rubber rollers by it, puts free to tumble in the hexahedron cylinder that inwall is cork sheet into.Timing is taken out Rear contrast photo standard specimen, rating.The shortcoming of this kind of method is:

1, during sapce charge, it is necessary to be equipped with the knitting machine of various pin number, and need to manually knit sheet.

2, using artificial visual evaluation after sample friction, error is big.

3, current organosilicon is largely used to knitted fabric post-finishing, with the cork sheet friction knitted in sheet and cylinder of organosilicon After stain cork sheet, quickly make cork sheet become smooth, frictional force is gradually lowered until disappearing, and has a strong impact on test correctness And the repeatability of test.

Another kind of conventional measurement apparatus is that Martindale (Martindale) domestic YG401C type cloth abrasion instrument is carried out Test, its shortcoming is:

1, during sapce charge, it is necessary to be equipped with the knitting machine of various pin number, and need to manually knit sheet.

2, instrument fraction time is long, and the Area of Sample carrying out testing is little, representative poor.

3, the error carrying out range estimation grading or weighing comparation and assessment after friction is big.

4, different fineness, the raw material of different blending ratio, different by different knitting machine density, it is difficult to work out feasible mark Accurate.

5, abrasive material used can only use the felt of Britain's import, price, and the friction being difficult in adapt to different material is wanted Ask.

These are all the conventional pilling measuring method of industrial quarters and detection department and device, but after being both for friction Fabric carry out the pilling evaluation without source textile reference.It addition, pass through the friction media that can change, placement rubber rollers, Felt, etc. carry out simulated production process or take process.

Owing to simply fabric to be carried out static test and appraisal, and it is the evaluation for balling-up result, lacks objectivity with directly perceived Property.On the other hand, instrument fraction time is long, tests little with knitting sheet area, and the representativeness of sample is poor, the most qualitative after friction Ocular estimate or quantitative cutting filoplume ball top weight method error is the biggest.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is intended to seek a kind of collect the filoplume amount of fabric, ball top quantity, form size And the online in-situ measuring method that distribution, ball top pull-off peel force, pilling wearer weight are integrated, and applicable In the actually detected exquisiteness of industrialization, practicality, precisely, quantitatively measuring device, to overcome the defect in this type of assessment technique and master The evaluation of sightization.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the principle of the present invention is directly to obtain initial sample by isostension package cloth specimen, Under electrostatic attraction electrode and suction wind action, first measure initial filoplume amount and ball top quantity, the form size of package cloth specimen and divide Cloth, obtains sample for reference；With brake pad horizontal one direction alternating translational, on fabric drum, cloth specimen is motionless or with cloth specimen on fabric drum Asymmetric or symmetric carrys out back rotation and brake pad is motionless or comes back rotation and friction with the asymmetric or symmetric of cloth specimen on fabric drum The alternating translational movement combination of block, it is achieved the sample preparation to fabric pilling, obtains process friction sample；Synchronize, collect with wearer Device weares and teares during being collected in mill cloth the filoplume and ball top dropped weigh, tangentially observe with microscope camera system and count and forward to Filoplume on cloth specimen and ball top amount and ball top form and measure ball top pull-out force with ball top pull-off mechanism in the visual field, be derived from Friction sample after friction is along the apparent tangential filoplume of cylinder and ball top quantity, form and size, ball top pull-out force and wears away The filoplume fallen and the measurement result of ball top amount；All measurement data gathered and image are inputted computer, and calculates and comment The initial sample of valency and the friction filoplume of sample and ball top quantity, abrasion value, the shape of ball top and sizes values, and during dynamic Changing value (process friction sample) and end value (finally rub sample), thus the pilling behavior of overall merit cloth specimen and resisting Hair pilling tendency.The principle of this measurement is original position, composite measurement, the many surveys of machine, a survey multi objective, and strong interference immunity, representativeness are good, The measurement apparatus set up with this measuring principle and calculating control system, delicate structure, practicality, it is accurate, convenient to measure, and front and back surveys Amount is independent, without impact, can realize the overall merit to fabric pilling amount, form, wear extent and pilling resistance thereof with Prediction.

One concrete technical scheme of the present invention there is provided the filoplume of a kind of fabric and ball top form and pull-out force is measured Device, it is characterised in that: include

Cloth specimen cylinder for package with clamping cloth specimen；

Rotating mechanism, is used for driving cloth specimen cylinder to carry out back rotation so that cloth specimen is rubbed, simultaneously drives the cloth specimen cylinder inverse time Pin rotates, thus cloth specimen is rotated counterclockwise measurement；

Friction mechanism, is positioned on rear side of cloth specimen cylinder, for the cloth specimen of the institute's package on cloth specimen cylinder of rubbing thus carry out pilling Sample preparation；

Pull-off mechanism, is positioned at above cloth specimen cylinder, is used for clamping and measure filoplume and ball top pull-out force on cloth specimen；

Optical measuring system, is positioned at tangential horizontal plane above cloth specimen cylinder, be used for observing on cloth specimen filoplume and ball top form with Quantity；

Collect Weighing mechanism, be positioned at below cloth specimen cylinder, be used for collecting in friction drop on cloth specimen fiber and ball top weigh；

Gather and analyze surveyed data and control the acquisition and control system that each mechanism runs；

The computer controlling to run with measure and complete result calculating being connected with acquisition and control system.

Preferably, described cloth specimen cylinder includes:

Fabric drum, has band in groove and groove on the cylinder of fabric drum and is parallel to the Saw blade of fabric drum axis Stricture of vagina；

Article two, rectangle depression bar, pushes down cloth specimen two ends respectively, have in the inner side of every rectangle depression bar with in fabric drum groove The sawtooth striped of sawtooth striped same shape；

Two pairs of fixture blocks, compress upper and lower two rectangle depression bars respectively by the hole clipping inserting fabric drum two ends；

Clamp cloth specimen tail end and realize the weight clip of isostension uniform package cloth specimen；

The counterweight block of regulation weight clip weight；

The scalpel of unnecessary cloth specimen is exposed for cutting off bare terminal end；

Two described rectangle depression bars are two strips, the on all four depression bar of size, respectively upperpush rod and down-pressed pole, Its two ends have the clamping slope shoulder for being coordinated with fixture block, and seal face has pressure surface hackle mark；Described fixture block is concave shape, One end be fixture block inclined-plane hook, the other end be fixture block bayonet lock, and the size and shape of 4 fixture blocks is completely the same；Described counterweight block Or 1～5 piece is hung on or inhales on weight clip, or without counterweight block.

Preferably, described rotating mechanism includes being connected control with acquisition and control system and driving described cloth specimen cylinder Rotate rotaty step motor, support described cloth specimen cylinder the sample tube stent being flexibly connected and with described fabric drum and rotate stepping The sample cylinder axle that motor coaxle is affixed；

Described fabric drum rotates and is divided into measurement to rotate and sample preparation rotation, wherein:

Measurement rotation refers to: when observing with described optical measuring system and/or pull-off mechanism, and fabric drum is rotating stepping Motor drives lower work to observe rotating counterclockwise of corner α 1, and α 1 is to be 360 ° of angles divided exactly in 10 °～360 °；

Sample preparation rotate be divided into asymmetric come back rotation and symmetry carry out back rotation, wherein:

Asymmetric come back rotation refer to: fabric drum, under rotaty step motor drives, makees advancing angle θ a more than receding angle θ b, And θ a is 5 °～180 °, the most progressive asymmetric come back rotation, be rotated up to, when fabric drum is progressive, the asymmetrical friction that sets During total week number N1, complete package cloth specimen along the asymmetric pilling rubbed back and forth of fabric drum rotation direction, described N1 More than or equal to number of turns n1 of setting measurement, and n1 is more than or equal to 1；

Symmetry is carried out back rotation and is referred to: fabric drum, under rotaty step motor drives, makees the pivoting friction back and forth of symmetric angle θ, Symmetric angle θ is that the θ of 1～8 integer circumference in equal parts determines angle rotation, when reaching the Rubbing number n2 of setting, turns counterclockwise with the θ angle taken Dynamic fabric drum enters subsequent region, the friction of repetition Rubbing number n2 reaches one week, repeats described symmetry pivoting friction back and forth Sample preparation, until set symmetry rubs during week number N2, completes to rub package cloth specimen back and forth along the symmetry of fabric drum rotation direction The pilling wiped, described N2 is more than or equal to 1, and described n2 is more than or equal to 10；

Described asymmetric come back rotation and symmetrical come back rotation can be with the horizontal reciprocating of the brake pad of described friction mechanism Move and match, complete the pilling friction sample preparation of the Li Sharu curve of package cloth specimen on fabric drum.

The brake pad worm gear frame affixed with brake pad that preferably, described friction mechanism includes being in close contact with cloth specimen, It is inlaid in the worm gear in worm gear frame, promotes the worm screw of worm gear translation, the adapter of connecting worm and rubbing of being connected with adapter Wipe motor；

Friction motor is connected with described acquisition and control system, controls to make symmetry with driving friction motor Formula carry out back rotation, and drive worm screw to carry out back rotation, the brake pad horizontal reciprocating promoting worm gear to be i.e. fixed on worm gear frame moves；

The independently moving of described brake pad, can make the alternating translational friction sample preparation of horizontal direction, when reaching to set to cloth specimen Plain grinding frequency n 3 time, complete the plain grinding in brake pad overlay area of the package cloth specimen on fabric drum, can be with 1～6 deciles Determine angle α 2 and rotate counterclockwise fabric drum entrance subsequent region, repeat the friction of plain grinding frequency n 3, until set plain grinding week number During N3, completing the pilling rubbed cloth specimen along the horizontal reciprocating that fabric drum is axial, described N3 is more than or equal to 1, described N3 is more than or equal to 10；

The sample preparation rotation that the horizontal reciprocating of described brake pad moves with described fabric drum matches, and can complete Lee to cloth specimen Sha eats the pilling friction sample preparation of curve.

Preferably, described ball top pull-off mechanism includes for measuring filoplume or the force transducer of ball top pull-out force, and power passes Sensor is located on the displacement mechanism of can move up and down pull-off and reset clamping action, and connecting rod is connected with force transducer, tool Have the one end from the clamper that tightens up effect to be connected with connecting rod, the other end is to the chuck held, described force transducer and described Displacement mechanism be connected with described acquisition and control system.

Preferably, described optical measuring system includes can tangentially observing filoplume and ball top form from the side of fabric drum The projection light source that the CCD microimaging device of size and quantity and crevice projection angle β arbitrarily can regulate at the second quadrant；CCD is micro- Image pick-up device and projection light source are controlled by described acquisition and control system.

Preferably, described collection Weighing mechanism includes can collecting in a large number under described brake pad drop ball top and hair The bucket shape gettering mouth of plumage, filoplume on cloth specimen is helped to hold up the electrostatic napping of separation between bucket shape gettering mouth and slit suction inlet Device, can the slit suction inlet of strength the most quickly suction bonding filoplume and ball top, the vacuum cleaner that is connected with bucket shape gettering mouth and slit suction inlet； Collected ball top and filoplume are direct by the described acquisition and control system collection being attached thereto after being weighed by electronic balance； The negative high voltage occurring source of described electrostatic napping device is connected with described acquisition and control system with vacuum cleaner.

Preferably, described acquisition and control system includes rotaty step motor control unit, friction motor control Unit processed, pull-out force and displacement measurement module, filoplume ball top form acquisition module, projecting illumination brightness control unit, wearer Weighing acquisition module and electrostatic pressure and air draught collect control unit, and are connected with computer with data wire.

Another technical scheme of the present invention there is provided a kind of filoplume applying above-mentioned fabric and ball top form and pulls out The measuring method of de-force measuring device, it is characterised in that step is:

The first step, isostension package cloth specimen: rotate fabric drum and make its groove just to above, by the alignment batching of cloth specimen The centrage of cylinder groove, naturally droop, make the sawtooth striped of a rectangle depression bar facing cloth specimen, push down cloth specimen, then with two cards Block divides the lower hole clipping at insertion fabric drum two ends, left and right and pushes down lower rectangle depression bar, and then compresses cloth specimen head end；Then weight clip is used The tail end of the cloth specimen be parallel to cloth specimen bare terminal end, clamping, after adding according to the weight per square meter of cloth specimen or be not added with counterweight block, rotates batching Cylinder makes cloth specimen be pulled upwardly and is uniformly wrapped in a week, stopping on fabric drum isostension；Take another rectangle depression bar, with its sawtooth Stripe surface towards and push down cloth specimen tail end, then divide, with two fixture blocks, upper hole clipping that left and right inserts fabric drum two ends and push down upper rectangle Depression bar, and then compress cloth specimen tail end；After compression cloth specimen, the height of rectangle depression bar is without departing from the face of cylinder of fabric drum, and uses scalpel Cut and expose unnecessary fabric, make the initial sample for pilling experiment；

Second step, initial sample are measured: first adjust projection angle beta and the irradiation brightness of projection light source, open vacuum cleaner and electrostatic The negative high voltage occurring source of napping device, and under measuring rotation mode, start rotaty step motor driving fabric drum to observe corner α 1 Rotate one by one and position, using CCD microimaging device to make tangential observation in the incisal plane of side, fabric drum top, it is thus achieved that filoplume Morphological image with ball top；Until the fabric drum i.e. cloth specimen of package turns full one week, close projection light source, vacuum cleaner and electrostatic napping The negative high voltage occurring source of device, weighs the weight of initial floating fiber on record cloth specimen with electronic balance；Acquired results all inputs meter Calculation machine, calculates height and quantity, ball top shape size and quantity and the floating fiber amount of the filoplume of described cloth specimen, and as ginseng In the same old way originally；

3rd step, pilling friction sample preparation: the most in a computer will friction motor and rotaty step motor setting For a kind of friction pattern in pivoting friction back and forth, the friction of Li Sharu curve and the alternating translational friction of sample preparation pattern；To rub again The brake pad reach wiping mechanism is in close contact with the cloth specimen on fabric drum or contacts with certain pressure；Then, projected light is opened Source, vacuum cleaner and the negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device, simultaneously:

Startup rotaty step motor carries out the most motionless brake pad of the cloth specimen on fabric drum and makees the asymmetric of vertical direction Or symmetry pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth, must set advancing angle θ a and receding angle θ b asymmetric come back rotation progressive friction week number n1 Process friction sample, asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth sample preparation described in repetition is until the asymmetrical friction always week number N1 that sets, i.e. The number of times of asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth is repeated in each turned position, obtains the sample that finally rubs；Maybe must set symmetric angle next as the symmetry of θ The friction of the repetition Rubbing number n2 that back rotation Rubbing number n2 and rotation θ angle enter subsequent region reaches the process friction of a week Sample, the pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth of the symmetry described in repetition is the sample that finally rubs of week number N2 until set symmetry rubs；

Or synchronous averaging friction motor and rotaty step motor carry out the asymmetric or symmetric of the cloth specimen on fabric drum Carry out the friction sample preparation of back rotation and the Li Sharu curve friction track of the alternating translational movement combination of brake pad, non-right with set Pivoting friction week number n1 or symmetry pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth is claimed back and forth to rub, the process friction of get Li Sharu curve friction Sample, with set asymmetrical friction always week number N1 or symmetrical friction week number N2 repeat rub get Li Sharu curve friction track Friction sample eventually；

Or only start friction motor and carry out the most motionless cloth specimen of brake pad and make the alternating translational friction of horizontal direction Sample preparation, when reaching the plain grinding frequency n 3 set, completes the plain grinding in brake pad overlay area of the package cloth specimen on fabric drum, It is rotated into subsequent region determining angle α 2 again, repeats rubbing of plain grinding frequency n 3 and to obtain plain grinding process friction sample, non-described in repetition Symmetrical pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth until during set plain grinding week number N3, obtains plain grinding and finally rubs sample；

4th step, process friction sample is measured: refer in the pilling friction process of the 3rd step, to completing progressive friction Week number n1, Rubbing number n2 and plain grinding frequency n 3 in a kind of friction arbitrary complete process a little and rub the measurement of sample, i.e. with The CCD microimaging device of optical measuring system forwards the described process friction filoplume of sample in the visual field and ball top to tangential observation Morphological image, weighs the weight recording wear and tear on this friction sample filoplume dropped and ball top with described electronic balance；Gained is tied Fruit inputs computer by acquisition and control system, calculates height and quantity, the ball top form of the filoplume of described cloth specimen Size and quantity and wear away fuds fuddled plumage and ball top amount, and as process friction sample；

5th step, final friction sample are measured: when reaching the friction total degree that sets, i.e. reach asymmetrical friction always week number N1, When symmetrical friction week number N2 and in plain grinding week number N3 one, close friction motor and/or rotaty step motor, order friction Block reset, i.e. separates with the cloth specimen on fabric drum, obtains finally mill yarn sample, makes computer start under measuring rotation mode and rotates step Entering motor drives fabric drum rotate one by one with observation corner α 1 and position, and uses CCD microimaging device in side, fabric drum top Incisal plane in make tangential observation, it is thus achieved that final friction sample filoplume and the morphological image of ball top；Synchronize with ball top pull-off mechanism The filoplume in this district of gripper and ball top, filoplume that start bit moving mechanism pull-off is held or ball top, recorded by force transducer Filoplume or the shift value that records with displacement mechanism of the pull-out force of ball top, it is thus achieved that filoplume in position and the pull-off Massa Medicata Fermentata of ball top Line, until the dynamic fabric drum i.e. cloth specimen of package turns full one week；The negative high voltage closing projection light source, vacuum cleaner and electrostatic napping device is sent out Source of students, weighs, with electronic balance, the filoplume and ball top weight that on record cloth specimen, Final wear point drops；Acquired results passes through data acquisition Collection and control system are conveyed into computer, calculate height and the quantity of the filoplume of described cloth specimen, ball top shape size and quantity, The pull-off force value of filoplume or ball top with skid off length and wear away fuds fuddled plumage and ball top amount, and as finally rubbing sample；

6th step, the overall merit of result: according to measurement and the result of calculation of the first step to the 5th step, can obtain being surveyed Yarn sample pilling process and the overall merit of final performance thereof, according to measurement and the result of calculation of the first step to the 4th step, can Surveyed yarn sample pilling process is made quantitative assessment, according under same experimental conditions and the impact of deduction second step raw yarn sample Under the comparison of the 5th pacing amount and result of calculation, the pilling complexity of different yarn samples can be made comprehensive contrast and comment Valency.

Another technical scheme of the present invention there is provided the filoplume of a kind of fabric and ball top form and pull-out force measures dress The application put, it is characterised in that: for fabric pilling sample preparation, the most online fluffing and balling-up quantity, form, wear extent With the measurement of ball top pull-out force, and the overall merit of fabric anti-fluffing anti-pilling.

Inventor has the most also applied for following patent: the objective evaluation device of a kind of yarn pilling situation (number of patent application: 201110142608.4, publication number: CN102305763A), a kind of dress for yarn mill yarn pilling Put and method (number of patent application: 201110142609.9, publication number: CN102305764A) and the double yarn measured of online turnover Pilling evaluation methodology and device (number of patent application: 201110142607, publication number: CN102323120A) are this patent Shens Ask someone the patent of invention applied in the recent period.The measurement of the pilling of single thread before and after its sample preparation mainly solving yarn sheet and abrasion, this Directly the in situ quantitation of the apparent filoplume before and after fabric pilling friction sample preparation and ball top quantity, form is measured with the present invention Different from objective evaluation.

The present invention not only in the direct sample preparation of fabric and the principle of measurement, method, device and overall merit with said method There is typical difference, and also have essential distinction in instant, online, the original position measured and substantivity.

Compared with prior art, the present invention includes following advantage:

1, it is for fabric face filoplume and the original position of ball top amount, form and size thereof, quantitative, the comprehensive side of measurement immediately Method is the collection pre-test and appraisal of cloth specimen, sample preparation, online process measurement, final pilling measures and data Comprehensive Correlation is evaluated as one The measurement apparatus of body and method, be not only unique measurement apparatus and method, and be truly realized the fast of fabric pilling Measurement fast, accurate, objective, practical.

2, owing to having initial sample, process friction sample and the corresponding measurement result of the final sample that rubs, its three unification or two-by-two In conjunction with measurement and result, the science being not only adapted to theoretical research characterizes and experimental analysis, and is suitable to Product Quality Evaluation Standard test and industrialization detection, be truly realized fast and complete comprehensively meeting.

3, device is rational in infrastructure, exquisite, complete, solves dress sample and the clamping of fabric sample, friction translation and rotation It is implemented in combination with the original position of sample preparation and observation；CCD image pick-up device achieves playing gross weight and playing staple length, balling-up quantity, size, shape State and the overall observation of the ball top feature that comes off；Hold up and wearer collection owing to electrostatic napping and micro-cleaner achieve filoplume Accurate, without losing, meet the measurement of actual practicality；For a tractor serves several purposes, the measurement apparatus of a survey multi objective.

4, process engineering, reasonable, noiseless is measured, first former state, after journey sample, wear and tear sample afterwards；The first lossless observation of optics, after Friction is accurately measured, and is all in site measurement true, undamaged to each measurement links, therefore measures accurate, reliable results.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is fabric face ball top form and the pull-out force measurement apparatus side sectional view of the present invention；

Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 D is the process schematic of the isostension package cloth specimen of the present invention, and wherein, Fig. 2 A is that one end presss from both sides sample；Figure 2B is that clamping adds tension force；Fig. 2 C is the rotating clip other end；Fig. 2 D cuts off for clamping；

Fig. 3 is the rectangle depression bar sectional view with fixture block clamping cloth specimen of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is cloth specimen cylinder and friction plate and the drive mechanism schematic diagram thereof of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the acquisition and control system of the present invention and the connection of computer and data signal flow process figure；

Fig. 6 is the eigenvalue graph of relation with Rubbing number of the pilling process quantitative assessment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is the pilling comprehensively a complete set of eigenvalue the evaluated graph of relation with Rubbing number of the present invention.In figure:

1-cloth specimen cylinder, it includes 11-fabric drum；12-rectangle depression bar two, generally applicable, respectively upperpush rod 12u, press down Bar 12d, wherein: 12a is the pressure surface hackle mark of rectangle depression bar, 12b is the clamping slope shoulder of rectangle depression bar both sides；13-hole clipping, left Each 2 of right two ends, be respectively upper hole clipping 13u to lower hole clipping 13d pair；14-fixture block, totally 4, can be universally used in upperpush rod 12u, under The compression of depression bar 12d, corresponds respectively to fixture block 14u and lower fixture block 14d, wherein: 14a is the inclined-plane hook of fixture block, and 14b is fixture block Bayonet lock；15-regulates weight clip；16-counterweight block；17-scalpel；18-cloth specimen.

2-rotating mechanism, it includes 21-sample tube stent；22-sample cylinder axle；23-rotaty step motor.

3-friction mechanism, it includes 31-brake pad；32-worm gear frame；33-worm gear；34-worm screw；35-adapter；36-rubs Wipe motor.

4-ball top pull-off mechanism, it includes 41-force transducer；42-connecting rod；43-chuck；44-displacement mechanism.

5-optical measuring system, it includes 51-CCD microimaging device；52-projection light source.

6-collects Weighing mechanism, and it includes 61-bucket shape gettering mouth；62-electrostatic napping device；63-slit gettering mouth；65-electricity Sub-balance.

7-acquisition and control system, it includes 71-rotaty step motor control unit；72-rubs motor control Unit processed；73-pull-out force and displacement measurement module；74-filoplume ball top form acquisition module；75-projecting illumination brilliance control list Unit；76-wearer weighing acquisition module；Control unit is collected in 77-electrostatic pressure and air draught.

8-computer.

Detailed description of the invention

For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.Should be understood that These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that reading the present invention After the content lectured, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, and these equivalent form of values fall equally In the application appended claims limited range.

Shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 5, following each embodiment all uses the present invention's to be suitable to fabric pilling amount and abrasion thereof The measurement apparatus of amount and method.

The filoplume of a kind of fabric that the present invention provides and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that be by rolling up Dress carrys out back rotation with cloth specimen cylinder 1, the driving cloth specimen cylinder 1 of the tested fabric of clamping and rubs sample preparation and the rotation rotating counterclockwise measurement Mechanism 2, be positioned on rear side of cloth specimen cylinder 1 for the friction mechanism 3 of institute's package cloth specimen pilling sample preparation, be positioned at above cloth specimen cylinder 1 For clamp and measure filoplume and ball top pull-out force on cloth specimen pull-off mechanism 4, be positioned at above cloth specimen cylinder 1 tangential horizontal plane for Observe filoplume and ball top form and the optical measuring system 5 of quantity on cloth specimen, be positioned at below cloth specimen cylinder 1 for collecting cloth in friction Drop on sample fiber and ball top and weigh collection Weighing mechanism 6, gather and analyze surveyed data and control each mechanism and run Acquisition and control system 7, the control that is connected with acquisition and control system 7 runs and calculates with measuring and completing result Computer 8 constitute.

Described cloth specimen cylinder 1 is by having the batching that band in groove and groove is parallel to the sawtooth striped of axis on cylinder Cylinder 11, push down cloth specimen 18 two ends and inner side respectively and have and the rectangle depression bar 12 of same shape Saw blade stricture of vagina in fabric drum 11 groove Article two, by inserting 4 hole clippings 13 at fabric drum 11 two ends, compressing the fixture block 14 of upper and lower two rectangle depression bars 12 respectively totally two to 4 Individual, clamping cloth specimen 18 tail end and realize isostension uniform package cloth specimen weight clip 15, regulation weight clip 15 weight counterweight block 16, the scalpel 17 exposing unnecessary cloth specimen for cutting off bare terminal end forms；Described two rectangle depression bars 12 be upperpush rod 12u, Down-pressed pole 12d two strip, the on all four depression bar of size, its two ends have the clamping slope shoulder for being coordinated with fixture block 14 12b, seal face has pressure surface hackle mark 12a；Described fixture block 14 is concave shape, and one end is fixture block inclined-plane hook 14a, the other end is Fixture block bayonet lock 14b, and the size and shape of 4 fixture blocks 14 is completely the same；Described counterweight block 16 can 1～5 piece be hung on or inhale in On weight clip 15, also may be used.

Described rotating mechanism 2 is by supporting cloth specimen cylinder 1 the sample tube stent 21 being flexibly connected and fabric drum 11 and rotating The most affixed sample cylinder axle 22 of motor 23, it is connected control with rotaty step motor control unit 71 and drives fabric drum 11 turns Dynamic rotaty step motor 23 forms；

Described fabric drum 11 rotates and is divided into measurement to rotate and sample preparation rotation,

Described measurement rotates when referring to observe by described optical measuring system 5 and/or pull-off mechanism 4, fabric drum 11 Making rotating counterclockwise of observation corner α 1 under rotaty step motor 23 drives, α 1 is to be 360 ° in 10 °～360 ° to divide exactly Angle；

Described sample preparation rotate be divided into asymmetric come back rotation and symmetry carry out back rotation, described asymmetric come back rotation be Refer to that fabric drum 11, under rotaty step motor 23 drives, is made advancing angle θ a and is more than receding angle θ b, and θ a is 5 °～180 °, counterclockwise Progressive asymmetric come back rotation, when fabric drum 11 is progressive be rotated up to the asymmetrical friction always week number N1 set time, complete volume Dress cloth specimen 18 is more than or equal to setting measurement along the asymmetric pilling rubbed back and forth of fabric drum 11 rotation direction, described N1 Number of turns n1, and n1 is more than or equal to 1；Described symmetry come back rotation refer to fabric drum 11 rotaty step motor 23 drive under, Making the pivoting friction back and forth of symmetric angle θ, symmetric angle θ is that the θ of 1～8 integer circumference in equal parts determines angle rotation, reaches the Rubbing number of setting During n2, with the θ angle taken rotate counterclockwise fabric drum 11 enter subsequent region, repeat Rubbing number n2 friction reach one week, then The pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth of symmetry described in repetition, completes package cloth specimen 18 during week number N2 until set symmetry rubs The pilling rubbed back and forth along the symmetry of fabric drum 11 rotation direction, described N2 is more than or equal to 1, and described n2 is more than or equal to 10；Described asymmetric come back rotation and symmetrical come back rotation can move with the horizontal reciprocating of the brake pad 31 of described friction mechanism 3 Move and match, complete the pilling friction sample preparation of the Li Sharu curve of package cloth specimen 18 on fabric drum 11.

Described friction mechanism 3 is by the worm gear frame affixed with brake pad 31 with the brake pad 31 that cloth specimen 11 is in close contact 32, the worm gear 33 that is inlaid in worm gear frame 32, promote the worm screw 34 of worm gear 33 translation, the adapter 35 of connecting worm 34 and with even Connect the friction motor 36 that device 35 is connected to form, described friction motor 36 and friction step motor control unit 72 It is connected, the back rotation of coming controlling with driving friction motor 36 to make symmetrical expression, and drive worm screw 34 to carry out back rotation, promote worm gear Brake pad 31 horizontal reciprocating that 33 are i.e. fixed on worm gear frame 32 moves；

The independently moving of described brake pad 31, can make the alternating translational friction sample preparation of horizontal direction, when reaching to cloth specimen 18 During the plain grinding frequency n 3 set, complete the plain grinding in brake pad 31 overlay area of the package cloth specimen 18 on fabric drum 11, can be with 1 ～6 the angle α 2 that determines of decile rotate counterclockwise fabric drum 11 and enter subsequent region, repeat the friction of plain grinding frequency n 3, until set Plain grinding week number N3 time, complete to cloth specimen 18 along fabric drum 11 axial horizontal reciprocating friction pilling, described N3 is big In equal to 1, described n3 is more than or equal to 10；

The sample preparation rotation that the horizontal reciprocating of described brake pad 31 moves with described fabric drum 11 matches, and can complete cloth specimen The pilling friction sample preparation of the Li Sharu curve of 18.

Described ball top pull-off mechanism 4 includes the force transducer 41 for measuring filoplume or ball top pull-out force, force transducer On 41 displacement mechanisms 44 being located at can move up and down pull-off and reset clamping action, connecting rod 42 and force transducer 41 phase Even, have be connected with connecting rod 42 from the one end of the clamper 43 tightening up effect, the other end is to the chuck held, described power senses Device 41 is connected with pull-out force and the displacement measurement module 73 of described acquisition and control system 7 with described displacement mechanism 44.

Described includes can tangentially observing filoplume and ball top form from the side of fabric drum 11 in optical measuring system 5 The projection light source 52 that the CCD microimaging device 51 and crevice projection angle β of size and quantity arbitrarily can regulate at the second quadrant；Described CCD microimaging device 51 be connected with filoplume ball top form acquisition module 74；Described projection light source 52 is by projection brilliance control Unit 75 controls.

Described Weighing mechanism 6 of collecting includes can collecting in a large number for 31 times drop ball top and filoplume against described brake pad Bucket shape gettering mouth 61, the electrostatic helping filoplume on cloth specimen 18 to hold up separation between bucket shape gettering mouth 61 and slit suction inlet 63 rise Floss device 62, can strength the most quickly suction bonding filoplume and the slit suction inlet 63 of ball top and bucket shape gettering mouth 61 and slit suction inlet 63 phase Vacuum cleaner 64 even, collected ball top and filoplume are directly adopted by the wearer weighing being attached thereto after being weighed by electronic balance 65 Collection module 76 gathers；The negative high voltage occurring source of described electrostatic napping device 62 and vacuum cleaner 64 are collected with electrostatic pressure and air draught and control Unit 77 is connected.

Described acquisition and control system 7 is by rotaty step motor control unit 71, friction step motor control Unit 72, pull-out force and displacement measurement module 73, filoplume ball top form acquisition module 74, projecting illumination brightness control unit 75, Wearer weighing acquisition module 76 and electrostatic pressure and air draught are collected control unit 77 and are formed, and are connected with computer 8 with data wire Connect.

Apply what this device measured to comprise the concrete steps that:

The first step, isostension package cloth specimen:

Rotating fabric drum 11 makes its groove just to above, by the centrage of alignment fabric drum 11 groove of cloth specimen 18, Naturally droop, make the sawtooth striped of a rectangle depression bar 12 facing cloth specimen, push down cloth specimen 18, then insert with two fixture blocks about 14 points Enter lower hole clipping 13d at fabric drum 11 two ends and push down lower rectangle depression bar 12d, and then compressing cloth specimen 18 head end；Then weight clip is used The tail end of the cloth specimen 18 15 be parallel to cloth specimen 18 bare terminal end, clamping, after adding according to the weight per square meter of cloth specimen or be not added with counterweight block 16, Rotate fabric drum 11 make cloth specimen 18 be pulled upwardly and be uniformly wrapped in a week, stopping on fabric drum 11 isostension；Take another square Shape depression bar 12u, facing and push down cloth specimen 18 tail end with its sawtooth striped, then divide left and right to insert fabric drum with two fixture block 14u Upper hole clipping 13u at 11 two ends also pushes down rectangle depression bar 12u, and then compresses cloth specimen 18 tail end.Compress rectangle depression bar after cloth specimen 18 The height of 12 is without departing from the face of cylinder of fabric drum 11, and cuts with scalpel 17 and expose unnecessary fabric, makes for fluffing The initial sample of ball experiment.

Second step, initial sample are measured:

First adjust projection angle beta and the irradiation brightness of projection light source 52, open vacuum cleaner 64 and the negative height of electrostatic napping device 62 Hair Fixer source of students, and startup rotaty step motor 23 drives fabric drum 11 to rotate one by one with observation corner α 1 under measuring rotation mode And position, use CCD microimaging device 51 to make tangential observation in the incisal plane of side, fabric drum 11 top, it is thus achieved that filoplume and hair The morphological image of ball；Until the cloth specimen 18 turns of the i.e. package of fabric drum 11 reaches one week, close projection light source 52, vacuum cleaner 64 and electrostatic The negative high voltage occurring source of napping device 62, weighs the weight of initial floating fiber on record cloth specimen with electronic balance 65；Acquired results All input computers 8, calculate height and quantity, ball top shape size and quantity and the floating fiber of the filoplume of described cloth specimen Amount, and as sample for reference.

The friction sample preparation of 3rd step, pilling:

What friction motor 36 and rotaty step motor 23 were first set in computer 8 sample preparation pattern carrys out back rotation A kind of friction pattern in friction, the friction of Li Sharu curve and alternating translational friction；Again by before the brake pad 31 of friction mechanism 3 Move and be in close contact with the cloth specimen on fabric drum 11 or contact with certain pressure.Then, projection light source 52, vacuum cleaner 64 and are opened The negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device 62.Simultaneously:

The brake pad 31 that startup rotaty step motor 23 carries out the cloth specimen 18 on fabric drum 11 the most motionless makees vertical direction Asymmetric or symmetric pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth, must set advancing angle θ a and receding angle θ b asymmetric come the progressive of back rotation rub Wiping the process friction sample of week number n1, the asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth sample preparation described in repetition is until the asymmetrical friction set is total In week number N1, the most each turned position is repeated the number of times of asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth, is obtained the sample that finally rubs；Maybe must set symmetric angle as The friction of the repetition Rubbing number n2 that the symmetry of θ pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth and rotation θ angle enter subsequent region reaches one week Process friction sample, the pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth of the symmetry described in repetition week number N2 until set symmetry rubs finally rubs Wipe sample；

Or synchronous averaging friction motor 36 and rotaty step motor 23 carry out the asymmetric of cloth specimen on fabric drum 11 Or symmetry carrys out the friction sample preparation of Li Sharu curve friction track of alternating translational movement combination of back rotation and brake pad 31, to set The fixed asymmetric week number n1 of pivoting friction back and forth or symmetry pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth rub, the mistake of get Li Sharu curve friction Journey friction sample, repeats, with set asymmetrical friction always week number N1 or symmetrical friction week number N2, the get Li Sharu curve friction rail that rubs The sample that finally rubs of mark；

Or only start friction motor 36 and carry out the most motionless cloth specimen of brake pad 31 18 and make the reciprocal flat of horizontal direction Move friction sample preparation, when reaching the plain grinding frequency n 3 set, complete the package cloth specimen 18 on fabric drum 11 is covered at brake pad 31 The plain grinding in cover region territory, then it is rotated into subsequent region to determine angle α 2, repeat the plain grinding process friction sample that rubs to obtain of plain grinding frequency n 3, Asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth sample preparation described in repetition until during set plain grinding week number N3, obtains plain grinding and finally rubs sample.

4th step, process friction sample is measured:

Refer in the pilling friction process of the 3rd step, to completing progressive friction all number n1, Rubbing number n2 peace A kind of friction arbitrary in mill frequency n 3 completes process a little and rubs the measurement of sample, i.e. the CCD with optical measuring system 5 is micro- Image pick-up device 51 forwards the described process friction filoplume of sample in the visual field and the morphological image of ball top to tangential observation, with described electricity Sub-balance 65 weighs the weight recording wear and tear on this friction sample filoplume dropped and ball top；Acquired results passes through data acquisition and control System 7 processed inputs computer 8, calculates height and quantity, ball top shape size and quantity and the abrasion of the filoplume of described cloth specimen Drop filoplume and ball top amount, and as process friction sample.

5th step, final friction sample are measured:

When reaching the friction total degree that sets, i.e. reach asymmetrical friction always week number N1, symmetrical friction week number N2 and plain grinding week When counting in N3, close friction motor 36 and/or rotaty step motor 23, make brake pad 31 reset, i.e. with batching Cloth specimen 18 on cylinder 11 separates, and obtains finally mill yarn sample, makes computer 8 start rotaty step motor 23 under measuring rotation mode and drives Dynamic fabric drum 11 rotates one by one with observation corner α 1 and positions, and uses CCD microimaging device 51 in side, fabric drum 11 top Incisal plane is made tangential observation, it is thus achieved that final friction sample filoplume and the morphological image of ball top；Synchronize with the folder of ball top pull-off mechanism 4 Holder 43 clamps filoplume and the ball top in this district, and filoplume that start bit moving mechanism (44) pull-off is held or ball top, by force transducer (41) shift value that the filoplume recorded or the pull-out force of ball top record with displacement mechanism (44), it is thus achieved that filoplume in position and ball top Pull-out force curve, until the cloth specimen (18) of dynamic fabric drum (11) i.e. package turns reaches one week；Close projection light source (52), vacuum cleaner (64) and the negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device (62), weigh what Final wear point on record cloth specimen dropped with electronic balance (65) Filoplume and ball top weight；Acquired results is conveyed into computer (7) by acquisition and control system (8), calculates described cloth The height of the filoplume of sample and quantity, ball top shape size and quantity, filoplume or ball top pull-off force value with skid off length and abrasion Drop filoplume and ball top amount, and as the sample that finally rubs；

6th step, the overall merit of result:

According to the first step to the measurement of the 5th step and result of calculation, can obtain surveyed yarn sample pilling process and The overall merit of whole performance；According to measurement and the result of calculation of the first step to the 4th step, can be to surveyed yarn sample pilling process Make quantitative assessment；According to the 5th pacing amount under same experimental conditions and under the influence of deduction second step raw yarn sample and calculating knot The comparison of fruit, can make comprehensive comparative evaluation to the pilling complexity of different yarn samples.

Following specific embodiment 1～3 is to different yarns composition and the fabric of different number, at different measuring conditions Descend and under different tests process, obtain the measurement result of fabric pilling feature.Wherein:

Different measuring conditions is primarily referred to as: applied by weight clip 15 and stable fabric wrapping tension force (cN), electrostatic electricity When the napping electrostatic pressure (kV) of pole 4 applying, the induced-draught electric motor rotating speed (rpm) of gettering mouth, CCD image pick-up device 61 are observed, cloth specimen cylinder 1 is single When the friction of the corner α 1 of rotational positioning, unidirectional vertical friction or Li Sharu curve cloth specimen cylinder 1 asymmetric come before back rotation Enter angle θ a and receding angle θ b or cloth specimen cylinder 1 symmetry carrys out the set angle θ of back rotation；Individually alternating translational Rubbing number n3, setting All number N3 and total translational friction number of timesThe progressive frequency n 1 of asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth, asymmetric come All number N1 that back rotation is progressive and total asymmetric pivoting friction number of timesSymmetry pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth, right Claim to come all number N2 of back rotation and total symmetrical pivoting friction number of timesCloth specimen cylinder 1 carrys out the frequency (Hz) of back rotation, rubs The traverse (mm) of cleaning block 31 alternating translational and frequency (Hz).

Different tests process refers to: a complete set of from second step to the 5th step is measured and calculate test, only second step to the 4th The process measurement of step compares measurement with calculating test and the first step and calculates test, these three kinds of forms with the 3rd step.

The measurement result of fabric pilling feature is primarily referred to as: tangential observation set observation thickness W (W as 1～ 10mm) average height (mm | Wmm) of upper filoplume and filoplume height h are more than or equal to the percentage rate (% | >=hmm) of 2～10mm；If Surely the ball top number (individual/cm of unit are on observation thickness W²| Wmm), ball top average height H (mm) and height coefficient of variation CVH (%), ball top average diameter D (mm) and diameter variation coefficient CVD (%)；Pull-out force measure filoplume maximum pull-out force (cN), pull out Length of trying to shirk responsibility out (mm) and filoplume pull-off initial modulus (cN/dtex)；Ball top maximum pull-out force (cN), pull-off skid off length (mm) With ball top pull-off initial modulus (cN/dtex)；Wearer quality (mg) and drop ball top number and quality percentage (%)；Mainly depend on According to percentage rate more than or equal to 2～10mm of filoplume average height (mm | Wmm) and filoplume height h (% | >=hmm), ball top number (individual/ cm²| Wmm), ball top average height H (mm) and height coefficient of variation CVH (%), ball top average diameter D (mm) and diameter Variation Lines Number CVD (%)；Ball top maximum pull-out force (cN), pull-off skid off length (mm) and ball top pull-off initial modulus (cN/dtex), and Wearer quality (mg) and drop ball top number and quality percentage (%), it was predicted that the grade of fabric anti-fluffing anti-pilling, be accurate to 0.01。

Embodiment 1

Using assembly of the invention, as shown in Fig. 1～5, the fluffing to all woolen woven fabric that the count of yarn is Nm48/2 rises Ball make the first step in the 4th step process friction sample measurement, its measuring condition and actual measured results see table embodiment 1 hurdle Fig. 6 is seen with the process friction sample experiment curv of described 4th step.The rotation back and forth of the symmetry of employing cloth specimen cylinder 1, i.e. rotates forward advance Angle is equal to the rotation of reversion receding angle, and rotational angle is 45 °；The supporting distance that moves back and forth, for 8cm, makes brake pad 31 to cloth specimen Fabric on cylinder 1 makees the friction of Li Sharu curve.From measured result, the initial sample plush effect of this all woolen woven fabric often belongs to State, i.e. initiates filoplume average height 2.4mm | 5mm and the filoplume percentage rate 0.2% higher than h | >=6mm, and the rising of the sample that finally rubs Hair is obvious, respectively filoplume average height 6.0mm | and 5mm and filoplume are higher than the percentage rate 39.4% of h | >=6mm, this and actual hair The observation evaluation of estimate of plumage increments is consistent, and filoplume height and the measurement of amount of this tangential observation procedure are described, accurate and effective. The balling-up of this initial sample of all woolen woven fabric is almost nil, belong to normality, and the final friction sample balling-up after the friction of Li Sharu curve shows Write, 3.6/cm of ball top quantity²| 5mm, ball top diameter 3.4mm and the coefficient of variation 41.1% thereof are the biggest, and the above two are along with rubbing Wipe the increase of number of times and increase and progressively reach saturated stable, refer to the change curve of the process friction sample of Fig. 6, all woolen machine is described Fabric pilling is because friction is caused repeatedly.And ball top number and ball top diameter is the most saturated is stably because coming off of ball top, this from The inverse S-curve of the wearer quality of Fig. 6 can be seen that.And tangentially observation procedure can provide the height H of ball top, this is normal Rule visually (fabric normal direction) observation cannot provide, and is the original of the present invention.The height H of ball top is with Rubbing number as shown in Figure 6Changing Pattern consistent with the rule of ball top diameter D, and more than ball top diameter D, this be ball top separate with fabric face away from From, ball top is substantially circular, and ball top diameter D (face, i.e. normal direction observation) is more than or equal to ball top diameter d, and (side-looking is the most tangentially seen Survey), illustrate that ball top has certain compactness.The density of ball top is the lowest, i.e. shapes the initial stage or pull-out force is less, its ellipsoid degree The biggest, i.e. D is the most obvious more than d, and this is also the reason that the present invention measures pull-out force.The ball top of the final sample that rubs of all woolen woven fabric Maximum pull-out force 15.8cN and ball top pull-off skid off length 6.2mm, are all minimum in embodiment, and this is prone to pull-off；And ball top Pull-off initial modulus 19.30cN/dtex is placed in the middle, illustrates that being easier to impact causes ball top density to increase and earn disconnected coming off.Therefore its abrasion Material amount 15.21 is maximum, and the anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 3.01 predicted is maximum.The balling-up of this fabric actual is more, but because of Ball top comes off and makes balling-up amount on the low side.Based on aforementioned fluffing and balling-up quantity and form, ball top maximum pull-out force and wearer quality The prediction anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 3.01 obtained Deng 11 parametric synthesis, with the anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 3 grades or 3.5 of standard test Level is consistent, not only more accurate than standard test result, stable and true, and precision is higher.Prove the section of this measuring method Learn, effectively and accurately.

Embodiment 2

Employing assembly of the invention is with embodiment 1, such as Fig. 1～5.Rising the cashmere knit goods that the count of yarn is Nm48/2 Hair balling-up is made the first step and is measured and result of calculation to a complete set of of the 5th step, obtains the initial sample to surveyed cloth specimen, process friction sample With the pilling result of the final sample that rubs, and analyzing respectively, seriatim and final overall merit, it measures parameter and actual measurement Final friction sample is shown in Fig. 7 the results detailed in the process friction sample experiment curv of following table embodiment 2 hurdle and described 4th step.Use cloth specimen Cylinder 1 the most asymmetric rotation back and forth, i.e. advancing angle are 90 °, receding angle is 85 °, make brake pad 31 to the cashmere on cloth specimen cylinder 1 Knitted fabric is made vertically to rub back and forth.From measured result, the plush effect of the initial sample of this cashmere knit goods belongs to normality, the most initial Filoplume average height 3mm | 10mm and the filoplume percentage rate 1.5% higher than h | >=10mm, and the sample fluffing that finally rubs is obvious, respectively | 10mm and the filoplume percentage rate 25.6% higher than h | >=10mm, this and actual filoplume increments for filoplume average height 7.6mm Observation is consistent, and filoplume height and the measurement of amount of this tangential observation procedure are described, accurate and effective.At the beginning of this cashmere knit goods The balling-up of beginning sample is almost nil, belong to normality, and the final friction sample balling-up after the most asymmetric friction back and forth is notable, ball top quantity 3.9/cm²| 5mm relatively embodiment 1 is big, and diameter 3.2mm is less for ball top, and the coefficient of variation 42.3% is relatively big, and along with Rubbing number Increase and increase and progressively reach saturated stable, see Fig. 7 curve, illustrate that cashmere knit goods balling-up is because friction is caused repeatedly. And ball top number and ball top diameter is the most saturated is stably because coming off of ball top, this is from the inverse S-curve of the wearer quality of Fig. 7 Can be seen that.And tangentially observation procedure can provide the height H of ball top, this is that conventional visually (fabric normal direction) observation cannot provide , original for the present invention.The height H of ball top is with Rubbing number as shown in Figure 7The rule of Changing Pattern and ball top diameter D Unanimously and more than ball top diameter D, this is that ball top has separating distance and ball top substantially circular with fabric face, and ball top diameter D (facing, i.e. normal direction observation), more than or equal to ball top diameter d (side-looking, the most tangentially observation), illustrates that ball top has certain compactness. The density of ball top is the highest, and when i.e. shaping later stage or pull-out force are bigger, the least i.e. D with d is the most close for its ellipsoid degree, and this is also the present invention Measure the reason of pull-out force.Cashmere knit goods finally rubs the ball top maximum pull-out force 23.4cN of sample and ball top pull-off skids off length 12.7mm, the most between two parties, is less prone to pull-off；And ball top pull-off initial modulus 12.02cN/dtex is minimum, illustrate not Easily impact causes ball top density to increase and earns disconnected coming off, therefore its wearer quality 14.36 is placed in the middle.The anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade of prediction 2.77 is placed in the middle, is because the actual balling-up of this fabric is more, and ball top comes off relatively slow.Based on aforementioned fluffing and balling-up quantity and The prediction anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 2.77 that 11 parametric synthesis such as form, ball top maximum pull-out force and wearer quality obtain, with The anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade of standard test 3 grades is close, not only more accurate than standard test result, stable and true, Er Qiejing Du Genggao.Prove the science, effectively and accurately of this measuring method.

Embodiment 3

Employing assembly of the invention is with embodiment 1, as shown in Fig. 1～5.The hair that the count of yarn is Nm32/2 is washed sweater depend on Measure and the 5th step is final according to making the initial sample of second step under same experimental conditions and under the influence of deducting isostension package cloth specimen Friction sample is measured and is calculated, and obtains the overall merit of surveyed cloth specimen pilling performance.Its measuring condition parameter and measured result See table embodiment 3 hurdle.Use brake pad 31 independent reciprocating type mobile that hair is washed sweater fabric and make horizontal reciprocating friction sample preparation, past Multiple displacement is 3.0cm.From measured result, this mao is washed the initial sample plush effect of sweater fabric and is belonged to normality, the most initial Filoplume average height 1.9mm | 4mm and the filoplume percentage rate 0.3% higher than h | >=6mm, and the fluffing of the sample that finally rubs is obvious, point Wei filoplume average height 4.5mm | 4mm and the filoplume percentage rate 26.4% higher than h | >=6mm, this and actual filoplume increments Observation evaluation of estimate is consistent, and filoplume height and the measurement of amount of this tangential observation procedure are described, accurate and effective.This hair washs sweater The balling-up of initial sample is zero, belongs to normality, and the final friction sample balling-up after horizontal reciprocating friction is notable, ball top quantity 4.3/ cm²| 4mm, ball top diameter 3.6mm and the coefficient of variation 48.9% thereof are maximum, and the above two along with Rubbing number increase and Increasing and progressively reach saturated stable, this trend is consistent with embodiment 1 and 2, simply reaches saturated more slow.This illustrates that this is knitted Thing balling-up is because friction is caused repeatedly.And ball top number and ball top diameter the most saturated be stably because ball top produce and ball top come off Amount reaches the result of balance, hair wash the balling-up of sweater fabric easily, spherolite relatively big, and the endurance of terylene makes the life-span of ball top relatively It is long, so ball top generation is later with the time that the amount of coming off reaches balance.For surveying angle, the accurate evaluation of pilling, Should be evaluated when basically reaching equilibrium point (saturation point), this is also measurement result of the present invention one of reason accurately.And And tangentially observation procedure can provide the height H of ball top, this is that conventional visually (fabric normal direction) observation cannot provide, and is this Bright is original.The height H of ball top is generally higher than ball top diameter D, and this is that ball top has separating distance with fabric face.Generally ball top shape State is sub-circular, illustrates that ball top has certain compactness, and ball top diameter D (facing, i.e. normal direction observation) is more than or equal to hair Bulb diameter d (side-looking, the most tangentially observation).The density of ball top is the highest, and its required pull-out force is the biggest, and ball top is round, D Yu d gets over one Causing, this is also the reason that the present invention measures pull-out force.Hair washs the ball top maximum pull-out force of the final sample that rubs of sweater fabric 28.9cN, ball top pull-off skid off length 11.2mm and ball top pull-off initial modulus 26.06cN/dtex, are all maximum in embodiment , this is difficult to pull-off, illustrates that ball top density is relatively big and is difficult to earn disconnected coming off.Therefore its wearer quality 11.98 is minimum, and predict Anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 2.35 is the most minimum.Based on aforementioned fluffing and balling-up quantity and form, ball top maximum pull-out force and wearer The prediction anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 2.35 that 11 parametric synthesis such as quality obtain, with the anti-fluffing and anti-pilling grade 2.5 of standard test Level or 3 grades consistent, not only more accurate than standard test result, stable and truly, and precision is higher.Prove this measuring method Science, effectively and accurately.

The fabric pilling amount, form and wear extent under differentiated friction mode and the measurement result of pull-out force

Claims (9)

1. the filoplume of a fabric and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: include

Cloth specimen cylinder (1) for package with clamping cloth specimen (18)；

Rotating mechanism (2), is used for driving cloth specimen cylinder (1) to carry out back rotation so that cloth specimen (18) is rubbed, simultaneously drives cloth specimen Cylinder (1) rotates counterclockwise, thus cloth specimen (18) is rotated counterclockwise measurement；

Friction mechanism (3), is positioned at cloth specimen cylinder (1) rear side, the cloth specimen (18) of institute's package on the cloth specimen cylinder (1) that is used for rubbing thus carry out Pilling sample preparation；

Pull-off mechanism (4), is positioned at cloth specimen cylinder (1) top, is used for clamping and measure the upper filoplume of cloth specimen (18) and ball top pull-out force；

Optical measuring system (5), is positioned at the tangential horizontal plane in cloth specimen cylinder (1) top, is used for observing the upper filoplume of cloth specimen (18) and ball top Form and quantity；

Collect Weighing mechanism (6), be positioned at cloth specimen cylinder (1) lower section, be used for collecting on cloth specimen in friction (18) drop fiber and ball top And weigh；

Gather and analyze surveyed data and control the acquisition and control system (7) that each mechanism runs；

The computer (8) controlling to run with measure and complete result calculating being connected with acquisition and control system (7)；

Described cloth specimen cylinder (1) including:

Fabric drum (11), has band in groove and groove on the cylinder of fabric drum (11) and is parallel to fabric drum (11) axis Sawtooth striped；

Article two, rectangle depression bar (12), push down cloth specimen (18) two ends respectively, have and batching in the inner side of every rectangle depression bar (12) The sawtooth striped of sawtooth striped same shape in cylinder (11) groove；

Two pairs of fixture blocks (14), compress upper and lower two rectangle depression bars respectively by the hole clipping (13) inserting fabric drum (11) two ends (12)；

Clamp cloth specimen (18) tail end and realize the weight clip (15) of isostension uniform package cloth specimen；

The counterweight block (16) of regulation weight clip (15) weight；

The scalpel (17) of unnecessary cloth specimen (18) is exposed for cutting off bare terminal end；

Two described rectangle depression bars (12) are two strips, the on all four depression bar of size, respectively upperpush rod (12u) and under Depression bar (12d), its two ends have clamping slope shoulder (12b) for being coordinated with fixture block (14), and seal face has pressure surface hackle mark (12a)；Described fixture block (14) in concave shape, one end be fixture block inclined-plane hook (14a), the other end be fixture block bayonet lock (14b), and 4 The size and shape of individual fixture block (14) is completely the same；Hang with on weight clip (15) or inhale and have 1 ~ 5 piece of described counterweight block (16), or Person is without counterweight block (16).

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute The rotating mechanism (2) stated includes being connected with acquisition and control system (7) and controls and turning that the described cloth specimen cylinder (1) of driving rotates Dynamic motor (23), support described cloth specimen cylinder (1) the sample tube stent (21) being flexibly connected and with described fabric drum (11) and Sample cylinder axle (22) that rotaty step motor (23) is the most affixed；

Described fabric drum (11) rotates and is divided into measurement to rotate and sample preparation rotation, wherein:

Measurement rotation refers to: when observing by described optical measuring system (5), fabric drum (11) drives at rotaty step motor (23) Dynamic lower work observes rotating counterclockwise of corner α 1, and α 1 is to be 360 ° of angles divided exactly in 10 °～360 °；

Sample preparation rotate be divided into asymmetric come back rotation and symmetry carry out back rotation, wherein:

Asymmetric come back rotation refer to: fabric drum (11) rotaty step motor (23) drive under, make advancing angle θ a more than retreat Angle θ b, and θ a is 5 °～180 °, the most progressive asymmetric come back rotation, when fabric drum (11) is progressive be rotated up to set non- During symmetrical friction total week number N1, complete package cloth specimen (18) along rising that fabric drum (11) rotation direction asymmetric rubs back and forth Hair balling-up, described N1 is more than or equal to number of turns n1 of setting measurement, and n1 is more than or equal to 1；

Symmetry is carried out back rotation and is referred to: fabric drum (11) is under rotaty step motor (23) drives, and the back rotation of coming making symmetric angle θ is rubbed Wiping, symmetric angle θ is that the θ of 1 ~ 8 integer circumference in equal parts determines angle rotation, when reaching the Rubbing number n2 of setting, counterclockwise with the θ angle taken Rotate fabric drum (11) entrance subsequent region, the friction of repetition Rubbing number n2 reaches one week, repeats described symmetry and turns round Dynamic friction sample preparation, until set symmetry rubs during week number N2, completes package cloth specimen (18) along fabric drum (11) rotation side To the pilling that rubs back and forth of symmetry, described N2 is more than or equal to 1, and described n2 is more than or equal to 10；

Described asymmetric come back rotation and symmetry carry out back rotation can be past with the level of the brake pad of described friction mechanism (3) (31) Multiple movement is matched, and completes the pilling friction sample preparation of the Li Sharu curve of package cloth specimen (18) upper to fabric drum (11).

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute The friction mechanism (3) stated includes the brake pad (31) that is in close contact with cloth specimen (18) and the affixed worm gear frame of brake pad (31) (32) worm gear (33), being inlaid in worm gear frame (32), the worm screw (34) promoting worm gear (33) to translate, the company of connecting worm (34) Connect device (35) and the friction motor (36) being connected with adapter (35)；

Friction motor (36) is connected with described acquisition and control system (7), controls and drives friction motor (36) make the back rotation of coming of symmetrical expression, and drive worm screw (34) to carry out back rotation, promote worm gear (33) and be fixed in worm gear frame (32) On brake pad (31) horizontal reciprocating move；

Cloth specimen (18) can be made the alternating translational friction sample preparation of horizontal direction, when reaching by the independently moving of described brake pad (31) During the plain grinding frequency n 3 set, complete the putting down in brake pad (31) overlay area of the package cloth specimen (18) on fabric drum (11) Mill, can rotate counterclockwise fabric drum (11) entrance subsequent region with the angle α 2 that determines of 1 ~ 6 decile, repeat the friction of plain grinding frequency n 3, Until during set plain grinding week number N3, complete cloth specimen (18) is risen along the fluffing of the axial horizontal reciprocating friction of fabric drum (11) Ball, described N3 is more than or equal to 1, and described n3 is more than or equal to 10；

The sample preparation rotation that the horizontal reciprocating of described brake pad (31) moves with described fabric drum (11) matches, and can complete cloth specimen (18) the pilling friction sample preparation of Li Sharu curve.

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute The pull-off mechanism (4) stated includes the force transducer (41) for measuring filoplume or ball top pull-out force, and force transducer (41) is located at can Having moved up and down on the displacement mechanism (44) of pull-off and reset clamping action, connecting rod (42) is connected with force transducer (41), Have that the one end from the clamper (43) that tightens up effect is connected with connecting rod (42), the other end is to the chuck held, described power biography Sensor (41) is connected with described acquisition and control system (7) with described displacement mechanism (44).

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute State optical measuring system (5) to include can tangentially observing filoplume and ball top shape size and quantity from the side of fabric drum (11) CCD microimaging device (51) and the projection light source (52) that arbitrarily can regulate at the second quadrant of crevice projection angle β；CCD is micro-to be taken the photograph As device (51) and projection light source (52) are controlled by described acquisition and control system (7).

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 3 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute The collection Weighing mechanism (6) stated includes that the bucket shape that can collect drop ball top and filoplume under described brake pad (31) in a large number is inhaled Miscellaneous mouth (61), it is positioned between bucket shape gettering mouth (61) and slit suction inlet (63) electrostatic helping the upper filoplume of cloth specimen (18) to hold up separation Napping device (62), can strength the most quickly suction bonding filoplume and the slit suction inlet (63) of ball top and bucket shape gettering mouth (61) and slit The vacuum cleaner (64) that suction inlet (63) is connected；Collected ball top and filoplume are direct by being attached thereto after being weighed by electronic balance (65) Described acquisition and control system (7) gather；The negative high voltage occurring source of described electrostatic napping device (62) and vacuum cleaner (64) it is connected with described acquisition and control system (7).

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and pull-out force measurement apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute State acquisition and control system (7) include rotaty step motor control unit (71), friction step motor control unit (72), Pull-out force and displacement measurement module (73), filoplume ball top form acquisition module (74), projecting illumination brightness control unit (75), mill Damage weigher amount acquisition module (76) and electrostatic pressure and control unit (77) is collected in air draught, and be connected with computer (8) with data wire Connect.

8. apply the filoplume of fabric as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and the measurement side of pull-out force measurement apparatus for one kind Method, it is characterised in that step is:

The first step, isostension package cloth specimen: rotate fabric drum (11) and make its groove just to above, by the alignment of cloth specimen (18) The centrage of fabric drum (11) groove, naturally droop, make the sawtooth striped of a rectangle depression bar (12) facing cloth specimen, push down cloth specimen (18), then with two fixture blocks (14) point left and right insert the lower hole clipping (13d) at fabric drum (11) two ends and push down lower rectangle depression bar (12d), so compress cloth specimen (18) head end；Then the cloth specimen being parallel to cloth specimen (18) bare terminal end with weight clip (15), clamping (18) tail end, after adding according to the weight per square meter of cloth specimen or be not added with counterweight block (16), rotate fabric drum (11) make cloth specimen (18) to Upper pull-up is also uniformly wrapped in fabric drum (11) upper one week isostension, stops；Take another rectangle depression bar (12u), with its sawtooth Stripe surface towards and push down cloth specimen (18) tail end, then insert the upper card at fabric drum (11) two ends with two fixture blocks (14u) point left and right Rectangle depression bar (12u) is also pushed down in hole (13u), and then compresses cloth specimen (18) tail end；Compress cloth specimen (18) rectangle depression bar (12) afterwards Height without departing from the face of cylinder of fabric drum (11), and cut with scalpel (17) and expose unnecessary fabric, make for fluffing The initial sample of balling-up experiment；

Second step, initial sample are measured: first adjust projection angle beta and the irradiation brightness of projection light source (52), open vacuum cleaner (64) and The negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device (62), and under measuring rotation mode, start rotaty step motor (23) driving fabric drum (11) rotate one by one and position observing corner α 1, using CCD microimaging device (51) cutting in fabric drum (11) side, top Plane is made tangential observation, it is thus achieved that filoplume and the morphological image of ball top；Until the cloth specimen (18) of fabric drum (11) and package turns full One week, close projection light source (52), vacuum cleaner (64) and the negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device (62), with electronic balance (65) Weigh the weight of initial floating fiber on record cloth specimen；Acquired results all inputs computer (8), calculates the filoplume of described cloth specimen Height and quantity, ball top shape size and quantity and floating fiber amount, and as sample for reference；

3rd step, pilling friction sample preparation: first will friction motor (36) and rotaty step motor in computer (8) (23) a kind of friction mould being set in the pivoting friction back and forth of sample preparation pattern, the friction of Li Sharu curve and alternating translational friction Formula；Again the brake pad (31) of friction mechanism (3) is moved forward and be in close contact with the cloth specimen on fabric drum (11) or connect with certain pressure Touch；Then, projection light source (52), vacuum cleaner (64) and the negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device (62) are opened, simultaneously:

Start rotaty step motor (23) and carry out the most motionless brake pad (31) work of the cloth specimen (18) on fabric drum (11) vertically The pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth of the asymmetric or symmetric in direction, must set advancing angle θ a and receding angle θ b asymmetric come back rotation gradually Entering the process friction sample of friction week number n1, the asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth sample preparation described in repetition is until the asymmetric of setting rubs Wiping total week number N1, the most each turned position is repeated the number of times of asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth, is obtained the sample that finally rubs；Maybe must set symmetry Angle is the symmetry pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth of θ and rotates θ angle and enter the friction of repetition Rubbing number n2 of subsequent region and reach one The process friction sample in week, the pivoting friction sample preparation back and forth of the symmetry described in repetition until set symmetrical friction week number N2 Friction sample eventually；

Or synchronous averaging friction motor (36) and rotaty step motor (23) carry out the non-right of cloth specimen on fabric drum (11) Title or symmetry carry out the friction sample preparation of back rotation and the Li Sharu curve friction track of the alternating translational movement combination of brake pad (31), The asymmetric week number n1 of pivoting friction back and forth or symmetry pivoting friction frequency n 2 back and forth to set rub, and get Li Sharu curve rubs The process friction sample wiped, with set asymmetrical friction always week number N1 or symmetrical friction week number N2 to repeat the get Li Sharu that rubs bent The sample that finally rubs of link friction track；

Or only start friction motor (36) cloth specimen (18) that carries out brake pad (31) the most motionless and make the reciprocal of horizontal direction Translational friction sample preparation, when reaching the plain grinding frequency n 3 set, completes the package cloth specimen (18) on fabric drum (11) in friction The plain grinding of block (31) overlay area, then it is rotated into subsequent region to determine angle α 2, repeat the plain grinding mistake that rubs to obtain of plain grinding frequency n 3 Journey friction sample, asymmetric pivoting friction back and forth sample preparation described in repetition is until during set plain grinding week number N3, obtaining plain grinding final Friction sample；

4th step, process friction sample is measured: refer in the pilling friction process of the 3rd step, to completing all numbers of progressive friction A kind of friction in n1, Rubbing number n2 and plain grinding frequency n 3 arbitrary completes the measurement of process friction sample a little, i.e. with optics CCD microimaging device (51) of measurement system (5) forwards the described process friction filoplume of sample in the visual field and hair to tangential observation The morphological image of ball, weighs the weight recording wear and tear on this friction sample filoplume dropped and ball top with described electronic balance (65) Amount；Acquired results, by acquisition and control system (7) input computer (8), calculates the height of the filoplume of described cloth specimen With quantity, ball top shape size and quantity and wear away fuds fuddled plumage and ball top amount, and rub sample as process；

5th step, final friction sample are measured: when reaching the friction total degree that sets, i.e. reach asymmetrical friction always week number N1, symmetry When friction week number N2 and in plain grinding week number N3 one, close friction motor (36) and/or rotaty step motor (23), order Brake pad (31) resets, and separates with the cloth specimen (18) on fabric drum (11), obtains finally mill yarn sample, makes computer (8) turn in measurement Starting rotaty step motor (23) under dynamic model formula drives fabric drum (11) rotate one by one to observe corner α 1 and position, and uses CCD Tangential observation made in the incisal plane of fabric drum (11) side, top by microimaging device (51), it is thus achieved that final friction sample filoplume and hair The morphological image of ball；Synchronize to clamp filoplume and the ball top in this district, start bit moving mechanism with the clamper (43) of pull-off mechanism (4) (44) pull-off is held filoplume or ball top, force transducer (41) filoplume recorded or the pull-out force of ball top and displacement mechanism (44) shift value recorded, it is thus achieved that filoplume in position and the pull-out force curve of ball top, until fabric drum (11) and the cloth of package Sample (18) turns full one week；Close projection light source (52), vacuum cleaner (64) and the negative high voltage occurring source of electrostatic napping device (62), with electricity Sub-balance (65) weighs the filoplume and ball top weight that on record cloth specimen, Final wear point drops；Acquired results passes through data acquisition and control System processed (7) is conveyed into computer (8), calculate height and the quantity of the filoplume of described cloth specimen, ball top shape size and quantity, The pull-off force value of filoplume or ball top with skid off length and wear away fuds fuddled plumage and ball top amount, and as finally rubbing sample；

6th step, the overall merit of result: according to measurement and the result of calculation of the first step to the 5th step, can obtain surveyed yarn sample Pilling process and the overall merit of final performance thereof, according to measurement and the result of calculation of the first step to the 4th step, can be to institute Survey yarn sample pilling process and make quantitative assessment, according under same experimental conditions and under the influence of deduction second step raw yarn sample 5th pacing amount and the comparison of result of calculation, can make comprehensive comparative evaluation to the pilling complexity of different yarn samples.

The filoplume of a kind of fabric the most as claimed in claim 1 and ball top form and the application of pull-out force measurement apparatus, its feature It is: for fabric pilling sample preparation, the most online fluffing and balling-up quantity, form, wear extent and ball top pull-out force Measure, and the overall merit of fabric anti-fluffing anti-pilling.