CN103900619B - A kind of linearization technique and circuit of nonlinear resistor type sensor - Google Patents
A kind of linearization technique and circuit of nonlinear resistor type sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor, nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve is segmented, each segmentation is linearized.According to the characteristic change in resistance of resistance of sensor, there is provided resistance and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical, and then obtain linear resistance of sensor and sensor partial pressure properties curve.A kind of circuit for the linearization technique for realizing nonlinear resistor type sensor, including resistor voltage divider network, sensor are connected with resistor voltage divider network, and described linearizer is loaded with power supply；Described resistor voltage divider network includes at least one-level bleeder circuit, for being segmented to nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve, according to the characteristic change in resistance of resistance of sensor, resistance and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical are provided, and then obtain linear resistance of sensor and sensor partial pressure properties curve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of linearizing non-linear sensor, is passed more specifically to a kind of nonlinear resistor type
The linearization technique of sensor, and a kind of circuit for the linearization technique for realizing nonlinear resistor type sensor is provided.
Background technology
With the development in epoch, the arrival of new technology revolution, the world initially enters the information age.In the process using information
In, first have to solve seeks to obtain accurately and reliably information, and sensor is the main path and means for obtaining the information.
Current sensor penetrate into already such as industrial production, space development, marine exploration, medical diagnosis, etc. extremely general neck
Domain.It is no exaggeration to say that from boundless and indistinct space, it is almost each down to various complicated engineering systems to the vast oceans
Individual modernization project, all it be unable to do without various sensors.Again with resistance sensor in this miscellaneous sensor
It is in the majority, but the change curve overwhelming majority of resistance sensor is nonlinear.NTC thermistor rule as shown in Figure 1
Lattice tables of data；The characteristic curve of oil temperature NTC thermistor shown in Fig. 2, changed by Fig. 1 NTC thermistor specification data
Arrive, it can be seen that leading portion change is very greatly, behind it is very small, and excursion is wide, can not take into account.
The linear method of several nonlinear resistances of tradition is as follows：
1st, linearized network：Resistor network is in series or in parallel to form with the precision resistance and thermistor of temperature coefficient very little
Instead of single thermistor.Deficiency is：The linear relationship of its equivalent resistance and temperature simply obtains slight improvement, and not clever enough
It is living.
2nd, revised law is calculated：When the actual characteristic and the ideal characterisitics of requirement of known sensor resistance, can use linear
The methods of interpolation characteristic is segmented and the storage of the value of waypoint in the microprocessor, microprocessor is by the reality according to sensor
Output valve provides correct output valve after being modified.Deficiency is：Software remedial measure, is modified to characteristic curve, and right
Circuit performance has no improvement.
3rd, nonlinear object is improved using freq converting circuit：Utilize the exponential function and sensing of RC circuit charge and discharge process
The method that the exponential function of device resistance compares improves the nonlinear object of sensor resistance.Deficiency is：Circuit is complex,
Easily it is interfered, cost is higher.
In addition, Chinese invention patent ZL01818683.1 discloses a kind of modification method of sensor output, measured
The top of thing, configuration pass through light irradiation LED, and imaging len does the CMOS zone sensors of medium.In order to perceive LED light quantity,
It is reconfigured at photodetector.Output of the special-purpose computer to zone sensors carries out linearization process and brightness irregularities correcting process.
The former is modified in the output to zone sensors, the output of zone sensors and the output of photodetector when the light quantity is changed
It is directly proportional；The latter corrects the output of each pixel, makes measurement as the zone sensors in the face of determinand during uniform flat board
The output of each pixel, after linearization process amendment, turn into uniform state in face.Mechanical Driven can be implemented without
Easy two-dimentional method for measuring reflectance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind in the range of error permission, it can incite somebody to action
Sensor characteristic linearizes, and obtains changing than more uniform curve, in identical AD precision（Digit）Under, this can be widened
The collectable resistance ranges of AD, the linearization technique of simple efficient nonlinear resistor type sensor, and based on methods described
Linearizer.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor, divides nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve
Section, each segmentation is linearized.
Preferably, according to the characteristic change in resistance of resistance of sensor, there is provided resistance becomes with resistance of sensor change
The dynamic resistor voltage divider network of gesture identical, and then obtain linear resistance of sensor and sensor partial pressure properties curve.
Preferably, the characteristic realization of linear voltage is specially：It is different to curve using the tube voltage drop of switching tube
Variation tendency is segmented, and each corresponding one-level switching tube of segmentation, the pressure drop of switching tube determines the section being each segmented；Then root
The divider resistance of respective resistance values is chosen according to different segmentations and each default linear degree of segmentation, partial pressure is carried out to sensor, made
The voltage of loading on a sensor after partial pressure falls on default linear response.
Preferably, when resistance of sensor becomes small, the partial pressure of divider resistance becomes big, is opened when the partial pressure of divider resistance exceedes
When closing the pressure drop of pipe, switching tube conducting, next stage divider resistance is incorporated to current level divider resistance, changes total divider resistance, with this
Circulation.
Preferably, upper level divider resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, upper level switching tube and next stage partial pressure electricity
Resistance series connection；Next stage divider resistance and next stage paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube is connected with third level divider resistance, with this
Circulation.
Preferably, after obtaining linear voltage response, after analog-to-digital conversion, collection, the processing of data are carried out.
A kind of linearizer of nonlinear resistor type sensor, including resistor voltage divider network, sensor and divider resistance
Series network, described linearizer are loaded with power supply；Described resistor voltage divider network includes at least one-level bleeder circuit, is used for
Nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve is segmented, according to the characteristic change in resistance of resistance of sensor, there is provided resistance
Value and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical, and then obtain linear resistance of sensor and sensing
Device partial pressure properties curve.
Preferably, described bleeder circuit includes divider resistance, switching tube, divider resistance and paralleled power switches.
Preferably, bleeder circuit is in parallel step by step, it is specially：Upper level divider resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, on
One-level switching tube is connected with next stage divider resistance；Next stage divider resistance and next stage paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube
Connect with third level divider resistance, circulated with this.
Preferably, described switching tube is diode or voltage-stabiliser tube.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
Sensor characteristic can be linearized, become in the range of error permission by method of the present invention
Change than more uniform curve；In identical AD precision（Digit）Under, the collectable resistance ranges of the AD can be widened.
Circuit of the present invention is for a kind of fairly simple, efficient of nonlinear resistor type collecting sensor signal
Solution method.By choosing suitable power supply divider resistance and corresponding diode or voltage-stabiliser tube, it is possible to relatively more perfect solution
Linear resistor type sensor characteristic is complicated and the problems such as change in resistance scope is too big by no means.This method can obtain analog quantity
More uniform, the linear curve with voltage value changes, and if in error allowed band, it might even be possible to characteristic curve is intended
Straight line is synthesized, optimization software builds the flows such as table or algorithm process, reduces the occupancy to MCU resources.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is NTC thermistor specification data table；
Fig. 2 is by Fig. 1 NTC sensor resistances being converted to and temperature curve；
Fig. 3 is the sensor Acquisition Circuit of prior art；
Fig. 4 is circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the NTC sensor voltage and temperature curve that the linear circuit for converting to obtain by the measured data of table 1 exports；
In figure：R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are resistance, and D1, D2, D3, D4 are diodes, and RT is resistance sensor, AD
Value is data collection terminal mouth, and VCC is power supply, and GND is ground connection.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The method cardinal principle of the present invention is to need line according to environmental simulation amount and resistance sensor resistance characteristic curve
The degree of property, is segmented using the tube voltage drop of the diode or voltage-stabiliser tube variation tendency different to curve, then in basis
Different segmentations and each segmentation need linear degree to choose corresponding different resistance, fall the voltage after partial pressure and are intending in advance
On the straight line or curve of conjunction.
A kind of linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor, divides nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve
Section, each segmentation is linearized.According to the characteristic change in resistance of resistance of sensor, there is provided resistance and resistance of sensor
The dynamic resistor voltage divider network of variation tendency identical, and then it is bent with sensor partial pressure properties to obtain linear resistance of sensor
Line.
Linear voltage it is characteristic realization be specially：Entered using the tube voltage drop of the switching tube variation tendency different to curve
Row segmentation, each corresponding one-level switching tube of segmentation, the pressure drop of switching tube determine the section being each segmented；Then according to different points
Section and the default linear degree of each segmentation choose the divider resistance of respective resistance values, and partial pressure is carried out to sensor, make it is after partial pressure plus
The voltage carried on a sensor falls on default linear response.When resistance of sensor change is small, the partial pressure of divider resistance
Become big, when the partial pressure of divider resistance exceedes the pressure drop of switching tube, switching tube conducting, next stage divider resistance is incorporated to current fraction
Piezoresistance, change total divider resistance, circulated with this.
Upper level divider resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, upper level switching tube are connected with next stage divider resistance；Under
One-level divider resistance and next stage paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube are connected with third level divider resistance, circulated with this.
After obtaining linear voltage response, after analog-to-digital conversion, collection, the processing of data are carried out.
The method of described piecewise linearity is for resistance change（Such as：Resistance sensor）Processing, conversion, collection be
A kind of more common, high performance method（Change ratio is switched to by the method for segment processing various resistance is changed first
More uniform voltage curve, then by modulus（AD）Gathered, handled by CPU after conversion）.According to the change of resistance sensor certainly
The dynamic divider resistance size for converting the resistance sensor, is able to the change of real-time tracking resistance of sensor, makes the electricity after collection
Pressure curvilinear motion is more uniformly distributed, linearly, is easy to acquisition process.
For ordinary sensors（Change that relatively simple, scope is smaller, the linearity is preferable）An additional resistance only need to be passed through
After being connected to AD reference power sources composition partial pressure, a follower is added both to be gathered by CPU, as shown in Figure 3.
A kind of linearizer of nonlinear resistor type sensor as shown in Figure 4, including resistor voltage divider network, sensor
Connected with resistor voltage divider network, described linearizer is loaded with power supply；Described resistor voltage divider network includes an at least fraction
Volt circuit, for being segmented to nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve, according to the characteristic resistance of resistance of sensor
Change, there is provided resistance and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical, and then obtain linear sensing
Device resistance and sensor partial pressure properties curve.Described bleeder circuit includes divider resistance, switching tube, divider resistance and switching tube
It is in parallel.In the present embodiment, described switching tube is diode or voltage-stabiliser tube.
Bleeder circuit is in parallel step by step, is specially：Upper level divider resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, upper level switching tube
Connected with next stage divider resistance；Next stage divider resistance and next stage paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube and the third level point
Piezoresistance is connected, and is circulated with this.
When sensor RT resistance becomes small, the partial pressure on resistance R1 becomes big, when the partial pressure on resistance R1 exceedes switching tube
During D1 pressure drop, switching tube D1 conductings make resistance R2 be incorporated to potential-divider network, change power supply divider resistance.Sensor RT resistance after
Continuous to diminish, when the partial pressure on resistance R2 is exceeded switching tube D2 pressure drop, switching tube D2 is then turned on, and change below is with such
Push away.
Therefore when the change of environmental simulation amount causes resistance of sensor respective change, so that it may can by the series diode array
Sensor resistance partial pressure is monitored, and with the power supply divider resistance of this automatic switching sensor.In this manner it is possible to according to institute
Need, make what the voltage after conversion was segmented to fall on the straight line or curve being fitted in advance, reach linear effect.
Circuit of the present invention, to be directed to, resistance excursion is larger, change curve is non-linear more prominent
The processing of signal, according to the resistance change, the drooping characteristic having using diode is segmented to it, and then is constantly tracked
The change of sensor resistance amount, when sensor resistance quickly becomes small, it is monitored using diode pair partial pressure, control sensing
The resistor voltage divider network of device also and then quickly diminishes, conversely, as the same.It can reach the purpose of constantly tracking transducer resistance.
By taking oil temperature NTC thermistor as an example, the actual measurement effect of 5 sections of linearisations of average mark of oil temperature NTC thermistor
As shown in table 1：
Table 1：Oil temperature NTC thermistor linearization measurement tables of data
| Temperature (degree Celsius) | Resistance（Ohm） | Converted voltage (V) | AD values |
| -40.0 | 36563.5 | 3.04 | 3371 |
| -35.0 | 26284.23 | 2.96 | 3283 |
| -30.0 | 19149.2 | 2.87 | 3187 |
| -25.0 | 14127.68 | 2.79 | 3093 |
| -20.0 | 10540.68 | 2.68 | 2970 |
| -15.0 | 7721.35 | 2.56 | 2835 |
| -10.0 | 5720.88 | 2.45 | 2719 |
| -5.0 | 4284.03 | 2.35 | 2607 |
| 0.0 | 3240.18 | 2.26 | 2505 |
| 5.0 | 2473.6 | 2.16 | 2397 |
| 10.0 | 1905.87 | 2.06 | 2283 |
| 15.0 | 1486.65 | 1.95 | 2167 |
| 20.0 | 1168.64 | 1.84 | 2045 |
| 25.0 | 926.71 | 1.74 | 1928 |
| 30.0 | 739.98 | 1.64 | 1817 |
| 35.0 | 594.9 | 1.55 | 1718 |
| 40.0 | 481.53 | 1.46 | 1625 |
| 45.0 | 392.57 | 1.38 | 1530 |
| 50.0 | 322.17 | 1.30 | 1440 |
| 55.0 | 266.19 | 1.21 | 1350 |
| 60.0 | 221.17 | 1.13 | 1260 |
| 65.0 | 184.72 | 1.06 | 1175 |
| 70.0 | 155.29 | 0.98 | 1091 |
| 75.0 | 131.38 | 0.91 | 1011 |
| 80.0 | 112.08 | 0.84 | 937 |
| 85.0 | 96.4 | 0.78 | 870 |
| 90.0 | 82.96 | 0.73 | 812 |
| 95.0 | 71.44 | 0.67 | 750 |
| 100.0 | 61.92 | 0.627 | 695 |
| 105.0 | 54.01 | 0.57 | 642 |
| 110.0 | 47.24 | 0.54 | 600 |
| 115.0 | 41.42 | 0.495 | 549 |
| 120.0 | 36.51 | 0.459 | 509 |
The characteristic voltage obtained after linearisation with temperature curve as shown in figure 5, characteristic curve is linearly distributed substantially,
It is easy to accurately gather.
Method in accordance with the present invention, piecewise linearity is carried out to resistance sensor.Configuration on parameter：First
The curve or straight line for confirming to be fitted in advance according to real needs, are divided further according to the trend of the change curve of resistance sensor
Section, suitable power supply divider resistance then is chosen to each segmentation, the magnitude of voltage after partial pressure is fallen on the straight line being fitted in advance, treats
After several power supply divider resistances all determine, finally determine that the pressure drop needed for the segmentation is selected by the resistance of the resistance and sensor again
Diode or voltage-stabiliser tube corresponding to taking.What it is due to curve is linearly segmentation, thus in error allowed band be can be public by curve
Formula is changed, and otherwise table must be built by software to change.
Above-described embodiment is intended merely to the explanation present invention, and is not used as limitation of the invention.As long as according to this hair
Bright technical spirit, above-described embodiment is changed, modification etc. will all fall in the range of the claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor, it is characterised in that characteristic according to resistance of sensor
Change in resistance, there is provided resistance and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical, to nonlinear sensing
Device resistance characteristic curve is segmented, and each segmentation is linearized；And then obtain linear resistance of sensor and sensor
Partial pressure properties curve；
Linear voltage it is characteristic realization be specially：Divided using the tube voltage drop of the switching tube variation tendency different to curve
Section, each corresponding one-level switching tube of segmentation, the pressure drop of switching tube determine the section being each segmented；Then according to different segmentations and
The divider resistance that default linear degree chooses respective resistance values is respectively segmented, partial pressure is carried out to sensor, makes being carried in after partial pressure
Voltage on sensor falls on default linear response.
2. the linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when sensor hinders
Value becomes hour, and the partial pressure of divider resistance becomes big, when the partial pressure of divider resistance exceedes the pressure drop of switching tube, switching tube conducting, under
One-level divider resistance is incorporated to current level divider resistance, changes total divider resistance, is circulated with this.
3. the linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that upper level partial pressure
Resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, upper level switching tube are connected with next stage divider resistance；Next stage divider resistance with it is next
Level paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube are connected with third level divider resistance, circulated with this.
4. the linearization technique of nonlinear resistor type sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain linear
After voltage response, after analog-to-digital conversion, collection, the processing of data are carried out.
A kind of 5. linearizer of nonlinear resistor type sensor, it is characterised in that including resistor voltage divider network, sensor with
Resistor voltage divider network is connected, and described linearizer is loaded with power supply；Described resistor voltage divider network includes at least one-level partial pressure
Circuit, for being segmented to nonlinear resistance of sensor characteristic curve, become according to the characteristic resistance of resistance of sensor
Change, there is provided resistance and the dynamic resistor voltage divider network of resistance of sensor variation tendency identical, and then obtain linear sensor
Resistance and sensor partial pressure properties curve；Described bleeder circuit includes divider resistance, switching tube, and divider resistance and switching tube are simultaneously
Connection.
6. the linearizer of nonlinear resistor type sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that bleeder circuit by
Level is in parallel, is specially：Upper level divider resistance and upper level paralleled power switches, upper level switching tube and next stage divider resistance string
Connection；Next stage divider resistance and next stage paralleled power switches, next stage switching tube are connected with third level divider resistance, followed with this
Ring.
7. the linearizer of nonlinear resistor type sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described switch
Manage as diode or voltage-stabiliser tube.
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| CN110333003B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-04-27 | 三江学院 | NTC temperature linearization sampling circuit |
| CN110488889A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 湖南明康中锦医疗科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Breathing Suppotion device temperature collection control method and system |
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| CN85201459U (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-07-16 | 天津市自动化仪表八厂 | Continuous analogue linearization device for electric thermo-couple |
| US5341071A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1994-08-23 | Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. | Piecewise linearized focus voltage circuit for television apparatus |
| CN2221207Y (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1996-02-28 | 王汶成 | Linear compensating device of thermal couple digital thermometer |
| CN1041234C (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1998-12-16 | 林文 | Voltage linearized circuit |
| EP2128579B1 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2012-08-01 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Arrangement for linearizing a non-linear sensor |
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