CN103898894A - Method for solidifying soft soil foundation by solar electroosmosis - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground, comprising the following steps: providing a plurality of anode devices and a plurality of cathode devices, wherein the anode devices include an anode, and the cathode devices include a cathode; the anode devices and the cathode The device is driven into the soft ground, and the anode device and the cathode device are arranged regularly; a solar cell is provided, which includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a plurality of anode devices are connected to the positive electrode, and a plurality of cathode devices are connected to the negative electrode; The relationship between the energy of the solar cell and the intensity of sunlight is used to realize intermittent power supply, and the soft soil foundation is subjected to intermittent electroosmosis treatment for many times to consolidate the soft soil foundation.

Description

Method of Consolidating Soft Soil Foundation by Solar Electroosmosis

technical field

The invention relates to a method for consolidating soft ground by solar energy electroosmosis.

Background technique

In 1809, Russian scholar Reuss discovered the electroosmotic phenomenon caused by electrification in the soil, and then triggered a lot of research on electroosmotic phenomena. In 1938, Cassagrande applied the electroosmotic method to practical engineering for the first time. By applying an external electric field in the foundation, the pore water in the soil was gradually moved to the cathode and discharged, so as to achieve the effect of consolidating the drainage and improving the strength of the foundation. Subsequently, electroosmosis began to be gradually studied and applied in various countries as a soft soil foundation treatment technology. The study found that the electro-osmotic coefficient of soft clay is stable and basically maintained in the range of 10 ^-5 ~ 10 ^-4 cm ² /v·s. Good results.

The electroosmosis method consumes a lot of electric energy during the application process, which makes electroosmosis become a costly soft soil foundation treatment method. Moreover, the electroosmosis method is mainly used in soft clay foundations with small permeability coefficient and low strength. Most of these sites are distributed in the coastal areas of my country, and most of them are concentrated in the south of my country. Many of them are far away from cities and are relatively remote. In order to use the electroosmosis method to treat these soft soil foundations, it is necessary to transport the supporting facilities to these sites, and it is necessary to set up wires to transmit electric energy to the sites that need to be treated. Increased cost of electroosmosis.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for consolidating soft ground with lower cost and energy saving.

A method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground, comprising the following steps: providing a plurality of anode devices and a plurality of cathode devices, wherein the anode devices include an anode, and the cathode devices include a cathode; the anode devices and the cathode The device is driven into the soft ground, and the anode device and the cathode device are arranged regularly; a solar cell is provided, which includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and a plurality of anode devices are connected to the positive electrode, and a plurality of cathode devices are connected to the negative electrode; The relationship between the energy of the solar cell and the intensity of sunlight is used to realize intermittent power supply, and the soft soil foundation is subjected to intermittent electroosmosis treatment for many times to consolidate the soft soil foundation.

The method for consolidating soft ground by solar energy electroosmosis provided by the present invention utilizes solar energy to realize the electroosmotic treatment of soft ground without additional power supply, which greatly reduces the cost of the method for consolidating soft ground; using solar energy and Intermittent energization is realized according to the relationship of sunlight intensity, and the intermittent electroosmotic treatment of soft soil foundation improves the efficiency of electroosmosis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the construction structure of the method for consolidating soft soil foundations by solar electroosmosis provided by an embodiment of the present invention when processing soft soil foundations.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the construction structure when the anode device and the cathode device are arranged to form multiple rows and columns in the method of solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the construction structure when the anode devices are arranged to form a square and the cathode device is located in the center of the square in the method of solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground provided by another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water pump connected to a cathode device in the method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of main component symbols

soft ground 10 Anode device 12 anode 122 Anode attachment 124 Anode lead 126 cathode device 14 cathode 142 Conductive filter cloth 142a Cathode attachment 144 filter cloth 144a bolt 144c cathode lead 146 Solar battery 16 Energy Meter 18 water pump 20 water pipe 202 ground subsidence rod twenty two Node P ₁ , P ₂

The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.

Detailed ways

The method for consolidating soft ground by solar energy electroosmosis provided by the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground, which includes the following steps:

S1: providing a plurality of anode devices 12 and a plurality of cathode devices 14, the anode device 12 includes an anode 122, and the cathode device 14 includes a cathode 142;

S2: Drive the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 into the soft ground 10, and arrange the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 regularly;

S3: providing a solar cell 16, which includes a positive pole and a negative pole, connecting a plurality of anode devices 12 to the positive pole, and connecting a plurality of cathode devices 14 to the negative pole;

S4: Utilize the relationship between the energy of the solar cell 16 and the intensity of sunlight to realize intermittent power supply, and perform multiple intermittent electroosmosis treatments on the soft soil foundation 10. The steps of the intermittent electroosmosis include:

S41: the intensity of sunlight is strong, using the solar cell 16 to absorb solar energy, so that an electric current is generated between the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14, and electroosmotic treatment is performed on the soft ground 10, and moisture is generated in the cathode device 14;

S42: Using a water pump to continuously extract the moisture in the cathode device 14; and

S43: The intensity of sunlight weakens or disappears, and the remaining moisture in the soft soil foundation 10 is evenly distributed again.

In step S1 , the anode device 12 includes an anode 122 and an anode attachment part 124 . The anode 122 and the anode addition part 124 are connected to each other at a node _P1 . The anode 122 is a long strip structure, which can be tubular, columnar, linear and other structures. The material of the anode 122 is metal, which can be copper, iron, alloy and so on. In this embodiment, the anode 122 is a steel bar. The length of the anode 122 is not limited, and can be determined according to the depth of the soft ground 10 to be treated. The anode attachment part 124 is a long strip structure, which can be tubular, columnar, linear and other structures. The material of the anode attachment part 124 is not limited, and may be an insulating material or a conductive material. The insulating material can be plastic, rubber, ceramics and the like. The conductive material can be metal. The material of the anode attachment part 124 may be the same as that of the anode 122 . The length of the anode attachment part 124 is not limited, and can be determined according to the depth of the soft soil foundation 10 . The anode attachment part 124 and the anode 122 may be integrally formed, such as a long steel bar. The length ratio of the anode 122 and the anode attachment part 124 can be adjusted according to the depth of the soft ground 10 . The material of the anode additional part 124 can also be different from the anode 122. In the present embodiment, the anode additional part 124 is a PVC pipe, which is connected with the steel bar anode 122 at the node _P1 , and the length of the anode 122 and the anode additional part 124 is the same .

The cathode device 14 includes a cathode 142 and a cathode attachment 144 . The cathode 142 and the cathode addition 144 are connected to each other at a node _P2 . The cathode 142 is a hollow tubular structure, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the tube wall. The cathode 142 is a metal electrode, and its material can be copper or iron. During the electroosmotic process, the moisture in the soft soil close to the anode 122 is transferred to the direction close to the cathode 142, so that water seepage will occur in the soft soil foundation 10 close to the cathode 142, and the function of the through hole is to allow water to pass through the cathode 142, Stored in the tubular structure of the cathode 142. The arrangement of the through-holes is not limited, and the number of through-holes on each cathode 142 is not limited, as long as it has a good water-permeable effect. The outer diameter of the cathode 142 is not limited, and may be 2 cm to 20 cm. The length of the cathode 142 is not limited, and can be determined according to the depth of the soft ground 10 to be treated. Before the cathode 142 is driven into the soft ground 10 , the cathode 142 is wrapped with a conductive filter cloth 142 a , and then the cathode 142 wrapped with the conductive filter cloth 142 a is driven into the soft ground 10 . The function of the conductive filter cloth 142a is to prevent the soil in the soft soil foundation 10 from penetrating into the cathode 142 through the through holes on the cathode 142, which will affect the performance of the cathode 142. In this embodiment, the cathode 142 is a copper tube, and the surface of the copper tube is wrapped by a conductive filter cloth 142a. The cathode attachment part 144 is a hollow tubular structure, and its outer diameter may be the same as that of the cathode 142 . The material of the cathode additional part 144 is an insulating material. The insulating material can be plastic, rubber, ceramics and the like. The cathode addition part 144 can also be made of conductive material, and when it is a conductive material, the cathode addition part 144 and the cathode 142 are insulated from each other by an insulator 144c. The insulator 144c can be made of materials such as ceramics, wood, and plastic. The length of the cathode additional portion 144 is not limited, and can be determined according to the depth of the soft soil foundation 10 . The tube wall of the cathode additional part 144 may further include a plurality of through holes. When the tube wall of the cathode additional part 144 includes a plurality of through holes, before the cathode device 14 is driven into the soft ground 10, the cathode additional part 144 is wrapped by the filter cloth 144a. The filter cloth 144a may be a conductive filter cloth. The conductive filter cloth should be insulated from the cathode 142 . The filter cloth 144a outside the cathode additional part 144 may also be an insulating filter cloth. The length ratio of the cathode 142 and the cathode additional part 144 can be adjusted according to the depth of the soft ground 10 . In this embodiment, the cathode additional part 144 is a PVC pipe, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the pipe wall. The PVC pipe is wrapped by a conductive filter cloth. The cathode additional part 144 and the cathode 142 have the same length, and the cathode additional part 144 and The cathodes 142 are interconnected by a bolt.

In step S2, the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 are driven into the soft soil foundation 10 and arranged in a certain order to form an array. The anode device 12 is buried in the soft ground 10, the anode 122 is deep away from the surface, and the anode attachment part 124 is arranged close to the surface. The anode 122 and cathode 142 are the same length. The cathode device 14 is buried in the soft soil foundation 10, the cathode 142 is deep away from the ground surface, and the cathode additional part 144 is arranged close to the ground surface. Both the anode 122 and the cathode 142 are located deep in the soft ground 10 . The anode 122 and the cathode 142 are located deep in the soft ground, and the anode 122 and the cathode 142 are located under a plane P, and the plane P is located under the surface of the soft ground. The node P ₁ of the anode 122 and the anode additional portion 124 and the node P ₂ of the cathode 142 and the cathode additional portion 144 are on the same plane P. In this embodiment, the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 are generally parallel to each other and perpendicular to the ground surface of the soft soil foundation 10 . The plane P and the ground surface of the soft ground 10 are parallel to each other. The distance between the plane P and the surface of the soft soil foundation 10 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, preferably, the distance can be 0.5 meters to 2 meters. In the array formed by the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 in the soft soil foundation 10 , the distance between adjacent anode devices 12 and cathode devices 14 is the same, so as to form a uniform electric field in the soft soil foundation 10 . The distance between adjacent anode devices 12 and cathode devices 14 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, preferably, the distance is 0.5 meters to 3 meters. Please refer to FIG. 1 , in the soft soil foundation 10 , the anode devices 12 are arranged to form a plurality of hexagonal units, and the cathode device 14 is located at the center of the hexagonal units, which means that one cathode device 14 corresponds to two anode devices 12 . Please refer to FIG. 3 , in the soft ground 10, the anode devices 12 and the cathode devices 14 are arranged alternately to form a plurality of rows and columns, and the rows and columns are perpendicular to each other, that is, the anode devices 12 and the cathode devices 14 are in one-to-one correspondence. Please refer to Fig. 4, in the soft ground 10, the anode device 12 is arranged to form a plurality of square units, the cathode device 14 is located at the center of the square unit, and the square can be a square or a rectangle, and this arrangement is equivalent to one anode device 12 corresponding A cathode means 14. Of course, the arrangement of the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 in the soft soil foundation 10 is not limited to the above-mentioned several situations, as long as the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 are regularly arranged in the soft soil foundation 10, and the adjacent anode device 12 and The distance between the cathode devices 14 should be equal.

In step S3, the anode device 12 and the cathode device 14 are respectively connected to the solar cell 16 through electrode leads. The electrode leads include an anode lead 126 and a cathode lead 146 . Anode lead 126 is electrically connected to anode 122 , and cathode lead 146 is electrically connected to cathode 142 . The multiple anodes 122 can be electrically connected to the positive pole of the solar cell 16 through multiple anode lead wires 126 respectively; they can also be connected in series through one anode lead wire 126 first, and then connected to the positive pole. The multiple cathodes 142 can be electrically connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell 16 through multiple cathode leads 146 respectively; they can also be connected in series through one cathode lead 146 first, and then connected to the negative electrode. The anode lead wire 126 is inserted into the soft ground and connected to the anode 122 under the soft ground 10 . Preferably, when the anode additional part 124 is a tubular structure, the anode lead 126 can pass through the inner space of the tubular structure and then be electrically connected to the anode 122, so that the anode additional part 124 can also protect the anode lead 126, and The anode lead 126 extends into the interior of the soft ground 10 more easily. The cathode lead 146 is inserted into the soft ground and connected to the cathode 142 under the soft ground 10 . Preferably, since the cathode additional part 144 is a tubular structure, the cathode lead 146 can be electrically connected to the cathode 142 after passing through the inner space of the tubular structure, so that the cathode additional part 144 can also protect the cathode lead 146, and the cathode The leads 146 extend into the interior of the soft ground 10 more easily.

An electric energy meter 18 can be further connected between the cathode 142 and the negative pole of the solar cell 16. The function of the electric energy meter 18 is to detect the electrification between the negative electrode and the negative electrode 142 to determine whether the solar cell 16 is working normally. The electric energy meter 18 may be a voltmeter, an ammeter or a multimeter. In this embodiment, an ammeter is used.

In step S4, a plurality of ground subsidence rods 22 are further installed on the surface of the soft soil foundation 10 . The ground subsidence rods 22 are vertically inserted into the soft ground 10 and evenly distributed on the surface of the soft ground 10 . The function of the ground subsidence bar 22 is to mark the drop range of the soft soil foundation 10 during the consolidation process. The surface of the ground subsidence rod 22 can be provided with scales, so as to clearly observe the extent of the surface drop of the soft soil foundation 10 . The number of ground settlement rods 22 can be determined according to the area of the soft ground 10 to be processed, and generally one ground settlement rod 22 is set in 1 to 2 square meters.

In step S41 , during the day, the solar cell 16 absorbs solar energy to generate electric energy, so that an electric field is generated between the anode 122 of the anode device 12 and the cathode 142 of the cathode device 14 . Since the anode 122 and the cathode 142 are located deep below the surface of the soft soil foundation 10 , and the electric field is located between the anode 122 and the cathode 142 , the electric field is located deep in the soft soil foundation 10 away from the surface. Electroosmosis occurs in the soft soil area covered by the electric field between the anode 122 and the cathode 142, ie the area below the plane P. During the electroosmotic process, the moisture in the soft soil foundation 10 is continuously transferred from the anode 122 to the cathode 142, and the soil of the soft soil foundation 10 gradually produces a negative excess pore pressure, increasing the effective stress and causing the soil to consolidate. At the same time, the moisture in the upper non-electroosmotic part of the soil will gradually move down to the electroosmotic area, and gradually transfer from the anode 122 to the cathode 142 under the action of the electric field. Moisture permeates into the cathode 142 tube through the pores on the cathode 142 . As the electroosmosis proceeds, the interior of the cathode device 14 having a tubular structure stores moisture generated by the electroosmosis.

In step S42 , referring to FIG. 5 , a water pump 20 is further provided, and the water pump 20 includes a plurality of water pipes 202 . Each water extraction tube 202 extends into the cathode assembly 14 . The number of suction pipes 202 and the number of cathode devices 14 can be the same. The water pump 20 can work continuously to continuously draw water from the cathode device 14 . It can also pump water intermittently, that is, when the water is stored to a certain amount, it starts to pump water, and when the water level drops to a certain amount, it stops working. During this process, since the moisture in the soft soil foundation 10 below the plane P is continuously drawn out, the plane P moves downward, thereby causing the soft soil above the plane P to decline as a whole, and the surface of the soft soil foundation 10 drops. The ground settlement bar 22 is used to measure the degree of surface subsidence of the soft ground 10 . Preferably, the water pump 20 may be a solar pump, that is, a water pump that utilizes solar energy to work. In the above process of electroosmotic treatment for consolidating the soft soil foundation 10, different from the electroosmotic treatment of the entire foundation in the prior art, the electric field is applied at a certain depth of the soft soil foundation 10 in the present invention, which can effectively prevent the soft soil foundation from being The cracking phenomenon of the soil treated by electroosmosis and the prevention of its separation from the soft soil and the electrode ensure the efficiency of electroosmosis.

In step S43 , at night, the light disappears, the solar cell 16 no longer generates electric energy, and the electric field between the anode 122 and the cathode 142 disappears. Because in the process of electroosmosis, the moisture in the soft soil foundation 10 transfers from the anode 122 to the cathode 142, generates water storage in the cathode device 14, and is pumped away in the cathode device 14, therefore, after the electroosmosis stops, soil There is a water head gradient from the cathode 142 to the anode 122 in the body, that is, the water content in the soft soil foundation 10 gradually decreases from the cathode 142 to the anode 122 . Therefore, the pore water in the soil slowly migrates from the cathode 142 to the anode 122, so that when the electroosmosis starts again the next day, the pore water in the soil is distributed more evenly, which alleviates to a certain extent the The phenomenon of excessive potential loss caused by too dry improves the efficiency of electroosmosis.

In step S4, the above-mentioned step of intermittent electroosmotic treatment of the soft soil foundation 10 is performed multiple times, that is, the solar cell 16 is kept working for multiple days and nights, or multiple intermittent cycles. When the surface of the soft ground 10 no longer descends or substantially no longer descends, the electroosmosis is stopped.

The method for solar energy electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground provided by the present invention has the following advantages: first, utilize solar cells to convert solar energy into electrical energy and apply it to electroosmotic drainage. Since solar energy is a natural clean energy source, the present invention saves A lot of power, and more environmentally friendly. Second, using the day and night cycle characteristics of solar energy, the intermittent power supply technology in the electroosmosis process can be automatically realized. During the daytime electroosmotic process, as water continues to migrate from the anode to the cathode, negative excess static pore pressure is gradually generated in the soil, increasing the effective stress and causing soil consolidation. At the same time, the water in the upper area of the soil will gradually move downward and be discharged, so that the whole foundation can be treated. After the end of electroosmosis at night, there is a water head gradient from the cathode to the anode in the soil, and the pore water in the soil slowly migrates from the cathode to the anode, so that when the electroosmosis starts again the next day, the pore water in the soil The distribution is more uniform, which to a certain extent alleviates the phenomenon of excessive potential loss caused by the soil near the anode being too dry, and improves the electroosmosis efficiency. Third, the pumping device in the present invention can use solar pumps, and all facilities do not need energy other than solar energy, so the system has long working hours and low maintenance costs. Fourth, this method is simple in construction, does not need to transport power facilities, does not need to lay wires to transport electric energy, and reduces the initial cost of using the electroosmotic method to treat soft soil foundations, especially when dealing with soft soil foundations in remote areas, the cost is greatly reduced . Fifth, after the system is successfully installed, the electroosmotic drainage and consolidation can be started automatically, which saves labor costs. Sixth, facilities such as solar panels and solar pumps can be recycled and reused after electroosmosis, saving energy and environmental protection, and reducing costs.

In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention. Of course, these changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft ground, which may further comprise the steps: providing a plurality of anode means comprising an anode and a plurality of cathode means comprising a cathode; Embed the anode device and the cathode device in the soft soil foundation, and arrange the anode device and the cathode device regularly; providing a solar cell comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode, connecting a plurality of anode means to the positive electrode, and connecting a plurality of cathode means to the negative electrode; The relationship between the energy of the solar cell and the intensity of sunlight is used to realize intermittent energization, and the soft soil foundation is subjected to multiple intermittent electroosmosis treatments to consolidate the soft soil foundation. The steps of the intermittent electroosmosis include: The intensity of sunlight is strong, and solar cells are used to absorb solar energy, so that current is generated between the anode device and the cathode device, electroosmotic treatment is performed on the soft ground, and water is generated in the cathode device; Continuously pumping out moisture from the cathode assembly; and The intensity of sunlight weakens or disappears, and the remaining moisture in the soft soil foundation is redistributed evenly. 2. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anode and the cathode are located in the depth of the soft ground, and the anode and the cathode are located at the lower part of a plane P, and the plane P is located at the soft ground The lower part of the foundation surface. 3. the method for solar electroosmosis consolidation soft soil foundation as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described anode device and cathode device are perpendicular to soft soil foundation surface, and described plane P is parallel to soft soil foundation surface, and plane The distance between P and the surface of the soft soil foundation is 0.5 meters to 2 meters. 4. the method for solar electroosmosis consolidation soft ground as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described anode device comprises an anode and an anode additional part, and anode and anode additional part are connected at P ₁ point, and anode device Buried in the soft soil foundation, the anode is located at a depth away from the surface of the soft soil foundation; the cathode device includes a cathode and a cathode addition part, the cathode and the cathode addition part are connected at point _P2 , and the cathode device is buried in the soft soil foundation , the cathode is located deep away from the surface of the soft ground; points P ₁ and P ₂ are located on the plane P. 5. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cathode is a hollow tubular structure, and the tube wall is provided with a plurality of through holes; the cathode additional part It is a hollow tubular structure, and the tube wall is provided with a plurality of through holes, the outer surface of the cathode is wrapped by a conductive filter cloth, and the material of the cathode additional part is insulating material. 6. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground according to claim 5, wherein the cathode is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the solar cell through a cathode lead, and the cathode lead passes through the inside of the additional part of the protected cathode . 7. the method for solar energy electroosmotic consolidation soft soil foundation as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, in the described step that makes current generation between anode device and cathode device, form electric field between anode and cathode, The electric field is located below the plane P between the cathode and the anode. Electroosmosis occurs in the soft soil area covered by the electric field. During the electroosmosis process, the moisture in the soft soil foundation is continuously transferred from the anode to the cathode. 8. The method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft soil foundations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, after anode devices and cathode devices are embedded in soft soil foundations, the distance between adjacent anode devices and cathode devices is the same , is 0.5 meters to 3 meters. 9. The method for solar electroosmotic consolidation of soft soil foundations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, after the anode device and the cathode device are embedded in the soft soil foundation, the anode devices are arranged to form a plurality of hexagonal units, each The cathode device is located at the center of the hexagonal unit, and one cathode device corresponds to two anode devices. 10. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the soft ground, the anode devices and the cathode devices are alternately arranged to form a plurality of rows and columns, and the rows and columns are perpendicular to each other. 11. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the soft ground, the anode devices are arranged to form a plurality of square units, and the cathode devices are located at the center of the square units. 12. The method for solar electroosmosis consolidation of soft ground according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of continuously extracting the moisture in the cathode device, further comprising providing a water pump, the water pump includes A plurality of water pumping pipes extend each water pipe to the inside of the cathode device and pump out the water inside the cathode device.

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