A kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of liquid-crystal composition, refer in particular to a kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition that can be used for manufacturing IPS mode LCD or FFS mode LCD.
Background technology
Thin Film Transistor-LCD (TFT-LCD), is 21 century one of the most rising technique of display, is all widely used in the field such as notebook computer, LCD TV.TFT-LCD shows at twisted nematic liquid crystal the Active Matrix LCD At of introducing thin film transistor switch on the basis of (TN-LCD) and form, overcome passive matrix show in cross interference, the shortcoming such as quantity of information is few, writing speed is slow, greatly improve display quality, therefore obtained fast development.
The disadvantage of TFT-LCD is visual angle problem, comprises that visual angle anisotropy and angular field of view are little.When user is in the time that the direction of leaving display panel normal is observed, the contrast gradient of liquid-crystal display will obviously decline, and the phenomenon of gray scale and colour reversal also can occur when visual angle is large.Along with the increase of TFT-LCD product size, particularly TFT-LCD are in the widespread use in TV field, it is further serious that visual angle problem becomes.Therefore plane conversion (In-Plane Swiching, the IPS) display format that, has wide view angle feature arises at the historic moment.IPS display format has outstanding angle of visibility characteristic, dynamic definition and color rendition effect, is mainly used in the fields such as space flight that scientific and technological content is higher, medical treatment, design.
IPS display format is that the pair of electrodes of controlling liquid crystal deflecting element is all arranged on same substrate, utilization is applied to transverse electric field between this pair of electrodes controls the state of liquid crystal molecule, liquid crystal molecule is turned at the plane internal rotation that is parallel to substrate, produce twist distortion.The polarizer of this pattern and the direction of analyzer are orthogonal, point to the direction of vowing identical with polarizer direction.In the time not applying voltage, liquid crystal molecule does not rotate, and liquid-crystal display is dark state, demonstrates purer black; When applying after voltage, liquid crystal molecule rotation, light is modulated in the time of the liquid crystal layer by distortion, electric field difference, the transmitance difference of light.
Hyundai company has developed fringe field switching (Fringe Field Switching on the basis of IPS pattern, FFS) display format, produce fringe field by electrode between same plane interior pixel, make the aligned liquid-crystal molecule between electrode and directly over electrode produce rotation conversion at (being parallel to substrate) in-plane, thereby in increasing visual angle, improve the light transmission efficiency of liquid crystal layer.FFS pattern changes the opaque metal electrode in IPS pattern into transparent ITO electrode to increase transmittance, positive and negative electrode is separated to overlapping arrangement by insulation layer simultaneously, has greatly dwindled electrode width and spacing.While applying voltage, be all parallel in the face of panel and rotating at the liquid crystal molecule between electric field action lower electrode and on electrode, guaranteeing at all directions glazing all through the minor axis of liquid crystal molecule, there is no directional dependence and expand visual angle.FFS technology, under the prerequisite that realizes wide visual angle, has realized the good characteristics such as high light transmission efficiency, high-contrast, high brightness, low aberration simultaneously.
Liquid crystal material, as one of important photoelectron material of liquid-crystal display, plays an important role to the performance of improving liquid-crystal display.As demonstration liquid crystal material, necessarily require wider nematic temperature range, higher stability, applicable rotary viscosity and the quick response to electric field.But up to the present, also do not find any single liquid crystalline cpd can reach above-mentioned performance requriements, plurality of liquid crystals compound combination must be become to liquid-crystal composition, can meet the performance requriements of liquid crystal display material.
Because IPS display format, FFS display format are all different from displaying principle, the liquid crystal cell structure of conventional TN display format, so, the requirement of liquid crystal material is also different to TN display format liquid crystal material.In order to reach good display effect, must meet following requirement for the liquid crystal material of IPS display format and FFS display format:
(1) high stability: comprise ultraviolet light stability, thermostability and chemical stability;
(2) optical anisotropy of appropriateness: less Δ n can obtain wider visual angle;
(3) low viscosity: viscosity is lower, the time of response is less, and response speed is faster;
(4) larger dielectric anisotropy: ε is larger for dielectric anisotropy Δ, and the threshold voltage of liquid crystal is less, but ion in liquid crystal material more easily separates out, and becomes free ion and causes resistivity decreased;
(5) wide temperature range: desirable storage temperature range is-40 ℃~100 ℃, generally has for example car-mounted display of special applications, and this temperature may be widened-40 ℃~110 ℃.
In order to realize, IPS pattern shows and FFS pattern shows, and obtain liquid-crystal composition stable, that there is wide visual angle, need to design reactive force between liquid crystal molecule and the systematicness of Liquid Crystal Molecules Alignment, therefore, the liquid crystal material of continually developing new excellent performance has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition IPS mode LCD or FFS mode LCD, that rotary viscosity is low, that respond fast that can be used for manufacturing.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition, comprises the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in formula I, general formula II and general formula III;
Wherein,
R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4respectively H atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1~10, arbitrary group in alkoxyl group that carbonatoms is 1~10 carbon atom or the carbonatoms alkenyl that is 2~10;
Ring A
1, ring A
2, ring A
3, ring A
4, ring A
7it is respectively the arbitrary group in the Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene of singly-bound, trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene or arbitrarily-H quilt-F trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene or the arbitrarily-H quilt-F replacement that replace;
Ring A
5, ring A
6respectively 1. following~4. arbitrary group in described group:
1. non-conterminous-CH arbitrarily in trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene or trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene
2-quilt-O-or-S-replace after form group;
2. the group that in Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene, non-conterminous-CH-quilt-N-forms after replacing arbitrarily;
3. the 2. described group that arbitrarily-H quilt-F replaces;
4. octylene, piperidines-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-base of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylidene, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-ring, naphthalene-2,6-bis-bases, perhydronaphthalene-2,6-bis-bases or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochysene base naphthalene-2,6-bis-bases;
B is the arbitrary group in following groups:
Z
1singly-bound ,-CH
2cH
2-,-COO-,-CF
2o-,-CH
2o-wherein any one;
X
1, X
2, X
3, X
4, X
5, X
6, X
7, X
8, X
9be respectively-H ,-Cl ,-F ,-CN ,-OCN ,-OCF
3,-CF
3,-CHF
2,-CH
2f ,-OCHF
2,-SCN ,-NCS or-SF
5in arbitrary group;
A, b, c, d, e, f, g are respectively the arbitrary integers in 0,1 or 2.
Described liquid-crystal composition comprises the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the general formula III that quality percentage composition is the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in 1%~80% formula I, 1%~70% general formula II and 1%~50%.Wherein, the quality percentage composition of liquid crystalline cpd shown in general formula III is preferably 5%~40%; Most preferably be 10%~30%.
Described liquid-crystal composition is also added with 0.01%~0.5% stablizer of liquid-crystal composition quality sum.
The performance of described liquid-crystal composition meets at least one in following (a)~(d) condition,
(a) optical anisotropy Δ n scope: 0.08~0.13;
(b) dielectric anisotropy Δ ε scope: 6~12;
(c) clearing point c.p. >=95 ℃;
(d) rotary viscosity γ
1≤ 110mpas.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the obtained technical progress of the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition, said composition excellent performance, there is larger positive dielectric anisotropy, less optical anisotropy, very high clearing point, well low-temperature stability and lower rotary viscosity, can maintain high electric charge conservation rate at high-temperature area, maintain response speed faster at low-temperature region, can significantly widen the use temperature of IPS display format or FFS display format, and can guarantee time of response and wider angular field of view faster, be very suitable for IPS display format or FFS display format, be particularly suitable for vehicle mounted IPS liquid-crystal display and the vehicle mounted FFS liquid-crystal display of low voltage drive, there is wide market outlook and using value.
By the adjustment to each constituent mass percentage composition in liquid-crystal composition, liquid-crystal composition can obtain different dielectric anisotropies, optical anisotropy, clearing point and rotary viscosity, be convenient to use under thick at different liquid crystal cells in different driving voltage, the scope of application is very wide.
Shown in formula I, contain benzofurans liquid crystalline cpd, not only there is the necessary general physical properties of liquid crystal material, and to light, thermally-stabilised, there is wider nematic temperature range, the low rotary viscosity γ good with other Compound Phase dissolubilities, especially this compounds has
1characteristic with large dielectric anisotropy (△ ε >0), can effectively reduce the threshold voltage of liquid-crystal composition, accelerate the time of response simultaneously, improve the low temperature mutual solubility of mixed liquid crystal, and then obviously optimize the performance of liquid-crystal composition, be to be highly suitable for low voltage drive, the IPS-TFT of response fast or the liquid crystal monomer of FFS-TFT.
Difluoro methylene ether compound shown in general formula III, has larger nematic temperature range, larger dielectric anisotropy and lower rotary viscosity; It adds effective dielectric anisotropy and response speed of having improved liquid-crystal composition.
Liquid crystalline cpd shown in general formula II and general formula III includes fluorine atom, has the characteristics such as low viscosity, moderate dielectric anisotropy, high resistivity, high electric charge conservation rate, is the main component of TFT liquid-crystal display liquid crystal material.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further details:
In following embodiment, related umber is quality percentage composition, and temperature unit is ℃ that concrete meaning and the test condition of other symbols are as follows:
The crystalline state that S-N represents liquid crystal to nematic fusing point (℃);
C.p. represent liquid crystal clearing point (℃), testing method: DSC quantitative method;
Δ n represents optical anisotropy, △ n=n
o-n
e, wherein, n
ofor the specific refractory power of ordinary light, n
efor the specific refractory power of extraordinary ray, test condition: 589nm, 25 ± 2 ℃, testing tool: Abbe refractometer;
△ ε represents dielectric anisotropy, △ ε=ε
∥-ε
⊥, wherein, ε
∥for being parallel to the specific inductivity of molecular axis, ε
⊥for the specific inductivity perpendicular to molecular axis, test condition: 25 ± 0.5 ℃, 20 microns parallel boxes, testing tool: INSTEC:ALCT-IR1;
γ
1represent rotary viscosity (mPas), test condition: 25 ± 0.5 ℃, 20 microns parallel boxes, testing tool: INSTEC:ALCT-IR1.
A kind of positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition, comprises the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in formula I, general formula II and general formula III;
Wherein,
R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4respectively H atom, the carbonatoms alkyl that is 1~10, arbitrary group in alkoxyl group that carbonatoms is 1~10 carbon atom or the carbonatoms alkenyl that is 2~10;
Ring A
1, ring A
2, ring A
3, ring A
4, ring A
7it is respectively the arbitrary group in the Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene of singly-bound, trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene or arbitrarily-H quilt-F trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene or the arbitrarily-H quilt-F replacement that replace;
Ring A
5, ring A
6respectively 1. following~4. arbitrary group in described group:
1. non-conterminous-CH arbitrarily in trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene or trans Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-cyclohexylidene
2-quilt-O-or-S-replace after form group;
2. the group that in Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylene, non-conterminous-CH-quilt-N-forms after replacing arbitrarily;
3. the 2. described group that arbitrarily-H quilt-F replaces;
4. octylene, piperidines-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-base of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-phenylidene, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-bis-ring, naphthalene-2,6-bis-bases, perhydronaphthalene-2,6-bis-bases or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochysene base naphthalene-2,6-bis-bases;
B is the arbitrary group in following groups:
Z
1singly-bound ,-CH
2cH
2-,-COO-,-CF
2o-,-CH
2o-wherein any one;
X
1, X
2, X
3, X
4, X
5, X
6, X
7, X
8, X
9be respectively-H ,-Cl ,-F ,-CN ,-OCN ,-OCF
3,-CF
3,-CHF
2,-CH
2f ,-OCHF
2,-SCN ,-NCS or-SF
5in arbitrary group;
A, b, c, d, e, f, g are respectively the arbitrary integers in 0,1 or 2.
Described liquid-crystal composition comprises the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the general formula III that quality percentage composition is the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in 1%~80% formula I, 1%~70% general formula II and 1%~50%; Wherein, the quality percentage composition of liquid crystalline cpd shown in general formula III preferably 5%~40%, most preferably 10%~30%.
It is the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in the liquid crystalline cpd shown in 28%~60% formula I, 17%~39% general formula II, 20%~33% general formula III that described liquid-crystal composition preferably comprises quality percentage composition.
In described liquid-crystal composition, can also add stablizer, the add-on of stablizer is 0.01%~0.5% of liquid-crystal composition quality sum.Described stablizer is any one or a few in phenol antioxidant and/or benzotriazole category uv-absorbing agent.
The performance of described liquid-crystal composition meets at least one in following (a)~(d) condition,
(a) optical anisotropy Δ n scope: 0.08~0.13;
(b) dielectric anisotropy Δ ε scope: 6~12;
(c) clearing point c.p. >=95 ℃;
(d) rotary viscosity γ
1≤ 110mpas.
Liquid crystalline cpd shown in the preferred I-a~I-h of liquid crystalline cpd shown in described formula I:
Liquid crystalline cpd shown in described general formula II is preferably from the liquid crystalline cpd shown in II-a~II-i:
Liquid crystalline cpd shown in described general formula III is preferably from the liquid crystalline cpd shown in III-a~III-h:
Wherein ,-be (F)-H or-F;
Liquid crystalline cpd shown in described general formula III is most preferably from following compounds:
The following examples 1~10 take respectively the liquid crystalline cpd shown in formula I, II, III in proportion, are prepared into liquid-crystal composition.The various liquid crystal monomers that use all can synthesize by known method, or obtain by commercial sources.The preparation method of liquid-crystal composition takes ordinary method, for example, at high temperature the liquid crystal monomer of various components is dissolved in solvent and is mixed, and then under reduced pressure, steams and desolventizes, and obtains liquid-crystal composition; Or take the methods such as heating, ultrasonic wave, suspension that liquid crystal monomer is mixed in proportion and is made.The liquid-crystal composition of gained is filled in and between liquid-crystal display two substrates, carries out performance test.The performance parameter test result of the liquid-crystal composition of the monomer structure of particular compound, consumption (quality percentage composition), gained is all listed in table.The corresponding embodiment 1~10 in table 1~10.
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 1 embodiment 1 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 2 embodiment 2 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 3 embodiment 3 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 4 embodiment 4 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 5 embodiment 5 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 7 embodiment 7 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 8 embodiment 8 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 9 embodiment 9 and performance perameter thereof
The component proportion of the liquid-crystal composition of table 10 embodiment 10 and performance perameter thereof
From the performance perameter of the liquid-crystal composition shown in embodiment 1~10, positive dielectric anisotropy liquid crystal composition of the present invention has larger positive dielectric anisotropy, less optical anisotropy, very high clearing point, good low-temperature stability and lower rotary viscosity, can maintain high electric charge conservation rate at high-temperature area, maintain response speed faster at low-temperature region, be very suitable for IPS display format or FFS display format.The use of liquid-crystal composition of the present invention, can significantly widen the use temperature of IPS display format or FFS display format, and can guarantee time of response and wider angular field of view faster, the vehicle-mounted IPS and the vehicle-mounted FFS that are particularly suitable for low voltage drive show, have broad application prospects and using value.
Although the present invention has only enumerated particular compound and the proportioning consumption (quality percentage composition) thereof of above-mentioned 10 embodiment, and carry out performance test, but liquid-crystal composition of the present invention can be on the basis of above-described embodiment, utilize formula I involved in the present invention, II, the liquid crystalline cpd of III representative, and formula I, II, III preferably, the most preferred liquid crystalline cpd of general formula III is further expanded and revises, and add on this basis stablizer, by mutual-through type I, II, the liquid crystalline cpd of III representative and the consumption of stablizer are suitably adjusted, can reach object of the present invention to equal.