CN103894755A - Welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing and igniting agent thereof - Google Patents
Welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing and igniting agent thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103894755A CN103894755A CN201410090311.1A CN201410090311A CN103894755A CN 103894755 A CN103894755 A CN 103894755A CN 201410090311 A CN201410090311 A CN 201410090311A CN 103894755 A CN103894755 A CN 103894755A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3093—Fe as the principal constituent with other elements as next major constituents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing and an igniting agent of the welding flux. The welding flux and the igniting agent aim to solve the problems that supply of welding fluxes special for heat-released jointing of ferrum-based materials is not enough, welding joints acquired through prior heat-released jointing welding fluxes contain impurities, large residual stress is caused by difference in coefficients of thermal expansion, and welding joint performance is poor. The welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing is composed of ferric oxide powder, 304 stainless steel powder, commercial-purity aluminum powder, niobium powder, copper powder, ferrosilicon powder, ferromanganese powder, fluorite powder, marble powder and lanthanum-cerium alloy powder. The igniting agent of the welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing is composed of magnesium powder, barite powder, commercial-purity aluminum powder, red phosphorus powder and fluorite powder. In the using process, the weight ratio of the welding flux used for ferrum-based material heat-released jointing to the igniting agent is (50-60):1. The welding flux and the igniting agent are used for ferrum-based material jointing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to put heat weldable scolder and detonator thereof.
Background technology
Iron is one of chief component composition of the earth's crust, wide at occurring in nature distributed pole.People very early by ironware for the production of and daily life, the modern industry revolution at the beginning, just starts to depend on a large scale this metal.Along with scientific and technical development, various new materials come out, and progressively expand range of application.But due to cost and the production capacity problem of new material, iron (as mild steel, high-carbon steel, stainless steel and other iron-base materials with high alloying elements) still occupies absolute advantage in the world.Iron application is extremely wide, in construction production process, will inevitably relate to connectivity problem.Conventional welding technology needs higher energy input and comparatively strict execution conditions, and the application in operating efficiency and at the scene construction and field repairing is restricted.The high temperature that heat release weldering utilizes thermit reaction to produce makes active stronger aluminium by iron oxide reduction in resistant to elevated temperatures graphite jig, produces superelevation hot iron liquid motlten metal, utilizes the mold cavity of definite shape, size to complete the welding method of fusion splice.Heat release soldering equipment is simple, quick and convenient, cost is lower, is applicable to being applied in the simple and crude condition of site operation and field repairing.Heat release weldering welding material is made up of hot melt scolder and detonator, and detonator mainly plays the effect of ignition reaction, and the performance of welding point is mainly determined by the composition of scolder.
Heat release weldering welding temperature is higher, and weld interval is shorter, and is easily attended by entering of impurity element and other harmful element, causes being difficult to obtain well behaved joint.Main cause is that to put heat weldable moment heat production very large, in weld seam, easily produce thick pro-eutectoid ferrite and the thick column crystal along cooling direction growth, easily there is segregation in some impurity elements simultaneously, assemble at column crystal grain boundaries, reduce intercrystalline bond strength, make the plasticity degradation of welding point, fragility increases.In welding process, also easily introduce the impurity such as nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus, make the embrittlement of joint generation timeliness, increase the fire check sensitiveness in welding process; The shorter setting time of heat release weldering makes hydrogen that liquid metal dissolves, oxygen, nitrogen etc. be difficult for separating out, and causes pore; Because heat release weldering welding process cannot effectively be protected in butt joint, be easy to make alloying element generation oxidization burning loss in addition, weakened the invigoration effect of alloying element, seam organization intensity is seriously reduced.Current heat release weldering scolder focuses mostly in the welding of copper and copper alloy, does not also have iron to put heat weldable special scolder.It is a kind of take cupric oxide (CuO) powder and aluminium (Al) powder as main that publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN1069215A discloses, and add fine copper (Cu) powder, calcirm-fluoride (CaF
2) powder, silico-calcium (Ca
28si
60) powder is as the hot melt scolder of additive composition; The welding point that this hot melt scolder obtains contains impurity element hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus, and welding quality, the stability of butt joint have adverse influence, still need to carry out purified treatment in postwelding butt joint.Publication number is that the Chinese patent of CN102267024A discloses a kind of weldering of the heat release for system power ground scolder, zinc (Zn) powder, zirconium (Zr) powder raising joint alloying effect are added on this basis, and add ferrosilicon and rare earth element butt joint to purify, play certain effect.But still lack the method for effectively removing S, P impurity, and this patent is mainly for the welding of system copper alloy power ground, in the time that iron is welded, can cause producing larger residual stress in joint due to the difference of copper and iron thermal coefficient of expansion, reduce the performance of joint.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the vacancy that will solve iron heat release and weld special scolder, and contain impurity in the welding point that existing heat release weldering scolder obtains, thermal expansion coefficient difference causes larger residual stress, cause the poor problem of property of welded joint, put heat weldable scolder and detonator thereof thereby provide one to be exclusively used in iron.
Of the present inventionly a kind ofly put heat weldable scolder for iron and formed by the brown iron oxide of 45～55 parts, 304 stainless steel powders of 20～30 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the niobium powder of 2～5 parts, the copper powder of 1～2 part, the ferrosilicon powder of 2～3 parts, the ferromanganese powder of 1～2 part, the fluorspar powder of 1～3 part, the marble powder of 2～4 parts and the lanthanum cerium alloy powder of 1～2 part by weight;
In described 304 stainless steels, the quality percentage composition of chromium element is 18%～20%, nickel element quality percentage composition is 8%～12%;
In described ferrosilicon powder, the quality percentage composition of silicon is 14%～16%;
In described ferromanganese powder, the quality percentage composition of manganese is 80%～87%;
In described lanthanum cerium alloy powder, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 62%～68%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 32%～38%;
Described a kind of preparation method of putting heat weldable scolder for iron carries out according to the following steps:
One, take by weight the brown iron oxide of 45～55 parts, 304 stainless steel powders of 20～30 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the niobium powder of 2～5 parts, the copper powder of 1～2 part, the ferrosilicon powder of 2～3 parts, the ferromanganese powder of 1～2 part, the fluorspar powder of 1～3 part, the marble powder of 2～4 parts and the lanthanum cerium alloy powder of 1～2 part;
Two, the brown iron oxide, stainless steel powder and the technical pure aluminium powder that step 1 are taken join in mixer, mix after 6min～10min, the ferrosilicon powder, ferromanganese powder, fluorspar powder and the marble powder that step 1 are taken join in mixer again, continue to mix after 6min～10min, the niobium powder and the copper powder that step 1 are taken join in mixer again, continue to mix after 6min～10min, the lanthanum cerium alloy powder again step 1 being taken joins in mixer, continue to mix after 6min～10min, obtain putting heat weldable scolder for iron.
Above-mentioned a kind of detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron is made up of the magnesium powder of 15～20 parts, the blanc fixe of 40～50 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the red phosphorus powder of 5～10 parts and the fluorspar powder of 2～5 parts by weight; When use for iron put heat weldable scolder and detonator mass ratio be (50～60): 1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: one, adopt croci and commercial-purity aluminium powder generation thermit reaction in the present invention.Because thermit reaction speed is fast, thermal discharge is large, easily produces blast, threatens welding operation personnel's personal safety, therefore adds a certain amount of 304 stainless steel powders to control course of reaction, plays cooling effect; Nickel in stainless steel powder, the quenching degree that chromium element can improve weld metal, suppress the formation of pro-eutectoid ferrite, promote the formation of acicular ferrite, two-way interaction can also further reduce the transition temperature of acicular ferrite, make the acicular ferrite changing at a lower temperature there is higher dislocation density, thereby make weld metal have good tough ratio, nickel, chromium element can also improve the corrosion resistance of weld seam simultaneously; In welding process, scolder product is in molten condition, and stainless steel powder melts completely, both can play cooling effect, can make again nickel, chromium element performance beneficial effect wherein, and add iron powder, nickel powder and chromium powder cost lower than separately, and scolder stores convenient.Niobium is strong carbide element, large with carbon affinity, can form hardness in a large number, fusing point is high, and the MC carbide of good stability promotes austenite forming core, thinning microstructure; Meanwhile, niobium element can obviously change the distribution of C between Carbide Phases and matrix solid solution, makes the poor carbon of matrix, and suppresses separating out of weak carbide, makes carbide be inclined to little chromium element solid solution in matrix; Nickel in niobium and stainless steel powder, chromium element interact and can in High Carbon Weld Metal, obtain a large amount of diffusion carbides and low-carbon martensite.High lanthanum and the cerium of chemism in lanthanum cerium alloy, can interact with alloying element, the objectionable impurities such as oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus are had to stronger affinity, can purify welding point, improve the tissue of weld seam and the form of field trash and distribution, avoid between dendrite or grain boundaries generation low melting eutectics tissue, reduced the hot cracking tendency of weld seam; Lanthanum can form high melting compound with impurity, for weld seam crystallization provides forming core point, and crystal grain thinning, the toughness of increase weld seam; Lanthanum element can also reduce the activity of hydrogen in aluminium liquid effectively, reduces the pressure that Gaseous Hydrogen is separated out, and reduces hydrogen and causes pin hole and pore, reduces to a certain extent the adverse effect of wet environment to welding.Element silicon in ferrosilicon is for weld seam deoxidation; Manganese in ferromanganese can play the effect of desulfurization and deoxidation, reduces hot cracking tendency.Copper powder can interact with the sulphur do not removed completely in weld seam, significantly improves the weather-resistance of joint.Marble powder is for slag making, and the harm that can alleviate hydrogen, sulphur, phosphorus; Fluorite mainly plays the effect of slag making and shoddye, also can reduce the content of hydrogen, further reduces the harm of impurity element Welded Joints.
Two, the present invention is put heat weldable scolder, at daily transportation storage process, chemical reaction can not occurred for iron, chemical reaction only could occur after detonator ignites to complete welding process.The present invention is the special scolder of iron, remarkably productive with respect to other heat release weldering scolder, and cost is lower, and transportation and storage safe are convenient.Welding of putting heat weldable scolder and be applicable to any iron (steel, galvanized steel, copper covered steel, stainless steel) for iron of the present invention, can be widely used in railroad rails, Intelligent Building construction, petroleum chemical engineering construction etc. and be permitted many-sided welding.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment a kind of put heat weldable scolder for iron and be made up of the brown iron oxide of 45～55 parts, 304 stainless steel powders of 20～30 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the niobium powder of 2～5 parts, the copper powder of 1～2 part, the ferrosilicon powder of 2～3 parts, the ferromanganese powder of 1～2 part, the fluorspar powder of 1～3 part, the marble powder of 2～4 parts and the lanthanum cerium alloy powder of 1～2 part by weight;
In described 304 stainless steels, the quality percentage composition of chromium element is 18%～20%, nickel element quality percentage composition is 8%～12%;
In described ferrosilicon powder, the quality percentage composition of silicon is 14%～16%;
In described ferromanganese powder, the quality percentage composition of manganese is 80%～87%;
In described lanthanum cerium alloy powder, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 62%～68%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 32%～38%.
In present embodiment, adopt croci and commercial-purity aluminium powder generation thermit reaction.Because thermit reaction speed is fast, thermal discharge is large, easily produces blast, threatens welding operation personnel's personal safety, therefore adds a certain amount of 304 stainless steel powders to control course of reaction, plays cooling effect; Nickel in stainless steel powder, the quenching degree that chromium element can improve weld metal, suppress the formation of pro-eutectoid ferrite, promote the formation of acicular ferrite, two-way interaction can also further reduce the transition temperature of acicular ferrite, make the acicular ferrite changing at a lower temperature there is higher dislocation density, thereby make weld metal have good tough ratio, nickel, chromium element can also improve the corrosion resistance of weld seam simultaneously; In welding process, scolder product is in molten condition, and stainless steel powder melts completely, both can play cooling effect, can make again nickel, chromium element performance beneficial effect wherein, and add iron powder, nickel powder and chromium powder cost lower than separately, and scolder stores convenient.Niobium is strong carbide element, large with carbon affinity, can form hardness in a large number, fusing point is high, and the MC carbide of good stability promotes austenite forming core, thinning microstructure; Meanwhile, niobium element can obviously change the distribution of C between Carbide Phases and matrix solid solution, makes the poor carbon of matrix, and suppresses separating out of weak carbide, makes carbide be inclined to little chromium element solid solution in matrix; Nickel in niobium and stainless steel powder, chromium element interact and can in High Carbon Weld Metal, obtain a large amount of diffusion carbides and low-carbon martensite.High lanthanum and the cerium of chemism in lanthanum cerium alloy, can interact with alloying element, the objectionable impurities such as oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus are had to stronger affinity, can purify welding point, improve the tissue of weld seam and the form of field trash and distribution, avoid between dendrite or grain boundaries generation low melting eutectics tissue, reduced the hot cracking tendency of weld seam; Lanthanum can form high melting compound with impurity, for weld seam crystallization provides forming core point, and crystal grain thinning, the toughness of increase weld seam; Lanthanum element can also reduce the activity of hydrogen in aluminium liquid effectively, reduces the pressure that Gaseous Hydrogen is separated out, and reduces hydrogen and causes pin hole and pore, reduces to a certain extent the adverse effect of wet environment to welding.Element silicon in ferrosilicon is for weld seam deoxidation; Manganese in ferromanganese can play the effect of desulfurization and deoxidation, reduces hot cracking tendency.Copper powder can interact with the sulphur do not removed completely in weld seam, significantly improves the weather-resistance of joint.Marble powder is for slag making, and the harm that can alleviate hydrogen, sulphur, phosphorus; Fluorite mainly plays the effect of slag making and shoddye, also can reduce the content of hydrogen, further reduces the harm of impurity element Welded Joints.
Present embodiment is put heat weldable scolder for iron can there is not chemical reaction at daily transportation storage process, chemical reaction only could occur after detonator ignites to complete welding process.Present embodiment is the special scolder of iron, remarkably productive with respect to other heat release weldering scolder, and cost is lower, and transportation and storage safe are convenient.The welding of putting heat weldable scolder and be applicable to any iron (steel, galvanized steel, copper covered steel, stainless steel) for iron of present embodiment, can be widely used in railroad rails, Intelligent Building construction, petroleum chemical engineering construction etc. and be permitted many-sided welding.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one: the granularity of described brown iron oxide is 60 order～270 orders; Quality percentage composition >=99% of iron oxide in brown iron oxide.Other are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one: the granularity of described brown iron oxide is 200 orders; In brown iron oxide, the quality percentage composition of iron oxide is 99.5%.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to three: the granularity of 304 described stainless steel powders is 30 order～60 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of 304 stainless steel powders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to three: the granularity of 304 described stainless steel powders is 50 orders, the quality percentage composition of 304 stainless steel powders is 99.6%.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment six: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to five: the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 60 order～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of aluminium in technical pure aluminium powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to five: the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 80 orders, in technical pure aluminium powder, the quality percentage composition of aluminium is 99.8%.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
The specific embodiment eight: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to seven: the granularity of described niobium powder is 60～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of niobium in niobium powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to seven.
The specific embodiment nine: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to seven: the granularity of described niobium powder is 80 orders, in niobium powder, the quality percentage composition of niobium is 99.8%.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to seven.
The specific embodiment ten: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to nine: the granularity of described copper powder is 60～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of copper in copper powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to nine.
The specific embodiment 11: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to nine: the granularity of described copper powder is 80 orders, in copper powder, the quality percentage composition of copper is 99.9%.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to nine.
The specific embodiment 12: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 11: the granularity of described ferrosilicon powder is 60～100 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 11.
The specific embodiment 13: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 11: the granularity of described ferrosilicon powder is 80 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 11.
The specific embodiment 14: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 13: the granularity of described manganese powder is 60 order～100 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 13.
The specific embodiment 15: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 13: the granularity of described ferromanganese powder is 80 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 13.
The specific embodiment 16: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 15: the granularity of described fluorspar powder is 60 order～100 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 15.
The specific embodiment 17: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 15: the granularity of described fluorspar powder is 80 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 15.
The specific embodiment 18: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 17: the granularity of described marble powder is 60 order～100 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 17.
The specific embodiment 19: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 17: the granularity of described marble powder is 80 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 17.
The specific embodiment 20: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 19: the granularity of described lanthanum cerium alloy powder is 100 order～150 orders; Quality percentage composition >=99% of lanthanum cerium alloy in lanthanum cerium alloy powder; In lanthanum cerium alloy, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 62%～68%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 32%～38% in lanthanum cerium alloy powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 19.
The specific embodiment 21: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to 19: the granularity of described lanthanum cerium alloy powder is 120 orders; In lanthanum cerium alloy powder, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum cerium alloy is 99.8%; In lanthanum cerium alloy powder, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 65%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 35% in lanthanum cerium alloy powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 19.
The specific embodiment 22: a kind of detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron of the specific embodiment one is made up of the magnesium powder of 15～20 parts, the blanc fixe of 40～50 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the red phosphorus powder of 5～10 parts and the fluorspar powder of 2～5 parts by weight; When use for iron put heat weldable scolder and detonator mass ratio be (50～60): 1.:
Present embodiment and the specific embodiment one a kind of put for iron the detonator that heat weldable scolder is used in conjunction with and used magnesium powder, be easier to light, light a large amount of heat of rear release, impel aluminium powder and blanc fixe generation vigorous reaction and aggravate the burning of red phosphorus, utilize the heat of its release to light the thermit reaction of solder flux, realize welding process; Detonator chemical stability is good, can not blast because of collision or vibrations in the processes such as its accumulating operation.
The specific embodiment 23: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment 22: the granularity of described magnesium powder is 150 order～200 orders, quality percentage composition >=98% of magnesium in magnesium powder.Other is identical with the specific embodiment 22.
The specific embodiment 24: present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment 22: the granularity of described magnesium powder is 180 orders, in magnesium powder, the quality percentage composition of magnesium is 99%.Other is identical with the specific embodiment 22.
The specific embodiment 25: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 24: the granularity of described blanc fixe is 150 order～200 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 24.
The specific embodiment 26: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 24: the granularity of described blanc fixe is 180 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to 24.
The specific embodiment 27: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 26: the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 30 order～60 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of aluminium in technical pure aluminium powder.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 26.
The specific embodiment 28: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 26: the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 50 orders, in technical pure aluminium powder, the quality percentage composition of aluminium is 99.5%.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 26.
The specific embodiment 29: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 28: the granularity of described red phosphorus powder is 150 order～200 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 28.
The specific embodiment 30: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 28: the granularity of described red phosphorus powder is 180 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 28.
The specific embodiment 31: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 30: the granularity of described fluorspar powder is 60 order～100 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 30.
The specific embodiment 32: present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment 22 to 30: the granularity of described fluorspar powder is 80 orders.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment 22 to 30.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect:
Test one: one, take by ratio of weight and the number of copies ferromanganese powder, 2 parts of fluorspar powders, 3 parts of marble powders and 1.5 parts of lanthanum cerium alloy powder that the quality percentage composition of the ferrosilicon powder that the quality percentage composition of the brown iron oxide of 50 parts, 304 stainless steel powders of 25 parts (the quality percentage composition of chromium is 18%, nickel quality percentage composition be 8%), the technical pure aluminium powder of 17 parts, the niobium powder of 3 parts, the copper powder of 1.5 parts, 2.5 parts of silicon is 15%, 1.5 parts of manganese is 85%;
Two, the brown iron oxide that step 1 is taken, stainless steel powder and aluminium powder join in WH-500 bipyramid efficient material mixer, mix after 10min, the ferrosilicon powder again step 1 being taken, ferromanganese powder, fluorspar powder and marble powder join in WH-500 bipyramid efficient material mixer, continue to mix after 10min, the niobium powder again step 1 being taken and copper powder join in WH-500 bipyramid efficient material mixer, continue to mix after 10min, the lanthanum cerium alloy powder again step 1 being taken joins in WH-500 bipyramid efficient material mixer, continue to mix after 10min, obtain putting heat weldable scolder for iron.
Described WH-500 bipyramid efficient material mixer is that Wuxi City Hao Hao powder equipment factory produces.
With the putting for iron the detonator that heat weldable scolder is used in conjunction with and formed by the magnesium powder of 18 parts, the blanc fixe of 45 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 18 parts, the red phosphorus powder of 8 parts and the fluorspar powder of 4 parts by ratio of weight and the number of copies of this test; The mass ratio of putting heat weldable scolder and detonator for iron when use is 55:1.
The preparation method of putting the detonator of heat weldable scolder for iron of this test is: take by ratio of weight and the number of copies the magnesium powder of 18 parts, the blanc fixe of 45 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 18 parts, the red phosphorus powder of 8 parts and the fluorspar powder of 4 parts, mix, obtain and put the detonator that heat weldable scolder is used in conjunction with for iron.
Utilize the method for putting heat weldable scolder and detonator sweat soldering iron for iron of this test to carry out according to the following steps: according to the mass ratio 55:1 of putting heat weldable scolder and detonator for iron, take respectively for iron and put heat weldable scolder and detonator, to be used for iron puts heat weldable scolder and is placed in graphite weld mold die cavity, detonator be placed on scolder above and drawout, ignite after detonator with electronic ignition device, reaction liberated heat makes scolder be melt into ferroalloy at weld, within 10 seconds, the ferroalloy of melting is cooling, complete welding process.
The welding point obtaining is carried out to tension test, and the tensile strength of joint, up to 550MPa, can reach 90% of mother metal performance.
In this test, stainless steel powder adds, the thermit reaction of vigorous reaction is had to certain cooling effect, prevent the blast too acutely producing because of course of reaction, ensure welding operation personnel's personal safety, nickel in stainless steel powder and chromium can also improve the quenching degree of weld metal simultaneously, make weld metal there is good tough ratio, improve the corrosion resistance of weld seam.Adding of niobium, can promote austenite forming core, thinning microstructure, and the while mutually promotes and in weld seam, obtains a large amount of diffusion carbides and low-carbon martensite with nickel, chromium in stainless steel powder.Adding of lanthanum cerium alloy, can interact with alloying element, improves the tissue of weld seam and the form of field trash and distribution, thereby improves the toughness of weld seam; Play the effect of deoxidation, desulfurization, removal objectionable impurities, Welded Joints purifies, and has reduced the hot cracking tendency of welding point simultaneously; Also can suppress to occur that hydrogen causes pin hole and pore in joint, reduce the sensitiveness of welding process to wet environment.Element silicon in ferrosilicon makes weld seam deoxidation; Manganese in ferromanganese plays the effect of desulfurization and deoxidation, reduces hot cracking tendency.The sulphur of not removing completely in copper powder and weld seam interacts, and significantly improves the weather-resistance of joint.Marble powder is for slag making, and the harm that can alleviate hydrogen, sulphur, phosphorus; Fluorite mainly plays the effect of slag making and shoddye, also can reduce the content of hydrogen, further reduces the harm of impurity element Welded Joints.
Claims (10)
1. put a heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that putting heat weldable scolder for iron is made up of the brown iron oxide of 45～55 parts, 304 stainless steel powders of 20～30 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the niobium powder of 2～5 parts, the copper powder of 1～2 part, the ferrosilicon powder of 2～3 parts, the ferromanganese powder of 1～2 part, the fluorspar powder of 1～3 part, the lanthanum cerium alloy powder of 1～2 part of marble powder of 2～4 parts by weight;
In described 304 stainless steels, the quality percentage composition of chromium element is 18%～20%, nickel element quality percentage composition is 8%～12%;
In described ferrosilicon powder, the quality percentage composition of silicon is 14%～16%;
In described ferromanganese powder, the quality percentage composition of manganese is 80%～87%;
In described lanthanum cerium alloy powder, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 62%～68%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 32%～38%.
2. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of described brown iron oxide is 60 order～270 orders; Quality percentage composition >=99% of iron oxide in brown iron oxide.
3. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of 304 described stainless steel powders is 30 order～60 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of 304 stainless steel powders.
4. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 60 order～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of aluminium in technical pure aluminium powder.
5. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of described niobium powder is 60 order～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of niobium in niobium powder.
6. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of described copper powder is 60 order～100 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of copper in copper powder.
7. one according to claim 1 is put heat weldable scolder for iron, it is characterized in that the granularity of described lanthanum cerium alloy powder is 100 order～150 orders; Quality percentage composition >=99% of lanthanum cerium alloy in lanthanum cerium alloy powder; In lanthanum cerium alloy, the quality percentage composition of Ce elements is 62%～68%, the quality percentage composition of lanthanum element is 32%～38% in lanthanum cerium alloy powder.
8. a kind of detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron is made up of the magnesium powder of 15～20 parts, the blanc fixe of 40～50 parts, the technical pure aluminium powder of 15～20 parts, the red phosphorus powder of 5～10 parts, the fluorspar powder of 2～5 parts by weight; When use for iron put heat weldable scolder and detonator mass ratio be (50～60): 1.
9. a kind of detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron according to claim 8, is characterized in that the granularity of described magnesium powder is 150 order～200 orders, quality percentage composition >=98% of magnesium in magnesium powder.
10. a kind of detonator of putting heat weldable scolder for iron according to claim 8, is characterized in that the granularity of described technical pure aluminium powder is 30 order～60 orders, quality percentage composition >=99% of aluminium in technical pure aluminium powder.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112824005A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 国家电网有限公司 | High-conductivity heat-release welding powder suitable for being used in acid soil |
| CN113894463A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant thermite welding flux suitable for U68CuCr steel rail and welding method thereof |
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| CN102528312A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Solder for exothermal soldering of railway track joint, igniting agent and soldering method |
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| CN112824005A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-21 | 国家电网有限公司 | High-conductivity heat-release welding powder suitable for being used in acid soil |
| CN113894463A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-07 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant thermite welding flux suitable for U68CuCr steel rail and welding method thereof |
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| CN103894755B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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