CN108406164A - Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108406164A CN108406164A CN201810319140.3A CN201810319140A CN108406164A CN 108406164 A CN108406164 A CN 108406164A CN 201810319140 A CN201810319140 A CN 201810319140A CN 108406164 A CN108406164 A CN 108406164A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
- B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of welding material, and in particular to Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding and preparation method thereof.The mass percent of constitutional chemistry element is in welding wire：C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.1‑0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05‑0.1%、Cr:20‑25%、Mo:8‑12%、Nb:2‑6%、Ti:0.2‑0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al:0.1‑0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.03 0.08%, rare earth elements RE:0.05‑0.1%、N:30 80ppm, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted；Preparation method includes：(1) vacuum electric furnace melting；(2) VOD external refinings；(3) horizontal casting；(4) tandem rolling；(5) it even pulls out.The welding wire of the present invention has the gas of resistance to activity, and the superperformance of reducing resistance acid medium corrosion, in the welding process, arc stability and slag stripping are excellent, obtains with intensity height, good toughness, resistance to defective, high-temperature cracking resistance, the welding metal of corrosion resistance；Preparation process is simple, and raw material and manufacturing cost are low, environment friendly and pollution-free, is suitble to industrialized mass production, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of welding material, and in particular to a kind of Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technology
Nickel-base alloy bare welding filler metal have the gas of resistance to activity, resistance to caustic medium, reducing resistance acid medium corrosion superperformance,
Have intensity high again, plasticity is good, can cold and hot deformation and machine-shaping and welding feature be therefore widely used in oil
Work, metallurgical, atomic energy, ocean development, aviation solve general stainless steel and other metals, nonmetallic materials in the industry such as space flight
Insurmountable engineering etching problem is a kind of very important corrosion-resistant metal materials.Nickel-base alloy refer to using nickel as base simultaneously
Containing alloying element, and can in some media corrosion resistant alloy.
Using Ni based alloys as the welding material of ingredient, such as be used as chemical complete set of equipments, oil relevant device etc.
The welding of Ni based alloys, highly corrosion resistant austenite stainless steel that structural member uses etc..Alternatively, using Ni based alloys as the weldering of ingredient
Material is connect, the welding of 9%Ni steel that the structural elements such as the storage tank of LNG, liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen etc. use etc. is used as.
In recent years, the special welding material as Ni based alloys is seen, compared with coating electric arc and TIG weld, has used energy
Enough expect that the gas shielded arc welding of the Ni based alloy welding wires of higher operating efficiency is being promoted.Here, having used Ni bases to close
In the gas shielded arc welding of gold solder silk, Ni based alloys are because the fusing point of welding metal is low, slag circle of the gas in solidification
Face is easily captured, has welding metal to be easy to happen arc crater this problem.In addition, also attempting to improve other performances.
A kind of economic and quick process of the built-up welding as material surface modifying, is applied to each more and more widely
During the manufacture of industrial department part is repaired.In order to most effectively play the effect of overlay cladding, it is desirable to the overlaying method of use have compared with
Small base material dilution, higher deposition rate and excellent overlay properties, i.e., high-quality, efficient, low dilution rate technique for overlaying.
Austenitic stainless steel is nonmagnetic and has high tenacity and plasticity, application field extensive.In austenitic stainless steel welding process,
Existing main problem be weld decay, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), welding point fire check and welding point mechanics
Performance Match.Intercrystalline corrosion is the failure mode of austenite stainless steel welding joint danger close, mainly appears on 3 of weld seam
Position is weld intercrystalline corrosion respectively, sensitized zone intercrystalline corrosion and knife-line corrosion on base material.In addition, due in weld deposit process medium carbon steel
Iron be susceptible to reverse osmosis phenomenon, cause face of weld material composition iron content exceeded.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention discloses a kind of Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding and its preparations
There is the gas of resistance to activity, resistance to caustic medium, the superperformance of reducing resistance acid medium corrosion to weld for method, the welding wire
Cheng Zhong, arc stability and slag stripping are excellent, can obtain excellent welding bead construction, obtain with intensity height, good toughness, resistance to lack
Fall into property, high-temperature cracking resistance, the welding metal of corrosion resistance.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding, the mass percent of constitutional chemistry element is in the welding wire：C:≤
0.04%、Mn:0.1-0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-0.1%、Cr:20-25%、Mo:8-10%、Nb:2-
6%、Ti:0.2-0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.03-0.08%, rare earth elements RE:
0.05-0.1%、N:30-80ppm, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted.
Further, the mass percent of constitutional chemistry element is preferably in welding wire：C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.3-0.5%、P:
≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-0.08%、Cr:23-25%、Mo:8-10%、Nb:4-6%、Ti:0.3-0.5%、Cu:
≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.05-0.08%, rare earth elements RE:0.05-0.08%, surplus be Ni and
Its inevitable impurity element is constituted.
Further, rare earth elements RE described above is one or more of Y, Ce, Tb, Nd, La.
Further, the preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) according to the component of weld wire dispensing of design, using vacuum electric furnace melting, temperature is 1210-1250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1-1.5h,
Decarburization, dephosphorization and removal objectionable impurities processing are carried out to molten steel, make C ＜ 0.1%, tapping temperature T >=1250 DEG C, design
Component of weld wire be：
C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.1-0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-0.1%、Cr:20-25%、Mo:8-
10%、Nb:2-6%、Ti:0.2-0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.03-0.08%, rare earth member
Plain RE:0.05-0.1%, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted；
(2) carry out external refining using VOD, purify molten steel, using the decarburization of vacuum oxygen technology and desulfurization, reach S≤
0.001%, and carry out trough casting；
(3) horizontal continuous casting technology is used, Metal in Tundish is further refined, using ultrasound and centrifugal flow tundish, purification
Molten steel eliminates stomata, and inert gas heating is anti-oxidation, and using infrared detection technology the real time measure liquid steel temperature, strand goes out crystallization
1080-1120 DEG C of device temperature；
(4) tandem rolling, Cylindrical Steel Billets on Horizontal Continuous Caster proceed by rolling after cooling；
(5) it even pulls out, in 1000 DEG C of -1050 DEG C of progress protective atmosphere annealing processing, carries out drawing-annealing-drawing cycle
Technique obtains finished product welding wire.
Further, above-mentioned steps（2）Described carries out external refining at 1230-1280 DEG C using VOD, in 1150-
1180 DEG C of progress trough castings.
Further, above-mentioned steps（3）The inert gas is one kind in helium or argon gas, purity >=99.9%.
Further, above-mentioned steps（3）The liquid steel temperature of the measurement is controlled at 1195-1210 DEG C.
Further, above-mentioned steps（4）The tandem rolling temperature is 900-950 DEG C.
Further, above-mentioned steps（5）The protective atmosphere is nitrogen, purity >=99.9%.
Further, above-mentioned steps（5）The diameter of the finished product welding wire is between 1.2-1.6mm.
The present invention has following advantageous effect：
(1) a kind of Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding of the invention, ultralow C, P, S content make deposited metal
Intergranular corrosion resistance ability improves, and cold crack tendency weakens；The Cr Ni ratio alloying elements of high-content make deposited metal while having
Have high tensile strength and good plasticity and toughness, have the gas of resistance to activity, resistance to caustic medium, reducing resistance acid medium corrosion
Superperformance is significantly better than the performance of same class standard welding material.
(2) the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding of the invention, be added rare earth elements RE play deoxidation,
Desulfidation reduces and refines steel inclusion, improves the toughness plasticity of steel, inhibits cyrystal boundary segregation etc..The rare earth of dissolving is changeable
The Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of cementite simultaneously makes carbide spheroidization, refines and be uniformly distributed, in the welding process, arc stability and slag stripping
From excellent, excellent welding bead construction can be obtained.
(3) the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding of the invention reduces in alloy iron content ingredient to 1%
Below with control Si contents to 0.05-0.1%, the reverse osmosis phenomenons of Fe that weld deposit process medium carbon steel occurs are reduced, surface is substantially reduced
Material composition iron content is obtained with intensity height, good toughness, and resistance to defective, high-temperature cracking resistance, the welding of corrosion resistance are golden
Belong to.
(4) preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding of the invention, simple for process, former material
Material is low with manufacturing cost, environment friendly and pollution-free, is suitble to industrialized mass production, remarkable in economical benefits.
Specific implementation mode
Presently in connection with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Various embodiments of the present invention 1-5 and comparative example 1-4（It is compared with embodiment 1）Welding wire in constitutional chemistry element
Mass percent is as shown in table 1：
Table 1
A kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding of embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4, specifically includes
Following steps：
(1) according to the component of weld wire dispensing of design, using vacuum electric furnace melting, temperature is 1210-1250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1-1.5h,
Decarburization, dephosphorization and removal objectionable impurities processing are carried out to molten steel, make C ＜ 0.1%, tapping temperature T >=1250 DEG C, design
Component of weld wire such as table 1；
(2) external refining is carried out at 1230-1280 DEG C using VOD, purifies molten steel, using the decarburization of vacuum oxygen technology and is taken off
Sulphur reaches S≤0.001%, and carries out trough casting at 1150-1180 DEG C；
(3) horizontal continuous casting technology is used, Metal in Tundish is further refined, using ultrasound and centrifugal flow tundish, purification
Molten steel eliminates stomata, anti-oxidation in helium or the argon stream heating of purity >=99.9%, is surveyed in real time using infrared detection technology
Determine liquid steel temperature, control 1195-1210 DEG C of its temperature, strand goes out 1080-1120 DEG C of mould temperature；
(4) tandem rolling, Cylindrical Steel Billets on Horizontal Continuous Caster proceed by rolling at 900-950 DEG C after cooling；
(5) it even pulls out, in the nitrogen protection annealing of 1000 DEG C of -1050 DEG C of progress purity >=99.9%, carries out drawing-and move back
Fire-drawing circulation technology obtains finished product welding wire of the diameter between 1.2-1.6mm.
Performance test：
The welding wire obtained using embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4, is subjected to, evaluation arc stability, slag stripping
Property, upward welding in the vertical position position weld bead shape.It is evaluation tensile strength, toughness, resistance to defective, resistance in addition, as welding metal performance
Heat cracking, corrosion resistance.
Welding operability is evaluated by the fillet welding of upward welding in the vertical position.Specifically, protective gas uses 80% argon gas -20% two
Carbonoxide, with welding current（120-150A）, arc voltage（25-28V）It is welded, evaluation welding operability.
Tensile strength, the toughness of welding metal evaluated according to the experiment of AWS B4.0.
The resistance to defective of welding metal, the RT for carrying out AWS A5.11 test to evaluate.
The high-temperature cracking resistance of welding metal carries out FISCO cracking tests, real immediately for the welding bead surface after welding
Apply and be impregnated with crank detection test, investigation whether there are cracks occur carry out evaluate.
The corrosion resistance of welding metal is evaluated using SATM G48 C methods.
Evaluation criteria is as follows：
Arc stability standard is as follows：
It is spray transfer about arc stability, molten drop is granule and to splash few be extremely well（□）, close to spray transfer
Droplet transfer, it is good to splash fewer（〇）, it is globular transfer, molten drop is big and to occur largely to splash be bad
（×）.
Slag fissility standard：
About slag fissility, it is extremely good that slag is removed naturally（□）, it is good gently to be beaten and removed with hammer
（〇）, it is bad that slag hot glue, which and can not be removed on welding bead surface,（×）.
The weld bead shape of upward welding in the vertical position position：
About the weld bead shape of upward welding in the vertical position position, meet the determinating reference of the fillet weld of AWS A5.34, and become flat weldering
Road shape is extremely good（□）, the determinating reference for meeting the fillet weld of A5.34 is good（〇）, it is unsatisfactory for A5.34's
The determinating reference of fillet weld, the welding bead for becoming convex is bad（×）.
Tensile strength standard：
Tensile strength, it is extremely good that can obtain 700MPa or more（□）, 650-700MPa is good（〇）, it is less than
650MPa is bad（×）.
Toughness standard：
About toughness, evaluated with -196 DEG C of pendulum impact test.It is good that absorption, which can be 60J or more,（〇）, less than 60J's
It is bad（×）.
Resistance to defective standard：
About resistance to defective, it is good to meet the criterion of acceptability of the RT experiments of AWS A5.11（〇）, it is unsatisfactory for AWS A5.11
RT experiment criterion of acceptability be bad（×）.
High-temperature cracking resistance standard：
About high-temperature cracking resistance, evaluated with FISO cracking tests.With welding current 200A, speed of welding 400mm/min
It is tested, it is good that crackle does not occur（〇）, it is bad that crackle, which occurs,（×）.
Corrosion resistance standard：
About corrosion resistance, in ASTM G48 C methods, CPT >=55 DEG C are good（〇）, 55 DEG C of CPT ＜ are bad
（×）.
Overall merit is that welding operability is entirely, and it is √ that welding metal performance, which is entirely 〇, welding operability
Among any one it is above be 〇, and it is 〇 that welding metal performance, which is entirely 〇, welding operability and welding metal performance
Among, have × be ×, these results are shown in table 2.
Table 2：
The welding good operability that can be seen that the embodiment 1-5 for meeting the scope of the present invention from the test result of table 2, is easy to grasp
Make, welding metal is functional, and comparative example leads to welding operability due to the variation of ferro element and other coherent element contents
There is bad result with welding metal performance so that whole synthesis evaluation is poor.
It is enlightenment with above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention, through the above description, relevant staff completely may be used
Without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention', to carry out various changes and amendments.The technical model of this invention
It encloses and is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which its technical scope is determined according to right.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding, it is characterised in that：The quality hundred of constitutional chemistry element in welding wire
Point ratio is：C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.1-0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-0.1%、Cr:20-25%、Mo:
8-12%、Nb:2-6%、Ti:0.2-0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.03-0.08%, rare earth
Elements RE:0.05-0.1%、N:30-80ppm, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted.
2. the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Group in welding wire
It is at the mass percent of chemical element：C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.3-0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-
0.08%、Cr:23-25%、Mo:8-10%、Nb:4-6%、Ti:0.3-0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤
1%、Co:0.05-0.08%, rare earth elements RE:0.05-0.08%, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted.
3. the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of a kind of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described
Rare earth elements RE is one or more of Y, Ce, Tb, Nd, La.
4. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as described in any one of claims 1-3,
It is characterized in that：Specifically comprise the following steps：
(1) according to the component of weld wire dispensing of design, using vacuum electric furnace melting, temperature is 1210-1250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1-1.5h,
Decarburization, dephosphorization and removal objectionable impurities processing are carried out to molten steel, make C ＜ 0.1%, tapping temperature T >=1250 DEG C, design
Component of weld wire be：
C:≤0.04%、Mn:0.1-0.5%、P:≤0.001%、S:≤0.001%、Si:0.05-0.1%、Cr:20-25%、Mo:8-
10%、Nb:2-6%、Ti:0.2-0.5%、Cu:≤0.001%、Al: 0.1-0.3%、Fe:≤1%、Co:0.03-0.08%, rare earth member
Plain RE:0.05-0.1%, surplus are Ni and its inevitable impurity element is constituted；
(2) carry out external refining using VOD, purify molten steel, using the decarburization of vacuum oxygen technology and desulfurization, reach S≤
0.001%, and carry out trough casting；
(3) horizontal continuous casting technology is used, Metal in Tundish is further refined, using ultrasound and centrifugal flow tundish, purification
Molten steel eliminates stomata, and inert gas heating is anti-oxidation, and using infrared detection technology the real time measure liquid steel temperature, strand goes out crystallization
1080-1120 DEG C of device temperature；
(4) tandem rolling, Cylindrical Steel Billets on Horizontal Continuous Caster proceed by rolling after cooling；
(5) it even pulls out, in 1000 DEG C of -1050 DEG C of progress protective atmosphere annealing processing, carries out drawing-annealing-drawing cycle
Technique obtains finished product welding wire.
5. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In：Step（2）Described carries out external refining at 1230-1280 DEG C using VOD, and tundish is carried out at 1150-1180 DEG C and is poured
Casting.
6. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
Step（3）The inert gas is one kind in helium or argon gas, purity >=99.9%.
7. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In：Step（3）The liquid steel temperature of the measurement is controlled at 1195-1210 DEG C.
8. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
Step（4）The tandem rolling temperature is 900-950 DEG C.
9. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：
Step（5）The protective atmosphere is nitrogen, purity >=99.9%.
10. a kind of preparation method of the Ni-based extraordinary welding wire of high-performance stainless steel built-up welding as claimed in claim 4, feature exist
In：Step（5）The diameter of the finished product welding wire is between 1.2-1.6mm.
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