CN103894468A - Material fluidity control method for metal plate forming - Google Patents
Material fluidity control method for metal plate forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN103894468A CN103894468A CN201410130615.6A CN201410130615A CN103894468A CN 103894468 A CN103894468 A CN 103894468A CN 201410130615 A CN201410130615 A CN 201410130615A CN 103894468 A CN103894468 A CN 103894468A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material fluidity control method for metal plate forming. According to the material fluidity control method, a vortex coil is utilized to induct a vortex in a flange area of a metal plate, and an area generating an induction vortex is disposed in a magnetic field with axial magnetic field components perpendicular to the plate surface; under the joint action of the vortex and the magnetic field, a transverse electromagnetic force, which is parallel to the plate surface and points to a recessed-die cavity from the flange area of the metal plate or points to the flange area of the metal plate from the recessed-die cavity, is generated; the transverse electromagnetic force is matched with an axial forming force, so that control of material fluidity is realized. The transverse electromagnetic force adjustable in space distribution, timing sequence, amplitude and direction is generated in the flange area of the metal plate, so that flexible and multi-freedom-degree control of the material fluidity in metal plate forming is realized, wrinkling and tearing are effectively restrained, and the limit drawing coefficient is improved. The material fluidity control method is simple and can be widely used for assisting in processing of metal plates.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forming manufacturing technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of material flowability control method for metal sheet forming.
Background technology
In sheet metal process (being no matter traditional stamping, the still high-rate forming technology including electro-magnetic forming, explosive forming, electro-hydraulic forming etc.), two kinds of common defects are wrinkling and tear.In the time of material insufficient flow, material will bear excessive tension, constriction occurs in part, and then occur tearing; And flow when excessive when material,, there is wrinkling in material generation plastic instability.For suppressing wrinkling, main method is to increase pressure-pad-force, increases flanging muscle; For suppressing to tear, main method is the greasy property of improving between sheet metal flange and die, blank holder, as makes with lubricator.But it is conflicting suppressing wrinkling tearing with inhibition material here: on the one hand, increase pressure-pad-force, apply the resistance of deformation increase that flanging muscle will cause flange region, and then increase the tension of sheet metal force transmission region, the possibility that increase is torn; On the other hand, improve the greasy property of flange region, reduce pressure-pad-force, can promote the mobile performance of material, but will increase the wrinkling possibility in sheet metal Zhi Bi region again simultaneously.
After all, suppress wrinkling and tear the mobile performance that will reasonably control exactly material.Mainly contain at present following three kinds of methods:
(1) pressure variable edge force control mode.According to different trend wrinkling in Sheet Metal Forming and that tear, adopt different pressure-pad-forces at different strokes, this mode effectively material in control flange region flows, and then avoids the generation of manufacturing deficiency.For example, but in the shaping of pressure variable edge force control mode, stamping, its Limit Drawing ratio can not be too large, the particularly poor material of forming property such as aluminium alloy.Its reason is in the time of the larger sheet metal of shaping drawing, the resistance of deformation of sheet metal is excessive, and then causes the generation of tearing, and the existence of pressure-pad-force has increased by a side-friction resistance in flange region, further strengthen sheet metal resistance of deformation, and then aggravated the possibility of tearing.
(2) apply transverse hydraulic power.For shaping the poor material of performance or carrying out the drawing and forming of large drawing ratio, a kind of existing scheme is to apply transverse hydraulic power, i.e. dual path hydro-mechanical drawing in the outer of flange.The method applies transverse hydraulic power in sheet metal flange outermost, and this transverse hydraulic power, in order to promote flowing of material, can improve Limit Drawing ratio effectively by applying suitable hydraulic coupling.But the method can only apply transverse hydraulic power in sheet metal outermost, and be a surface force, can not realize the control of cross force in flange region spatial distribution.
(3) electromagnetism assistant metal plate stamping (J.Shang, Electromagnetically assisted metal sheet stamping, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2011,211 (5): 868～874).Adopt electro-magnetic forming to realize the control of material flowability, near the less region of strain, apply pulse-electromagnetic force to produce extra distortion.For example, die place below sheet metal flange region embeds solenoid, and blank holder herein reserves certain space, in the time that drift is depressed into a certain position, coil discharge, form little bulge in sheet metal flange region, the dead load imbalance that this little bulge applies drift, and then can be shaped further.The method can be improved the stress distribution in sheet forming process effectively, and then effectively improves Forming depth.But in the time that plate size to be formed is larger, the method is limited to the increasing action of Forming depth, also not obvious to the processing effect of large drawing ratio.
In sum, all there is inherent shortcoming in above method, cannot realize well the Flexible Control of material flowability in metal sheet forming.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of material flowability control method for metal sheet forming, by producing spatial distribution, sequential, amplitude and the adjustable transversal electromagnetic force of direction in sheet metal flange region, realize flexibility, the multifreedom controlling of material flowability in metal sheet forming, effectively suppress wrinkling and tear, improving limit drawing coefficient.The method is simple, can be widely used in assistant metal sheet material processing (traditional punching press, electro-magnetic forming etc.).
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of material flowability control method for metal sheet forming, it is characterized in that, utilize the flange region inductive loop of eddy current coil at sheet metal, and the region that produces inductive loop is placed in to the magnetic field of containing perpendicular to the axial magnetic field component of plate face, under the acting in conjunction in eddy current and magnetic field, generation is parallel to the sensing concave die cavity of plate face or by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with axial plastic force, realizes the control to material flowability.
Preferably, comprise the steps:
(1) sheet metal is placed on die;
(2) blank holder is placed on sheet metal to the embedded eddy current coil of blank holder;
(3) utilize the pulse power to make to flow through in eddy current coil pulse current, thereby when the flange region of sheet metal produces inductive loop, produce the axial magnetic field component perpendicular to plate face, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component, produce and be parallel to the sensing concave die cavity of plate face or by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity;
(4) transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, realizes the control to material flowability.
Preferably, eddy current coil is near the flange outer rim of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force of the sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material.
Preferably, eddy current coil is near the flange inner edge of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation be parallel to plate face by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
Preferably, described eddy current coil is multiple, part eddy current coil is near the flange outer rim of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force of the sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material; Another part eddy current coil is near the flange inner edge of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation be parallel to plate face by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
Preferably, comprise the steps:
(1) sheet metal is placed on die;
(2) blank holder is placed on sheet metal to the embedded eddy current coil of blank holder;
(3) utilize first pulse power to make to flow through in eddy current coil the first pulse current, thereby the flange region at sheet metal produces inductive loop, utilize axial magnetic field device to produce the axial magnetic field component perpendicular to plate face in inductive loop region simultaneously, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component, produce and be parallel to the sensing concave die cavity of plate face or by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity;
Described axial magnetic field device is permanent magnet, electromagnet or axial magnetic-field coil;
(4) transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, realizes the control to material flowability.
Preferably, described axial magnetic field device is axial magnetic-field coil, described axial magnetic-field coil flows through the second pulse current under the effect of second pulse power, thereby generation axial magnetic field, the rise time of described the second pulse current is greater than 10 times of rise time of described the first pulse current, and the described rise time is the 90% required time that rises to pulse current peak from 10% of pulse current peak.
Preferably, in the time that axial magnetic-field coil is positioned at eddy current coil periphery, the sense of current of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force of the sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material;
In the time that eddy current coil is positioned at axial magnetic-field coil periphery, the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force of the sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material.
Preferably, in the time that axial magnetic-field coil is positioned at eddy current coil periphery, the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation be parallel to plate face by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material;
In the time that eddy current coil is positioned at axial magnetic-field coil periphery, the sense of current of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation be parallel to plate face by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
In general, the above technical scheme of conceiving by the present invention compared with prior art, according to the requirement being shaped to flange region material flowability energy, near sheet metal flange region, arrange in advance coil system, by the power-supply system independently controlled to coil discharge, produce spatial distribution, sequential, amplitude and the adjustable transversal electromagnetic force of direction in sheet metal flange region, by the control to transversal electromagnetic force, realize flexibility, the multifreedom controlling of sheet metal plastic fluidity, effectively suppress wrinkling and tear, improving limit drawing coefficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metal sheet forming device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is the material flowability control method principle schematic for metal sheet forming of the embodiment of the present invention one, and wherein, (a) eddy current coil is near sheet metal flange outer rim; (b) eddy current coil is near sheet metal flange inner edge;
Fig. 3 is that the transversal electromagnetic force of the embodiment of the present invention one produces principle schematic, wherein, (a) produces laterally inwardly electromagnetic force, (b) produces laterally outwards electromagnetic force;
Fig. 4 is eddy current coil electric current and the transversal electromagnetic force schematic diagram over time of the embodiment of the present invention one, and wherein, (a) eddy current coil is near sheet metal flange outer rim; (b) eddy current coil is near sheet metal flange inner edge;
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow diagram of realizing metal sheet forming under electromagnetic force laterally inwardly of the embodiment of the present invention one, wherein, (a) is shaped and starts, drift and laterally inwardly electromagnetic force acting in conjunction; (b) in being shaped, drift and laterally inwardly electromagnetic force acting in conjunction; (b) in being shaped, only drift effect; (d) be shaped;
Fig. 6 is the material flowability control principle schematic diagram of the irregular metal sheet material forming of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 7 is the metal sheet forming device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 8 is the material flowability control method principle schematic for metal sheet forming of the embodiment of the present invention two, and wherein, (a) current polarity of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical; (b) current polarity of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is contrary;
Fig. 9 is that the transversal electromagnetic force of the embodiment of the present invention two produces principle schematic, wherein, (a) produces laterally inwardly electromagnetic force; (b) produce laterally outwards electromagnetic force;
Figure 10 is the eddy current coil of the embodiment of the present invention two and the electric current of axial magnetic-field coil and transversal electromagnetic force schematic diagram over time, and wherein, (a) current polarity of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical; (b) current polarity of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is contrary.
The specific embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition,, in each embodiment of described the present invention, involved technical characterictic just can combine mutually as long as do not form each other conflict.
The present invention utilizes solenoid to produce inductive loop in the flange region of sheet metal, and make the region that produces inductive loop be placed in the magnetic field of containing perpendicular to the axial magnetic field component of plate face, under the acting in conjunction in eddy current and magnetic field, generation is parallel to the sensing concave die cavity of plate face or by the outside transversal electromagnetic force of concave die cavity, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force acting on sheet metal, realizes the control of the material flowability to sheet metal flange region.Particularly, in the time that this transversal electromagnetic force points to die hole, can effectively suppress sheet metal and tear in the time being shaped, in the time that this transversal electromagnetic force is outside by die hole, can effectively suppress sheet metal wrinkling in the time being shaped.Therefore, method of the present invention can realize flexibility, the multifreedom controlling to sheet metal plastic fluidity, improves the limit drawing coefficient of metal sheet forming, for the shaping of complex geometric shapes member provides effective solution.
For making those skilled in the art understand better the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming of the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 1, metal sheet forming device comprises drift 1, eddy current coil 2, the first pulse power 4-2, blank holder 6 and die 7.Sheet metal 5 is placed on die 7, and drift 1 and blank holder 6 are placed on sheet metal 5, and drift 1 is corresponding with the die cavity of die 7, and eddy current coil 2 is embedded in blank holder 6, and the first pulse power 4-2 connects eddy current coil 2.
By structure and the spatial distribution of controlled vortex flow coil 2, can regulate and control the distribution of transversal electromagnetic force; By controlling the discharge energy of the first pulse power 4-2, can control the amplitude of transversal electromagnetic force; By controlling the electric discharge sequential of the first pulse power 4-2, can control the effect sequential of transversal electromagnetic force; By changing the relative position of eddy current coil 2 and sheet metal 5, can change direction and the Eddy Distribution of flange region axial magnetic field component, and then can change the direction of transversal electromagnetic force.Accordingly, this device has two kinds of working methods, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2 (a) shows, eddy current coil 2, near the flange outer rim of sheet metal 5, produces laterally inwardly electromagnetic force (pointing to concave die cavity by sheet metal flange region).As shown in Fig. 3 (a), the vertical paper of electric current of eddy current coil 2 is outside, the vertical paper of eddy current of the flange region of sheet metal 5 is inside, there is downward axial magnetic field component in the space magnetic field that eddy current coil 2 produces, eddy current and axial magnetic field component interact, and produce electromagnetic force laterally inwardly in the flange region of sheet metal 5, and this electromagnetic force is pointed to the die cavity of die 7, can promote flowing of flange region material, tear thereby suppress material.Wherein, under an impulse action, eddy current coil electric current and transversal electromagnetic force are over time respectively as shown in 8-1 and 9-1 in Fig. 4 (a).
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), eddy current coil 2, near the flange inner edge of sheet metal 5, produces laterally outside electromagnetic force (pointing to sheet metal flange region by concave die cavity).As shown in Figure 3 (b), the vertical paper of electric current of eddy current coil 2 is outside, the vertical paper of eddy current of the flange region of sheet metal 5 is inside, there is axial magnetic field component upwards in the space magnetic field that eddy current coil 2 produces, eddy current and axial magnetic field component interact, and produce laterally outside electromagnetic force in the flange region of sheet metal 5, and this electromagnetic force is outside by the die cavity of die 7, can hinder flowing of flange region material, thereby it is wrinkling to suppress material.Wherein, under an impulse action, eddy current coil electric current and transversal electromagnetic force are over time respectively as shown in 8-2 and 9-2 in Fig. 4 (b).
Tear as example to suppress sheet metal below, in conjunction with Fig. 5, the detailed process of above-mentioned metal sheet forming mobility control is elaborated.
As shown in Fig. 5 (a), eddy current coil 2 is near the flange outer rim of sheet metal 5.Initial time, sheet metal 5 is in the first state 5-1, drift 1 is slowly motion downwards, drive sheet metal 5 to be out of shape, meanwhile, on eddy current coil 2, produce the pulse current repeating (each pulse duration is hundreds of microseconds by the first pulse power 4-2, after a discharge pulse finishes, by charger to the first pulse power 4-2 quick charge, the rear continuation of having charged is discharged to eddy current coil 2, so repetition pulse electric discharge), pulse current interacts at the eddy current of flange region induction of metal sheet 5 and the axial magnetic field component of the space magnetic field of pulse current, produce the laterally inwardly electromagnetic force of the die cavity that points to die 7.In drift 1 often moves downward the very little displacement time, there is repeatedly laterally inwardly electromagnetic force in the flange region of sheet metal 5, therefore, can think equivalently in the process pressing down at drift 1, the flange region of sheet metal 5 exists a material of trying hard to recommend moving this region laterally inwardly to flow into die 7 all the time.
As shown in Fig. 5 (b), under the acting in conjunction of drift 1 and eddy current coil 2, sheet metal 5 is deformed into the second state 5-2.The flange region of sheet metal 5 is still larger, work-hardening effect in addition, and the resistance of deformation of sheet metal 5 is still larger.Do not tear for assurance sheet metal 5, now, except drift 1 presses down, eddy current coil 2 continues to produce repetition pulse electromagnetic force laterally inwardly in the flange region of sheet metal 5, and the flange region that promotes sheet metal 5 flows into the die cavity of die 7.Especially, can be according to the Changing Pattern of sheet metal resistance of deformation in forming process, the amplitude of regulating impulse electromagnetic force targetedly.
As shown in Fig. 5 (c), sheet metal 5 is deformed into third state 5-3, now sheet metal flange region is enough little, the resistance of deformation of sheet metal 5 is very little, the now electric discharge of stop pulse power supply 4-2 to eddy current coil 2, and then stopping producing transverse pulse electromagnetic force, the plastic force that only relies on drift 1 to provide impels metal sheet forming.
As shown in Fig. 5 (d), under the effect of drift 1, the surplus material of the flange region of sheet metal 5 all flows in die, finally completes the drawing and forming of sheet metal, forms the dark barrier part as the 4th state 5-4.
Especially, metal sheet forming device can comprise multiple eddy current coils, and each eddy current coil can be powered by independent current source, also can, by same Power supply, to realize better the spatial distribution control of electromagnetic force, and then realize the control that the material flowing space distributes.For example, in the position near sheet metal flange outer rim, at least one eddy current coil is set, be used for providing laterally inwardly electromagnetic force, in the position near sheet metal flange inner edge, at least one eddy current coil is set, be used for providing laterally outside electromagnetic force, can process needs according to reality, choose the number of eddy current coil and the position at place thereof, by regulating sequential and the energy of the pulse power that each eddy current coil is corresponding, regulate laterally inwardly electromagnetic force and horizontal outwards amplitude and the action time of electromagnetic force, realize the control to material flowability in metal sheet forming process.
Take irregular metal sheet material as example, the design of eddy current coil is described below.As shown in Figure 6, based on the analysis to sheet metal 5 and die 7 geometry in particular lower flange region deformation the distribution function of resistance features, adopt eddy current coil 2-1, eddy current coil 2-2 realizes the control of material flowability.Wherein, eddy current coil 2-1 is near flange outer edge area, and because the area of its place flange region is larger, the resistance of deformation of sheet metal is larger, by eddy current coil 2-1 in its vicinity flange region produce laterally inwardly electromagnetic force, with promote this region material flow; Eddy current coil 2-2 is near flange inner edge region, and because the area of its place flange region is less, the resistance of deformation of sheet metal is less, by the eddy current coil 2-2 laterally outside electromagnetic force of flange region generation in its vicinity, flows with the material that suppresses this region.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 7, metal sheet forming device comprises drift 1, eddy current coil 2, axial magnetic-field coil 3, the first pulse power 4-2, the second pulse power 4-3, blank holder 6 and die 7.Sheet metal 5 is placed on die 7, drift 1 and blank holder 6 are placed on sheet metal 5, drift 1 is corresponding with the die cavity of die 7, eddy current coil 2 is embedded in blank holder 6, axial magnetic-field coil 3 is arranged on the periphery of eddy current coil 2, its number of turn is generally more, and the first pulse power 4-2 connects eddy current coil 2, the second pulse power 4-3 and connects axial magnetic-field coil 3.
Particularly, the rise time of the second pulse current is greater than 10 times of rise time of the first pulse current, and wherein, the rise time refers to the 90% required time that rises to pulse current peak from 10% of pulse current peak.
Therefore, the very large eddy current acting in conjunction that the larger axial magnetic field that axial magnetic-field coil 3 provides and eddy current coil 2 provide, produces transversal electromagnetic force in the flange region of sheet metal 5, as shown in the 9-4 in the 9-3 in Figure 10 (a) and Figure 10 (b).The plastic force of this transversal electromagnetic force and drift 1 cooperatively interacts, and realizes the control of the material flowability to sheet metal flange region.
By structure and the spatial distribution of controlled vortex flow coil 2 and axial magnetic-field coil 3, and the discharge energy of first pulse power 4-2 and the second pulse power 4-3 and electric discharge sequential, just can realize the cooperation of stroke and transversal electromagnetic force in stamping process, and then realize the mobile control of stamping middle material, effectively improve limit Forming depth.In addition, change the sense of current of eddy current coil 2 or axial magnetic-field coil 3, can change eddy current or axial magnetic field direction, and then change the direction of transversal electromagnetic force, this device has two kinds of working methods, as shown in Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 8 (a), eddy current coil 2 is identical with the sense of current of axial magnetic-field coil 3, produces laterally inwardly electromagnetic force (pointing to concave die cavity by sheet metal flange region).As shown in Fig. 9 (a), the electric current of eddy current coil 2 and axial magnetic-field coil 3 all vertical paper is outside, under an impulse action, curve is respectively as shown in 8-3 and 8-4 in Figure 10 (a) over time for they, and the electric current pulsewidth of eddy current coil 2 is much smaller than the electric current pulsewidth of axial magnetic-field coil 3.The vertical paper of eddy current of the flange region of sheet metal 5 is inside, and the space magnetic field that axial magnetic-field coil 3 produces exists downward axial magnetic field component.Eddy current and axial magnetic field component interact, and produce electromagnetic force laterally inwardly in the flange region of sheet metal 5, and this electromagnetic force is pointed to the die cavity of die 7, can promote flowing of flange region material, tear thereby suppress material.Under an impulse action, transversal electromagnetic force is over time as shown in the 9-3 in Figure 10 (a).
As shown in Figure 8 (b) shows, the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil 2 and axial magnetic-field coil 3, produces laterally outwards electromagnetic force (pointing to sheet metal flange region by concave die cavity).As shown in Figure 9 (b), the vertical paper of electric current of eddy current coil 2 is inside, the vertical paper of electric current of axial magnetic-field coil 3 is outside, under an impulse action, curve is respectively as shown in 8-5 and 8-6 in Figure 10 (b) over time for they, and the electric current pulsewidth of eddy current coil 2 is much smaller than the electric current pulsewidth of axial magnetic-field coil 3.The vertical paper of eddy current of the flange region of sheet metal 5 is outside, and the space magnetic field that axial magnetic-field coil 3 produces exists downward axial magnetic field component.Eddy current and axial magnetic field component interact, and produce laterally outside electromagnetic force in the flange region of sheet metal 5, and this electromagnetic force is outside by the die cavity of die 7, can hinder flowing of flange region material, thereby it are wrinkling to suppress material.Under an impulse action, transversal electromagnetic force is over time as shown in the 9-4 in Figure 10 (b).
Axial magnetic-field coil 3 is powered by the second pulse power 4-3, for obtaining strong axial magnetic field, only need make the peak value of pulse current enough large, and this paired pulses power supply is realized than being easier to, and is conducive to save the energy.As the another kind of implementation of the present embodiment, the second pulse power 4-3 is replaced with to stable state power supply, make to pass through steady-state current in axial magnetic-field coil 3, produce stable axial magnetic field.
In addition, also can be by the position displacement of the eddy current coil in Fig. 72 and axial magnetic-field coil 3, it is the periphery that eddy current coil 2 is placed in axial magnetic-field coil 3, now, the laterally inwardly electromagnetic force of the die cavity of this device generation sensing die 7 and generation are slightly variant by the realization of horizontal outside these two kinds of working methods of electromagnetic force of the flange region of the die cavity sensing sheet metal 5 of die 7, are embodied in:
(1) when the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil 2 and axial magnetic-field coil 3, will produce the electromagnetic force laterally inwardly of pointing to concave die cavity, this electromagnetic force promotes the material of flange region to flow, and suppresses material and tears.
(2) when the sense of current of eddy current coil 2 and axial magnetic-field coil 3 is identical, will produce the horizontal outside electromagnetic force of being pointed to the flange region of sheet metal 5 by die 7 die cavities, this electromagnetic force suppresses flowing of flange region material, suppresses the wrinkling generation of material.
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-is that axial magnetic field component is provided by special axial magnetic field device (axial magnetic-field coil), and its flexibility to material flowability control is higher, better effects if.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, particularly, provide the building mortion of axial plastic force to be not limited to drift, but all can provide for concave die cavity upper metal sheet material the device of axial plastic force, as the form-wound coil in electro-magnetic forming, in hydroforming, provide the device of hydraulic coupling etc.; Axial magnetic field is not limited to the axial magnetic field component of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil, can also be the axial component in the magnetic field of permanent magnet or electromagnet generation.Each coil can be axially symmetric structure, can be also nonaxisymmetric structure.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming, it is characterized in that, utilize the flange region inductive loop of eddy current coil at sheet metal, and the region that produces inductive loop is placed in to the magnetic field of containing perpendicular to the axial magnetic field component of plate face, under the acting in conjunction in eddy current and magnetic field, generation is parallel to being pointed to concave die cavity or pointed to the transversal electromagnetic force of sheet metal flange region by concave die cavity by sheet metal flange region of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with axial plastic force, realizes the control to material flowability.
2. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) sheet metal is placed on die;
(2) blank holder is placed on sheet metal to the embedded eddy current coil of blank holder;
(3) utilize the pulse power to make to flow through in eddy current coil pulse current, thereby when the flange region of sheet metal produces inductive loop, produce the axial magnetic field component perpendicular to plate face, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component, produce and be parallel to being pointed to concave die cavity or pointed to the transversal electromagnetic force of sheet metal flange region by concave die cavity by sheet metal flange region of plate face;
(4) transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, realizes the control to material flowability.
3. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, eddy current coil is near the flange outer rim of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by sheet metal flange region sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material.
4. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, eddy current coil is near the flange inner edge of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by concave die cavity sensing sheet metal flange region of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
5. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described eddy current coil is multiple, part eddy current coil is near the flange outer rim of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by sheet metal flange region sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material; Another part eddy current coil is near the flange inner edge of sheet metal, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component that its flange region at sheet metal produces, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by concave die cavity sensing sheet metal flange region of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
6. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) sheet metal is placed on die;
(2) blank holder is placed on sheet metal to the embedded eddy current coil of blank holder;
(3) utilize first pulse power to make to flow through in eddy current coil the first pulse current, thereby the flange region at sheet metal produces inductive loop, utilize axial magnetic field device to produce the axial magnetic field component perpendicular to plate face in inductive loop region simultaneously, inductive loop and the acting in conjunction of axial magnetic field component, produce and be parallel to being pointed to concave die cavity or pointed to the transversal electromagnetic force of sheet metal flange region by concave die cavity by sheet metal flange region of plate face;
Described axial magnetic field device is permanent magnet, electromagnet or axial magnetic-field coil;
(4) transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, realizes the control to material flowability.
7. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described axial magnetic field device is axial magnetic-field coil, described axial magnetic-field coil flows through the second pulse current under the effect of second pulse power, thereby generation axial magnetic field, the rise time of described the second pulse current is greater than 10 times of rise time of described the first pulse current, and the described rise time is the 90% required time that rises to pulse current peak from 10% of pulse current peak.
8. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, in the time that axial magnetic-field coil is positioned at eddy current coil periphery, the sense of current of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by sheet metal flange region sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tear to suppress material,
In the time that eddy current coil is positioned at axial magnetic-field coil periphery, the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by sheet metal flange region sensing concave die cavity of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, tears to suppress material.
9. the material flowability control method for metal sheet forming as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, in the time that axial magnetic-field coil is positioned at eddy current coil periphery, the current opposite in direction of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by concave die cavity sensing sheet metal flange region of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material,
In the time that eddy current coil is positioned at axial magnetic-field coil periphery, the sense of current of eddy current coil and axial magnetic-field coil is identical, the axial magnetic field component acting in conjunction perpendicular to plate face that the inductive loop that eddy current coil produces in the flange region of sheet metal and axial magnetic-field coil produce, generation is parallel to the transversal electromagnetic force by concave die cavity sensing sheet metal flange region of plate face, this transversal electromagnetic force cooperatively interacts with the axial plastic force being applied on the sheet metal of concave die cavity position, wrinkling to suppress material.
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