A kind of device measuring PV component power characteristic
Technical field
The present invention relates to PV assembly measuring instrument, especially relate to a kind of device measuring PV component power characteristic.
Background technology
As the application of semiconductor technology at energy field, photovoltaic generation is the photoelectric effect of based semiconductor material, utilizes PV(Photovoltage, photovoltaic) photoelectric device such as assembly converts solar energy into electrical energy.Due to photovoltaic generation cleanliness without any pollution, at present, countries in the world are all at the New Energy Industry of develop actively based on solar photovoltaic industry.Current, the growth momentum of domestic photovoltaic industry is very swift and violent, no matter is polysilicon solar cell, or thin-film solar cells; But the impetus of whole industry is also in the Design and manufacture aspect of PV assembly, drop into less in test, the PV component power characteristic test system that the power characteristic testing apparatus of current whole industry to PV assembly is main or traditional.
Traditional PV component power characteristic test system generally comprises solar simulator, the work stage carrying PV assembly, signal of telecommunication test circuit and controller.The course of work of this system is: first utilize benchmark solar cell to carry out the correction of irradiance to solar simulator, then solar simulator carries out vertical irradiation to the PV assembly to be measured be placed in work stage, meanwhile, signal of telecommunication test circuit collects the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and these I-V characterisitic parameters are sent to arithmetic and control unit, obtain the power characteristic of PV assembly after treatment.Current, work stage is plane one-dimensional movement, is provided with the vacuum suction structure of fixing PV assembly and the grid line probe etc. of test PV assembly.
Above-mentioned test macro is quite effective for the identical PV assembly of test substrate surface texture cardinal principle.But, flourish along with photovoltaic industry, there is the PV assembly that substrate surface structure is different, such as, the photovoltaic module substrate surface structure of traditional solar cell is substantially needle-like (see figure 1), and has at present produced in circular hole or the solar cell (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of photovoltaic module substrate surface structure of square hole.
If adopt aforesaid way to measure power characteristic to the PV assembly of various substrates surface texture, the actual performance of PV assembly just cannot be reflected exactly.This is because the surface texture of substrate is different, the photoelectric properties that PV assembly uses in actual environment have very large difference.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, substrate surface structure is that the photovoltaic module of needle-like is under true solar light irradiation, the photoelectric conversion region of maximum area can be obtained during vertical incidence, along with time variations, sunlight turns to substrate surface in about 45 degree, the area reduction of photoelectric conversion region is to 1/3rd of maximum area, and corresponding photo-generated carrier change is violent, makes the IV characterisitic parameter change of photovoltaic module thus obviously; But, substrate surface structure is that the photovoltaic module of circular hole is under true solar light irradiation, the photoelectric conversion region of maximum area can be obtained during vertical incidence, when sunlight turn to substrate surface in about 45 degree time, the area reduction of photoelectric conversion region is to 1/2nd of maximum area, compared with the former, the change of IV characterisitic parameter relaxes many, the signal of visible Fig. 6.
In addition, PV assembly is out of doors subject to the change that power characteristic can occur environmental impact, such as in ambient temperature up to 64 DEG C under (standard test condition is 25 DEG C), the power conversion efficiency of battery have dropped 69%, and along with the enhancing of light radiation intensity, conversion efficiency also presents and declines significantly.
Therefore, adopt traditional PV component power characteristic test system, the photovoltaic module IV characteristic under practical circumstances that substrate surface structure is different can not be reflected exactly, and then the power characteristic of tested PV assembly cannot be characterized strictly according to the facts.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide a kind of device measuring PV component power characteristic, adopt this device, accurately can be characterized in the real power characteristic of the PV assembly of the various substrates surface texture under actual working environment faithfully.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of device measuring PV component power characteristic, comprise solar simulator, work stage, signal of telecommunication test circuit and arithmetic and control unit, described work stage is rotational workpieces platform, described work stage is connected with described signal of telecommunication test circuit, described arithmetic and control unit respectively, and described signal of telecommunication test circuit is connected with described arithmetic and control unit; Described work stage is provided with temperature sensor and heating plate;
Wherein, described solar simulator is for irradiating the tested PV assembly be placed in work stage; Described I-V characterisitic parameter for gathering the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and is carried out conditioning and is sent to described arithmetic and control unit by described signal of telecommunication test circuit; Described arithmetic and control unit is for the treatment of described I-V characterisitic parameter, calculate the power characteristic of tested PV assembly, and control translation and the rotation of described work stage, described arithmetic and control unit receives the temperature signal from described temperature sensor simultaneously, and the heating law needed for tested PV assembly controls the temperature of described heating plate.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the irradiated area of described solar simulator is 156mm × 156mm, the uniformity in effective irradiated area is ± 2%, time instability is ± 1%, Spectral matching degree is ± 25%, the light source of analog light source by selecting spectrum and strength characteristics to simulate multiple solar spectrum of described solar simulator.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the platform body structure of described work stage comprises the upper and lower, and described lower floor is along the one-dimensional square of level to movement, and described upper strata is along horizontal rotational shaft.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described work stage is provided with voltage sensor, current sensor and applies the probe of voltage or electric current to tested PV assembly; Described voltage sensor is connected with described signal of telecommunication test circuit respectively with the output of described current sensor, and described signal of telecommunication test circuit, by the probe in described work stage, applies voltage or electric current to tested PV assembly.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described work stage comprises driver and controller, and described controller controls work stage motion described in described driver drives, to realize described work stage translation and rotation.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described work stage horizontal movement velocity is maximum reaches 1 meter per second, and positioning precision is 0.1 millimeter, and the anglec of rotation is that-30 degree are spent to+30, and positioning precision is 1 degree.
Further, the present invention also has following features: the conditioning mode that described I-V characterisitic parameter nursed one's health by described signal of telecommunication test circuit comprises amplitude adjustment, frequency adjustment and phase adjusted.
Further, the present invention also has following features: described arithmetic and control unit comprises host computer and slave computer, and the interface of described slave computer and host computer is RS232 interface, RS485 interface or USB interface; Described host computer is PC, and for receiving data and the instruction of process slave computer, and the data of the user interface had by described host computer and instruction are passed to described slave computer; Described slave computer adopts microprocessor, for receiving the data and instruction that process described host computer, and transmits image data in real time to described host computer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
A, rotational workpieces platform is adopted to substitute the one-dimensional plane Moving Workpieces platform of conventional P V component power characteristic test amount system due to the present invention, therefore, it is possible to the illumination condition of simulation PV assembly when real work, thus realize the power out-put characteristic measuring PV assembly full-timely.
B, be provided with attemperating unit, therefore, it is possible to be characterized in the real power characteristic of the PV assembly under actual working environment exactly due to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The electron microscope image of Fig. 1 to be traditional substrate surface structure be photovoltaic module of needle-like;
The electron microscope image of Fig. 2 to be substrate surface structure be poroid photovoltaic module;
Electron microscope image under another angle of Fig. 3 to be substrate surface structure be poroid photovoltaic module;
The simulation schematic diagram of photovoltaic module under true illumination condition of Fig. 4 to be substrate surface structure be needle-like;
Fig. 5 is substrate surface structure is the poroid simulation schematic diagram of photovoltaic module under true illumination condition;
The photoelectric conversion rate change schematic diagram of photovoltaic module under true illumination condition of to be poroid photovoltaic module and substrate surface structure be needle-like that Fig. 6 is substrate surface structure;
Fig. 7 is the structural principle block diagram of the device of measurement PV component power characteristic provided by the invention.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention in depth, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of device measuring PV component power characteristic, structured flowchart as shown in Figure 7, comprise solar simulator, work stage, signal of telecommunication test circuit and arithmetic and control unit, wherein work stage is rotational workpieces platform, it is connected with signal of telecommunication test circuit, arithmetic and control unit, and signal of telecommunication test circuit is connected with arithmetic and control unit.Wherein, solar simulator is for irradiating the tested PV assembly be placed in work stage; I-V characterisitic parameter for gathering the I-V characterisitic parameter of tested PV assembly, and is carried out conditioning and is sent to arithmetic and control unit by signal of telecommunication test circuit; Arithmetic and control unit, for the treatment of I-V characterisitic parameter, calculates the power characteristic of tested PV assembly, and controls translation and the rotation of work stage.
Solar simulator has the irradiated area of 156mm × 156mm, the uniformity in effective irradiated area reaches ± and 2%, time instability is ± 1%, Spectral matching degree reaches ± and 25%, the analog light source of the solar simulator light source by selecting its spectrum and strength characteristics to simulate solar spectrum (AM0, AM1.0, AM1.5, AM1.5Global, AM2.0, AM2.0Global) under various condition.
The stage body of work stage is the double-decker comprising the upper and lower, and lower floor can along the one-dimensional square of level to movement, upper strata can loaded area at the PV assembly of 156mm × below 156mm along horizontal rotational shaft.Work stage also comprises driver and controller, and controller control and drive system drives work stage motion, to realize work stage translation and rotation.The horizontal movement velocity of work stage is maximum reaches 1 meter per second, and positioning precision is 0.1 millimeter, and the anglec of rotation is that-30 degree are spent to+30, and positioning precision is 1 degree, and has Incision Machine's.In work stage, be provided with the voltage sensor of detecting voltage signal and the current sensor of probe current signal, also oriented PV assembly applies the probe of voltage or electric current, utilizes these probes can apply voltage or electric current to the PV assembly to be measured be carried in work stage.The output of voltage sensor and current sensor is connected to signal of telecommunication test circuit respectively.In addition, on rotational workpieces platform, temperature sensor and heating plate is provided with, for changing the ambient temperature (namely applying the effect in temperature field) around PV assembly.
Signal of telecommunication test circuit receives and comes from the voltage sensor of work stage, the voltage signal of current sensor and current signal, then these signals carried out nursing one's health to such an extent as to be applicable to arithmetic and control unit process, the mode of conditioning comprises amplitude adjustment, frequency adjustment, phase adjusted, wherein amplitude regulate comprise amplification, reduce, intercepting etc., frequency adjustment comprises frequency multiplication, frequency division etc., and phase adjusted comprises in advance, keep, delayed etc.; In addition, signal of telecommunication test circuit, also by the voltage probe in work stage and current probe, applies suitable voltage, electric current to tested PV assembly.
Arithmetic and control unit comprises slave computer and host computer, and wherein host computer can be PC, and host computer has good user interface, has luminous intensity measurement and debugging functions, has data, profile memory, printing and test data analysis function; Slave computer adopts high-performance microprocessor, and is connected with AD/DA change-over circuit, can be RS232 interface, RS485 interface or USB interface with the interface of host computer.Slave computer can transmit image data in real time to host computer, or host computer by the command routing of user interface to slave computer.On the one hand, arithmetic and control unit receives the conditioned signal coming from signal of telecommunication test circuit, calculates the open circuit voltage under this test condition, short circuit current, maximum power, maximum power point voltage, maximum power point electric current, fill factor, curve factor and conversion efficiency.On the other hand, arithmetic and control unit also can control translation and the rotation of work stage, and the location of tested PV assembly is fixed, and the heating law of arithmetic and control unit needed for tested PV assembly controls the temperature of heating plate, receive the temperature signal coming from temperature sensor simultaneously, form close loop control circuit, to judge whether the temperature of heating plate reaches settings, to change or to keep the ambient temperature around PV assembly.
The course of work of the device of the present invention's full-time measurement PV component power characteristic is as follows:
First, utilize the method for traditional demarcation sunlight analogue system to set the irradiance of solar simulator, namely the electric current of the benchmark solar cell similar to the spectral response of tested PV assembly is measured, because reference battery is through demarcation, the irradiance of solar simulator can be set thus according to the reference current numerical value of gained; The demarcation of this irradiance is not limited to sunlight normal incidence, can when sunlight and work stage are different angles according to reference battery assay method to demarcate the sunlight irradiation degree of corresponding position, namely sunlight irradiation degree can change according to certain rule as required.
Secondly, under the solar simulator set, PV assembly to be measured is placed in work stage, under the control of arithmetic and control unit, the work stage carrying tested PV assembly along the certain angle of horizontal rotational shaft, such as, changes to adjust lighting angle according to the angle between daily sunlight and ground level in time; Meanwhile, arithmetic and control unit also controls the heating plate on rotational workpieces platform, PV assembly ambient temperature is changed (such as according to the temperature in each moment from morning to night under Various Seasonal according to certain rule, this temperature can be the mean value of this moment temperature within month or three months), and the temperature under utilizing temperature sensor to measure present rotation angel degree in real time.
Then, by means of the voltage probe arranged in work stage, current probe, signal of telecommunication test circuit applies voltage, current signal to tested PV assembly; Simultaneously now, utilize the voltage sensor in work stage and current sensor, the IV characterisitic parameter that tested PV assembly measured in real time by signal of telecommunication test circuit (comprises open circuit voltage V
oC, short circuit current I
sC).
Finally, arithmetic and control unit utilizes the IV characterisitic parameter surveyed, calculate the parameter (maximum power point Pmax, voltage Vmp at Pmax place and electric current I mp, efficiency eta and fill factor, curve factor FF) deriving the power characteristic characterizing PV assembly, and with the temperature under the anglec of rotation of work stage, current angular for independent variable, the parameter of power characteristic is variable, form two-dimensional function relation, to filter out under actual working environment, the PV assembly that power out-put characteristic is good.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; all within essence of the present invention and general principle, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.