CN103887567B - 纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组 - Google Patents

纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组 Download PDF

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CN103887567B
CN103887567B CN201410159453.9A CN201410159453A CN103887567B CN 103887567 B CN103887567 B CN 103887567B CN 201410159453 A CN201410159453 A CN 201410159453A CN 103887567 B CN103887567 B CN 103887567B
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battery
cell
unit
pure electric
electric bus
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CN103887567A (zh
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林曦
吴帆
吴一帆
孟知书
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Sichuan Baosheng Industry Co.,Ltd.
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
    • H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，属于电动车电源技术领域。它包括单体电池、隔板和电池连接板，还包括单元连接板，单体电池通过电池连接板并联成电池单元；电池单元之间由单元连接板串联成电池模块，电池模块之间由单元连接板串联构成电池箱。本发明结构简单易组装，并联增加散热面积，并联分流产热少，体积比能量和重量比能量高，汽车提速快、启动性强，电池组散热性好，安全可靠，可满足纯电动大巴车的动力要求。

Description

纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电池组，尤其是大巴车用电池组，属于电动车电源技术领域。
背景技术
纯电动大巴车电源需要配置的电池组电压高（600V）、容量大(300~500Ah）。但由于电池的容量、内阻、电压的不一致性，按照镍氢电池组的组合常规，是不能进行电池并联组合以达到提高容量目的的；唯一的方法是制作大容量的单体电池，再进行串联以满足电池组高电压的要求。但是超大容量的单体电池不仅制作难度大、废品率高，更重要的是电池在充、放电过程中，电池内部的热量不易散发出来，导致电池的不安全性因素增加。因此，现有的电动大巴车采用配置多个相同高电压小容量的电池组，每个电池组均单独工作，容量耗尽后，通过停车人工进行电池组切换的方式，使之先后单独工作，从而满足提高容量的目的。这种方式存在的弊端有三点：一是单体电池放电电流为整车放电电流，电流较大，电池升温很快，电池放出的容量就较小；二是某个电池组能量耗尽时，需要停车切换到另一个电池组；三是多个电池组不能同时充电，须先后分别对每个电池组进行充电，操作复杂。
发明内容
针对现有镍氢电池配套大巴车电源成组的固有问题，本发明提供一种纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组组合的方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，包括单体电池、隔板和电池连接板，还包括单元连接板，单体电池通过电池连接板并联成电池单元；电池单元之间由单元连接板串联成电池模块，电池模块之间由单元连接板串联构成电池箱。
本发明的有益效果是，结构简单易组装，并联增加散热面积，分流产热少，体积和重量的比能量高，汽车提速快、启动性强，电池组散热性好，安全可靠，可满足纯电动大巴车的动力要求。
附图说明
图1是本发明总体结构示意图（俯视图）；
图中零部件及编号：
1—单体电池，2—隔板，3—电池连接板，4—单元连接板，5—电池单元，
6—夹具，7—电池模块。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明。
参见图1，纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，包括单体电池1、隔板2和电池连接板3，还包括单元连接板4，单体电池1由电池连接板3并联成电池单元5；电池单元5之间由单元连接板4串联成电池模块7，电池模块7之间由单元连接板4串联构成电池箱。
电池单元5中各单体电池1的内阻相同。电池模块7中各电池单元5的容量相同。电池单元5中单体电池1为三个。电池模块7上设有夹具6。隔板2是由阻燃PP材料注塑加工成的通孔状固定板。
单体电池1采用100Ah方形镍氢电池，隔板2用于单体电池之间的绝缘、通风散热和固定；夹具6用于将电池模块7夹紧固定。
采用生产工艺相对成熟的100Ah单体电池（方形镍氢电池），将内阻相同的三只单体电池并联为一个电池单元，各单体电池容量可以有一定的散差，但三只电池并联后须满足电池单元总容量之和相同。本实施方式是将36只单体电池1制作成的3并12串电池箱，即由四个电池模块7构成的电池箱（如图1所示），电池箱电压为14.4V、容量为300Ah；再由若干个电池箱串联组成满足总电压要求的电池组。
在放电过程中，电池单元5内的三只电池之间，可以根据各自电压（容量、内阻）的不同，在不同时间段内电路中满足总电流要求（100A～300A）的前提下，自动在三只电池之间进行电流大小的调整，使得容量较大的电池放电电流较大、容量较小的电池放电电流就会相对小一些，从而实现三只电池共同分担总电流、基本同时达到放电终止的条件。

Claims (5)

1.一种纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，包括单体电池(1)、隔板(2)和电池连接板(3)，其特征在于，还包括单元连接板(4)，单体电池(1)通过电池连接板(3)并联成电池单元(5)；电池单元(5)的单个电池(1)之间，根据各自电压的不同，自动在单个电池(1)之间进行电流大小调整，电池单元(5)之间由单元连接板(4)串联成电池模块(7)，电池模块(7)之间由单元连接板(4)串联构成电池箱；所述的隔板(2)是由阻燃PP材料注塑加工成的通孔状固定板，所述隔板(2)设置于单体电池(1)之间用于绝缘、通风散热。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，其特征在于，所述的电池单元(5)中各单体电池(1)的内阻相同。
3.根据权利要求1所述的纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，其特征在于，所述的电池模块(7)中各电池单元(5)的容量相同。
4.根据权利要求1所述的纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，其特征在于，所述的电池单元(5)中单体电池(1)为3个。
5.根据权利要求1所述的纯电动大巴车镍氢电池组，其特征在于，所述的电池模块(7)上设有夹具(6)。
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CN104260785A (zh) * 2014-09-18 2015-01-07 广西科技大学鹿山学院 一种fsae赛车
CN106945547A (zh) * 2017-03-17 2017-07-14 霍建龙 应用于纯电动车中的标准电池
RU178488U1 (ru) * 2017-09-01 2018-04-05 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство обороны Российской Федерации Аккумуляторная батарея космического аппарата
CN109065977A (zh) * 2018-07-22 2018-12-21 四川宝生新能源电池有限公司 复合型镍氢电池组
CN113224432A (zh) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-06 扬州市泽龙塑业有限公司 多蓄电池汇集安装式地埋箱

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CN101834325A (zh) * 2010-05-17 2010-09-15 林道勇 二次电池组

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