CN103885083A - Paleotectonic map mapping method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a paleotectonic map mapping method and a device thereof. The paleotectonic map mapping method comprises the steps of constructing variable velocity mapping, carrying out well calibration to obtain a depth error, carrying out earthquake prestack three-parameter simultaneous inversion to obtain a product of a lame constant and density, extracting an earthquake average amplitude, constructing overdetermined equations related with the depth error, the earthquake average amplitude and the product of the lame constant and the density, solving the least square solutions of the overdetermined equations, calculating the deep error of a target layer of an uncorrected point according to a formula, and generating a paleotectonic map. According to the paleotectonic map mapping method and the device thereof, through combining the well calibration data and a plurality of seismic attributes, the response relation between the depth error of a well calibration point and the seismic attributes is estimated, thus the depth of a no-well area is corrected by using the seismic attributes, and a more accurate and reliable paleotectonic map can be generated in the condition that the number of well control is few.

Description

Paleostructural map drawing methods and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of paleostructural map drawing methods and device.

Background technology

Paleostructural map is the important basic map that instructs exploratory development activity, is the important content of structure description, is also the Main Basis of finding structural trapping, implementing hydrocarbon zone hydrocarbonaceous area simultaneously.Along with deepening continuously of reservoir exploration and development, precision and accuracy to such map are had higher requirement, and the accuracy of the description of especially constructing a little for sand body can directly affect the decision-making of later stage Tapping Residual Oil direction.

One in comparatively ripe paleostructural map generation technique becomes diagram technology for constructing speed change at present, and its relative configurations that has been widely used in the seismic interpretation such as Geoframe, Landmark system becomes among module.The progressive of this method is, becomes diagram technology with respect to traditional structure constant speed, can be to being caused that by velocity variations this part estimation of Depth error is necessarily proofreaied and correct.But accurate velocity field is set up the main some control that relies on well-log information, in practice, the method is often subject to the restriction of well control quantity, causes effect not reach optimum efficiency, easily occurs the situation of structural map in the degree of depth distortion of few wellblock.But the deployment range of profitability of the well of taping the latent power is explored or developed to this few well area often.Therefore, active demand is a kind of can generate the method for paleostructural map more accurately.

Produce reason by the depth error of further anatomy structural map known, basically causing rock should be the geological property of zone of interest in the basic reason of the variation of underground generation differential compaction and seismic wave propagation speed, it is the Lateral heterogeneity of lithology and physical property, especially these character of zone of interest rock.But under the objective condition restriction of inhomogeneous well pattern, structural map cannot be proofreaied and correct fully, easily produce the distortion of the degree of depth, for the very difficulty of obtaining also of geological property, all can only rely under normal circumstances the well school data of part position to calibrate, said well school data are the geology layering result at well point place here.In prior art, have multiple disposal route all can utilize a small amount of well school data to revise the structural map in larger region, but be all confined to revise from the angle of pure data processing, one of them exemplary adopts interpolation processing.But, the paleostructural map that existing these methods generate, its accuracy is still not high enough, and the defect that under the cross direction profiles complicated situation of and geologic condition less in well school data, its accuracy is not high is particularly evident.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the not accurate enough defect that becomes the paleostructural map that diagram technology generates the well control negligible amounts in the situation that in order to overcome paleostructural map of the prior art, proposes a kind of paleostructural map drawing methods and device.

The present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters by following technical proposals:

The invention provides a kind of paleostructural map drawing methods, its feature is, comprises the following steps:

S ₁, adopt structure speed change become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region;

S ₂, obtain the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth;

S ₃, according to three dimensional seismic data, try to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack, then according to formula

calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance;

S ₄, open and get window when corresponding according to zone of interest, extract the earthquake average amplitude of each point;

S ₅, build following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2+C_0+C_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

In above-mentioned overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

S ₆, obtain the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂;

S ₇, according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, Δ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point;

S ₈, generate the paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and S of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure ₇each calculating be the depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not.

Above-mentioned steps S ₁it is a kind of existing drawing method that is configured to that the structure speed change of middle employing becomes diagram technology, its principle is roughly, application, along the relevant Interval Velocity Inversion method computation layer speed of layer, forms degree of depth structural map after dark conversion while then using the method for map migration to carry out time construction figure.

More specifically, above-mentioned steps S ₁following steps are comprised: first, to the well-log information of each mouthful of actual well drilled in this region, try to achieve longitudinal wave reflection coefficient curve according to its interval transit time and density logging curve, and carry out convolution generation theogram with statistics seismic wavelet, contrast with the waveform of actual seismic data afterwards, deeply while repeatedly carrying out being related to adjustment, is that actual seismic reaches maximum with the similarity that becomes seismologic record until both related coefficients reach maximal value; Then the well control velocity field of, utilizing above-mentioned calibration process to obtain is proofreaied and correct the whole district's velocity field that obtains this region to earthquake stacking velocity field; According to well shake calibration result, carry out seismic interpretation for the seismic reflection under destination layer position again, obtain time plane, utilize seismic interpretation achievement further to optimize, finely tune the geology layering result at well point place, determine the real depth of this zone of interest in drilling well position; Finally obtain degree of depth structural map according to the data of time plane obtained above and whole district's velocity field, i.e. this prototectonics figure.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that at step S ₂in the plurality of point be the point that can directly utilize the degree of depth of actual this zone of interest recording of drilling well to calibrate, the well school degree of depth is the plurality of depth value obtaining after drilling well measured data is calibrated.It is the point in well control region or territory, well school district that the plurality of point also can be understood as.Calibrate because the plurality of point can utilize the actual depth value recording of drilling well, can think that the accuracy of this part data is high, and be significantly higher than the accuracy that cannot carry out according to drilling well measured data the point of directly calibrating in this prototectonics figure.Therefore, at step S ₂in the depth error that calculates be similar to the error between depth value and the actual value of the plurality of point in this prototectonics figure.

Those skilled in the art also should be appreciated that seismic inversion is to utilize through the earth's surface of a series of processing (or marine) seismic event observational data, taking geologic rule and drilling well, well-log information as constraint, the physical property of subterranean strata are carried out to the process of imaging.And above-mentioned steps S ₃middle adopted earthquake prestack three parameter synchronization invertings can adopt existing prestack inversion algorithm to realize.The ultimate principle of prestack inversion is to tilt to inject in the interfacial situation of two media with larger incident angle when plane compressional wave, can produce reflected P-wave, reflection wave, transmitted P-wave and transmitted shear wave, application Time Migration of Elastic Wave Equation theory can be in the hope of the relation of speed, density and the reflection angle of above-mentioned wave reflection coefficient and interface upper and lower medium.Therefore,, under compressional wave acquisition condition, also can obtain the data of shear wave.Three dimensional seismic data is wherein earthquake-capturing data through comprising a series of seismic amplitude data volumes after treatment such as migration imaging and stack, in the present invention, the sampling and processing of three dimensional seismic data is adopted to routine techniques means.

The theoretical foundation of the earthquake prestack three parameter synchronization invertings that adopt in the present invention is Zoeppritz system of equations, and Zoeppritz system of equations has provided the relation between reflection coefficient, P-wave And S speed, density and incident angle.Above-mentioned steps S ₃middle adopted earthquake prestack three parameter synchronization invertings can adopt the seismic interpretation software including Hampson-Russel to set up equation according to Zoeppritz approximate formula, utilize Prestack seismic data and well logging P-wave And S velocity and density, Simultaneous Retrieving three basic Rock Elastic Parameters p-wave impedances, S-wave impedance and density.The Prestack seismic data here refers to through earthquake angular-trace gather before the stack of limit angular stack.Having obtained after p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and density, calculate Lame's constant according to formula.Lame's constant in the present invention is Lame the first parameter, and it can characterize the compressibility of rock, and it is particularly responsive for fluid properties.

At step S ₄middlely open and get window when corresponding according to zone of interest, extract the earthquake average amplitude of each point.Should be understood that, the seismic data volume including above-mentioned three dimensional seismic data is all time domains, need to open window while getting for corresponding zone of interest, thereby extract the corresponding data of zone of interest so extract when seismic properties.That is to say step S ₄in be according to open get time each earthquake sampling in window data extract average amplitude.For instance, certain a bit may have n sampling corresponding to zone of interest to seismic data volume in the plane, and the mean value of asking for the seismic amplitude value of these samplings can obtain the earthquake average amplitude of this point.

Step S ₅overdetermined equation group and the S of middle structure ₆solution procedure be based on for depth error for the product of Lame's constant and density and the response of earthquake average amplitude to a certain extent close to linear response, and can adopt the mode of the least square solution that solves overdetermined equation group to carry out for the approximate solution of the correlationship of linear response.

By step S ₅and S ₆can find out, drawing methods or the modification method of the present invention and existing paleostructural map are compared, significant difference is the most, in the present invention, be not using well school data simply as the basis of numerical value correction, but estimate according to the part seismic properties in the corresponding region of data, well school and these regions how the error becoming between prototectonics figure and the real depth of zone of interest that hasty map obtains responds seismic properties.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the well school data in the present invention can be understood as the geology layering result at well point place.This difference makes the present invention can better revise the error of bringing due to the Lateral heterogeneity of geological property, eliminates as far as possible the error producing due to lithology and the physical property of zone of interest rock.And at step S ₆the least square solution of trying to achieve, i.e. S ₇coefficient in the formula of middle employing, therefore utilize this formula to carry out Corrected Depth error, and then the accuracy of this paleostructural map generating is not only far away higher than this prototectonics figure, the also greatly accurately correction for structural map in Mathematical Method such as the method for interpolation of available technology adopting.

Hold intelligibly, the institute in this region a little in, the plurality of point can utilize well school data to revise, therefore without at step S ₇and S ₈this formula of middle employing is revised.Other points except the plurality of point are not adjusting point, thereby need to adopt this formula to revise.

The present invention also provides a kind of paleostructural map to become map device, and its feature is, comprising:

Speed change becomes module, and for adopting structure speed change to become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region;

Depth error computing module, for obtaining the well school degree of depth of zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculates the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, and wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth;

Simultaneous Retrieving module, for according to three dimensional seismic data, tries to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region, then according to formula by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack

calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance;

Amplitude extraction module, gets window when corresponding for opening according to zone of interest, extracts the earthquake average amplitude of each point;

System of equations builds module, for building following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2+C_0+C_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, in this overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

Solving equations module, for asking for the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂;

Corrected Calculation module, for according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, Δ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point;

Become module, for generating a paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and corrected Calculation module calculates each depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure.

Meeting on the basis of this area general knowledge, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can combination in any, obtains the preferred embodiments of the invention.

Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:

Paleostructural map drawing methods of the present invention and device, by the geology layering result in conjunction with well point place and multiple seismic properties, estimate the response relation between depth error and the seismic properties of well check and punctuate, and then utilize seismic properties to revise for the degree of depth without well area, thereby can the in the situation that of well control negligible amounts, generate paleostructural map more accurately and reliably.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the paleostructural map drawing methods of the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 2 a is the structural map that adopts conventional speed change to become diagram technology to obtain in application example of the present invention.

Fig. 2 b is the structural map that adopts conventional speed change to become diagram technology to obtain in conjunction with well school data and conventional numerical value processing in application example of the present invention.

Fig. 2 c is the structural map that adopts the paleostructural map drawing methods of embodiment 1 to obtain in application example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 a is the depth error distribution plan in territory, application example Zhong Jing school district of the present invention.

Fig. 3 b is the flat distribution map of the product of Lame's constant and density in application example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 c is the flat distribution map of earthquake average amplitude in application example of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the paleostructural map of the embodiment of the present invention 2 becomes map device.

Embodiment

Provide preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail, but therefore do not limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, the paleostructural map drawing methods of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

S ₁, adopt structure speed change become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region;

S ₂, obtain the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth;

S ₃, according to three dimensional seismic data, try to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack, then according to formula

calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance;

S ₄, open and get window when corresponding according to zone of interest, extract the earthquake average amplitude of each point;

S ₅, build following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2+C_0+C_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

In above-mentioned overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

S ₆, obtain the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂;

S ₇, according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, Δ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point;

S ₈, generate the paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and S of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure ₇each calculating be the depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not.

Specifically, above-mentioned steps S ₁comprise the following steps: first, to the well-log information of each mouthful of actual well drilled in this region, try to achieve longitudinal wave reflection coefficient curve according to its interval transit time and density logging curve, and carry out convolution generation theogram with statistics seismic wavelet, contrast with the waveform of actual seismic data afterwards, deeply while repeatedly carrying out being related to adjustment, is that actual seismic reaches maximum with the similarity that becomes seismologic record until both related coefficients reach maximal value; Then the well control velocity field of, utilizing above-mentioned calibration process to obtain is proofreaied and correct the whole district's velocity field that obtains this region to earthquake stacking velocity field; According to well shake calibration result, carry out seismic interpretation for the seismic reflection under destination layer position again, obtain time plane, utilize seismic interpretation achievement further to optimize, finely tune the geology layering result at well point place, determine the real depth of this zone of interest in drilling well position; Finally obtain degree of depth structural map according to the data of time plane obtained above and whole district's velocity field, i.e. this prototectonics figure.

Wherein, three dimensional seismic data is earthquake-capturing data through comprising a series of seismic amplitude data volumes after treatment such as migration imaging and stack.The theoretical foundation of the earthquake prestack three parameter synchronization invertings that adopt in the present embodiment is Zoeppritz system of equations, and Zoeppritz system of equations has provided the relation between reflection coefficient, P-wave And S speed, density and incident angle.Above-mentioned steps S ₃middle adopted earthquake prestack three parameter synchronization invertings adopt Hampson-Russel seismic interpretation software to set up equation according to Zoeppritz approximate formula, utilize Prestack seismic data and well logging P-wave And S velocity and density, Simultaneous Retrieving three basic Rock Elastic Parameters p-wave impedances, S-wave impedance and density.The Prestack seismic data here refers to through earthquake angular-trace gather before the stack of limit angular stack.Having obtained after p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and density, calculate Lame's constant according to formula.Lame's constant in the present invention is Lame the first parameter, and it can characterize the compressibility of rock, and it is particularly responsive for fluid properties.

At step S ₄middlely open and get window when corresponding according to zone of interest, extract the earthquake average amplitude of each point.Should be understood that, the seismic data volume including above-mentioned three dimensional seismic data is all time domains, need to open window while getting for corresponding zone of interest, thereby extract the corresponding data of zone of interest so extract when seismic properties.That is to say step S ₄in be according to open get time each earthquake sampling in window data extract average amplitude.For instance, certain a bit may have n sampling corresponding to zone of interest to seismic data volume in the plane, and the mean value of asking for the seismic amplitude value of these samplings can obtain the earthquake average amplitude of this point.

In the present embodiment, for become hasty map theogram generation, velocity field generation, obtain time plane and prototectonics map generalization and all taked the means of gridding processing by seismic interpretation, that is to say, the grid wherein adopting is all identical.And, the affiliated planimetric position of seismic inversion and attributes extraction result is still determined with three dimensional seismic data seismic trace position, its spacing is acquisition process spacing, with above-mentioned to become to scheme grid used may be inconsistent, represent but still it is treated to identical grid by mathematical method in the present embodiment.So, step S ₃in try to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack, equally also adopt identical grid to represent, S ₄the each point earthquake average amplitude of middle extraction also adopts identical grid to represent.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned gridding disposal route in the present embodiment, just in order to realize the consistance of Data processing, improve treatment effeciency.

Step S ₅overdetermined equation group and the S of middle structure ₆solution procedure be based on for depth error for the product of Lame's constant and density and the response of earthquake average amplitude to a certain extent close to linear response, and for the approximate solution of the correlationship of linear response, the present embodiment adopts the mode of the least square solution that solves overdetermined equation group to carry out.Then according to the least square solution of trying to achieve, depth error is revised.

Below an application example of the paleostructural map drawing methods to the present embodiment is described, this application example relates to the figure that is made into of East Sea layer of oil gas production sand-body roof structural map.

Structural map for adopting conventional speed change to become diagram technology to generate in this application example, performs step S as shown in Figure 2 a ₁after the prototectonics figure that obtains.Utilize the well school degree of depth in territory, well school district, adopting the structural map that obtains after the calibration of conventional Numerical Methods as shown in Figure 2 b.Thereby the territory, well school district that region that Fig. 2 is a, rectangle in Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c surrounds has multiple well loggings can obtain multiple wells school degree of depth, conventionally also referred to as well control region.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, in the structural map of Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c, represent the even depth line (being similar to level line) in plane with line, all represent the corresponding degree of depth of corresponding even depth line in the numeral 2670,2700,2730 of even depth line place mark etc., thereby the plane depth that such structural map can the whole one-tenth graph region of full scale image ground reaction distributes.

In this application example, carrying out step S ₁and S ₂after the depth error in the territory, well school district that obtains distribute as shown in Figure 3 a.Further, carrying out step S ₃after the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of the each point that obtains, its plane distribution is as shown in Figure 3 c.Carry out step S ₄after the earthquake average amplitude of the each point that obtains, its plane distribution is as shown in Figure 3 b.Curve in Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c is respectively used to represent that these two parameters of product of earthquake average amplitude and Lame's constant and density are at the isoline of plane distribution, and numerical value 20,28,36 philosophies in numerical value-1000 in Fig. 3 b ,-2000 etc., Fig. 3 c are for representing the value of isoline of numerical value correspondence position.Wherein, earthquake average amplitude is obtained after a series of processing by seismic data, and the earthquake average amplitude in this application example is nondimensional number, for representing the relatively strong and weak of seismic reflection, is the physical quantity that there is no unit.In this application example, the unit of the product of Lame's constant and density is GPa*g/cc.Wherein 1GPa=1000MPa=1000000KPa=10 ⁹pa, GPa is pressure unit, 1GPa is 1000 MPas namely.G/cc is density unit, 1g/cc=1g/ml=1g/cm ³, gram every cubic centimetre.Should be understood that, the unit in this application example chooses corresponding with accompanying drawing 3b, 3c, does not therefore limit palaeotectonics drawing methods of the present invention and must adopt above-mentioned unit.

According to the well school degree of depth in territory, well school district, and the distribution plan shown in Fig. 3 b, 3c obtains the earthquake average amplitude of respective regions (being the corresponding planar point of the well school degree of depth) and the product of Lame's constant and density, and carries out accordingly S ₅structure obtains following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}14.19=c_0+(-197.89)\&times;c_1+37.55\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2\\ 5.06=c_0+(-861.94)\&times;c_1+30.09\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ 8.10=c_0+(-3275.46)\&times;c_1+24.12\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, the each seismic trace of earthquake average amplitude in measurement is the wave train figure of a 1ms or 2ms sampling, wherein contains and has multiple Wave crest and wave troughs, and in above-mentioned overdetermined equation group, earthquake average amplitude is that negative value is corresponding to trough.

Carry out S ₆obtain the least square solution c of above-mentioned overdetermined equation group ₀=7.08; c ₁=0.0019; c ₂=0.122.Then carry out S ₇according to formula Δ D _m=7.08+0.0019 × A _m+ 0.122 × λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error Δ D of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the corresponding planar point of the well school degree of depth _m, wherein subscript m represents to travel through all not adjusting points.

After drawing the above results, carry out S ₈generate a paleostructural map in this region, wherein each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and S of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure ₇each calculating be the depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not, and this paleostructural map generating in this application example as shown in Figure 2 c.

In this application example, become diagram technology, conventional speed change to become structural map that diagram technology obtains respectively in conjunction with the paleostructural map drawing methods of well school data and numerical value modification method and the present embodiment successively as shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c with conventional speed change.And, northwest side in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c is actual well logging flatly, in three figure, all go out with PH7 mark, this well logging is overseas in the well school district of rectangle, distribute and just can from figure, obtain the degree of depth of any position in figure by the sea-bottom contour in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c, certainly also just can obtain the degree of depth at well logging PH7 place.

It is 2730.06 meters by Fig. 2 a can obtain logging well degree of depth of PH7 loca, be 2728.38 meters and (should be noted that in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, all there is no the degree of depth is 2740 meters or above sea-bottom contour by Fig. 2 b can obtain logging well degree of depth of PH7 loca, the darkest sea-bottom contour of the degree of depth is 2730 meters), and the degree of depth of the well logging PH7 loca being obtained by Fig. 2 c is 2733.44 meters (position of the PH7 that logs well in Fig. 2 c is between 2730 meters of sea-bottom contours and 2740 meters of sea-bottom contours).

The PH7 that logs well in this application example is in esse, and surveying by well logging PH7 the degree of depth obtaining is 2734.40 meters.That is to say, existing speed change drawing methods and the error of utilizing numerical method to calibrate the depth value obtaining are respectively 4.34 meters and 6.02 meters, paleostructural map drawing methods of the present invention has been reduced to 0.96 meter by this error, reduce error than existing drawing methods and reach more than 70%, the accuracy of one-tenth figure significantly improves.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Figure 4, the paleostructural map of the present embodiment becomes map device to comprise that speed change becomes module 1, depth error computing module 2, Simultaneous Retrieving module 3, amplitude extraction module 4, system of equations to build module 5, solving equations module 6, corrected Calculation module 7, become module 8.

Wherein, speed change becomes module 1 for adopting structure speed change to become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, and this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region.Depth error computing module 2, for obtaining the well school degree of depth of zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculates the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, and wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth.

Simultaneous Retrieving module 3, for according to three dimensional seismic data, tries to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region, then according to formula by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack

calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance.Amplitude extraction module 4, gets window when corresponding for opening according to zone of interest, extracts the earthquake average amplitude of each point.

System of equations builds module 5, for building following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2+C_0+C_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}_2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="c"\; filenames="HDA0000463829100000051.png,HDA0000463829100000081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">c</figure-callout>}}_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, in this overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

Solving equations module 6, for asking for the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂.Corrected Calculation module 7, for according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, Δ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point.

Become module 8, for generating a paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and corrected Calculation module calculates each depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure.

Although more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not deviating under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and amendment all fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a paleostructural map drawing methods, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

S ₁, adopt structure speed change become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region;

S ₂, obtain the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth;

S ₃, according to three dimensional seismic data, try to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack, then according to formula

calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance;

S ₄, open and get window when corresponding according to zone of interest, extract the earthquake average amplitude of each point;

S ₅, build following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+c_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_2+C_0+C_1{A}_2+C_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+c_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

In above-mentioned overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

S ₆, obtain the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂;

S ₇, according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, Δ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point;

S ₈, generate the paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and S of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure ₇each calculating be the depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not.

2. paleostructural map becomes a map device, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Speed change becomes module, and for adopting structure speed change to become diagram technology to generate the prototectonics figure in a region, this prototectonics figure records the degree of depth of the zone of interest of each point in this region;

Depth error computing module, for obtaining the well school degree of depth of zone of interest of the multiple points in this region, and calculates the depth error of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, and wherein depth error is the poor of the well school degree of depth and the degree of depth;

Simultaneous Retrieving module, for according to three dimensional seismic data, tries to achieve p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and the density of the zone of interest of each point in this region, then according to formula by the three parameter synchronization invertings of earthquake prestack calculate the Lame's constant of zone of interest and the product of density of each point, in formula, λ is that Lame's constant, ρ are density, Z _pfor p-wave impedance, Z _sfor S-wave impedance;

Amplitude extraction module, gets window when corresponding for opening according to zone of interest, extracts the earthquake average amplitude of each point;

System of equations builds module, for building following overdetermined equation group:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{\&Delta;D}}_1=C_0+C_1{A}_1+c_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_1{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_1\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_2+C_0+C_1{A}_2+C_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_2{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \&CenterDot;\\ \mathrm{\&Delta;}{D}_n=C_0+c_1{A}_n+c_2{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_n{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_n\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, in this overdetermined equation group, the number of equation equals the number n of the plurality of point, c ₀, c ₁, c ₂be three unknown quantitys, Δ D _k, A _k, λ _kρ _kbe respectively the product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of each point in the plurality of point, wherein 1≤k≤n;

Solving equations module, for asking for the least square solution c of this overdetermined equation group ₀, c ₁, c ₂;

Corrected Calculation module, for according to formula Δ D _m=c ₀+ c ₁a _m+ c ₂λ _mρ _mcalculate the depth error of the zone of interest of the not adjusting point except the plurality of point in this region, wherein m traversal meets all integers of n<m≤l, l in this region quantity a little, △ D _m, A _m, λ _mρ _mbe respectively each not product of depth error, earthquake average amplitude, Lame's constant and the density of the zone of interest of adjusting point;

Become module, for generating a paleostructural map in this region, in this paleostructural map, the degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point is the well school degree of depth of the zone of interest of the plurality of point, each not the degree of depth of the zone of interest of adjusting point be each the not degree of depth and corrected Calculation module calculates each depth error sum of the zone of interest of adjusting point not of the zone of interest of adjusting point in this prototectonics figure.

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