CN103885046A - InSAR atmosphere delay correction method based on GPS - Google Patents

InSAR atmosphere delay correction method based on GPS Download PDF

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CN103885046A
CN103885046A CN201210558066.3A CN201210558066A CN103885046A CN 103885046 A CN103885046 A CN 103885046A CN 201210558066 A CN201210558066 A CN 201210558066A CN 103885046 A CN103885046 A CN 103885046A
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insar
gps
algorithm
lssvm
pso
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剧成宇
王宇
孙建勇
张中原
王绍宏
高晓东
乔石铭
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Hennan Electric Power Survey and Design Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G01S13/9023—SAR image post-processing techniques combined with interferometric techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/904—SAR modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an InSAR atmosphere delay correction method based on the GPS. The method comprises steps that: firstly, InSAR phase unwrapping method precision is optimized, and InSAR atmosphere delay phase in the UTM coordinate is extracted; secondly, a zenithal atmosphere delay value of a GPS continuous operation reference station is acquired, and interpolation is carried out by utilizing a PSO-LSSVM algorithm to acquire a GPS atmosphere delay image; and lastly, correction on InSAR atmosphere delay is carried out according to the result, and InSAR technology precision is greatly improved.

Description

InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS
Technical field
The invention belongs to GPS, microwave remote sensing technique and merge field, specifically utilize the method for the high-precision space of GPS steam model correction InSAR technology atmosphere delay, be mainly used on a large scale, high precision, multidate surface deformation monitoring field.
Background technology
InSAR and D-InSAR technology have obtained great successes through 20 years of researches, have and studied very widely and apply in a lot of fields, as topographical surveying, earthquake, landslide, volcano, the sedimentation of large area earth's surface, marine charting and disaster monitoring etc.But still close and a series of problem such as baseline dephasing pass, atmospheric effect, phase unwrapping just like time dephasing, greatly limit its application in actual production.
SAR satellite-signal is subject to atmospheric effect signal propagation path is bent when by atmospheric envelope, thereby produces phase place distortion in the time that SAR interferes processing.To SAR satellite-signal propagation effect maximum in atmospheric envelope is ionosphere and troposphere, ionosphere is apart from the about 50-100km of earth surface left and right, be positioned on troposphere, so satellite-signal is less by ionospheric scope in the time of SAR imaging, and ionosphere epidemic situation comparison in zonule is stable, can think what time space was correlated with; And troposphere is due to nearer apart from earth surface, so SAR satellite-signal is larger by tropospheric scope, and the moisture state in troposphere self is very unstable.In sum, ionosphere delay is for the each picture point of same width SAR image, interfere right two scape image capturing time intervals hour if generated, can think equal, can not produce larger distortion to SAR interference signal, if but the image capturing time interval just must consider the impact of ionosphere on InSAR interferometric phase when larger; And tropospheric delay is due to the polytrope of troposphere steam, InSAR measuring accuracy is produced to considerable influence, in the time interfering processing, must consider.
To carry out Deformation Observation precision be cm and sub-cm level to InSAR technology in addition, and 1997, Zebker proved that relative steam humidity can cause the error of InSAR deformation monitoring 10-14cm in the variation of space-time 20% by experiment.Illustrate that atmosphere delay impact has had a strong impact on the application of D-InSAR technology in miniature deformation monitoring, so must consider the impact of atmosphere delay.
1997, Bock and Williams are by comparing the relative merits of GPS and two kinds of technology of InSAR, draw GPS and InSAR data are merged and can improve the time of deformation monitoring and the conclusion of spatial accuracy, thereby cause the research boom of GPS and InSAR data fusion, lot of domestic and foreign scholar has carried out deeply and comprehensively studying to utilizing GPS to correct InSAR atmosphere delay since then, DIDP(double interpolation and double prediction has been proposed) method, energy function method based on simulated annealing and Markov model, based on MODIS steam data, based on the method for propagation in atmosphere model.But due to the difference of GPS and InSAR spatial resolution, focus and the difficult point of research are the interpolation algorithms of GPS atmosphere delay at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the existence of InSAR atmosphere delay, had a strong impact on the precision of its deformation monitoring, utilized interpolation algorithm that GPS atmosphere delay is calculated and realized InSAR atmospheric delay correction.The present invention evaluates InSAR phase unwrapping precision, uses PSO-LSSVM algorithm effectively to improve GPS atmosphere delay interpolation precision.
For achieving the above object, step is as follows by the following technical solutions in the present invention:
A. evaluate the precision of various phase unwrapping methods, can obtain high precision InSAR and interfere image.The anti-winding of phase place after solution is twined, tries to achieve the mean square deviation of anti-winding phase place and original winding phase place
Figure 537718DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
as precision evaluation standard, wherein
Figure 777070DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
can be expressed as:
Figure 137644DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(1)
Wherein,
Figure 524763DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
for original winding phase place,
Figure 832247DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
for twining phase place, solution calculates winding phase place, the ranks number that M and N are image through being wound around;
B. based on MATLAB platform realize PSO algorithm and LSSVM algorithm connecing and, the advantage of comprehensive two kinds of algorithms realizes best interpolation;
C., rational initial parameter and end condition are set, adopt that PSO algorithm is auxiliary seeks LSSVM algorithm optimized parameter, utilize this parameter to move continuously website atmosphere delay to GPS and carry out interpolation and obtain GPS atmosphere delay image;
D. utilize the result of a and c can realize the atmospheric delay correction to InSAR.
Described method, wherein phase unwrapping Accuracy Assessment refers to: can obtain minimum cost flow by phase place inverse is to have phase unwrapping method most;
Described method, wherein PSO-LSSVM algorithm refers to: based on MATLAB platform, PSO algorithm is connected with LSSVM algorithm interface, the primary of PSO algorithm with the associated of LSSVM parameter and PSO fitness function calling LSSVM algorithm;
Described method, wherein the definite of PSO-LSSVM algorithm initial parameter refers to: the dimension of every group of particle is 10 × 2, and population hunting zone is respectively
Figure 722843DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
with
Figure 457581DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, , be linearity and reduce, ,
Figure 686809DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
,
Figure 592448DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
, iterations is 1000 times;
Described method, wherein PSO algorithm iteration end condition refers to: because being seeks position optimized parameter, be stopping criterion for iteration therefore iterations is set.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, InSAR phase unwrapping precision is analyzed, improve interferogram precision; Utilize PSO-LSSVM algorithm to carry out interpolation to GPS atmosphere delay, effectively utilize the powerful spatial analysis capacity of LSSVM algorithm, use PSO algorithm to avoid the definite blindness of LSSVM algorithm parameter simultaneously, improve precision and the efficiency of GPS atmosphere delay interpolation, realized InSAR atmosphere delay high precision and correct.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method flow diagram based on GPS
Accompanying drawing 2 is to extract InSAR atmospheric phase process flow diagram
Accompanying drawing 3 is through the InSAR interferogram under the UTM coordinate that interference is processed and coordinate conversion obtains
Accompanying drawing 4 is zenith atmosphere delay values of each moment of GPS website
Accompanying drawing 5 is that PSO-LSSVM is to GPS atmosphere delay interpolation test findings
Accompanying drawing 6 is images after InSAR atmospheric delay correction
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, idiographic flow of the present invention is elaborated, comprise the steps:
1) SAR image processing
Utilize GAMMA software to interfere processing to the two scape SAR images of the same area, comprise as shown in Figure 1 Image registration, resampling, interference processing, from interferogram, propose reference ellipsoid phase place, landform phase place and linear phase, finally only comprised the interferogram of InSAR atmospheric phase, as shown in Figure 2.
2) InSAR phase unwrapping precision evaluation
Use Visual C++ and MATLAB language and software, using branch a cutting method, quality path of navigation to follow the tracks of, have no right six kinds of methods such as least square, weighted least-squares, minimum discontinuous and minimum cost flow interferes image to carry out phase unwrapping to selected areas SAR, utilize formula (1) to compare evaluation to disentanglement fruit, result is as shown in table 1:
It is the highest that the known minimum cost flow method of analysis result solution twines precision, uses the method original I nSAR image to be carried out to solution twines and finally obtain the DEM of this area compares with SRTM DEM, and error range is at (20m, 20m).
To 1) the InSAR interferogram that obtains carries out solution and extorts InSAR atmosphere delay image, then carry out coordinate conversion and can obtain InSAR atmosphere delay image under UTM coordinate system as shown in Figure 3;
The various phase unwrapping computing speeds of table 1 and ratio of precision are
Phase unwrapping method Working time (ms) Standard deviation (rad)
Branch cutting method 1000 0.00016197
Quality path of navigation is followed the tracks of 12016 6.1355e-006
Have no right least square 812 2.6303
Weighted least-squares 4704 2.8135e-005
Minimum discontinuous 8109 8.74e-007
Minimum cost flow 3516 6.9494e-007
3) GPS atmosphere delay is extracted
Utilize GAMIT software to calculate the observation data of GPS CORS point, obtain each website zenith direction troposphere and ionosphere delay, as shown in Figure 4.
Due to ionospheric stability, in the limited area of one, space, each point can be thought space correlation; But the wet feature that postpones to have spatial variable in troposphere, so the emphasis of interpolation algorithm research is the interpolation of the wet delay in troposphere.
4) GPS atmosphere delay interpolation
Utilize the PSO-LSSVM algorithm based on MATLAB platform to carry out interpolation to the atmosphere delay value of GPS CORS point, step is as follows:
Figure 688580DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
, initialization PSO.By penalty coefficient C and the kernel functional parameter of SVM
Figure 275550DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
as the particle of PSO, the initial position of particle is penalty coefficient C and the kernel functional parameter of LSSVM
Figure 576956DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
initial value, wherein: the dimension of every group of particle is 10 × 2, and population hunting zone is respectively
Figure 715814DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
with
Figure 299242DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,
Figure 486640DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
, be linearity and reduce,
Figure 471914DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
, ,
Figure 790080DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
, iterations is 1000 times; Choosing for convergence of algorithm speed and stability of initial value has a certain impact;
Figure 781170DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
, by particle position be C and
Figure 620950DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
input LSSVM trains to generate to sample data and returns LSSVM model, utilizes recurrence LSSVM model to carry out regressing calculation to test data, and calculates the adaptive value of each particle position according to formula (2)
Figure 101610DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(2)
Wherein
Figure 824410DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the atmosphere delay of ordering for the i obtaining according to field data,
Figure 681507DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
obtain for PSO-LSSVM returns the atmosphere delay that i is ordered, n is the some number that participates in matching computing
Figure 313477DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
, utilize the adaptive value of each particle in this iteration, find self optimal location and fine-grained global optimum of institute position of each particulate
Figure 965038DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
, the principle upgraded according to particulate in PSO optimum self and global position, according to formula (3), (4), (5), particle is upgraded, produce particulate of future generation
Figure 10354DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(3)
Figure 343247DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
(4)
Figure 892040DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
(5)
Wherein, the global optimum position that P is particulate,
Figure 917765DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
for objective function,
Figure 184798DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
for the flying speed of particulate, xfor the residing position of particulate, wfor Inertia Weight, c 1 , c 2 for acceleration constant, r 1 , r 2 for two random functions independently mutually
Figure 819916DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
, judge end condition.Comparative result according to the adaptive value of particulate global optimum position with limit difference, or decide iteration whether to stop according to iterations, if do not stop, go to (2) and proceed interative computation, until meet stopping criterion for iteration
Figure 223216DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
, utilize seek have LSSVM parameter to carry out interpolation to GPS atmosphere delay most to obtain GPS atmosphere delay image
Finally obtaining parameter is parameter σ 2=5.75 and C=176.95, use PSO-LSSVM method to carry out interpolation test findings as shown in Figure 5 to GPS website atmosphere delay.
5) utilize 2) and 4) result that obtains carries out InSAR atmospheric delay correction, as shown in Figure 6, the atmosphere delay value of correction is about 3cm to the result obtaining, and can significantly improve the precision of surface subsidence monitoring.

Claims (5)

1. the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. evaluate the precision of various phase unwrapping methods, obtain high precision InSAR and interfere image; The anti-winding of phase place after solution is twined, tries to achieve the mean square deviation of anti-winding phase place and original winding phase place
Figure 897076DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
as precision evaluation standard, wherein can be expressed as:
Figure 388417DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Wherein,
Figure 849485DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
for original winding phase place,
Figure 279330DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
for twining phase place, solution calculates winding phase place, the ranks number that M and N are image through being wound around;
B. realize docking of PSO algorithm and LSSVM algorithm based on MATLAB platform, the advantage of comprehensive two kinds of algorithms realizes best interpolation;
C., initial parameter and the end condition of PSO algorithm and LSSVM algorithm are set, adopt that PSO algorithm is auxiliary seeks LSSVM algorithm optimized parameter, utilize this parameter to move continuously website atmosphere delay to GPS and carry out interpolation and obtain GPS atmosphere delay image;
D. utilize the result of a and c to realize InSAR atmospheric delay correction.
2. the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step a, phase unwrapping Accuracy Assessment refers to: obtaining minimum cost flow by phase place inverse is optimum angle unwrapping method.
3. the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step b, based on MATLAB platform, PSO algorithm and the docking of LSSVM algorithm interface are referred to, the primary of PSO algorithm is associated with LSSVM parameter, and PSO fitness function calling LSSVM algorithm.
4. the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the initial parameter of PSO algorithm and LSSVM algorithm is: the dimension of every group of particle is 10 × 2, and population hunting zone is respectively
Figure 697454DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
with
Figure 238156DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, , be linearity and reduce, ,
Figure 821081DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
, , iterations is 1000 times.
5. the InSAR atmospheric delay correction method based on GPS according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the stopping criterion for iteration of PSO algorithm is: because being seeks position optimized parameter, be stopping criterion for iteration therefore iterations is set.
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CN109541593A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-29 北京航空航天大学 A kind of improved minimum cost flow InSAR phase unwrapping method
CN110031841A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-19 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 The method and system of InSAR atmospheric delay correction based on ECMWF
CN112505699A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-16 中国矿业大学 Method for inverting underground goaf position parameters by fusing InSAR and PSO
CN112711022A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN113408547A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-09-17 西南交通大学 Multi-temporal multi-polarization SAR landslide extraction method
CN114280608A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-04-05 成都理工大学 Method and system for removing DInSAR elevation-related atmospheric effect
CN115184967A (en) * 2022-09-14 2022-10-14 中国石油大学(华东) GNSS correction method for scanning water vapor data of microwave radiometer

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109541593A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-03-29 北京航空航天大学 A kind of improved minimum cost flow InSAR phase unwrapping method
CN110031841A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-19 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 The method and system of InSAR atmospheric delay correction based on ECMWF
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CN112505699A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-03-16 中国矿业大学 Method for inverting underground goaf position parameters by fusing InSAR and PSO
CN112711022A (en) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-27 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN112711022B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-08-30 中国矿业大学 GNSS chromatography-assisted InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) atmospheric delay correction method
CN113408547A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-09-17 西南交通大学 Multi-temporal multi-polarization SAR landslide extraction method
CN114280608A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-04-05 成都理工大学 Method and system for removing DInSAR elevation-related atmospheric effect
CN114280608B (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-06-17 成都理工大学 Method and system for removing DInSAR elevation-related atmospheric effect
CN115184967A (en) * 2022-09-14 2022-10-14 中国石油大学(华东) GNSS correction method for scanning water vapor data of microwave radiometer
CN115184967B (en) * 2022-09-14 2023-01-06 中国石油大学(华东) GNSS correction method for scanning water vapor data of microwave radiometer

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