CN103884629A - Device and method for testing liquid osmotic pressure - Google Patents
Device and method for testing liquid osmotic pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884629A CN103884629A CN201310042017.9A CN201310042017A CN103884629A CN 103884629 A CN103884629 A CN 103884629A CN 201310042017 A CN201310042017 A CN 201310042017A CN 103884629 A CN103884629 A CN 103884629A
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- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001747 Cellulose diacetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triadimenol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for testing liquid osmotic pressure. The test device includes a permeating part, a liquid adding part, a sight glass part and a pressurization part. A to-be-tested liquid is added into the permeating part by the liquid adding part, a reference liquid undergoes membrane permeation and is mixed with the to-be-tested liquid, then the mixed liquid enters the sight glass part, and the pressurization part is employed to transport gas. After the liquid level is maintained at the sight glass part for a period of time, the pressure value is read, thus obtaining the osmotic pressure value. The invention provides a novel method and device for testing the osmotic pressure, and the influence of concentration polarization is also taken into consideration at the same time of effective testing the osmotic pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of test liquid osmotic pressure.
Background technology
At present, Membrane Separation for Water Treatment plays a part more and more important in water treatment procedure, and recent years, forward osmosis membrane method water technology had application prospect widely because the advantages such as its low pressure, low energy consumption, low pollution make it at multiple fields such as desalinization, bitter desalination, wastewater treatment, generating, medicine releases, positive infiltration technology has obtained broad research and the attention of countries in the world.In positive process of osmosis, the osmotic pressure of solution is the power of process, and the size of osmotic pressure is determining the treatment effeciency of positive process of osmosis, and the selecting party face that therefore apparatus and method of osmotic pressure test are drawn liquid for positive process of osmosis has great importance.
Current existing osmotic pressure method of testing is mainly to be calculated and weaved into software and carry out by theory, the real infiltration of its result of calculation and solution is pressed with certain deviation, therefore still need in this area provides a kind of apparatus and method for test liquid osmotic pressure, the accurately and effectively osmotic pressure of test liquid.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of apparatus and method of test liquid osmotic pressure.
A first aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of osmotic pressure proving installation, and described device comprises:
Osmotic cell, film is equipped with in described osmotic cell inside, and described osmotic cell inside is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber by described film;
Liquid feeding portion, testing liquid joins the first chamber of described osmotic cell by described liquid feeding portion;
Visor portion, described visor portion is arranged on described osmotic cell upper end, and inside has the first through hole, and the diameter of described the first through hole is 1mm-5mm, and one end of described the first through hole communicates with the first chamber of described osmotic cell; With
Pressurization part, described pressurization part comprises pressure buffer chamber, tensimeter, gas delivery section, wherein, described pressure buffer chamber is arranged on described visor portion upper end, and the other end of described the first through hole communicates with described pressure buffer chamber; Described gas delivery section communicates with described pressure buffer chamber, indoor for delivering the gas to described pressure buffer; Described tensimeter is connected on described pressure buffer chamber, for detection of the pressure of the indoor gas of described pressure buffer.
In another preference, described osmotic cell comprises the first housing and the second housing that are oppositely arranged, and described film is arranged between described the first housing and the second housing, and osmotic cell is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber, wherein,
Described the first housing middle part has opening, on the surface relative with described the second housing, is provided with the first seal element;
Described the second housing comprises first crossbeam, second cross beam and is connected to the vertical muscle of first between described first crossbeam and second cross beam; On described the second housing, there is the second through hole, run through described first crossbeam, the first vertical muscle, second cross beam, communicate with described the first chamber and described the first through hole; On described first crossbeam, filling opening is set, described testing liquid joins described the first chamber by described filling opening by described liquid feeding portion; Described first crossbeam is connected by the first web member with described the first housing, and is provided with the second seal element on the described first crossbeam surface relative with described the first housing.
In another preference, described first crossbeam, the first vertical muscle, second cross beam are integrated.
In another preference, described the first housing, the second housing are that stainless steel is made.
In another preference, described opening forms the second chamber.
In another preference, described first crossbeam is carved with groove on the surface relative with described the first housing, and described groove forms described the first chamber.
In another preference, described first crossbeam is that flange is connected with described the first housing.
In another preference, described the first web member is bolt.
In another preference, described osmotic cell also comprises supporting member, described supporting member be arranged on described film and described the first housing and/or and the second housing between.
In another preference, described support member is stainless steel mesh.
In another preference, described pressure buffer chamber comprises upper cover body and bedplate, the internal cavities that described upper cover body and bedplate form is used for being filled with gas, described bedplate is arranged on described visor portion upper end, and be provided with third through-hole on described bedplate, described third through-hole two ends communicate with described the first through hole, described cavity respectively, and described bedplate is connected by the second web member with described second cross beam.
In another preference, described pressure buffer chamber is made up of stainless steel.
In another preference, described upper cover body and described bedplate are integrated.
In another preference, described the second web member is bolt.
In another preference, described visor portion is glass column, and described glass column inside has the first through hole, and described glass column has following one or more feature:
(i) diameter of described glass column is 1cm-20cm;
(ii) the pressure-bearing scope of described glass column is 100-200 atmospheric pressure;
(iii) on described glass column, there is scale mark.
In another preference, described gas delivery section comprises:
Gas is contained the portion of carrying, for containing gas carrier;
Air shooter, comprises snorkel, bleeder pipe, and to be delivered to described pressure buffer indoor for gas is contained to the portion of carrying by described gas for described snorkel, on described snorkel, threeway is set, and connects described bleeder pipe, for emitting the indoor gas of described pressure buffer.
In another preference, a ball valve is set on described bleeder pipe; On described snorkel, set gradually a gas control valve, a ball valve.
In another preference, the setting of bleeder pipe, draft tube, each valve also can be system pressure equilibrium is provided.
Open and close ball valve, for ventilating or stopping ventilation.
Gas control valve is for regulating the flow that passes into gas.
In another preference, described liquid feeding portion comprises liquid-feeding tube, and described liquid-feeding tube communicates with the first chamber of described osmotic cell, and on described liquid-feeding tube, a valve is set.
In another preference, when liquid feeding, open valve, testing liquid is joined in the first chamber of osmotic cell, after liquid feeding, tighten valve, with the sealing of keeping system.
In another preference, described film is forward osmosis membrane.
A second aspect of the present invention, provides a kind of osmotic pressure method of testing, adopts the device described in first aspect, comprises the following steps:
(a) film is placed on to described osmotic cell inside, osmotic cell sealing is prevented to leakage;
(b) testing liquid is joined to the first chamber of described osmotic cell by described liquid feeding portion;
(c) described osmotic cell is placed in to reference fluids, the first chamber and testing liquid that described reference fluids enters into described osmotic cell by the second chamber of described osmotic cell, described film form mixed solution, and enter in the first through hole;
(d) reach the setting position of described the first through hole when described mixed solution, carry gas by gas delivery section to described pressure buffer chamber, make mixed solution maintain described settings;
(e) mixed solution maintains described setting position 0.5-2h, reads the force value on described tensimeter, is the osmotic pressure of testing liquid with the osmotic pressure sum of described reference fluids.
In another preference, described gas is nitrogen, helium, argon gas or oxygen.
In another preference, described film is forward osmosis membrane, only allows a kind of molecule (solvent molecule) to pass through and all impervious macromolecule membranes of other ion and molecule.
In another preference, described reference fluids is the corresponding solvent of test liquid.
In another preference, described reference fluids refers to the liquid that osmotic pressure is 0 with respect to test liquid, as the benchmark of test liquid osmotic pressure test.
The invention provides the apparatus and method that a kind of novel measurement Liquid Penetrant is pressed, not only can measure the liquid of Hyposmolality (as≤1 atmospheric pressure), can also measure the there is hyperosmosis liquid of (as 10-900 atmospheric pressure).Device of the present invention, in tracer liquid osmotic pressure, has been considered the impact of the concentration polarization phenomenon of film, simple to operate, thereby can be by directly reading manometric value or to osmotic pressure value after liquid level reaches about balance half an hour.
In should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, above-mentioned each technical characterictic of the present invention and can combining mutually between specifically described each technical characterictic in below (eg embodiment), thus form new or preferred technical scheme.As space is limited, tire out and state no longer one by one at this.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of proving installation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Present inventor is through extensive and deep research, the unexpected apparatus and method of developing a kind of test liquid osmotic pressure first, dependence test is carried out in the liquid motion that utilizes the expulsive force of the permeable pressure head generation between solution and produce, can be directly by testing out the osmotic pressure of liquid on tensimeter, method is simply accurate.On this basis, completed the present invention.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, the condition of conventionally advising according to normal condition or according to manufacturer.Unless otherwise indicated, otherwise number percent and umber calculate by weight.
Osmotic pressure proving installation
As shown in Figure 1, osmotic pressure proving installation of the present invention, comprising:
Osmotic cell 1, film 2 is equipped with in described osmotic cell 1 inside, and described osmotic cell 1 inside is divided into the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 by described film 2;
Liquid feeding portion 5, testing liquid joins the first chamber 3 of described osmotic cell 1 by described liquid feeding portion 5;
In a preference, described film 2 is polymer membrane for water treatment.
In a preference, described film 2 is forward osmosis membrane.Just permeating and referring to that water flows to the process in lower water chemistry gesture (or compared with hyperosmosis)-territory, lateral areas by permselectivity membrane from higher water chemistry gesture (or compared with a Hyposmolality) territory, lateral areas.Permselectivity membrane for this process is forward osmosis membrane.Device of the present invention has no particular limits forward osmosis membrane, use various commercially available or prepared by laboratory forward osmosis membranes all can, as conventional cellulose diacetate forward osmosis membrane, Triafol T forward osmosis membrane or polyamide forward osmosis membrane etc.
In a preference, described osmotic cell 1 comprises the first housing 12 and the second housing 13 that are oppositely arranged, and described film 2 is arranged between described the first housing 12 and the second housing 13, and osmotic cell 1 is divided into the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4, wherein,
Described the first housing 12 middle parts have opening 14, on described the first housing 12, on the surface relative with described the second housing 13, are provided with the first seal element 20;
Described the second housing 13 comprises first crossbeam 15, second cross beam 16 and is connected to the vertical muscle 17 of first between described first crossbeam 15 and second cross beam 16; On described the second housing 13, there is the second through hole 18, run through described first crossbeam 15, the first vertical muscle 17, second cross beam 16, communicate with described the first chamber 3 and described the first through hole 7; On described first crossbeam 15, filling opening 19 is set, described testing liquid joins described the first chamber 3 by described filling opening 19 by described liquid feeding portion 5; Described first crossbeam 15 is connected by the first web member (not shown) with described the first housing 12, and is provided with the second seal element 21 on described first crossbeam 15 surface relative with described the first housing 12.
In another preference, described first crossbeam 15, the first vertical muscle 17, second cross beam 16 are integrated.
In another preference, described the first housing 12, the second housing 13 are that stainless steel is made.
In another preference, described opening 14 forms the second chamber 4.
In another preference, described first crossbeam 15 is carved with groove (not shown) on the surface relative with described the first housing 12, and described groove forms described the first chamber 3.
In another preference, described first crossbeam 15 and described the first housing 12 are connected for flange.
In another preference, the first seal element 20, the second seal element 21 are O-ring seal.
In another preference, described the first web member is bolt.
In another preference, described osmotic cell 1 also comprises supporting member 22, described supporting member be arranged on described film 2 and described the first housing 12 and/or and the second housing 13 between.
In another preference, described support member 22 is stainless steel mesh, is arranged between described film 2 and described the first housing 12.
In another preference, described support member 22 is stainless steel mesh, is arranged between described film 2 and described first crossbeam 15.
In a preference, described visor portion 6 is glass column, and described glass column inside has the first through hole 7, and described glass column has following one or more feature:
(i) diameter of described glass column is 1cm-20cm;
(ii) the pressure-bearing scope of described glass column is 100-200 atmospheric pressure;
(iii) on described glass column, there is scale mark.
In another preference, the diameter of described glass column is 2cm-10cm.
Graduated glass column at quarter by pressure-bearing is made visor portion, and inside has the first through hole 7, can observe the moving situation of liquid, and the height of its liquid level can be used to monitor the size of solution osmotic pressure.
In a preference, described pressure buffer chamber 9 comprises upper cover body 23 and bedplate 24, the internal cavities 25 that described upper cover body 23 and bedplate 24 form is for being filled with gas, described bedplate 24 is arranged on described visor portion 6 upper ends, and be provided with third through-hole 26 on described bedplate 24, described third through-hole 26 two ends communicate with described the first through hole 7, described cavity 25 respectively, and described bedplate 24 is connected by the second web member (not shown) with described second cross beam 16.
In another preference, described pressure buffer chamber 9 is made up of stainless steel.
In another preference, described upper cover body 23 and described bedplate 24 are integrated.
In another preference, described the second web member is bolt.
In a preference, described gas delivery section 11 comprises:
Gas is contained and is carried portion's (not shown), for containing gas carrier;
Air shooter, comprises snorkel 28, bleeder pipe 29, described snorkel 28 is delivered in described pressure buffer chamber 9 for gas is contained to the portion of carrying by described gas, on described snorkel 28, threeway 30 is set, connects described bleeder pipe 29, for emitting the gas in described pressure buffer chamber 9.
In another preference, described gas is nitrogen, helium, argon gas or oxygen.
In another preference, a ball valve 31 is set on described bleeder pipe 29; On described snorkel 28, set gradually a gas control valve 32, a ball valve 33.
Open and close ball valve 31,33, for ventilating or stopping ventilation.
The setting of bleeder pipe 29, draft tube 28, each valve can be system provides pressure equilibrium.Pressure control by gas is by the level control (LC) in the first through hole on certain altitude, and during by each valve regulated gas flow, liquid level reaches balance, thereby records the osmotic pressure of solution.
In a preference, described liquid feeding portion 5 comprises liquid-feeding tube 34, and described liquid-feeding tube 34 communicates with the first chamber 3 of described osmotic cell 1, and a valve 35 is set on described liquid-feeding tube 34.
When liquid feeding, open valve 35, testing liquid is joined in the first chamber 3 of osmotic cell 1, after liquid feeding, tighten valve 35, with the sealing of keeping system.
Osmotic pressure method of testing
Osmotic pressure method of testing of the present invention, adopts above-described device, comprises the following steps:
(a) film 2 is placed on to described osmotic cell 1 inside, osmotic cell 1 sealing is prevented to leakage;
(b) testing liquid is joined to the first chamber 3 of described osmotic cell 1 by described liquid feeding portion 5;
(c) described osmotic cell 1 is placed in to reference fluids, the first chamber 3 that described reference fluids enters into described osmotic cell 1 by the second chamber 4, the described film 2 of described osmotic cell 1 forms mixed solution with testing liquid, and enters in the first through hole 7;
(d) reach the setting position of described the first through hole 7 when described mixed solution, carry gas by gas delivery section 11 to described pressure buffer chamber 9, make mixed solution maintain described setting position;
(e) mixed solution maintains described setting position 0.5-2h, reads the force value on described tensimeter 10, and the osmotic pressure sum of this force value and described reference fluids is the osmotic pressure of testing liquid.
In another preference, described gas is nitrogen, helium, argon gas or oxygen.
In another preference, described film 2 is forward osmosis membrane, only allows a kind of molecule (solvent molecule) to pass through and all impervious macromolecule membranes of other ion and molecule.
In another preference, described reference fluids is the corresponding solvent of testing liquid, as water.
In another preference, described reference fluids refers to the liquid that osmotic pressure is 0 with respect to testing liquid, as the benchmark of test liquid osmotic pressure test.
In another preference, the described position of setting is the position that reaches of expectation liquid level of being set in visor portion by tester before measuring, as described in the medium position of the first through hole 7.
In another preference, while adopting device of the present invention to detect osmotic pressure, film 2 is placed in to osmotic cell 1 inside, support member 22 is in the upper and lower surface of film, between described film 2 and the described first crossbeam 15 of described the first housing 12, film and the second housing 13, adopt the first web member to connect first crossbeam 15 and the first housing 12, under the effect of the first seal element 20 second seal elements 21, make the first chamber 3 be formed as the space of sealing.Open the valve 35 of liquid feeding portion 5, testing liquid is injected into the first chamber 3 of osmotic cell 1, on described film 2.Valve-off 35 after liquid feeding, to keep the sealing of osmotic cell 1.To after device good seal, osmotic cell 1 be positioned in the container that fills reference fluids (as deionized water), because the osmotic pressure of film 2 both sides need not, reference fluids enters into the second chamber 4, sees through film 2 and enter into the first chamber 3 and mix with testing liquid through the opening 14 of the first housing 12, then enters into the first through hole 7 of visor portion 6 by the second through hole 18.In the time that liquid level reaches the setting position (as the middle part of the first through hole 7) of the first through hole 7, the slowly ball valve 33 on the snorkel 28 of unlatching gas delivery section 11, deliver the gas to pressure buffer chamber 9, and enter the first through hole 7 to liquid level by third through-hole 26, regulate the gas control valve 32 on snorkel 28 simultaneously, liquid level is maintained and set position, after 30min, read the force value of tensimeter 10, the osmotic pressure of this force value and described reference fluids is added to the osmotic pressure that obtains testing liquid.
Application Example 1
Adopting deionized water is with reference to liquid, test 35000mg.L
-1the osmotic pressure of NaCl solution.Adopting cellulose diacetate permeable membrane is test film, be fixed in fixing seal in osmotic cell, add 10ml solution to be measured to the first chamber by liquid feeding portion, to install good seal, be positioned in the horizontal vessel that fills deionized water, after a period of time, in visor portion, liquid level rises, in the time that liquid level rises to the first through hole medium position, slowly opening gas delivery section pressurizes, keep the liquid level in the first through hole to maintain sustained height place simultaneously, until pressure be added to a certain value after liquid level reach balance, now tensimeter registration is 2.7MPa, because the osmotic pressure of deionized water is 0, so, the osmotic pressure of solution to be measured is 2.7MPa.
In document, check in 35000mg.L
-1the calculating osmotic pressure of NaCl solution at 2.8MPa, fractional error and part personal error that the error that the concentration polarization that 3.6% source of error produces in process of osmosis in permeable membrane causes and proving installation itself exists, its error is in tolerance interval.
Application Example 2
Adopting deionized water is with reference to liquid, test 1000mg.L
-1the osmotic pressure of sucrose solution.Adopting polyamide permeable permeable membrane is test film, be fixed in fixing seal in osmotic cell, on it, add 10ml solution to be measured, to install good seal, be positioned in the horizontal vessel that fills deionized water, after a period of time, in visor portion, liquid level rises, in the time that liquid level rises to the first through hole medium position, slowly opening gas delivery section pressurizes, keep the liquid level in the first through hole to maintain sustained height place simultaneously, until pressure be added to a certain value after liquid level reach balance, now tensimeter registration is 0.0029MPa, because the osmotic pressure of deionized water is 0, so, the osmotic pressure of solution to be measured is 0.0029MPa.
In document, check in 35000mg.L
-1the calculating osmotic pressure of NaCl solution at 0.00292MPa, fractional error and part personal error that the error that the concentration polarization that source of error produces in process of osmosis in permeable membrane causes and proving installation itself exists, its error is in tolerance interval.
Unless otherwise defined, the familiar meaning of all specialties that use in literary composition and scientific words and one skilled in the art is identical.In addition, any method similar or impartial to described content and material all can be applicable in the inventive method.The use that better implementation method described in literary composition and material only present a demonstration.
Usefulness of the present invention is:
(1) apparatus and method that provide a kind of novel measurement Liquid Penetrant to press.
(2) device of the present invention not only can be measured the liquid of Hyposmolality (as≤1 atmospheric pressure), can also measure the have hyperosmosis liquid of (as 10-900 atmospheric pressure).
(3) device of the present invention, in tracer liquid osmotic pressure, has been considered the impact of the concentration polarization phenomenon of film.
(4) device of the present invention, simple to operate, thereby can be by directly reading manometric value or to osmotic pressure value after liquid level reaches about balance half an hour.
All documents of mentioning in the present invention are all quoted as a reference in this application, are just quoted separately as a reference as each section of document.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. an osmotic pressure proving installation, is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Osmotic cell, film is equipped with in described osmotic cell inside, and described osmotic cell inside is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber by described film;
Liquid feeding portion, testing liquid joins the first chamber of described osmotic cell by described liquid feeding portion;
Visor portion, described visor portion is arranged on described osmotic cell upper end, and inside has the first through hole, and the diameter of described the first through hole is 1mm-5mm, and one end of described the first through hole communicates with the first chamber of described osmotic cell; With
Pressurization part, described pressurization part comprises pressure buffer chamber, tensimeter, gas delivery section, wherein, described pressure buffer chamber is arranged on described visor portion upper end, and the other end of described the first through hole communicates with described pressure buffer chamber; Described gas delivery section communicates with described pressure buffer chamber, indoor for delivering the gas to described pressure buffer; Described tensimeter is connected on described pressure buffer chamber, for detection of the pressure of the indoor gas of described pressure buffer.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described osmotic cell comprises the first housing and the second housing that are oppositely arranged, and described film is arranged between described the first housing and the second housing, and osmotic cell is divided into the first chamber and the second chamber, wherein,
Described the first housing middle part has opening, on the surface relative with described the second housing, is provided with the first seal element;
Described the second housing comprises first crossbeam, second cross beam and is connected to the vertical muscle of first between described first crossbeam and second cross beam; On described the second housing, there is the second through hole, run through described first crossbeam, the first vertical muscle, second cross beam, communicate with described the first chamber and described the first through hole; On described first crossbeam, filling opening is set, described testing liquid joins described the first chamber by described filling opening by described liquid feeding portion; Described first crossbeam is connected by the first web member with described the first housing, and is provided with the second seal element on the described first crossbeam surface relative with described the first housing.
3. device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described osmotic cell also comprises supporting member, described supporting member be arranged on described film and described the first housing and/or and the second housing between.
4. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pressure buffer chamber comprises upper cover body and bedplate, the internal cavities that described upper cover body and bedplate form is used for being filled with gas, described bedplate is arranged on described visor portion upper end, and on described bedplate, be provided with third through-hole, described third through-hole two ends communicate with described the first through hole, described cavity respectively, and described bedplate is connected by the second web member with described second cross beam.
5. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described visor portion is glass column, and described glass column inside has the first through hole, and described glass column has following one or more feature:
(i) diameter of described glass column is 1cm-20cm;
(ii) the pressure-bearing scope of described glass column is 100-200 atmospheric pressure;
(iii) on described glass column, there is scale mark.
6. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas delivery section comprises:
Gas is contained the portion of carrying, for containing gas carrier;
Air shooter, comprises snorkel, bleeder pipe, and to be delivered to described pressure buffer indoor for gas is contained to the portion of carrying by described gas for described snorkel, on described snorkel, threeway is set, and connects described bleeder pipe, for emitting the indoor gas of described pressure buffer.
7. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, a ball valve is set on described bleeder pipe; On described snorkel, set gradually a gas control valve, a ball valve.
8. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described liquid feeding portion comprises liquid-feeding tube, and described liquid-feeding tube communicates with the first chamber of described osmotic cell, and on described liquid-feeding tube, a valve is set.
9. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described film is forward osmosis membrane.
10. an osmotic pressure method of testing, is characterized in that, adopts device claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
(a) film is placed on to described osmotic cell inside, osmotic cell sealing is prevented to leakage;
(b) testing liquid is joined to the first chamber of described osmotic cell by described liquid feeding portion;
(c) described osmotic cell is placed in to reference fluids, the first chamber and testing liquid that described reference fluids enters into described osmotic cell by the second chamber of described osmotic cell, described film form mixed solution, and enter in the first through hole;
(d) reach the setting position of described the first through hole when described mixed solution, carry gas by gas delivery section to described pressure buffer chamber, make mixed solution maintain described settings;
(e) mixed solution maintains described setting position 0.5-2h, reads the force value on described tensimeter, is the osmotic pressure of testing liquid with the osmotic pressure sum of described reference fluids.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN104807729A (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2015-07-29 | 河南师范大学 | Polymer osmotic pressure measurement device and use method thereof |
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| CN103884629B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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