CN103884618A - Method for rapidly determining content of plated silver of silver-plated fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly determining the content of plated silver of silver-plated fibers. The method comprises the following steps: (1) baking a certain amount of to-be-determined silver-plated fibers to constant weight, and marking the mass as M; (2) cleaning a pycnometer, and placing the silver-coated fibers into the pycnometer; (3) filling the pycnometer loaded with the silver-plated fibers with distilled water, and putting into a vacuum vessel filled with distilled water, wherein the distilled water level is higher than the bottleneck of the pycnometer; (4) vacuumizing the vacuum vessel; (5) taking the pycnometer out after vacuumizing for 24 hours, and weighing the mass G of the pycnometer loaded with the silver-plated fibers; (6) taking the silver-plated fibers out of the pycnometer, filling the pycnometer with distilled water, putting the pycnometer filled with distilled water into a drying vessel, then vacuumizing, and weighing the mass g of the pycnometer which is only filled with distilled water; and (7) calculating to obtain the silver content. Data determined by the method provided by the invention is accurate, and the operation is simple and convenient.

Description

The method of the silver-plated content of a kind of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of assay method, the especially assay method of the silver-plated content of silver plated fiber of Fast Measurement surface metalation fibre metal content.

Background technology

Along with the development of economic construction and the progressively raising of people's living standard, the kind of various electronic equipments and household electrical appliance and quantity are also increasing, modern science and technology progress, all whiles are easily provided to human lives, has also brought many potential hazards, as a large amount of electromagnetic radiation pollutions.Electromagnetic radiation is a problem of domestic and international extensive concern, in the world it is called to the later the fourth-largest pollution source of continue water pollution, air pollution and noise pollution.

Because electromagnetic radiation is extensively present in people's life, working environment and day by day serious, people's concern and uneasiness are caused, so means, method and the material of protection electromagnetic radiation just arise at the historic moment.Be outside one's consideration except radiation source being shielded to reduce its electromagnetic field intensity around at present, the most economic, convenient and effective method is exactly the dress ornament of dressing anti-electromagnetic radiation.Silver plated fiber is the comparatively functional fiber of ripe a kind of anti-electromagnetic radiation of application at present, and it not only has excellent capability of electromagnetic shielding, and has good heat-insulating property, anti-microbial property and security etc.Silver plated fiber is as a kind of performance function fiber, has now been applied to the fields such as underwear, family spin, high-performance apparel, medical treatment, physical culture, organizational equipment.As far back as 20th century, Germany, Israel, the U.S. just take the lead in having launched the research of the metals such as copper facing on fiber, nickel, silver, and have developed Related product.At present, especially have the greatest impact with technology and the product of Germany, the U.S., technology is most advanced.Because silver-colored fiber is widely used in the field such as military project, space flight, therefore technology height is maintained secrecy, and product height blocks.Domestic silver-colored procedure of fibre production is started late, and only has at present 5,6 enterprises that silver-colored fiber product can be provided, and technical merit is lower.Along with silver-colored fiber is to the infiltration of commercial market, especially the application that silver plated fiber is loaded onto at radiation-proof pregnant woman, make the demand of silver-colored fiber increasing, but Present Domestic is almost blank to the fundamental research of silver-colored fiber, even silver content also can not find an authoritative department and goes detection.The silver content of silver fiber is the key factor that affects silver plated fiber cost, quality and performance.There is no at present special detection method, manufacturer does not know the silver content of product yet.This has seriously restricted the development of China's silver plated fiber aspect and the raising of Electromagnetically shielding fabrics Performance and quality, widened China and world-class gap, therefore the present invention proposes a kind of assay method of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber silver content of applicable popularization.Step into 21 century, the mankind's health, environmental consciousness strengthen, and the safety to textile, health, health properties are had higher requirement, and various functional fibers emerge in an endless stream.The specific functions such as, the deodorizing antibacterial because possess simultaneously of silver fiber, regulate body temperature, antistatic, magnetic therapy more and more receive people's concern.The acquisition of silver fiber is mainly by two kinds of methods: the one, and plate one deck fine silver at polymer surfaces and obtain silver plated fiber; The 2nd, in fiberizing process, add ultra-fine silver ion and the preparation of practical function fiber.Use at present the first technology to prepare the more of silver-colored fiber.But because silver-colored fiber is more expensive, directly do fabric cost with silver-colored fiber too high, conventionally do not use separately, but with other fiber blend or be woven into fabric.In textile, the content of silver not only has influence on the functional of textile, and in the mark of textile fiber content, requires garment material accurately to mark composition, to ensure consumer's interests.But silver-colored fiber is as the not corresponding evaluation of a kind of novel textile material, detection method.

Summary of the invention

The deficiency existing for prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is, provide one pycnometer method to test silver-colored fiber proportion, and then the method for calculating silver content, only need know the density of silver and substrate fiber, utilize density formula and law of conservation of mass can derive the method for the silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber of the massfraction of coating silver.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the method for the silver-plated content of a kind of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber, it is characterized in that, and comprise the steps:

(1), a certain amount of silver plated fiber to be measured is put into the baking oven of 50 ℃～70 ℃, within 2～4 hours, dry to constant weight, take out weigh, note quality is M, puts into exsiccator for subsequent use;

(2), pycnometer is cleaned up, the silver plated fiber of drying is taken out and packed in pycnometer from exsiccator;

(3), the pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed is filled to distilled water, put into and be added with distilled water vacuum ware, and make to distill the water surface and do not have pycnometer bottleneck, pycnometer is similar to " submarine " and is equally immersed in distilled water, in the time vacuumizing, when being drawn out of along with the air in bottle, distilled water is added in pycnometer automatically, makes the silver plated fiber state in being submerged always;

(4), vacuum ware is directly connected on vacuum pump by pipe, and vacuum ware is vacuumized, vacuum tightness need to reach 99.5%～99.9%;

(5), vacuumize after 24 hours, pycnometer is taken out, weigh the quality G of pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed;

(6), silver plated fiber in pycnometer is taken out, fill distilled water, the pycnometer of filling distilled water is put into the drying basin method of " submarine " and vacuumize, weighing up the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g;

(7), calculate, the dry mass of known silver plated fiber is M, exhausts the quality G that the pycnometer of silver plated fiber is housed after vacuum, the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g, the quality of establishing silver in silver plated fiber is M ₁, density is ρ ₁, the quality of substrate fiber is M ₂, density is ρ ₂, the volume of silver plated fiber is V.Under test temperature, the density of distilled water is ρ ₃, can calculate volume V=(the g+M-G)/ρ 3 of silver plated fiber, the quality of silver:

$M_1={\mathrm{\ρ}}_1\frac{M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2};$

So, the silver content in silver plated fiber is:

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{M_1}{M}\×100\%=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1(M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V)}{M({\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2)}\×100\%.$

The method of the above-mentioned silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber, in described step (1), silver plated fiber bake out temperature to be measured is set to 70 ℃, and drying time is 3 hours.

The method of the above-mentioned silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber, the vacuum tightness in described step (4), vacuum ware being vacuumized is 99.8%.

The advantage of the method for the silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber of the present invention is: although pycnometer method is a kind of physical method for measurement of species density of comparative maturity, have simple and easy to do, measurement result is feature accurately, but because fiber assembly contains large quantity of air, the proportion that records fiber by pycnometer method is very difficult in fact.The present invention is placed in pycnometer method under vacuum environment, to deviate from air wherein, adopts an effective measure liquid (as distilled water) note as wherein simultaneously, and then measures the silver-plated content of silver plated fiber., when pycnometer vacuumizes, pycnometer must be positioned in water, be that it builds the environment of a kind of similar " submarine " for this reason, the air in silver plated fiber all released guaranteeing, water can fill into again in time simultaneously.The vacuum pumping method of this " submarine " significantly improves testing efficiency, and data are more accurate, and easy and simple to handle; The method of the pycnometer method mensuration silver plated fiber silver content that the present invention proposes is simple to operate, and test result is accurate, is applicable to popularizing.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details;

Embodiment 1:

The method of the silver-plated content of a kind of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber of the present invention, comprises the steps:

(1), a certain amount of silver plated fiber to be measured is put into the baking oven of 50 ℃, within 4 hours, dry to constant weight, take out and weigh, note quality is M, puts into exsiccator for subsequent use;

(2), pycnometer is cleaned up, the silver plated fiber of drying is taken out and packed in pycnometer from exsiccator;

(3), the pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed is filled to distilled water, put into and be added with distilled water vacuum ware, and make to distill the water surface and do not have pycnometer bottleneck, pycnometer is similar to " submarine " and is equally immersed in distilled water, in the time vacuumizing, when being drawn out of along with the air in bottle, distilled water is added in pycnometer automatically, makes the silver plated fiber state in being submerged always;

(4), vacuum ware is directly connected on vacuum pump by pipe, and vacuum ware is vacuumized, vacuum tightness need to reach 99.5%;

(5), vacuumize after 24 hours, pycnometer is taken out, weigh the quality G of pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed;

(6), silver plated fiber in pycnometer is taken out, fill distilled water, the pycnometer of filling distilled water is put into the drying basin method of " submarine " and vacuumize, weighing up the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g;

(7), calculate, the dry mass of known silver plated fiber is M, exhausts the quality G that the pycnometer of silver plated fiber is housed after vacuum, the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g, the quality of establishing silver in silver plated fiber is M ₁, density is ρ ₁, the quality of substrate fiber is M ₂, density is ρ ₂, the volume of silver plated fiber is V.Under test temperature, the density of distilled water is ρ ₃, can calculate volume V=(the g+M-G)/ρ 3 of silver plated fiber, the quality of silver:

$M_1={\mathrm{\ρ}}_1\frac{M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2}$

So, the silver content in silver plated fiber is:

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{M_1}{M}\×100\%=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1(M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V)}{M({\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2)}\×100\%$

Embodiment 2:

The method of the silver-plated content of a kind of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber of the present invention, comprises the steps:

(1), a certain amount of silver plated fiber to be measured is put into the baking oven of 60 ℃, within 3 hours, dry to constant weight, take out and weigh, note quality is M, puts into exsiccator for subsequent use;

(2), pycnometer is cleaned up, the silver plated fiber of drying is taken out and packed in pycnometer from exsiccator;

(3), the pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed is filled to distilled water, put into and be added with distilled water vacuum ware, and make to distill the water surface and do not have pycnometer bottleneck, pycnometer is similar to " submarine " and is equally immersed in distilled water, in the time vacuumizing, when being drawn out of along with the air in bottle, distilled water is added in pycnometer automatically, makes the silver plated fiber state in being submerged always;

(4), vacuum ware is directly connected on vacuum pump by pipe, and vacuum ware is vacuumized, vacuum tightness need to reach 99.8%;

(5), vacuumize after 24 hours, pycnometer is taken out, weigh the quality G of pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed;

(6), silver plated fiber in pycnometer is taken out, fill distilled water, the pycnometer of filling distilled water is put into the drying basin method of " submarine " and vacuumize, weighing up the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g;

(7), calculate, the dry mass of known silver plated fiber is M, exhausts the quality G that the pycnometer of silver plated fiber is housed after vacuum, the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g, the quality of establishing silver in silver plated fiber is M ₁, density is ρ ₁, the quality of substrate fiber is M ₂, density is ρ ₂, the volume of silver plated fiber is V.Under test temperature, the density of distilled water is ρ ₃, can calculate volume V=(the g+M-G)/ρ 3 of silver plated fiber, the quality of silver:

$M_1={\mathrm{\ρ}}_1\frac{M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2}$

So, the silver content in silver plated fiber is:

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{M_1}{M}\×100\%=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1(M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V)}{M({\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2)}\×100\%$

Embodiment 3:

The method of the silver-plated content of a kind of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber of the present invention, comprises the steps:

(1), a certain amount of silver plated fiber to be measured is put into the baking oven of 70 ℃, within 2 hours, dry to constant weight, take out and weigh, note quality is M, puts into exsiccator for subsequent use;

(2), pycnometer is cleaned up, the silver plated fiber of drying is taken out and packed in pycnometer from exsiccator;

(3), the pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed is filled to distilled water, put into and be added with distilled water vacuum ware, and make to distill the water surface and do not have pycnometer bottleneck, pycnometer is similar to " submarine " and is equally immersed in distilled water, in the time vacuumizing, when being drawn out of along with the air in bottle, distilled water is added in pycnometer automatically, makes the silver plated fiber state in being submerged always;

(4), vacuum ware is directly connected on vacuum pump by pipe, and vacuum ware is vacuumized, vacuum tightness need to reach 99.9%;

(5), vacuumize after 24 hours, pycnometer is taken out, weigh the quality G of pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed;

(6), silver plated fiber in pycnometer is taken out, fill distilled water, the pycnometer of filling distilled water is put into the drying basin method of " submarine " and vacuumize, weighing up the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g;

(7), calculate, the dry mass of known silver plated fiber is M, exhausts the quality G that the pycnometer of silver plated fiber is housed after vacuum, the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g, the quality of establishing silver in silver plated fiber is M ₁, density is ρ ₁, the quality of substrate fiber is M ₂, density is ρ ₂, the volume of silver plated fiber is V.Under test temperature, the density of distilled water is ρ ₃, can calculate volume V=(the g+M-G)/ρ 3 of silver plated fiber, the quality of silver:

$M_1={\mathrm{\ρ}}_1\frac{M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2}$

So, the silver content in silver plated fiber is:

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{M_1}{M}\×100\%=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1(M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V)}{M({\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2)}\×100\%$

Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned giving an example; those skilled in the art; in essential scope of the present invention, variation, remodeling, interpolation or the replacement made, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a method for the silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

(1), a certain amount of silver plated fiber to be measured is put into the baking oven of 50 ℃～70 ℃, within 2～4 hours, dry to constant weight, take out weigh, note quality is M, puts into exsiccator for subsequent use;

(2), pycnometer is cleaned up, the silver plated fiber of drying is taken out and packed in pycnometer from exsiccator;

(3), the pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed is filled to distilled water, put into and be added with distilled water vacuum ware, and make to distill the water surface and do not have pycnometer bottleneck, pycnometer is similar to " submarine " and is equally immersed in distilled water, in the time vacuumizing, when being drawn out of along with the air in bottle, distilled water is added in pycnometer automatically, makes the silver plated fiber state in being submerged always;

(4), vacuum ware is directly connected on vacuum pump by pipe, and vacuum ware is vacuumized, vacuum tightness need to reach 99.5%～99.9%;

(5), vacuumize after 24 hours, pycnometer is taken out, weigh the quality G of pycnometer that silver plated fiber is housed;

(6), silver plated fiber in pycnometer is taken out, fill distilled water, the pycnometer of filling distilled water is put into the drying basin method of " submarine " and vacuumize, weighing up the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g;

(7), calculate, the dry mass of known silver plated fiber is M, exhausts the quality G that the pycnometer of silver plated fiber is housed after vacuum, the pycnometer quality that only fills distilled water is g, the quality of establishing silver in silver plated fiber is M ₁, density is ρ ₁, the quality of substrate fiber is M ₂, density is ρ ₂, the volume of silver plated fiber is V.Under test temperature, the density of distilled water is ρ ₃, can calculate volume V=(the g+M-G)/ρ 3 of silver plated fiber, the quality of silver:

$M_1={\mathrm{\ρ}}_1\frac{M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2};$

So, the silver content in silver plated fiber is:

$\mathrm{\α}=\frac{M_1}{M}\×100\%=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1(M-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{2}V)}{M({\mathrm{\ρ}}_1-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2)}\×100\%.$

2. the method for the silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), silver plated fiber bake out temperature to be measured is set to 70 ℃, and drying time is 3 hours.

3. the method for the silver-plated content of Fast Measurement silver plated fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vacuum tightness in described step (4), vacuum ware being vacuumized is 99.8%.