CN103884126B - Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator - Google Patents
Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103884126B CN103884126B CN201210556732.XA CN201210556732A CN103884126B CN 103884126 B CN103884126 B CN 103884126B CN 201210556732 A CN201210556732 A CN 201210556732A CN 103884126 B CN103884126 B CN 103884126B
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- hot junction
- regenerator
- coaxial type
- pulse tube
- venthole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1406—Pulse-tube cycles with pulse tube in co-axial or concentric geometrical arrangements
Abstract
The present invention relates to cryogenic technique field, specifically disclose a kind of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, it pulse tube comprising hot junction, regenerator and be arranged at regenerator inside, the lower end of pulse tube is all connected with hot junction with the lower end of regenerator; The top in hot junction is provided with pulse tube connecting hole, bottom is provided with venthole, and pulse tube connecting hole communicates with venthole, and pulse tube is arranged in pulse tube connecting hole, hot junction is provided with the multiple air admission holes along the distribution of venthole axial line circumference, and multiple air admission hole all communicates with regenerator.The multiple air admission holes of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator provided by the invention by arranging along axial line, gas can enter in regenerator by straight line, and flow resistance reduces; Multiple air admission hole also plays the effect of air deflector, ensure that the uniformity of air inlet; Multiple air admission hole increases the heat exchange area with Working medium gas, and heat transfer effect have also been obtained very large improvement.In addition, arrange the phase-modulation elements such as inertance tube inner through compressor, make refrigeration machine entirety compacter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cryogenic technique field, particularly a kind of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator.
Background technology
Pulse tube refrigerating machine divides linear pattern, the U-shaped and large kind of coaxial type three according to the arrangement of regenerator and pulse tube.Pulse tube and the regenerator of linear pattern pulse tube refrigerating machine are in a straight line, and this structure reduces the flow resistance of working medium to greatest extent, and refrigerating efficiency is the highest; But physical dimension is comparatively large, cold head mediates position, is unfavorable for and device couples.In coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, the pulse tube 9 ' of (as shown in Figure 1) is in regenerator 8 ' the inside, and working medium needs to turn 180 ° at cold head, and flow resistance is large, and efficiency is minimum; But structure is the compactest, be easy to and coupled apparatus.U-shaped pulse tube refrigerating machine is arranged in juxtaposition pulse tube and regenerator, and efficiency is between the two above-mentioned.
In order to overcome the defect of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator self as far as possible, improve its efficiency, need all parts of well-designed coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator.But there is following defect in existing coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator (see Fig. 1):
(1) air admission hole 7 ' is vertical with regenerator 8 ' is arranged, and is introduced into air admission hole 7 ' from compressor 3 ' gas out, and just can enter into regenerator 8 ' after then needing to turn certain angle, there is certain flow resistance in the middle of this, efficiency is low;
(2) hot junction of traditional structure does not have specially designed air deflector usually, or the silk screen only adopting several order numbers lower is as air deflector, therefore be difficult to ensure air inlet uniformity, with silk screen do air deflector also to a certain degree add its flow resistance, affect the performance of refrigeration machine;
(3) design of hot end heat exchanger is also a very important aspect of pulse tube refrigerating machine design, the hot junction of traditional structure is by single slit or single hole turnover gas, the working media contact surface of hot end heat exchanger and refrigerating device inner is very little, be unfavorable for that the heat of inside, refrigeration machine hot junction spreads out of, if traditional structure will increase the heat exchange area with internal working medium gas, only have and could realize by increasing its hot junction size, cause refrigeration machine volume large like this, structure bulky;
(4) refrigeration machine is separated with compressor, and centre is connected by tube connector, and loosely organized, impact resistance is poor;
(5) for hot-side heat dissipation device, air deflector, bidirectional air intake structure, in traditional structure, this three is normally separated, and they all belong to different parts, so also causes loosely organized, enlarged volume.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, and need to turn certain angle from compressor gas out in prior art just can enter into regenerator to solve, efficiency is low; In addition, hot junction does not have guide functions, and intake uniformity is poor; The working media contact surface of hot junction and refrigerating device inner is little, is unfavorable for the problems such as the heat of inside, refrigeration machine hot junction spreads out of.Further, this invention also solves the problems such as refrigeration machine is loosely organized, enlarged volume, impact resistance difference.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, comprise hot junction, regenerator and be arranged at the pulse tube of regenerator inside, described pulse tube and regenerator are coaxially arranged, and the lower end of described pulse tube is all connected with hot junction with the lower end of described regenerator; It is characterized in that, the top in described hot junction is provided with pulse tube connecting hole, bottom is provided with venthole, described pulse tube connecting hole communicates with venthole, described pulse tube is arranged in pulse tube connecting hole, described hot junction is also provided with multiple air admission holes of the axial line circumference distribution along venthole, and multiple air admission hole all communicates with described regenerator.
Preferably, multiple air admission hole is uniformly distributed.
Preferably, inside, described hot junction is provided with one or more bidirectional air intake structure, and described bidirectional air intake structure both directly communicated with air admission hole, directly communicated again with venthole.
Preferably, described bidirection air intake mechanism is through hole, needle-valve, nozzle or capillary.
Preferably, the phase-modulation element that described coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator also comprises adpting flange, compressor and is connected with venthole lower end, described hot junction is connected with compressor by adpting flange, and described phase-modulation element is connected with air reservoir through behind compressor inside.
Preferably, described phase-modulation element is inertance tube or the little ports valve being connected to tube connector.
Preferably, described hot junction is connected with cooling device.
Preferably, the lower end in described hot junction is provided with air inlet guide cone.
Preferably, the material in described hot junction is one or more the combination in red copper, brass, oxygen-free copper or stainless steel.
(3) beneficial effect
Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator provided by the invention is by arranging multiple air admission hole along axial line, and air inlet need not be turned round, and gas can enter in regenerator by straight line, and flow resistance reduces; Multiple air admission hole serves the effect of air deflector, ensure that the uniformity of air inlet; Multiple air admission hole increases the heat exchange area with Working medium gas, and heat transfer effect have also been obtained very large improvement.Further, by adpting flange, hot junction and compressor etc. are coupled into one, arrange phase-modulation element inner through compressor, make the compact conformation of refrigeration, conveniently moving, impact resistance high.In addition, hot junction of the present invention structure serves the function of radiator, air deflector, bidirection air intake simultaneously, compact conformation, effectively improves refrigeration performance and the efficiency of refrigeration machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of pulse tube refrigerating machine in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation in hot junction in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 3 hot junction schematic top plan view.
In Fig. 1,3 ': compressor; 7 ': air admission hole; 8 ': regenerator; 9 ': pulse tube;
In Fig. 2-4,1: air reservoir; 2: inertance tube; 3: compressor; 4: adpting flange; 5: air inlet guide cone; 6: nozzle; 7, air admission hole; 8: regenerator; 9: pulse tube; 10: pulse tube connecting hole; 11: needle-valve; 12: venthole; 13: cone-shaped interface; 14:O type elastic tape; 15: nozzle blanking cover.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood.
In addition, in describing the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple ", " many ", " many groups " is two or more.
It should be noted that, the centre-to-centre spacing of air admission hole of the present invention refers to the distance between the axial line of air admission hole and the axial line of venthole.
As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the invention provides a kind of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, it comprises: hot junction, regenerator 8 and be arranged at the pulse tube 9 of regenerator 8 inside, and pulse tube 9 and regenerator 8 are coaxially arranged, and the lower end of pulse tube 9 is all connected with hot junction with the lower end of regenerator 8; The top in hot junction is provided with pulse tube connecting hole 10, bottom is provided with venthole 12, pulse tube connecting hole 10 communicates with venthole 12, pulse tube 9 is arranged in pulse tube connecting hole 10, hot junction is also provided with multiple air admission holes 7 of the axial line circumference distribution along venthole 12, and multiple air admission hole 7 all communicates with regenerator 8.
Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator provided by the invention is by arranging multiple air admission hole along axial line, and air inlet need not be turned round, and gas can enter in regenerator by straight line, and flow resistance reduces; Multiple air admission hole serves the effect of air deflector, ensure that the uniformity of air inlet; Multiple air admission hole increases the heat exchange area with Working medium gas, and heat transfer effect have also been obtained very large improvement; Hot junction directly contacts with external environment condition, can by extraneous air-cooled or water-cooled reinforcement cooling.
Wherein, hot junction is discoid, or other shapes, preferred disk shapes.Venthole 12 is arranged on the center in hot junction, and the axial line of venthole 12 overlaps substantially with the axial line in discoid hot junction; The shape of venthole 12 can be circular hole, square hole etc., and also can be the through hole of other shape, hole depth be 0mm to 100mm.More preferably, the upper end of venthole 12 is provided with cone-shaped interface 13, and the tapering of cone-shaped interface 13 is for being greater than zero degree and being less than 180 degree.Cone-shaped interface 13 mainly avoids there is abrupt-change cross section between pulse tube connecting hole 10 and venthole 12, plays transition buffer.
Wherein, air admission hole 7 is the aperture of some, its shape can be circular, square or other shape, its quantity is 1 to 360, and the size of each air admission hole 7 can be identical, also can not be identical, equivalent diameter is 0.01mm to 30mm, air admission hole 7 can be uniformly distributed along the axial line circumference of venthole 12, also can non-uniform Distribution, and preferred multiple air admission hole 7 circumference is uniformly distributed.The distance of the axial line of the axial line distance venthole 12 of air admission hole 7 is greater than the external diameter of pulse tube connecting hole 10.The effect of air admission hole 7, except air inlet, can also play the effect of air deflector, carries out water conservancy diversion, make air inlet uniformity to air inlet; In addition multiple air admission hole 7 increases the heat exchange area of hot junction and Working medium gas, and the higher Working medium gas of hot-side temperature is by the contact heat-shift with air admission hole 7 surface, and therefore heat transfer effect have also been obtained very large improvement.Refrigeration machine adopts axial admission, not only makes refrigeration machine air inlet smooth and easy, and flow resistance reduces, and performance also improves.
Wherein, the diameter of pulse tube connecting hole 10 can be slightly less than, be equal to or greater than the external diameter of the pulse tube 9 be attached thereto, and its degree of depth is 0mm to 20mm.The diameter of pulse tube connecting hole 10 and the degree of depth also can set according to concrete pulse tube 9.
Further, inside, hot junction is provided with one or more bidirectional air intake structure, and bidirectional air intake structure both directly communicated with air admission hole 7, directly communicates again with venthole 12.Bidirection air intake mechanism can be through hole, needle-valve 11, nozzle 6 or capillary.If the quantity of bidirectional air intake structure is one, then can be single aperture, needle-valve 11, nozzle 6, capillary or other bilateral element; If the quantity of bidirectional air intake structure is multiple, then it can be two or more the combination any in aperture, needle-valve 11, nozzle 6, capillary or some other resistance element.Bidirectional air intake structure makes the compact overall structure of refrigeration machine, easy to adjust, effectively can play the effect of bidirection air intake.
The bidirectional air intake structure that the present embodiment provides is two, is made up of (as shown in Figure 3) a needle-valve 11 and a nozzle 6.Needle-valve 11 and nozzle 6 are positioned at the two ends of the diameter in hot junction, and the diameter of the needle of needle-valve 11 is 1.5mm, needle point tapering °, with O shape elastic tape 14 side seal between needle and hot junction, with anti-gas-leak.Nozzle 6 with nozzle blanking cover 15 and O shape elastic tape 14 side seal, prevents internal system gas from leaking outside after installing.
Bidirection air intake process is as follows: the endoporus directly axially flowing through adpting flange 4 from compressor 3 gas out, enter in air admission hole 7 after gas channeling cone guiding, be divided into two parts by bidirectional air intake structure afterwards: a part directly enters into pulse tube 9, then enter in air reservoir 1 through phase-modulation element such as inertance tube 2 grade; Another part flows out air admission hole 7, then enters regenerator 8 successively, pulse tube 9, cone-shaped interface 13, venthole 12 enter into the phase-modulation elements such as inertance tube 2, then flow back to air reservoir 1.
Further, the phase-modulation element that coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator also comprises adpting flange 4, compressor 3 and is connected with venthole 12 lower end, hot junction is connected with compressor 3 by adpting flange 4, and be connected with air reservoir 1 after phase-modulation element is inner through compressor 3, air reservoir 1 is positioned at below compressor 3.Hot junction and compressor 3 arrange all-in-one-piece structure and make the compacter and conveniently moving of the structure of refrigeration machine.In addition, between hot junction and regenerator 8, available Flange joint, makes compact conformation.
Wherein, phase-modulation element can be inertance tube 2, be connected to the little ports valve of tube connector or other phase-modulation element.Venthole 12 lower end and phase-modulation element are tightly connected, and concrete connected mode can be welding (such as soldering, soldering etc.), be threaded or other mode that is tightly connected.
Further, the lower end in hot junction is provided with air inlet guide cone 5, and effect is led to air inlet, makes gas enter into air admission hole 7 smoothly, and its range of taper is 0-180 degree, can arrange taper value as required.Air inlet guide cone 5 in the present embodiment is conical, and its upper surface diameter is greater than the diameter of lower surface, and the diameter of upper surface can not be greater than the distance between the axial line of air admission hole 7 and venthole 12 axial line.
Further, the lower end in hot junction is provided with the adpting flange seam of projection shape, and the position that adpting flange 4 is relative with adpting flange seam is provided with the groove matched with adpting flange seam.Adpting flange seam mainly in order to ensure install time adpting flange 4 and hot junction strictly concentric.The external diameter of adpting flange seam is less than or equal to the internal diameter of adpting flange 4, and the internal diameter of adpting flange seam is more than or equal to the centre-to-centre spacing of air admission hole 7 and the aperture sum of air admission hole 7, and its longitudinal length is 0mm to 20mm, also can specifically arrange as required.
Hot junction adopts copper or that other heat conductivility is excellent materials processing to form, such as red copper, brass, oxygen-free copper or stainless steel, and copper class material thermal conductivity is good, contributes to heat radiation.The material in hot junction can be homogenous material, also can be any combination of multiple material.
Hot junction can connect cooling device, to strengthen its heat transfer effect, such as, and air cooler and water cooling equipment; Certainly also can not connect miscellaneous equipment, directly contact with external environment.Hot junction in refrigeration machine provided by the invention directly contacts with external environment, is convenient on the one hand or water-cooled air-cooled by the external world or other type of cooling cools, and is also convenient to the adjustment of bidirection air intake on the other hand.
The refrigeration temperature levels that coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator provided by the invention is suitable for is 120K to 1K, and applicable refrigerating capacity scope is that milliwatt level is to multikilowatt.
Present invention improves the intake method of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, the function realizing efficient hot end heat exchanger, hot junction air deflector and bidirectional air intake structure can be concentrated in hot junction simultaneously, improve compactedness and the refrigeration performance of coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator.Wherein, arrange multiple air admission hole along axial line, water conservancy diversion is carried out to refrigeration machine air inlet, ensure that the uniformity of air inlet; Multiple air admission hole also increases the heat exchange area with Working medium gas, and heat transfer effect have also been obtained very large improvement; By adpting flange, refrigeration machine and compressor are coupled into one completely, make the structure of refrigeration machine closely, impact resistance is high, use, conveniently moving.Adopt coaxial type pulse tube of the present invention can be convenient in experiment development debug process, the research and development time can be shortened, and refrigeration performance and efficiency are improved significantly.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator, comprise hot junction, regenerator and be arranged at the pulse tube of regenerator inside, described pulse tube and regenerator are coaxially arranged, and the lower end of described pulse tube is all connected with hot junction with the lower end of described regenerator; It is characterized in that, the top in described hot junction is provided with pulse tube connecting hole, bottom is provided with venthole, described pulse tube connecting hole communicates with venthole, described pulse tube is arranged in pulse tube connecting hole, described hot junction is also provided with multiple air admission holes of the axial line circumference distribution along venthole, and multiple air admission hole all communicates with described regenerator;
The phase-modulation element that described coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator also comprises adpting flange, compressor and is connected with venthole lower end, described hot junction is connected with compressor by adpting flange, and described phase-modulation element is connected with air reservoir through behind compressor inside.
2. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, multiple air admission hole is uniformly distributed.
3. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, inside, described hot junction is provided with one or more bidirectional air intake structure, and described bidirectional air intake structure both directly communicated with air admission hole, directly communicated again with venthole.
4. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described bidirection air intake mechanism is through hole, needle-valve, nozzle or capillary.
5. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described phase-modulation element is inertance tube or the little ports valve being connected to tube connector.
6. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hot junction is connected with cooling device.
7. coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the lower end in described hot junction is provided with air inlet guide cone.
8. the coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator as described in any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, the material in described hot junction is one or more the combination in red copper, brass, oxygen-free copper or stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210556732.XA CN103884126B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210556732.XA CN103884126B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103884126A CN103884126A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN103884126B true CN103884126B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210556732.XA Active CN103884126B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Coaxial type pulse pipe refrigerator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0614059A1 (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-09-07 | Cryotechnologies | Cooler with a cold finger of pulse tube type |
| CN2566196Y (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-08-13 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Non-magnetic low vibration coaxial pulse pipe refrigerator |
| CN1467461A (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-14 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Nonmagnetic low-vibration coaxial impulse pipe refrigerating machine |
| CN101012981A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-08 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Cold accumulator type refrigeration machine |
| CN102735088A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Conical slit-type hot end heat exchanger of coaxial pulse tube refrigerator and manufacturing method |
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2012
- 2012-12-19 CN CN201210556732.XA patent/CN103884126B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0614059A1 (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1994-09-07 | Cryotechnologies | Cooler with a cold finger of pulse tube type |
| CN2566196Y (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-08-13 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Non-magnetic low vibration coaxial pulse pipe refrigerator |
| CN1467461A (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-14 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Nonmagnetic low-vibration coaxial impulse pipe refrigerating machine |
| CN101012981A (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-08 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Cold accumulator type refrigeration machine |
| CN102735088A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-17 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Conical slit-type hot end heat exchanger of coaxial pulse tube refrigerator and manufacturing method |
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| Title |
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| 19.3K单级高频脉冲管制冷机的实验研究;金海等;《工程热物理学报》;20120731;第33卷(第7期);1119-1121 * |
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