CN103883195A - Railway vehicle front cover opening and closing mechanism and design method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a railway vehicle front cover opening and closing mechanism and a design method thereof. The railway vehicle front cover opening and closing mechanism comprises a left front cover and a right front cover arranged symmetrically, and a power mechanism for driving the left and right front covers to open and close; the power mechanism comprises a mounting base, an opening/closing air cylinder, a left four-bar linkage and a right four-bar linkage, wherein the opening/closing air cylinder is fixed on the mounting base, the mounting base is fixed on an underframe, the left and right linkages are respectively composed of four continuous linkages, the front end parts of the left and right linkages are fixedly connected with the left front cover and right front cover respectively, the initial points of two first linkages at left and right are jointly hinged to a stationary shaft, the stationary shaft is fixed on the mounting base, and connection points of two second linkages at left and right and two third linkages at left and right are mutually hinged to each other in a crossing manner. According to the railway vehicle front cover opening and closing mechanism, by using the simple four-bar linkages, the left and right front covers can be opened according to specific motion rails to bypass other barriers, the motion is completed in one step, the complexity of the opening-closing device is effectively reduced, the cost of the device is reduced, the structure is simple and the function is practical.

Description

Rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover and method for designing

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of front shroud of rail vehicle head, particularly a kind of rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover and method for designing, belongs to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.

Background technology

Rail vehicle is in the time hanging together or rescue, need to carry out the connection of hitch, the demand hanging together in order to meet vehicle, the leading section of current track vehicle headstock all adopts the front cover structure of split type automatic shutter, front shroud is driven by switching mechanism, in the time that vehicle normally moves, front shroud closure, when needed, open front shroud left and right, reserve necessary space for hitch hangs together, hitch carries out automatically release and extends and be connected, to realize the heavily connection between train or fault train is rescued.

Before the existing EMUs of order, cover opening/closing device adopts slideway, gathering sill mechanism more, or direct Unscrew, and movement locus is simple, and front shroud is built in car body inside after opening.Along with making constant progress of rail vehicle, drivers' cab profile is with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements and inner space is nervous, front shroud to open sports envelope space more and more less, open track more and more harsher, front shroud needs multistep action or special track just can open, because existing switching mechanism running orbit is simple, be difficult to reach switching requirement.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention is to address the above problem and is not enough, a kind of rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover and method for designing are provided, the front shroud that solution must not be opened by simple rotation or rectilinear motion opens and closes problem, and front shroud can be opened according to particular track, and can avoid interfering with other component.

For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover, comprise symmetrically arranged left front cover and right front cover, the actuating unit that drives described left front cover and right front cover to open and close, described actuating unit is fixed on floor underframe for vehicle, described actuating unit comprises mount pad, open and close cylinder, left quadric chain and right quadric chain, described switching cylinder is fixed on described mount pad, described mount pad is fixed on described underframe, described left quadric chain and right connecting rod mechanism are respectively by continuous first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod, the 4th connecting rod composition, hinged between described first connecting rod and second connecting rod, described second connecting rod and third connecting rod form an elongated straight-bar, between described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod, fixed angle is connected, the leading section of two described the 4th connecting rods is fixedly connected with right front cover with described left front cover respectively, the starting point of two the described first connecting rods in left and right is hinged on fixed axis jointly, described fixed axis is fixed on described mount pad, the mutual cross-articulation of tie point between the described second connecting rod in two of left and right and third connecting rod, the expansion link of described switching cylinder is connected with described left quadric chain and right quadric chain.

Further, described left quadric chain and second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod in right connecting rod mechanism are set to respectively parallel upper and lower two, between upper and lower two described the 4th connecting rods, connect by connecting rod, the initiating terminal of upper and lower two described second connecting rods is hinged by hinge.

Further, the telescopic end of described switching cylinder is connected by two the described first connecting rods in push rod and left and right, or the telescopic end of described switching cylinder is connected in the crosspoint place between described second connecting rod and third connecting rod.

Further, the crosspoint place between the described second connecting rod in two of left and right and third connecting rod arranges an intermediate pin, on described mount pad, is provided with a middle chute along car body longitudinal centre line, and described intermediate pin slides in chute in the middle of described.

Further, in left and right, the bottom at the tie point place of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod is respectively provided with roller or slide block, and described roller or slide block move in the plane of described mount pad.

Further, be provided with the slideway arranging along the movement locus of described roller or slide block on described mount pad, described roller or slide block move in described slideway.

Further, leading section movement locus point E (x, the y) coordinate of described the 4th connecting rod meets following equation,

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=\frac{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}\&CenterDot;\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\cos [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;L_4\\ y=\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left(\arcsin \frac{\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1}{L_2}\right)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)+\sin [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png,HDA00002619264000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_4\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, angle when angle [alpha] is described first connecting rod original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, span is

L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄be respectively the length value of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod;

Angle beta is the angle between described third connecting rod and described the 4th connecting rod, and angle beta is constant.

Further, the movement locus coordinate of the tie point D (x, y) of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod meets following equation,

$y=\cos \left[\arcsin (\frac{L_2}{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}\&CenterDot;x)\right]\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left[\arcsin \left(\frac{x}{L_3}\right)\right]\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)$

Wherein, x span is:

L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄be respectively the length value of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod.

Another technical scheme of the present invention is:

A method for designing for above-mentioned rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover, specifically comprises the steps:

A, first suppose the length value L of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta is a numerical value, in the following formula of substitution, determine the movement locus of leading section E (x, the y) point of left and right the 4th connecting rod,

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=\frac{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}\&CenterDot;\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\cos [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;L_4\\ y=\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left(\arcsin \frac{\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1}{L_2}\right)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)+\sin [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png,HDA00002619264000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_4\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, angle when angle [alpha] is described first connecting rod original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, span is

Angle beta is the angle between described third connecting rod and described the 4th connecting rod, and angle beta is constant;

B, constantly adjust length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta value, make the movement locus of leading section each point get around obstruction;

C, in the time that the movement locus of left and right the 4th connecting rod leading section each point can get around obstruction, length value L now ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta value is end value;

D, by length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃the following formula of end value substitution, calculate the movement locus of the tie point D (x, y) of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod,

$y=\cos \left[\arcsin (\frac{L_2}{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}\&CenterDot;x)\right]\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left[\arcsin \left(\frac{x}{L_3}\right)\right]\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)$

Wherein, x span is:

E, the movement locus of ordering by D are determined the flat shape of mount pad.

Further, in left and right, the bottom at the tie point D point place of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod is respectively provided with roller or slide block, and described roller or slide block roll in the plane of described mount pad.

To sum up content, a kind of rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover of the present invention and method for designing, solve the front shroud that can not open by simple rotation or rectilinear motion and opened and closed problem, having realized left and right front shroud by simple quadric chain opens by special exercise track, to get around other obstruction, avoid interfering with other component, also making some need action that multistep is opened to be combined into a step has moved, effectively reduce the complexity of opening and closing device, reduce the cost of device, accomplish simple in structure, practical function, be suitable for the front shroud of most of rail vehicles.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is front cover structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of switching mechanism for front cover of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is four-bar linkage structure track schematic diagram calculation of the present invention.

As shown in figures 1 and 3, left front cover 1, right front cover 2, actuating unit 3, mount pad 4, open and close cylinder 5, left quadric chain 6, right quadric chain 7, left first connecting rod 8, right first connecting rod 9, left second connecting rod 10, right second connecting rod 11, left third connecting rod 12, right third connecting rod 13, left the 4th connecting rod 14, right the 4th connecting rod 15, left the first pin joint 16, right the first pin joint 17, crosspoint 18, fixed axis 19, left connecting rod 20, right connecting rod 21, left hinge 22, right hinge 23, middle chute 24.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail:

Embodiment mono-:

As shown in Figure 1, head at railway vehicle cab is symmetrically set with left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 along car body longitudinal centre line, left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 are curved, consistent with the streamline profile of car body head while closing, while ensureing vehicle operating, do not increase running resistance, left front cover 1 is connected with actuating unit 3 with right front cover 2, left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 open or close to both sides under the driving of actuating unit 3, in opening procedure, left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 will be avoided in car other component, and actuating unit 3 is fixed in the upper plane of floor underframe for vehicle.Left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 all adopt glass fiber reinforced plastic manufacture, not only can ensure can also reduce weight by its strength and stiffness, meet the light-weighted requirement of vehicle, have also promoted the overall appearance effect of headstock simultaneously.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, comprise mount pad 4, open and close cylinder 5, left quadric chain 6 and right quadric chain 7 for the actuating unit 3 that drives left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to open and close.Wherein, mount pad 4 is horizontal frame structures, be fixed on floor underframe for vehicle, opening and closing cylinder 5 is fixedly mounted on mount pad 4, the expansion link end that opens and closes cylinder 5 is connected with left quadric chain 6 and right quadric chain 7, drive left quadric chain 6 and right quadric chain 7 to move, and then drive left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to open and close.

Left quadric chain 6 is made up of continuous left first connecting rod 8, left second connecting rod 10, left third connecting rod 12, left the 4th connecting rod 14.Right connecting rod mechanism 7 is made up of continuous right first connecting rod 9, right second connecting rod 11, right third connecting rod 13, right the 4th connecting rod 15.

The starting point (A point) of left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9 is hinged on fixed axis 19 jointly, and fixed axis 19 is fixed on mount pad 4.The leading section of left the 4th connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected with (E point) with left front cover 1, the leading section of right the 4th connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected with (E point) with right front cover 2.

Between left first connecting rod 8 and left second connecting rod 10, locate hinged at left the first pin joint 16 (B point), between right first connecting rod 9 and right second connecting rod 11, locate hinged at right the first pin joint 17 (B point), left second connecting rod 10 and left third connecting rod 12 form an elongated straight-bar, an elongated straight-bar of right second connecting rod 11 formation same with right third connecting rod 13, left and right two parts are at left second connecting rod 10 and left third connecting rod 12, right second connecting rod 11 intersects mutually with the tie point place of right third connecting rod 13, in crosspoint 18, (C point) located mutual left and right two parts and is hinged.Between left third connecting rod 12 and left the 4th connecting rod 14, between (D point) and right third connecting rod 13 and right the 4th connecting rod 15, (D point) is all connected with fixed angle β.

Left second connecting rod 10, left third connecting rod 12, left the 4th connecting rod 14, right second connecting rod 11, right third connecting rod 13 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 are set to respectively parallel upper and lower two, between the 4th connecting rod 14 of upper and lower two left sides, be fixedly connected with by left connecting rod 20, between the 4th connecting rod 15 of upper and lower two right sides, connect by right connecting rod 21, the initiating terminal of upper and lower two left second connecting rods 10 is articulated and connected by left hinge 22, and the initiating terminal of upper and lower two right second connecting rods 11 is articulated and connected by right hinge 23.The leading section of upper and lower two left side the 4th connecting rods 14 is fixedly connected on left front cover 1, and the leading section of upper and lower two right side the 4th connecting rods 15 is fixedly connected on right front cover 2, makes left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 motion processes more steady, and can improve its bulk strength and rigidity.

The telescopic end that opens and closes cylinder 5 is connected in 18 places, crosspoint, when the expansion link of switching cylinder 5 stretches out forward, promoting crosspoint 18 moves forward, left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9 mutually close up under thrust, quadric chain extends, and left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 mutually close up and drive left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to close up to close.On the contrary, when the expansion link of switching cylinder 5 is retracted backward, promote crosspoint 18 and move backward, drive left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to open to both sides.

The movement locus in crosspoint 18 is all the time in the direction in car body longitudinal centre line, steady in order to ensure parallel motion, in the present embodiment, at 18 places, crosspoint, one intermediate pin (not shown) is set downwards, chute 24 be provided with one along car body longitudinal centre line on mount pad 4 in the middle of, intermediate pin is in the interior slip of middle chute 24.

For quadric chain, length and the angle of left quadric chain 6 and right quadric chain 7 are all identical, in length and angle definite in the situation that, the movement locus of the tie point (D point) between the tie point (D point) between left third connecting rod 12 and left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right third connecting rod 13 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 is fixed, in the present embodiment, bottom at left and right tie point (D point) is respectively provided with roller or slide block, the shape of the Its Track Design mount pad 4 of ordering according to D, make roller or slide block in the plane of mount pad 4, roll or slide, give the motion of quadric chain to support preferably.The movement locus that can also order by D on mount pad 4 arranges corresponding slideway, makes roller or slide block in slideway, roll or slide.

The movement locus of left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 leading section each points is representing the movement locus of left front cover 1 and right front cover 2, and the movement locus of E (x, y) point will be avoided all obstructions.

The movement locus coordinate of left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 leading section E (x, y) points meets following equation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=\frac{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}\&CenterDot;\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\cos [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;L_4\\ y=\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left(\arcsin \frac{\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1}{L_2}\right)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)+\sin [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png,HDA00002619264000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_4\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, angle [alpha] is left first connecting rod 8 and the angle of right first connecting rod 9 in the time of original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, and angle [alpha] span is

L ₁for the length of left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9, L ₂for the length of left second connecting rod 10 and right second connecting rod 11, L ₃for length, the L of left third connecting rod 12 and right third connecting rod 13 ₄for the length of left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15.Wherein, L ₁and L ₂numerical value equate.

Angle beta is the angle between left third connecting rod 12 and left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right third connecting rod 13 and right the 4th connecting rod 15, and angle beta is constant.

The movement locus coordinate of tie point D (x, y) between left third connecting rod 12 and left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right third connecting rod 13 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 meets following equation,

$y=\cos \left[\arcsin (\frac{L_2}{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}\&CenterDot;x)\right]\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left[\arcsin \left(\frac{x}{L_3}\right)\right]\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)$

Wherein, x span is:

The method for designing of describing above-mentioned rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover below in detail, specifically comprises the steps:

A, first suppose length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta is a numerical value, in the following formula of substitution, determine the movement locus of left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 leading section E (x, y) points,

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=\frac{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2}\&CenterDot;\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\cos [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;L_4\\ y=\cos \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left(\arcsin \frac{\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&CenterDot;L_1}{L_2}\right)\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)+\sin [\frac{3\mathrm{\&pi;}}{2}-\mathrm{\&beta;}-\arcsin \left(\frac{L_1\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}{L_2}\right)]\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png,HDA00002619264000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_4\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, angle [alpha] is left first connecting rod 8 and the angle of right first connecting rod 9 in the time of original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, and angle [alpha] span is

E (x, y) point can be selected several main movement characteristic points of front shroud outline and interior profile, as two end points and middle peak.

B, constantly adjust length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta value, and then draw different E (x, y) movement locus, tentatively determine the length of each connecting rod with the calculating (inequality calculating) of comparing of obstruction coordinate, make leading section E (x, y) movement locus gets around obstruction, and this step can have been calculated automatically by computer.

C, in the time that the movement locus of left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 leading section each points can get around obstruction, length value L now ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta value is end value, in the present embodiment, through calculating accurately, draw L ₁=L ₂=398mm, L ₃=318mm, L ₄=360, β=136 degree.

D, by length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃the following formula of end value substitution, calculate the movement locus of tie point D (x, y),

$y=\cos \left[\arcsin (\frac{L_2}{L_1\&CenterDot;L_3}\&CenterDot;x)\right]\&CenterDot;L_1+\cos \left[\arcsin \left(\frac{x}{L_3}\right)\right]\&CenterDot;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00002619264000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_2+L_3)$

Wherein, x span is:

E, the movement locus of ordering by D are determined the flat shape of mount pad 4.

F, be respectively provided with roller or slide block in the bottom of left and right tie point (D point), the shape of the Its Track Design mount pad 4 of ordering according to D, make roller or slide block in the plane of mount pad 4, roll or slide, give the motion of quadric chain to support preferably.The movement locus that can also order by D on mount pad 4 arranges corresponding slideway, makes roller or slide block in slideway, roll or slide.

By above-mentioned simple calculation procedure and the specific connected mode of quadric chain, by controlling the length (L of each connecting rod ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄) and connecting rod initial state angle (α, β), can realize various rail vehicle front shroud special exercise tracks, avoid interfering with other component, making some need multistep opening action to be combined into a step has moved, effectively reduce the complexity of device, reduce installation cost, accomplish simple in structure, practical function, and be suitable for the front cover opening/closing device of most of rail vehicles.

Embodiment bis-:

Be with embodiment mono-difference, the telescopic end that opens and closes cylinder 5 is connected with left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9 by push rod (not shown), push rod divides two sections of canned paragraph and rotational segment, the expansion link that opens and closes cylinder 5 is fixedly connected with canned paragraph, rotational segment is two and is connected with left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9 respectively, between canned paragraph and rotational segment, is rotationally connected by rotating shaft.When the expansion link of switching cylinder 5 stretches out forward, push rod promotes forward left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9, left first connecting rod 8 and right first connecting rod 9 mutually close up under thrust, quadric chain extends, and left the 4th connecting rod 14 and right the 4th connecting rod 15 mutually close up and drive left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to close up to close.On the contrary, when the expansion link of switching cylinder 5 is retracted backward, drive left front cover 1 and right front cover 2 to open to both sides.

As mentioned above, given scheme content, can derive similar technical scheme by reference to the accompanying drawings.In every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover, comprise symmetrically arranged left front cover and right front cover, the actuating unit that drives described left front cover and right front cover to open and close, described actuating unit is fixed on floor underframe for vehicle, it is characterized in that: described actuating unit comprises mount pad, open and close cylinder, left quadric chain and right quadric chain, described switching cylinder is fixed on described mount pad, described mount pad is fixed on described underframe, described left quadric chain and right connecting rod mechanism are respectively by continuous first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod, the 4th connecting rod composition, hinged between described first connecting rod and second connecting rod, described second connecting rod and third connecting rod form an elongated straight-bar, between described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod, fixed angle is connected, the leading section of two described the 4th connecting rods is fixedly connected with right front cover with described left front cover respectively, the starting point of two the described first connecting rods in left and right is hinged on fixed axis jointly, described fixed axis is fixed on described mount pad, the mutual cross-articulation of tie point between the described second connecting rod in two of left and right and third connecting rod, the expansion link of described switching cylinder is connected with described left quadric chain and right quadric chain.

2. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described left quadric chain and second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod in right connecting rod mechanism are set to respectively parallel upper and lower two, between upper and lower two described the 4th connecting rods, connect by connecting rod, the initiating terminal of upper and lower two described second connecting rods is hinged by hinge.

3. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the telescopic end of described switching cylinder is connected by two the described first connecting rods in push rod and left and right, or the telescopic end of described switching cylinder is connected in the crosspoint place between described second connecting rod and third connecting rod.

4. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the crosspoint place between the described second connecting rod in two of left and right and third connecting rod arranges an intermediate pin, chute be provided with one along car body longitudinal centre line on described mount pad in the middle of, described intermediate pin slides in chute in the middle of described.

5. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in left and right, the bottom at the tie point place of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod is respectively provided with roller or slide block, and described roller or slide block move in the plane of described mount pad.

6. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 5, is characterized in that: on described mount pad, be provided with the slideway arranging along the movement locus of described roller or slide block, described roller or slide block move in described slideway.

7. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: leading section movement locus point E (x, the y) coordinate of described the 4th connecting rod meets following equation,

Wherein, angle when angle [alpha] is described first connecting rod original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, span is

L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄be respectively the length value of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod;

Angle beta is the angle between described third connecting rod and described the 4th connecting rod, and angle beta is constant.

8. rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the movement locus coordinate of the tie point D (x, y) of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod meets following equation,

Wherein, x span is:

L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄be respectively the length value of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod.

9. a method for designing for the rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover as described in claim 1-8 any one, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:

A, first suppose the length value L of first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta is a numerical value, in the following formula of substitution, determine the movement locus of leading section E (x, the y) point of left and right the 4th connecting rod,

Wherein, angle when angle [alpha] is described first connecting rod original state and between car body longitudinal centre line, span is

Angle beta is the angle between described third connecting rod and described the 4th connecting rod, and angle beta is constant;

B, constantly adjust length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃, _l4 and angle beta value, make the movement locus of leading section each point get around obstruction;

C, in the time that the movement locus of left and right the 4th connecting rod leading section each point can get around obstruction, length value L now ₁, L ₂, L ₃, L ₄and angle beta value is end value;

D, by length value L ₁, L ₂, L ₃the following formula of end value substitution, calculate the movement locus of the tie point D (x, y) of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod,

Wherein, x span is:

E, the movement locus of ordering by D are determined the flat shape of mount pad.

10. the method for designing of rail vehicle switching mechanism for front cover according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: in left and right, the bottom at the tie point D point place of described third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod is respectively provided with roller or slide block, and described roller or slide block roll in the plane of described mount pad.

Images