CN103882855A - Expansive soil cement modifying and filling construction method - Google Patents
Expansive soil cement modifying and filling construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103882855A CN103882855A CN201410148202.0A CN201410148202A CN103882855A CN 103882855 A CN103882855 A CN 103882855A CN 201410148202 A CN201410148202 A CN 201410148202A CN 103882855 A CN103882855 A CN 103882855A
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Abstract
An expansive soil cement modifying and filling construction method includes the following steps of (1) carrying out a modified material general characteristic test; (2) carrying out excavated material moisture content prompt drop and soil mass breaking construction; (3) carrying out broken soil moisture content and soil mass graded construction quality inspection; (4) carrying out cement mixing construction; (5) carrying out modified cement soil uniformity construction quality inspection; (6) carrying out modified cement soil grinding and filling construction; (7) carrying out modified cement soil filling construction quality inspection; (8) carrying out conventional maintenance. Different breaking construction methods are selected according to the measured natural moisture content omega o for soil mass breaking construction, the requirements for soil mass grades and moisture content of cement mixing uniformity can be met, cement is uniformly mixed at first and then 3-5 percent of water is supplemented in cement mixing and construction, it is guaranteed that the moisture content is approximate to the optimum moisture content during modified cement soil grinding and filling, meanwhile the requirement for time of modified cement soil grinding and filling construction is put forward, and modified cement soil filling quality is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to swelled ground treatment technical field, specifically a kind of expansive soil modified cement and filling construction method.
Background technology
One, expansive soil engineering harm
China is that expansive soil (rock) distribution is the widest in the world, one of country of area maximum.Since last century the fifties, China finds that the area of expansive soil harm has reached more than 20 provinces，municipalities and autonomous regions successively, almost contained all land except the South Sea, though the expansive soil of various places is not exclusively the same with aspects such as the origin causes of formation at material composition, its total expansion characteristics is consistent.
Expansive soil is that a kind of water-swellable, dehydration are shunk, there is many fissurities, overconsolidation, slaking, weathering, the very easily special soils of climate and ambient influnence acute variation, building, railway, highway, airport, hydraulic engineering that makes swelled ground area etc. often suffers huge destruction, causes great economic loss.Therefore, carry out engineering construction in swelled ground area, first will consider how to process the problem of expansive soil.
Two, swelled ground treatment method
Expansive soil is processed the most frequently used method of engineering measure, adopts unexpansive soil to change the expansive soil of building certain depth scope and fills out, and has available earth material but prerequisite is locality.Because expansive soil is many because of deposition formation; often within the scope of territory, forming by expansive soil significantly; find suitable unexpansive earth material; need to be in farther regional muck haulage; increase on the one hand construction investment; the excavated material of engineering also can only be served as rejected material processing on the other hand, and this is all disadvantageous from the economic angle angle of still preserving the ecological environment.Therefore, modified expanded native engineering properties is all subject to the great attention of domestic and international academia and engineering circles all the time.
Current modified expanded soil is mainly divided into following three classes: 1. water content control method: by certain anti-, drainage measure, avoid expansive soil moisture state that larger variation occurs, thereby reduce expansive soil swell-shrinking deformation; 2. cushion: be mainly with the expansive soil after unexpansive cohesive soil or modification, the expansive soil of top layer certain depth to be changed and filled out, eliminate the impact of drying and watering cycle on slope soil, meanwhile, can also play certain flexible shoring effect; 3. gear is propped up in anchoring: by methods such as reinforcement, anchoring, supportings, and the reinforcing side slope soil body, the stability of raising side slope.
Wherein, cushion chemical modification expansive soil, that conventional method comprises is lime modified, modified cement, industrial slag (flyash) and other is material modified etc.Expansive Soil by Lime Improvement is that highway and railway department is used maximum methods as roadbed filling, and construction technology and effect are through experimental study and application for many years, relatively ripe; Industrial slag (flyash) is poor with the modified effect of expansive soil blending, obvious with incorporation correlation, the method that many employings and cement or lime are admixed simultaneously; All kinds soil-solidified-agent, such as domestic CMA curing compound, HPZT modification of expansive soil agent etc., because of modification theory difference, effect also has larger difference.
Three, modified cement expansive soil mechanism
According to related documents research, modified cement mixes and stirs the more lime modified difficulty of technique, and it is extensive and ripe that application is not so good as lime, but modified cement soil effect is more obvious than lime modified soil.The mechanism of modified cement expansive soil is mainly reflected in: C-S-H and C-A-H gel that 1. hydrated reaction of cement produces are attached to particle surface, have stronger bond and have formed Ca (OH)
2; 2. Ca
2+with soil particle adsorption ion generation cation exchange reaction, soil particle water absorbing properties is improved and granuleization, increase the water stability of expansive soil; 3. Ca
2+, OH-penetrates into soil particle inside, with clay mineral generation physical-chemical reaction, continues to generate above-mentioned gum material, can reduce the content of hydrophilic clay mineral, and improve the bonding strength between soil particle.
Four, modified cement expansive soil construction problem
Inventor realize in process of the present invention, find that the construction of modified cement expansive soil is main and exist below problem aspect two:
(1) modified cement homogeneity question: in order to ensure expansive soil modified cement effect, in construction, mix and stir should be full and uniform for cement and earth material.Cement and earth material mix and stir more even, chemical reaction occur just more abundant, and the effect of modification is just better, if it is even not to mix and stir cement, will inevitably cause local grey dosage too low or too high, easily causes Modified soil to be subject to atmospheric effect to produce inhomogeneous swell-shrinking deformation.At present, affect cement and mix and evenly mainly contain two factors: 1. in swelled ground area, groundwater table is high in construction, excavated material moisture content is usually much larger than plastic limit value, is easy to assemble mixing cement, is difficult for mixing and stirring; 2. the penus that expands high liquid limit clay, bad hydraulic permeability, soil block easily harden, excavated material exists a large amount of super large masss of soil, and in the process mixing at cement, cement cannot be mixed in mass of soil inside.For eliminating above-mentioned adverse effect factor, in construction, excavated material moisture content is fallen lowlyer, the broken thinner cement of mass of soil mix easier evenly, but too low meticulous processing needs to drop into construction cost and duration at double.
(2) modified cement soil filling construction problem: modified cement soil filling construction is different to be filled with other routines cubic metre of earth, modified cement soil shelve (or shelving) if the time long, can affect soil strength characteristic after rolling and placement, main cause be hydrated reaction of cement produce be attached to particle surface gelatinous mass and can destroy cementing at compacting process, this intensity, compacted density impact on conditioned soil is extremely unfavorable.In addition, modified cement soil is mixing ash in rolling and placement process, and earth material moisture content, because cement-soil produces a large amount of heats in chemical reaction process, has accelerated moisture evaporation, can not ensure that rolling and placement construction soil moisture content remains near optimum moisture content.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the invention provides a kind of expansive soil modified cement and filling construction method, can realize excavated material high-moisture percentage prompt drop, the fragmentation of super large mass of soil, improve cement uniform mixing, ensure expansive soil modified cement effect and modification earth material filling building quality.
A kind of expansive soil modified cement and filling construction method, comprise the steps:
The first step, carry out material modified basic proterties test
Test excavation expansion earth material natural moisture content ω
o, plastic limit moisture content ω
p, degree of free swelling δ, according to degree of free swelling δ differentiate inflation level: 65%≤δ <90% is middle expansive soils, and 40%≤δ <65% is weak expansive soil; Carry out Indoor Impaction Test, determine modified cement earth material maximum dry density ρ
dmaxwith optimum moisture content ω
op, as modified cement soil rolling and placement construction compaction calculated value; Carry out indoor EDETATE SODIUM burette test, determine the calibration curve of earth material " EDTA consumption～mix ash to measure ", as modified cement soil-cement volume testing standard;
Second step: record earth material natural moisture content ω according to the first step
oselect different broken constructions to carry out the broken construction of mass of soil, work as ω
o≤ ω
ptime, directly adopt crushing engine hack; Work as ω
o> ω
p+ 2% time, adopt rooter+crushing engine combination hack; Work as ω
p< ω
o≤ ω
p+ 2% time, adopt Simple steel castor sieve+crushing engine combination hack;
The 3rd step: hack moisture content, mass of soil grating detection of construction quality
The broken construction quality of second step is detected, and hack moisture content and mass of soil grating should meet hack construction control standard, and wherein hack moisture control standard is: be not more than earth material plastic limit value ω p; Mass of soil Gradation Control standard is: maximum mass of soil " particle diameter " is no more than 80mm, and 80mm～20mm mass of soil " particle diameter " is no more than 30%, < 5mm fine earth group " particle diameter " and is no less than 20%, as detects the defective second step that returns;
The 4th step: cement mixes construction
First, by design cement mixing content, by the qualified broken earth material of the 3rd step, mix and stir cement and form modified cement soil, the mixing time is no less than 1 minute; Then according to mass ratio spray painting supplement 3%～5% moisture content in modified cement soil, make up construction period earth material moisture content loss;
The 5th step: modified cement soil uniformity detection of construction quality
The modified cement soil of the 4th step construction is carried out to EDTA titration and detect cement mixing content, and meet cement and mix even standard deviation evaluation requirement, weak expansive soil standard deviation is not more than 0.7, and middle expansive soils standard deviation is not more than 0.5, as detects defective the 4th step of returning;
The 6th step: modified cement soil rolling and placement construction
The construction of modified cement soil rolling and placement is carried out on field compaction test basis at the scene, and field compaction test requires to complete in 4h, and that determines according to field compaction test rolls facility tonnage, rolls the construction parameters such as paving is thick, number of rolling and carry out site operation;
The 7th step: modified cement soil filling construction quality examination
The 6th step construction quality is detected, and Detection of content is compacted dry density, moisture content, meets design compaction requirement, as detects defective return the 6th step or the relevant construction specification processing of reference;
The 8th step: conventional maintenance
After the completion of modified cement soil rolling and placement, carry out maintenance by designing requirement;
Wherein, the modified cement soil rolling and placement engineering time requires: the 5th step～seven step construction, the time of detecting should complete in 4 hours.
The present invention is according to recording earth material natural moisture content ω
oselect different broken constructions to carry out the broken construction of mass of soil, can meet cement oozes and mixes evenly to mass of soil grating, water content requirement, after mixing and stirring working procedure, cement augments 3%～5% moisture content, can ensure modified cement soil rolling and placement time, moisture content is near optimum moisture content, propose the rolling and placement engineering time requirement of modified cement soil simultaneously, ensure that modified water earth fills quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of expansive soil modified cement of the present invention and filling construction method;
Fig. 2 is crushing engine effect used herein and earth material moisture content graph of a relation;
Fig. 3 is that rooter used herein teds pass and earth material moisture content graph of a relation;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rooter used herein;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of steel castor sieve used herein;
Fig. 6 is that modified cement used herein soil filling construction is shelved time and density, moisture content graph of a relation;
Fig. 7 is case history EDTA titration calibration map of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that case history rotary cultivator of the present invention teds mass of soil graduation curve figure after earth material, crushing engine hack.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the present invention, the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic flow sheet of expansive soil modified cement of the present invention and filling construction method, described expansive soil modified cement and filling construction method comprise the steps:
The first step, carry out material modified basic proterties test
Test excavation expansion earth material natural moisture content ω
o, plastic limit moisture content ω
p, degree of free swelling δ, according to degree of free swelling δ differentiate inflation level: 65%≤degree of free swelling δ <90% is middle expansive soils, and 40%≤degree of free swelling δ <65% is weak expansive soil; Carry out modified cement soil Indoor Impaction Test (wet method, design cement parameter), determine modified cement soil maximum dry density ρ
dmaxwith optimum moisture content ω
op, as modified cement earth material on-site rolling test degree of compaction calculated value; Carry out indoor EDETATE SODIUM burette test, determine the calibration curve of earth material " EDTA consumption～mix ash to measure ", as modified cement soil-cement volume testing standard.
Indoor Impaction Test materials are modified cement soil, test requirements document: first adopt wet method to prepare water content, after evenly mix and stir cement by design volume, test completes in used time 4h.
Second step: excavated material moisture content prompt drop, the broken construction of mass of soil
Record earth material natural moisture content ω according to the first step
oselect different broken constructions to carry out the broken construction of mass of soil:
Work as ω
o≤ ω
ptime, earth material moisture content is low, directly adopts crushing engine hack, and Fig. 2 has provided broken machine effect and moisture content relation.
Work as ω
o> ω
p+ 2% time, earth material moisture content is higher, adopts rooter+crushing engine combination hack.
As shown in Figure 4, rooter teds pass and earth material moisture content relation as shown in Figure 3 to farm implements rooter.In construction, according to excavated material natural moisture content and plastic limit, calculate two moisture content correspondences by Fig. 3 regression curve and ted pass, can estimate earth material and be down to that plastic limit is required teds pass and time.Ted field by 20m × 20m, every all over tedding the time at 30 minutes～40 minutes, tedding the thick requirement of soil paving is 25cm, teds earth material input crusher in crushing again through rooter.
Work as ω
p< ω
o≤ ω
p+ 2% time, earth material moisture content is slightly high, adopts Simple steel castor sieve+crushing engine combination hack.
The processing of Simple steel castor sieve hack has quick feature, and steel castor sieve structure requires: screen cloth spacing 10cm, long 6m, wide 4m, high 5m, the castor of Simple steel shown in Fig. 5 sieve structure figure.Constructing operation: utilize backhoe to grab raising degree, under the earth material after excavated material or rotary tillage is thrown, deadweight is sieved, makes soil block, walk pulverize through bar grizzl(e)y collision.Sift out earth material through steel castor and input again crusher in crushing.
The 3rd step: hack moisture content, mass of soil grating detection of construction quality
The broken construction quality of second step is detected, and hack moisture content and mass of soil grating should meet hack control criterion, and wherein hack moisture control standard is: be not more than earth material plastic limit value ω
p, mass of soil Gradation Control standard is: maximum mass of soil particle diameter is no more than 80mm, 80mm～20mm mass of soil " particle diameter " is no more than 30%, < 5mm fine earth group " particle diameter " and is no less than 20%, as detects the defective second step that returns.
The 4th step: cement mixes construction
First, by design cement mixing content, by the qualified broken earth material of the 3rd step, mix and stir cement and form modified cement soil, the mixing time is no less than 1 minute; Then according to mass ratio spray painting supplement 3%～5% moisture content in modified cement soil, make up construction period earth material moisture content loss.
Because cement-soil produces a large amount of heats in chemical reaction process, accelerate moisture evaporation, the present invention is to modified cement soil supplement 3%～5% moisture content, can make up because hydration reaction and engineering time are caused the loss of earth material moisture content, ensure that rolling and placement construction soil moisture content remains on optimum moisture content ω
opnear.
The 5th step: modified cement soil uniformity detection of construction quality
Modified cement soil to the 4th step construction carries out EDTA titration, detects cement mixing content, requires sample number to be no less than 6 groups, and carries out standard deviation evaluation according to cement mixing content data, meets cement and mixes even requirement.Standard deviation evaluation criteria: weak expansive soil is not more than 0.7, and middle expansive soils is not more than 0.5.As detect defective the 4th step of returning.
The 6th step: modified cement soil rolling and placement construction
First Modified soil rolling and placement construction carries out modified cement soil scene field compaction test, and field compaction test requires to complete in 4h, should be strictly in construction determines facility tonnage, rolls the construction parameters such as paving is thick, number of rolling and carry out by field compaction test.
The 7th step: modified cement soil filling construction quality examination
The 6th step construction quality is detected, and Detection of content is dry density, moisture content, meets design compaction requirement, according to actual measurement dry density and ρ
dmaxcalculate actual degree of compaction, require to be more than or equal to design load, as detect defective return the 6th step or the relevant construction specification processing of reference.
The 8th step: conventional maintenance
After the completion of modified cement soil rolling and placement, carry out maintenance by designing requirement, such as hiding maintenance.
The modified cement soil rolling and placement engineering time requires: the 5th step～seven step construction, the time of detecting should complete in 4 hours.Fig. 6 has provided modified cement filling construction and has shelved time and density, moisture content relation, and modified cement soil is shelved 4 hours dry densities, moisture content and started to occur declining as seen from Figure 6, shelves after 6h and declines and start to accelerate.Because if modified cement soil is shelved (or shelving), the time is long, can affect soil strength characteristic after rolling and placement, main cause is that hydrated reaction of cement produces, be attached to particle surface gelatinous mass and can destroy cementing at compacting process, this intensity on conditioned soil, compacted density impact are extremely unfavorable, therefore mix ash evenly after compacting as early as possible.
Be further described with a case history below:
The first step: certain Middle Line Project For Transferring Water From South To North expansive soil modified cement is processed engineering, expansive soils, groundwater table is high, and excavation expansion earth material mass of soil oversize phenomenon is serious, and >100mm super large " particle diameter " is more than 60%; Natural moisture content ω
ochange 28.0%～32.6%; Clay content 36.5%; Plastic limit moisture content ω
p=21%; Index of plasticity Ip=24.6; Degree of free swelling δ=50% belongs to weak expansive soil; Carry out modified cement soil Indoor Impaction Test (completing test in 4h), maximum dry density ρ
dmax=1.74g/cm
3, optimum moisture content ω
op=20%; Draw EDTA titration calibration curve as shown in Figure 7.
Second step: due to excavation earth material moisture content ω
oup to more than 28%, super large " particle diameter " (>100mm) accounts for 60%, being directly inputted to crushing engine hack very easily causes machinery to stop up, effect is low, cannot carry out mechanical hack, and it is not high naturally to ted reduction moisture content efficiency, and is subject to weather precipitation affects, according to aforesaid standards, earth material moisture content meets ω
o> ω
pwhen+2% condition, adopt rooter+crushing engine combination hack.
Site operation adopts rooter method prompt drop earth material moisture content, broken super " particle diameter " mass of soil, in the time tedding the 8th time, earth material moisture content has been down to 20%, approach this earth material plastic limit value, 5h～6h consuming time, moisture content prompt drop, super large " particle diameter " mass of soil are significantly broken, broken mass of soil grating: > 80mm, 80mm～20mm, 20mm～5mm, < 5mm " particle diameter " content are respectively 1%, 36%, 45%, 18%; Earth material after tedding 8 times again, input soil crusher (XTP-600A type milling type) hack.
The 3rd step: Oven Method detects broken earth material moisture content, on-the-spot screening detects broken.Testing result: rooter teds the 8th time earth material moisture content and is reduced to plastic limit value (ω
p=21%), meet earth material moisture content construction control standard, hack grating > 80mm content is 0,80mm～20mm content is 8%, 20mm～5mm content is 57%, < 5mm content is 35%, mass of soil " particle diameter " through the refinement of crushing engine hack 20%, after mass of soil grading composition pulverizer hack, meet construction control standard, after rotary cultivator teds earth material, crushing engine hack, rear mass of soil graduation curve as shown in Figure 8.
The 4th step: will process excavation expansion earth material input WC600 type Modified soil lorry mounted mixer, first mix and stir design cement mixing content 4%, mix and stir 1～2 minute evenly after, spray painting is mended 4% moisture content, discharging stirs.
The 5th step: get 6 groups of samples of cement Modified soil, EDETATE SODIUM titration is even meets cement 4% volume, and standard deviation uniformity is assessed as 0.33, is less than 0.7, meet weak expansive soil uniformity evaluation criteria, modified cement soil EDTA titration detection, standard deviation outcome table are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The 6th step: carry out modified cement soil scene field compaction test, test construction parameter is: to roll facility be 20t projection vibrating roller, roll the thick 30cm of empty laying, rolls and be no less than 6 times; Show that according to field compaction test parameter carries out the construction of modified cement soil rolling and placement.Due to the effective property of modified cement soil, to shelve after 4 hours time, dry density, moisture content start to occur declining, and therefore, once mix and stir cement Modified soil rolling and placement construction requirement and complete in 4 hours.
The 7th step: compacted dry density 1.65～1.69g/cm that Site Detection rolls
3variation, average 1.697g/cm
3, to calculate according to design degree of compaction 96%, on-site rolling filling construction dry density must not low 1.65g/cm
3, on-site rolling filling construction meets design requirement.Moisture content 20%～23% changes, optimum moisture content ω
op=20%,
The 8th step: after the completion of modified cement soil rolling and placement, adopt and hide maintenance by designing requirement.
China's Route, the related 380km expansive soil rock location that reaches, country's Eleventh Five-Year Plan science and technology supporting project major project " the some key technology research of project of South-to-North water diversion and application " has been listed " expansive soils channel destroying mechanism and Processing Technology Research " (2006BAB04A10) problem in, study by multiple comparable selection of disposal schemes, determine at Route expansive soils, be treated to master with modified cement expansive soil.There is many construction technology difficult problems for modified cement expansive soil, country's " 12 " science and technology supporting project " Route expansive soil and height are filled out the research of channel building key technology and demonstration " project, lists " expansive soil modified cement is processed construction technology " (2011BAB10B05) problem specially in.The present invention is just based on above-mentioned achievement in research, a set of construction method is provided, mixed and stirred altogether four aspects such as construction, the rolling and placement construction of modified cement soil and detection of construction quality forms by the construction of excavated material hack, cement, just apply at present Route expansive soil modified cement construction effect situation and see, better realized cement uniform mixing, improved modification of expansive soil effect, ensured that modified water earth fills quality.This construction method is applicable to the engineering swelled ground treatments such as highway, railway, water conservancy, for other modification of expansive soil technology are offered reference, has better economic benefit and social benefit, easily promotes.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, any belong to those skilled in the art the present invention disclose technical scope in; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. expansive soil modified cement and a filling construction method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, carry out material modified basic proterties test
Test excavation expansion earth material natural moisture content ω
o, plastic limit moisture content ω
p, degree of free swelling δ, according to degree of free swelling δ differentiate inflation level: 65%≤δ <90% is middle expansive soils, and 40%≤δ <65% is weak expansive soil; Carry out modified cement soil Indoor Impaction Test, determine modified cement soil maximum dry density ρ
dmaxwith optimum moisture content ω
op, as modified cement soil rolling and placement construction compaction calculated value; Carry out indoor EDETATE SODIUM burette test, determine the calibration curve of earth material " EDTA consumption～mix ash to measure ", as modified cement soil-cement volume testing standard;
Second step: record earth material natural moisture content ω according to the first step
oselect different broken constructions to carry out the broken construction of mass of soil, work as ω
o≤ ω
ptime, directly adopt crushing engine hack; Work as ω
o> ω
p+ 2% time, adopt rooter+crushing engine combination hack; Work as ω
p< ω
o≤ ω
p+ 2% time, adopt Simple steel castor sieve+crushing engine combination hack;
The 3rd step: hack moisture content, mass of soil grating detection of construction quality
The broken construction quality of second step is detected, and hack moisture content and mass of soil grating should meet hack construction control standard, and wherein hack moisture control standard is: be not more than earth material plastic limit value ω
p, mass of soil Gradation Control standard is: maximum mass of soil " particle diameter " is no more than 80mm, 80mm～20mm mass of soil " particle diameter " is no more than 30%, < 5mm fine earth group " particle diameter " and is no less than 20%, as detects the defective second step that returns;
The 4th step: cement mixes construction
First, by design cement mixing content, by the qualified broken earth material of the 3rd step, mix and stir cement and form modified cement soil, the mixing time is no less than 1 minute; Then according to mass ratio spray painting supplement 3%～5% moisture content in modified cement soil, make up construction period earth material moisture content loss;
The 5th step: modified cement soil uniformity detection of construction quality
The modified cement soil of the 4th step construction is carried out to EDTA titration and detect cement mixing content, and meet cement and mix even standard deviation evaluation requirement, weak expansive soil standard deviation is not more than 0.7, and middle expansive soils standard deviation is not more than 0.5, as detects defective the 4th step of returning;
The 6th step: modified cement soil rolling and placement construction
The construction of modified cement soil rolling and placement is carried out on field compaction test basis at the scene, and field compaction test requires to complete in 4h, and that determines according to field compaction test rolls facility tonnage, rolls the construction parameters such as paving is thick, number of rolling and carry out site operation;
The 7th step: modified cement soil filling construction quality examination
The 6th step construction quality is detected, and Detection of content is compacted dry density, moisture content, meets design compaction requirement, as detects defective return the 6th step or the relevant construction specification processing of reference;
The 8th step: conventional maintenance
After the completion of modified cement soil rolling and placement, carry out maintenance by designing requirement;
Wherein, the modified cement soil rolling and placement engineering time requires: the 5th step～seven step construction, the time of detecting should complete in 4 hours.
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| CN106168549A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-11-30 | 三峡大学 | Compacting bentonite sample and preparation method |
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