CN103882539A - Gray elastic fiber and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Gray elastic fiber and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103882539A CN103882539A CN201410117372.2A CN201410117372A CN103882539A CN 103882539 A CN103882539 A CN 103882539A CN 201410117372 A CN201410117372 A CN 201410117372A CN 103882539 A CN103882539 A CN 103882539A
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- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001595 contractor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a gray elastic fiber and a preparing method thereof. The gray elastic fiber is a complex fiber with two parallel components. In the cross section of the fiber, the shapes of the two parallel components are in a similar L shape, the two similar L shapes are connected through an outer connection, and the cross section of the gray elastic fiber is in a similar cross shape. The gray elastic fiber is obtained by spinning black PET slices and ordinary PET slices, and due to the fact that the two fibers are different in color, compared with an ordinary elastic fiber, the gray elastic fiber has a very good color effect, and the spun fiber is directly gray. The gray elastic fiber is a three-dimensional elastic fiber, and therefore compared with the ordinary fiber, the gray elastic fiber has a better visual effect and has the effect of changing colors layer by layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polyester fibers, and particularly relates to a gray elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Elastic fibers have attracted a wide global attention. The polyurethane elastic fiber is called as spandex in China, has high elongation, strength, aging resistance and other properties superior to those of rubber silk, and is favored by people. However, the production equipment and process of the polyurethane elastic fiber are complex, the raw material and processing cost is high, and the application of the polyurethane elastic fiber is limited due to the problems of serious pollution and the like.
The side-by-side type composite fiber is a crimped elastic fiber which is made of two polymers with different structures or properties through double-component composite spinning. Two high polymers with different characteristics are parallelly compounded and spun into a double-component composite filament according to a certain proportion, and because the two components which are parallelly arranged in the fiber have different contractibility and initial modulus, the two components generate the same extension when the composite fiber is spun and drafted, but generate different contraction effect due to different contraction stress of the two components after being heated, and the two components are stuck together. Therefore, the components which shrink quickly generate shrinkage pressure on the components which shrink slowly; conversely, the component that shrinks more quickly is subjected to a counter-stretching force generated by the component that shrinks less slowly. When the two acting forces reach equilibrium after being deformed to a certain degree along with contraction, the contraction force and the stretching force form a pair of force couples, and under the action of the force couples, the whole fiber spontaneously generates torsion to form the spirally curled fiber. The crimped fiber has different degrees of elasticity and elasticity like a spring, so that the key to obtain spiral crimp is the potential difference in shrinkage stress between the two components, and the crimp elasticity of the two-component crimped elastic fiber is very similar to that of natural wool, so that the fiber has good elasticity.
However, in the spinning process, the two-component high polymer often has different viscosity, and a 'corner bend' problem may be generated at a spinneret plate in the spinning process, so that the two-component high polymer cannot be smoothly spun, or the two-component high polymer has poor compatibility, so that the two-component high polymer is cracked. At present, the cross sections of two components of most of parallel composite fibers on the market are symmetrically distributed, and the parallel composite fibers with asymmetric structures are not seen.
With the continuous development of production technology, the most critical problem is how to reduce production cost, improve production efficiency and increase the diversity of fibers so as to realize various functional fibers while meeting the requirements of people on elastic clothes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gray elastic fiber, compared with the prior elastic fiber, the fiber cross section of the elastic fiber provided by the invention is composed of two same L-like shapes, and a side-by-side composite fiber with a cross-like shape is obtained.
The invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the elastic fiber.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the gray elastic fiber is a bicomponent parallel composite fiber, the two parallel components are L-like in shape in the cross section of the fiber, the two L-like shapes are connected through external connection, and the cross section of the gray elastic fiber is in a cross shape like a Chinese character 'shi'.
Furthermore, the two parallel components are prepared by spinning black PET slices and common PET slices.
Further, the intrinsic viscosities of the black PET chips and the ordinary PET chips are 0.73 to 0.76dl/g and 0.69 to 0.72dl/g, respectively.
Further, the external connection refers to tangent connection, and the connection position of the external connection is two inflection points similar to L shapes.
Further, the two "L" like shapes may be replaced with two "V" like shapes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the gray elastic fiber, which adopts a spinning process that: firstly, respectively drying black PET slices and common PET slices at 100 ℃ for 8 hours in vacuum; then the dried two slices are respectively sent into a double-screw extruder for melt extrusion, melts of the two components respectively enter a composite spinning component through a melt pipeline by two sets of metering pumps and are sprayed out by a spinneret plate, and after air blowing and cooling, the melts are drafted, thermally treated and wound to finally obtain parallel composite fibers; wherein,
the spinning temperature of black PET is 286-289 ℃, the spinning temperature of common PET is 290-296 ℃, and the spinning speed is 2850-3100 m/min; the temperature of the first hot roller is 95-100 ℃, the rotating speed is 1630-1730 m/min, the temperature of the second hot roller is 115-130 ℃, and the rotating speed is 3150-3650 m/min; the winding speed is 3050-3500 m/min, the heat treatment refers to treating for 15-20 min by boiling water at the temperature of 95-100 ℃, the blowing direction of blowing cooling is opposite to an L-shaped hole on one side, the wind temperature is 21-25 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.4-0-55 m/s.
Furthermore, the cross section of the spinneret micropores of the spinneret plate is in a parallel duplex structure formed by two L-shaped holes.
Further, the parallel duplex structure means that two L-shaped holes are circumscribed.
Furthermore, the radius of the head of the L-shaped hole is 0.05-0.06 mm, the width of the L-shaped hole is 0.06 +/-0.002 mm, the length of one side of the L-shaped hole is 0.25 +/-0.005 mm, and the radian of the L-shaped corner is 60-90 degrees.
Furthermore, the L-shaped spinneret-like micropores on the spinneret plate are radially distributed on the spinneret plate by taking the center of the spinneret plate as the center.
The gray elastic fiber provided by the invention is obtained by spinning black PET slices and common PET slices, the gray elastic fiber obtained by spinning the slices with two different colors directly has a gray color effect, and the gray color effect is better than that of the common fiber and has better visual sense because the fiber is a two-component parallel composite fiber and is a three-dimensional elastic fiber with a three-dimensional spiral crimp structure. Therefore, the gray elastic fiber obtained by the invention enriches the variety of elastic fabrics, and the fabric has good gray color effect. In addition, the gray elastic fiber provided by the invention has a cross-like shape, so that a wicking effect is formed, and the grooves on the surface of the fiber are added, so that the moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions of the elastic fiber are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gray elastic fiber of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic cross-sectional view of a gray elastic fiber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the spinning orifices of the spinneret for preparing the gray elastic fiber shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the spinning orifices of the spinneret for making the gray elastic fiber shown in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the gray elastic fiber provided by the invention is a bicomponent parallel composite fiber, in the cross section of the fiber, the shapes of the two parallel components are both similar L shapes, the two similar L shapes are connected through external connection, the external connection refers to tangential connection, the connecting position of the external connection is the inflection point of the two similar L shapes, and the cross section of the gray elastic fiber is in a similar cross shape. In a preferred embodiment, the gray elastic fiber is spun from black PET chips and ordinary PET chips, wherein the gray color of the elastic fiber is most effective, and the intrinsic viscosities of the black PET chips and the ordinary PET chips are 0.73-0.76dl/g and 0.69-0.72dl/g, respectively, so that the elastic fiber can obtain the best curling property and elasticity after heat treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, two "L" like shapes are substituted for two "V" like shapes, which are theoretical contour traces and the actual fibers produced may not be very regular geometric shapes.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the invention also provides a spinneret plate for preparing the gray elastic fiber, wherein the cross section of spinneret micropores of the spinneret plate is in a parallel duplex structure consisting of two L-shaped holes, and the parallel duplex structure means that the two L-shaped holes are circumscribed. The radius of the head of the L-like hole is 0.05-0.06 mm, the width of the L-like hole is 0.06 +/-0.002 mm, the length of one side of the L-like shape is 0.25 +/-0.005 mm, and the radian of the L-like shape corner is 60-90 degrees. In addition, the L-shaped spinneret-like micropores on the spinneret plate can be radially distributed on the spinneret plate by taking the center of the spinneret plate as the center.
Example one
Take the preparation of parallel composite black PET/common PET parallel composite fiber as an example.
Raw materials and specific indexes thereof:
black PET chips: intrinsic viscosity 0.73dl/g, melting point 263 deg.C
Common PET slices: intrinsic viscosity 0.69dl/g, melting point 260 DEG C
The spinning process conditions are as follows:
respectively carrying out vacuum drying on black PET slices with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.73dl/g and common PET slices with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.69dl/g at 100 ℃ for 8h, respectively sending the two dried slices into a double-screw extruder for melt extrusion, respectively using two sets of metering pumps to feed melts of the two components into a composite spinning assembly through a melt pipeline to be sprayed out from a spinneret plate, carrying out air blowing cooling, drafting, heat treatment and winding to finally obtain the parallel composite fiber shown in figure 1. Wherein, a spinneret plate with spinneret micropores arranged as shown in figure 3 is adopted, the spinneret micropores of the spinneret plate are formed by two same L-like shapes, and the radius of the head part of each L-like hole is 0.05 mm; the width of the L-like shape is 0.058 mm; the length of one side of the L-like shape is 0.245 mm; the radian of the L-like corner is 90 degrees. The spinning temperature of black PET is 286 ℃, the spinning temperature of common PET is 290 ℃, and the spinning speed is 2850 m/min; the temperature of the first hot roller is 95 ℃, the rotating speed is 1630m/min, the temperature of the second hot roller is 115 ℃, and the rotating speed is 3150 m/min; the winding speed is 3050m/min, the heat treatment is carried out for 15min by using boiling water at 95 ℃, the blowing direction of blowing cooling is opposite to the L-shaped hole at one side, the wind temperature is 21 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.4 m/s.
The product performance index is as follows:
breaking strength: 3.2 cN/dtex;
elongation at break: 13.0 percent;
fineness number: 2.04dtex
Degree of crimping of fiber: 41 percent
Example two
Take the preparation of parallel composite black PET/common PET parallel composite fiber as an example.
Raw materials and specific indexes thereof:
black PET chips: intrinsic viscosity 0.76dl/g, melting point 269 DEG C
Common PET slices: intrinsic viscosity 0.72dl/g, melting point 265 deg.C
The spinning process conditions are as follows:
respectively carrying out vacuum drying on black PET slices with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.76dl/g and common PET slices with the intrinsic viscosity of 0.72dl/g at 100 ℃ for 8h, respectively sending the two dried slices into a double-screw extruder for melt extrusion, respectively using two sets of metering pumps to respectively enter a composite spinning assembly through a melt pipeline to be sprayed out by a spinneret plate, carrying out air blowing cooling, and then carrying out drawing, heat treatment and winding to finally obtain the parallel composite fiber shown in figure 2. Wherein, a spinneret plate with spinneret micropores arranged as shown in figure 4 is adopted, the spinneret micropores of the spinneret plate are formed by two same L-like shapes, and the radius of the head part of each L-like hole is 0.06 mm; the width of the L-like shape is 0.062 mm; the length of one side of the L-like shape is 0.255 mm; the radian of the L-like corner is 60 degrees. The spinning temperature of black PET is 289 ℃, the spinning temperature of common PET is 296 ℃, and the spinning speed is 3100 m/min; the temperature of the first hot roller is 100 ℃, the rotating speed is 1730m/min, the temperature of the second hot roller is 130 ℃, and the rotating speed is 3650 m/min; the winding speed is 3500m/min, the heat treatment refers to treating with 100 deg.C boiling water for 20min, the blowing direction of blowing cooling is opposite to the similar L-shaped hole at 25 deg.C and 0.55m/s wind speed.
The product performance index is as follows:
breaking strength: 3.5 cN/dteX;
elongation at break: 8.2 percent;
fineness number: 3.1 dtex;
degree of crimping of fiber: 49 percent.
The gray elastic fiber provided by the invention is obtained by spinning the black PET slice and the common PET slice, and has a good color effect compared with the common elastic fiber due to the color difference of the two fibers, and the spun fiber is directly gray. And the fiber is three-dimensional elastic fiber, has better visual effect compared with common fiber, and has the effect of gradual layer color change. According to different product requirements, the spinneret plate and the raw materials can be correspondingly changed, and the elastic characteristic and the color characteristic of the fiber are changed accordingly. The invention realizes the spinnability of the parallel composite fiber of the polyester chips with two components and different colors, can realize large-scale production, can be widely used for spinning various same raw materials with different viscosities, and reduces the production cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gray elastic fiber is characterized in that the gray elastic fiber is a bicomponent parallel composite fiber, the shapes of two parallel components are L-like shapes in the cross section of the fiber, the two L-like shapes are connected through external connection, and the cross section of the gray elastic fiber is in a cross-like shape.
2. The gray spandex of claim 1, wherein the side-by-side two components are spun from black PET chips and ordinary PET chips.
3. The gray elastic fiber of claim 2, wherein the intrinsic viscosities of the black PET chip and the normal PET chip are 0.73 to 0.76dl/g and 0.69 to 0.72dl/g, respectively.
4. A gray elastane fiber according to claim 1, wherein said circumscribed connection means a tangent connection, and the connecting position of said circumscribed connection is the inflection point of two "L" -like shapes.
5. A gray elastane fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said two "L" -like shapes are replaceable with two "V" -like shapes.
6. A method for preparing gray elastic fiber according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spinning process used is: firstly, respectively drying black PET slices and common PET slices at 100 ℃ for 8 hours in vacuum; then the dried two slices are respectively sent into a double-screw extruder for melt extrusion, melts of the two components respectively enter a composite spinning component through a melt pipeline by two sets of metering pumps and are sprayed out by a spinneret plate, and after air blowing and cooling, the melts are drafted, thermally treated and wound to finally obtain parallel composite fibers; wherein,
the spinning temperature of black PET is 286-289 ℃, the spinning temperature of common PET is 290-296 ℃, and the spinning speed is 2850-3100 m/min; the temperature of the first hot roller is 95-100 ℃, the rotating speed is 1630-1730 m/min, the temperature of the second hot roller is 115-130 ℃, and the rotating speed is 3150-3650 m/min; the winding speed is 3050-3500 m/min, the heat treatment refers to treating for 15-20 min by boiling water at the temperature of 95-100 ℃, the blowing direction of blowing cooling is opposite to an L-shaped hole on one side, the wind temperature is 21-25 ℃, and the wind speed is 0.4-0-55 m/s.
7. The method for preparing gray elastic fiber according to claim 6, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret micropores of the spinneret plate is a side-by-side duplex structure consisting of two L-like shaped holes.
8. The method for preparing gray elastic fiber according to claim 7, wherein the side-by-side duplex structure means that two L-like shaped holes are circumscribed with each other.
9. The method for preparing gray elastic fiber according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the radius of the head of the L-like shaped hole is 0.05-0.06 mm, the width of the L-like shaped hole is 0.06 + -0.002 mm, the length of one side of the L-like shape is 0.25 + -0.005 mm, and the radian of the L-like shaped corner is 60-90 °.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the "L" -like shaped spinneret orifices of the spinneret are radially distributed on the spinneret plate centered around the center of the spinneret plate.
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| CN201410117372.2A CN103882539B (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | Gray elastic fiber and preparing method thereof |
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| CN201410117372.2A CN103882539B (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | Gray elastic fiber and preparing method thereof |
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| CN103882539B CN103882539B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105155008A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏乘鹰新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method and special spinneret plate of stereo color elastic fiber |
| CN105177740A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-23 | 东华大学 | A two-component abnormity hollow high moisture absorption curling composite fiber and a preparation method thereof |
| CN105862148A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Processing technology of veneer multi-difference polyester fiber |
| CN105926059A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Processing technology adopting single plate for multi-differential polyester DTY (draw texturing yarn) |
| CN108178903A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 | A kind of polyesters composite material of antistatic, automatic colour developing colour change function and preparation method thereof |
| CN115852505A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏轩达高分子材料有限公司 | Moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| GB1151272A (en) * | 1967-02-28 | 1969-05-07 | Kanegafuchi Spinning Co Ltd | A Method of Producing Conjugate Fibres having and Improved Lustre |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105177740A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-12-23 | 东华大学 | A two-component abnormity hollow high moisture absorption curling composite fiber and a preparation method thereof |
| CN105155008A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏乘鹰新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method and special spinneret plate of stereo color elastic fiber |
| CN105862148A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-17 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Processing technology of veneer multi-difference polyester fiber |
| CN105926059A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Processing technology adopting single plate for multi-differential polyester DTY (draw texturing yarn) |
| CN108178903A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 重庆普利特新材料有限公司 | A kind of polyesters composite material of antistatic, automatic colour developing colour change function and preparation method thereof |
| CN115852505A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏轩达高分子材料有限公司 | Moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing polyester fiber and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN203795029U (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| CN103882539B (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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