CN103880250B - Oil field wastewater treatment process - Google Patents
Oil field wastewater treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103880250B CN103880250B CN201410117330.9A CN201410117330A CN103880250B CN 103880250 B CN103880250 B CN 103880250B CN 201410117330 A CN201410117330 A CN 201410117330A CN 103880250 B CN103880250 B CN 103880250B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil field wastewater treatment process which comprises the steps: firstly, adding oil field wastewater in a buffer pond, adding the oil field wastewater in a negative pressure cooling tower through a lifting pump for being cooled, sequentially carrying out hydrolytic acidification in a primary anoxia pond, nitration treatment in a primary aerobiotic pond and precipitation in a precipitation pond on the cooled wastewater, adding the wastewater in an MBR, discharging the wastewater when reaching the standard, wherein microorganisms adopted in processes of hydrolytic acidification treatment, nitration treatment and denitrification treatment comprise brevibacterium flavum, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas stutzeri and brevibacillus brevis. According to the oil field wastewater treatment process, through improvement of an oil field wastewater treatment system and process, the oil field wastewater treatment efficiency can be further increased, and the effluent quality is improved; the two selected strains have a synergic effect when being used for commonly treating the oil field wastewater, and are capable of effectively degrading pollutants in the oil field wastewater.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of oilfield sewage treatment, particularly relate to a kind for the treatment of process for sewage in oil field.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of petroleum industry, crude Treatment factory and factory of each great oil refining set up one after another, the oily(waste)water produced in oil, petrochemical iy produced process mainly contains oil extraction-generated waste water, drilling well and well flushing waste water, Love psychology etc., wherein with oil extraction-generated waste water and Love psychology quantity discharged maximum, not only oil concentration is high, and containing a large amount of suspended solids and other pollutents.Since two thousand eight, strict oily(waste)water emission standard has successively been promulgated in country, each place, country has formulated new more strict waste water comprehensive discharge standard, that is: DB21/1627-2008(COD<50mg/L, ammonia nitrogen <8 (10) mg/L, total nitrogen <15mg/L, total phosphorus <0.5mg/L), the original sewage treatment process of each enterprise can not meet the high standard of sewage discharge, needs new sewage treatment process badly.
Original place science and engineering journey biochemical stage adopts CAST(Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology) technique, the third generation SBR technique grown up on ICEAS Process ba-sis, be characterized in being provided with biological selector, sludge bulking can be prevented and remove dissolved organic matter, its treatment process mechanism is in variable volume " water-filling---draining, aeration---non-aeration " carry out biological dephosphorize denitrification (nitrification and denitrification) in activated sludge system, there is the ability of dephosphorization and denitrogenation, the treatment effect of this technique depends primarily on mud age, oxygen-supplying amount and one circulation in aeration and the ratio of non-aeration period.And under the normal operation of current CAST pond, be difficult to meet new standard requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, for solving prior art Crude Oil CAST technique to the inefficient deficiency of disposing polluted water in oil, provides a kind for the treatment of process for sewage in oil field.
A kind for the treatment of process for sewage in oil field, step is: first join in Buffer Pool by oilfield sewage, again sewage is joined in negative pressure cooling tower by lift pump and cool, then cooled sewage to be hydrolyzed acidification through one-level anoxic pond successively, one-level Aerobic Pond carries out nitration treatment, settling tank carries out precipitation and the second anoxic pond carries out denitrification process, finally sewage is added MBR reaction tank, sewage gets final product qualified discharge, wherein acidication process, nitration treatment, the microorganism adopted in denitrification treating processes is brevibacterium flavum, bacillus cereus, Amur Pseudomonas and Brevibacillus brevis.
Buffer Pool
Buffer Pool has the multi-functional purposes such as adjustment, cooling, oil removal.
Cooling tower
Buffer Pool water outlet enters cooling tower by lift pump lifting and cools, and for subsequent biochemical process provides good temperature condition, guarantees treatment effect.
Acidication
Under the condition of anoxic, fully mixed with waste water by acidication mud, the extracellular enzyme utilizing fermenting bacteria to discharge carries out chain rupture, the difficult degradation larger molecular organics in waste water is made thoroughly to be digested to the small soluble molecules matrix of easily degraded, thus, improve the biodegradability of waste water, also can remove partial organic substances simultaneously, reduce the organic concentration of water outlet.
Nitration treatment
After acidication, sewage enters in one-level Aerobic Pond and carries out nitration treatment, make good use of the further decomposing organic matter of oxygen animalcule, oxygen required for bacteria metabolism is supplied by gas blower and aerator, in nitrifying process, organism is degraded by microbial biochemical, and clearance is higher, simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen in waste water and organonitrogen are nitrite and nitrate by oxidation by nitrobacteria, and organophosphorus then major part is converted into inorganic phosphate.
Settling tank
After nitrated, sewage self-flowing enters settling tank, completes solid-liquid separation and sludge condensation in this pond, and part muddy water mixed solution is back to one-level anoxic pond and carries out denitrification process, and bottom enters original sludge treating system through concentrated excess sludge.
Denitrification
Water outlet is from flowing into denitrification pond; Utilizing the effect of denitrifying bacterium, is nitrogen by the residual nitrate in waste water and Nitrite transformation, effectively reduces the total nitrogen content in water, guarantees that water outlet total nitrogen is up to standard;
MBR pond
In order to ensure Waste Water Treatment stably reaching standard, ad hoc MBR pond, utilizes the filteration that efficiently dams of membrane module to obtain stable effluent quality.Meanwhile, the remaining carbon source that denitrification adds also can be removed fully at this.Behind MBR pond, waste water gets final product qualified discharge.
As preferably, sewage is cooled to 28 ~ 32 DEG C by described negative pressure cooling tower.
Further, described Buffer Pool is flat flow Buffer Pool, and face, Buffer Pool pond is provided with oil skimming machine, is got up by floating oil collecting further.
As preferably, described Microorganism incubation is in mud, and phase generation of such microorganism is longer, and resistance to wash away the ability of hitting lotus comparatively strong, comparatively large and have the organic waste water of blocking statutes effect to have more stable processing efficiency to change of water quality.
Further, in described nitration treatment process, sodium carbonate to be added in sewage, to control in nitrification tank pH for 7 ~ 8.For improving system nitrification efficiency, when original water basicity is not enough, suitably need adds sodium carbonate, being beneficial to the carrying out of nitration reaction.
Further, will to supplementary carbon source in sewage in described acidication process and denitrification process, described carbon source is the mixture of acetic acid and glucose, and in sewage per ton, mixture add-on is 0.26kg, and wherein acetic acid and glucose quality are than being 5:8.
As preferably, be provided with some microbial film membrane modules, be provided with aerating system in reaction tank in described MBR reaction tank, aeration rate gas-water ratio is 20:1.
Further, in MBR reaction tank end outlet place sewage, add Polyferric Sulfate and clorox, in sewage per ton, add 0.05kg Polyferric Sulfate, form iron containing sludge, eventually pass through the removal that spoil disposal realizes total phosphorus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the present invention can improve disposing polluted water in oil efficiency further by the improvement of sewage treatment system of oilfield and technique, improves effluent quality; And there is synergy during the several bacterial classification co-treatment oilfield sewage selected, rational interworking between oil degradation bacterial strain, be conducive to better playing its degradation function, the bacterial strain of ecological factor and different ecological position connect each other and the ecosystem that is conducive to building of interacting more stable, can effectively degrade to pollutent in oilfield sewage.In the present invention, required equipment is simple, and cost is low, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process schema.
Embodiment
Oil degradation bacteria cultivation of the present invention, screening and acclimation method are as follows:
Aerobic microorganism is from oilfield sewage.Test adopts beef-protein medium enrichment culture, and substratum moiety is: crude oil amount is 3g/L; K
2hP0
43H
2o1g, K
2hZPO
41g, MgSO
47H
2o0.5g, NH
4nO
31g, CaCI
20.02g, crude oil 3g, pH value 7.8.
The separation purification method of degradation bacteria is: add 1% (w/v) crude oil sample in substratum, 7d cultivated by 30 DEG C of shaking tables, get pregnant solution 2mL and inoculate identical fresh culture, 7d is cultivated under the same terms, enrichment culture 30d, carries out separation and purification with extractum carnis peptone culture medium flat plate, carries out the purifying of more than 5 times so continuously, be defined as pure bacterium after microscopy, the bacterial strain after purifying is stored in beef extract-peptone inclined-plane and refrigerator and preserves (-4 DEG C).
Have the aerobic bacterial strain of degradation function through primary dcreening operation and multiple sieve, totally 4 strains of isolated aerobic oil degradation functional microorganism, the COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS of aerobic bacterial strain is as follows:
Brevibacterium flavum: the irregular circle in the unsmooth matt edge of fold convex surface yellow surfaces;
Bacillus cereus: the unsmooth matt neat in edge expansion of white surface is circular;
Amur Pseudomonas: the glossy neat in edge of expansion oyster white surface smoothing is circular;
Brevibacillus brevis: the irregular circle in the expansion unsmooth matt edge of white surface.
The domestication of efficient function yeast and ecological adaptation:
(1) in MBR pond and activated sludge tank, aerobic activated sludge and bacterium liquid is added respectively, anaerobic sludge and bacterium liquid is added in hydrolysis acidification pool, then each pond fills oily(waste)water, under constant temperature 35 DEG C of conditions, aeration is carried out to two Aerobic Ponds-MBR pond and activated sludge tank, cultivates 36 to 48 hours;
(2) bacterial classification accessed utilizes the organism in oily(waste)water to carry out self increment, and the poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid of release is simultaneously condensed into zoogloea mutually.Anchor on mud with biomembranous form in MBR pond, in activated sludge tank, zoogloea be combined with each other and forms the microorganism flco of suspension growth; After microorganism flco is formed in microbial film and activated sludge tank, through sedimentation, bleed off supernatant liquor, the oily(waste)water that reinjects is tamed, and repeats three days.
Within (3) the 6th days, rise, hydrolysis acidification pool keeps being interrupted water inlet, within about 4 days, changes a water; Aerobic Pond continuum micromeehanics, flow control at about 4L/h, residence time 20h.
(4) cultivation, the domestication of testing microorganism last 15 days, enter the oily(waste)water for low stain substrate concentration (COD150 to 250mg/L) of biological treatment system, grey black, muddiness, and have intense stimulus oil taste, pH is about 7.
Water outlet colorless and odorless, experienced by one by the clear process of turbid change, and settling tank surface is visible oil film sometimes, and comparatively speaking, the water outlet of MBR pond wants more as clear as crystal, and activated sludge tank water outlet is visible a small amount of canescence suspended substance often.Activated sludge tank sludge settling is good, sludge settling ratio (SV) 2% to 3%.
Biophase in active sludge and microbial film all experienced by a progressive formation: the 1 to 2 day, and biophase is with bacteria predominate, and amount very greatly and very active, forms equal zoogloea gradually; 3 one 4 day, zoogloea volume increased, and bacterium vitality is vigorous; Flagellata protozoon occurs, and becomes dominant population gradually; After 5th day, zoogloea sharpness of border, comparatively fine and close, bacterium enlivens, and travelling type and sessile form ciliate successively occur, replaces Flagellata to become dominant population.Formed in final system and preponderate with campanularian class, the microflora jointly formed with travelling type ciliate, flagellate and bacterium.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, oilfield sewage joins in Buffer Pool, and through the effect such as adjustment, cooling, oil removal of Buffer Pool, can be collected by the oil product floating over liquid level by the oil skimming machine being arranged on face, pond, sewage residence time in Buffer Pool is 16min.Connect the power supply of lift pump, Buffer Pool water outlet enters cooling tower by lift pump and cools, and sewage is cooled to 28 ~ 32 DEG C, for subsequent biochemical process provides good temperature condition, guarantees treatment effect.
Cooled sewage is passed into one-level anoxic pond, under the condition of anoxic, fully mixed with waste water by acidication mud, the extracellular enzyme utilizing fermenting bacteria to discharge carries out chain rupture, the difficult degradation larger molecular organics in waste water is made thoroughly to be digested to the small soluble molecules matrix of easily degraded, thus, improve the biodegradability of waste water, also can remove partial organic substances simultaneously, reduce the organic concentration of water outlet.The oil degradation bacteria adopted in the present invention to be microorganism be by aforesaid method tame obtain brevibacterium flavum, bacillus cereus, Amur Pseudomonas and Brevibacillus brevis, supplementary enough carbon sources are needed in this acidication treating processes, described carbon source is the mixture of acetic acid and glucose, in sewage per ton, mixture add-on is 0.26kg, wherein acetic acid and glucose quality are than being 5:8, and sewage is 4.5h in the one-level anoxic pond residence time.
The water outlet of one-level anoxic pond is from flowing into one-level Aerobic Pond, make good use of the further decomposing organic matter of oxygen animalcule, oxygen required for bacteria metabolism is supplied by gas blower and aerator, in nitrifying process, organism is degraded by microbial biochemical, clearance is higher, simultaneously, ammonia nitrogen in waste water and organonitrogen are nitrite and nitrate by oxidation by nitrobacteria, organophosphorus then major part is converted into inorganic phosphate, for improving system nitrification efficiency, when sewage basicity is not enough, need add sodium carbonate keeps pH value to be 7 ~ 8, be beneficial to the carrying out of nitration reaction, sewage is 10h in the one-level Aerobic Pond residence time.
Sewage after the process of one-level anoxic pond is joined in settling tank, solid-liquid separation and sludge condensation is completed in this pond, part muddy water mixed solution is back to one-level anoxic pond and carries out denitrification process, and bottom enters sludge treating system through concentrated excess sludge, and settling tank surface load is 0.82m
3/ m
2.h.
Sewage in settling tank is passed in secondary anoxic pond, utilizes denitrifying bacterium to be nitrogen by the residual nitrate in waste water and Nitrite transformation, effectively reduce the content of total nitrogen in water.Need supplementary enough carbon sources in this denitrification process, described carbon source is the mixture of acetic acid and glucose, and in sewage per ton, mixture add-on is 0.26kg, and wherein acetic acid and glucose quality are than being 5:8, and sewage is 4h in the secondary anoxic pond residence time.
Finally the sewage after denitrification is joined in MBR pond, some microbial film membrane modules are provided with in MBR reaction tank, be provided with aerating system in reaction tank, aeration rate gas-water ratio is 20:1, utilizes the MBR membrane module filteration that efficiently dams to obtain stable effluent quality.Meanwhile, the remaining carbon source that denitrification adds also can obtain sufficient place to go at this; Polyferric Sulfate is added in MBR reaction tank end outlet place sewage, 0.05kg Polyferric Sulfate is added in sewage per ton, and add clorox oxidation of ferrous iron to ferric iron, the Polyferric Sulfate reacted with residual phosphate is precipitated, form iron containing sludge, eventually pass through the removal that spoil disposal realizes total phosphorus, sewage is 9h in the secondary Aerobic Pond residence time.
Following table is the Pollutant levels before utilizing the inventive method to dispose of sewage and after process:
| Title | COD | Total nitrogen | Ammonia nitrogen | Volatile phenol | Unit |
| Before | 300～450 | 50～60 | 20～40 | 6 | mg/L |
| After | 38 | 10 | 5 | 0.27 | mg/L |
As seen from the above table, more obvious to oil field wastewater treatment effect by the inventive method, meet DB21/1627-2008(COD<50mg/L completely, ammonia nitrogen <8 (10) mg/L, total nitrogen <15mg/L).
Comparative example 1
Brevibacterium flavum in the degradation bacteria adopt embodiment 1 is removed, and other conditions are identical with embodiment 1, and the result finally obtained is as shown in the table:
| Title | COD | Total nitrogen | Ammonia nitrogen | Volatile phenol | Unit |
| Before | 300～450 | 50～60 | 20～40 | 6 | mg/L |
| After | 56 | 20 | 15 | 0.85 | mg/L |
Although just add a kind of degradation bacteria less with embodiment 1 as seen from the above table, its final wastewater treatment efficiency can not show a candle to the treatment effect of embodiment 1.
Experiment proves any one degradation bacteria in embodiment 1 to remove, and its final treatment effect does not all reach the requirement of DB21/1627-2008 standard.
Claims (8)
1. a treatment process for sewage in oil field, it is characterized in that: first oilfield sewage is joined in Buffer Pool, again sewage is joined in negative pressure cooling tower by lift pump and cool, then cooled sewage to be hydrolyzed acidification through one-level anoxic pond successively, one-level Aerobic Pond carries out nitration treatment, settling tank carries out precipitation and the second anoxic pond carries out denitrification process, finally sewage is added MBR reaction tank, sewage gets final product qualified discharge, wherein acidication process, nitration treatment, the microorganism adopted in denitrification treating processes is brevibacterium flavum, bacillus cereus, Amur Pseudomonas and Brevibacillus brevis.
2. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sewage is cooled to 28 ~ 32 DEG C by described negative pressure cooling tower.
3. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Buffer Pool is flat flow Buffer Pool, and face, Buffer Pool pond is provided with oil skimming machine.
4. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Microorganism incubation is in mud.
5. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: will add sodium carbonate in sewage in described nitration treatment process, to control in nitrification tank pH for 7 ~ 8.
6. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: will to supplementary carbon source in sewage in described acidication process and denitrification process, described carbon source is the mixture of acetic acid and glucose, in sewage per ton, mixture add-on is 0.26kg, and wherein acetic acid and glucose quality are than being 5:8.
7. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with some microbial film membrane modules in described MBR reaction tank, be provided with aerating system in reaction tank, and aeration rate gas-water ratio is 20:1.
8. treatment process for sewage in oil field according to claim 1, is characterized in that: add Polyferric Sulfate in described MBR reaction tank end outlet place sewage, add 0.05kg Polyferric Sulfate in sewage per ton.
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| CN104743743B (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2016-09-07 | 浦华环保有限公司 | Up flow type precipitates hydrolysis and two-stage AO biochemical treatment system and application thereof |
| CN107055950A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 常州大学 | The advanced purification process and device of a kind of waste emulsified mixture |
| CN108409025A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-08-17 | 南开大学 | A kind of ternary composite driving oil field recovered water materialization-biochemistry combined treatment process |
| CN109650650A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-19 | 北京航天环境工程有限公司 | A kind of processing system and application of petrochemical industry sewage |
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