CN103879858B - Building hoist and suspension centre thereof set and assemble method - Google Patents
Building hoist and suspension centre thereof set and assemble method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103879858B CN103879858B CN201410097777.4A CN201410097777A CN103879858B CN 103879858 B CN103879858 B CN 103879858B CN 201410097777 A CN201410097777 A CN 201410097777A CN 103879858 B CN103879858 B CN 103879858B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of building hoist and suspension centre setting and assemble method, this building hoist comprises gear drive train and to unify cage (1), gear (4) and tooth bar (3) engaged transmission be vertically arranged on guide rail bracket (2) of drive system model, thus pull cage along guide rail bracket together dipping and heaving by suspension centre (L), engagement common normal between wheel and rack (KK ') is relative to vertical line of centers (the HH ') lateral offset of guide rail bracket, the center of gravity (O) of drive system model is positioned at laterally first side of engagement common normal, the suspension centre of coupling is positioned at laterally second side of engagement common normal, and suspension centre is set as making suspension centre pulling force (G0) can the opposing torque that brings of the gravity (G1) of balance gear drive system relative to the forward moment of engagement common normal.This elevator improves the force-bearing situation of engaged transmission, alleviates the wearing and tearing of the parts such as gear, tooth bar, backgear and survey roller, building hoist is run more steady, reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of building hoist, particularly, relate to the setting of the hoisting point position in building hoist.
Background technology
Building hoist (also known as construction elevator) for carrying personnel or goods along guide rail bracket (or claiming tower crane) lifting moving on operation building site, safety when it uses and traveling comfort most important.Building hoist structurally generally includes cage and drive system model thereof.Operationally, the tooth bar engaged transmission on the tooth of drive system model and guide rail bracket, and pull cage to carry out dipping and heaving by suspension centre.
As Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 c shows multi-form building hoist.Wherein, in building hoist shown in Fig. 1 a, vertical line of centers HH ' (with the vertical line of centers of the cage 1 overlap) lateral offset of common normal KK ' relative to guide rail bracket 2 is engaged between tooth bar 3 with gear 4, cage 1 is pair suspension centre form with between drive system model and adopts otic placode to be connected, and two otic placodes 10 are arranged symmetrically with relative to vertical line of centers HH '.Building hoist shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 a similar, but have employed pull bar 11 with alternative otic placode 10.Building hoist shown in Fig. 1 c and the difference of Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b are tooth bar mid-(namely engaging common normal to overlap with the vertical line of centers of guide rail bracket) wherein and pull bar is arranged symmetrically with.
All there is different defects in the building hoist of these three kinds of versions.With reference to Fig. 1 a, find in the actual moving process of building hoist, drive system model, by offset loading force, makes gear 4 and backgear 8 serious wear, causes engagement not steady, produces shake.Meanwhile, owing to adopting bi-lug plate to be rigidly connected, the position of weld precision of the otic placode ensured on the bogie of drive system model and cage is needed, if there is any position deviation, bearing pin all can be made to install, needing chops off the ears joins weldering again, and interchangeability is poor, can not exchange with other cages.With reference to Fig. 1 b, it has the defects such as the wearing and tearing identical with Fig. 1 a and shake, and the pull bar form adopting elasticity to connect due to suspension centre place, and in order to ensure to install, pull bar has larger degree of freedom, and jitter phenomenon connects even more serious than otic placode.For Fig. 1 c that tooth bar is mid-, although engaging stress is more excellent, because (formation guide rail bracket) standard knot market adopting tooth bar biased is more, the standard knot interchangeability making tooth bar mid-is poor.And tooth bar is arranged on the middle part of the horizontal web member of standard knot, is the position that rigidity is the most weak, thus be unfavorable for the stability of operation.
For the building hoist that tooth bar is biased, technical personnel has carried out many trials, and to solve, above-mentioned engaging stress is unbalanced, serious wear and easily produce the problems such as shake.In a kind of single suspension centre building hoist disclosed in notification number CN203255838U such as shown in Fig. 2, more balanced for realizing engaging stress, single gear 4 is engaged with tooth bar by two carrier gears 12.For solving cage load over centre and the poor problem of the engaged transmission force-bearing situation that brings, suspension centre L is arranged on the vertical line of centers HH ' of guide rail bracket (or cage).But in actual moving process, wearing and tearing and the jitter phenomenon of this building hoist generation are still more serious.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of building hoist and suspension centre setting and assemble method, to improve force-bearing situation and the running stability of engaged transmission.
For achieving the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of building hoist, comprise gear drive train to unify cage, gear and the tooth bar engaged transmission be vertically arranged on guide rail bracket of described drive system model, thus pull described cage along described guide rail bracket together dipping and heaving by suspension centre, wherein, the vertical line of centers lateral offset of common normal relative to described guide rail bracket is engaged between described gear with described tooth bar, the center of gravity of described drive system model is positioned at laterally first side of described engagement common normal, the described suspension centre of the coupling between described drive system model with described cage is positioned at described laterally the second side of engaging common normal.
Preferably, the described suspension centre of coupling along described transverse direction second lateral deviation from the transverse distance x of described engagement common normal is:
x＝G1*a/(G2+G3)
Wherein, a is described center of gravity and the described transverse distance engaged between common normal, and G1 is the gravity of the described drive system model acted in the center of gravity of described drive system model, and G2 is the gravity of described cage, and G3 is the rated load of described building hoist.
Preferably, described drive system model comprises bogie and is arranged on described gear, retarder and the drive motor on this bogie, described G1 comprises making a concerted effort of the gravity of described bogie, gear, retarder and drive motor, and described suspension centre is formed on the underframe of described bogie.
Preferably, described drive system model also comprises vertically interval and is arranged in multiple backgear on described bogie and multiple side wheel, described backgear and described gear are respectively in the both sides of described tooth bar, and multiple described side wheel is separately positioned on the both sides of described bogie and the side direction slide rail along described guide rail bracket slides.
Preferably, the vertical line of centers of described guide rail bracket overlaps with the vertical line of centers of described cage, and is all positioned at described transverse direction first side of described engagement common normal.
Preferably, single suspension centre is formed between described drive system model and described cage.
Preferably, be formed with two suspension centre between described drive system model and described cage, the described suspension centre of coupling is the horizontal mid point of described pair of suspension centre.
Preferably, on described suspension centre, be connected by otic placode or pull bar between described drive system model with described cage.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of suspension centre setting and assemble method of building hoist, the method comprises suspension centre setting procedure and cage number of assembling steps, in suspension centre setting procedure, common normal is engaged as center of effort's line using the gear in the drive system model of building hoist and the lateral offset between the tooth bar on guide rail bracket, the center of gravity of described drive system model is formed in laterally first side of described center of effort line, suspension centre between described drive system model and cage is set in laterally second side of described center of effort line, and make the gravity of the described cage acted on described suspension centre and load relative to described center of effort line forward moment balance described in the gravity of drive system model relative to the opposing torque of described center of effort line, in cage number of assembling steps, installation connecting element on the described hoisting point position of setting, makes described cage connect described drive system model by described attaching parts.
Preferably, when calculating described forward moment in suspension centre setting procedure, using the rated load G3 of described building hoist as the described load acted on described suspension centre.
According to technique scheme, in the building hoist that hoisting point position establishing method of the present invention and employing the method design, because tooth bar is biased, the center of gravity of gear train assembly will be difficult to drop on by the square in engagement common normal, thus inevitably form certain moment of torsion relative to this engagement common normal, this torsional interaction is on engaging gear, gear will be made, tooth bar unbalance stress, and then cause unbalance stress and the serious wear of backgear and side wheel, thus be as the criterion to engage common normal when the suspension centre of building hoist of the present invention is arranged, the opposite side relative in the side at the center of gravity place of drive system model arranges suspension centre, suspension centre pulling force can the applied moment brought of the deadweight of balance gear driving system better relative to the moment of this engagement common normal, thus improve the transmission force-bearing situation of rack and pinion engagement, alleviate gear, tooth bar, the wearing and tearing of the parts such as backgear and survey roller, building hoist is run more steady, reliably.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification sheets, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 a is a kind of building hoist according to prior art, and its middle rack is biased and otic placode is arranged symmetrically with;
Fig. 1 b is the another kind of building hoist according to prior art, and its middle rack is biased and pull bar is arranged symmetrically with;
Fig. 1 c is the another kind of building hoist according to prior art, and the mid-and pull bar of its middle rack is arranged symmetrically with;
Fig. 2 is biased according to tooth bar a kind of in prior art and adopts the building hoist of single suspension centre form;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the building hoist according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
The force analysis figure that Fig. 4 is the building hoist shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 a is the close-up schematic view of building hoist at suspension centre place according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein have employed single suspension centre form; And
Fig. 5 b and Fig. 5 a is similar, but suspension centre place have employed two suspension centre form.
description of reference numerals
1 cage 2 guide rail bracket
3 tooth bar 4 gears
5 retarder 6 drive motor
7 bogie 8 backgears
9 side wheel 10 otic placodes
11 pull bar 12 carrier gears
G0 suspension centre pulling force
The gravity of the gravity G2 cage of G1 drive system model
HH ' vertically line of centers KK ' engages common normal
O center of gravity L suspension centre
X suspension centre transverse distance a center of gravity transverse distance
The upper side wheel directed force F of F1 2 times side wheel application forces
F3 upper backgear directed force F 4 lower back wheel application force
F5 cogs directed force F 6 lower gear application force
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
In invention, when not doing contrary explanation, the noun of locality of use as " upper and lower, top, the end " normally for direction shown in the drawings or for each parts mutual alignment relationship description word vertically, on vertical or gravity direction; The left and right directions of the paper transverse direction that " left and right " typically refers to, " laterally, vertical " is the transverse direction or vertical for paper equally.
In the building hoist of prior art, the connection of drive system model and cage generally adopts the symmetrical connection structure centered by the center of gravity of cage, makes cage operationally easily remain on level attitude, thus makes side wheel stressed less.But for the gear drive structure that tooth bar is biased, the suspension centre adopting Fig. 1 a or this center of Fig. 1 b to connect is arranged and will be made the stressed biased of drive system model, and the shake produced during operation is comparatively large, gear, backgear and side wheel serious wear.For ease of understanding, with reference to the force analysis of Fig. 4 of the present invention, if suspension centre L is arranged or is symmetrically arranged two suspension centre L along vertical line of centers HH ', then the gravity G2 of cage and load form an anticlockwise moment relative to engagement common normal KK ', simultaneously because the center of gravity O of drive system model is arranged in laterally the first side (left side of figure) of engaging common normal KK ', also form an anticlockwise moment relative to engagement common normal KK ' equally.On cogging shown in two anticlockwise moment superpositions to Fig. 4, the directed force F 5 that certainly will cause cogging increases relative to lower gear directed force F 6, and cogging wearing and tearing aggravation; To produce the tendency of deflection to the left with hour rack, pressure-bearing is on upper and lower backgear, and cause backgear directed force F 3 and lower back wheel application force F4 to increase, the wearing and tearing of backgear are large.In like manner, upper side wheel directed force F 1 and lower side wheel directed force F 2 also increase, and cause wandering and gnawing track.Visible, owing to being difficult to solve unbalance stress at all, there is the defect being difficult to overcome in the design of lifting points pattern of prior art, also can only mitigate wear even if improved, and be difficult to eliminate.
In the present invention, breaching original traditional design theory, for ensureing the interchangeability of the standard knot forming guide rail bracket 2, adopting the standard knot that tooth bar 3 is biased.For ensureing the stationarity of rack and pinion engagement, to engage common normal KK ' for after center of effort's line carries out stressed and torque analysis, propose to arrange suspension centre L at the opposite side that the side at the center of gravity O place of drive system model is relative, suspension centre pulling force can the applied moment brought of the deadweight of balance gear driving system better relative to the moment of this engagement common normal KK ', thus improve the transmission force-bearing situation of rack and pinion engagement, alleviate the wearing and tearing of the parts such as gear, tooth bar, backgear and survey roller, building hoist is run more steady, reliable.
Based on the new design philosophy of the above-mentioned moment balance relative to engagement common normal KK ', with reference to figure 3 and Fig. 4, the present invention proposes a kind of suspension centre setting and assemble method of building hoist, the method specifically comprises suspension centre setting procedure and cage number of assembling steps; In suspension centre setting procedure, common normal KK ' is engaged as center of effort's line using the gear 4 in the drive system model of building hoist and the lateral offset between the tooth bar 3 on guide rail bracket 2, the center of gravity O of drive system model is formed in laterally first side of center of effort's line, suspension centre L between drive system model and cage 1 is set in laterally second side of center of effort's line, and makes the gravity of the cage 1 acted on suspension centre L and load relative to the gravity of the forward moment balance gear drive system of center of effort's line relative to the opposing torque of center of effort's line.Step according to this, the suspension centre L of setting is positioned at the right side of the cage 1 shown in Fig. 4, namely relative to the opposite side of the center of gravity O of drive system model.In cage number of assembling steps, installation connecting element on the described suspension centre L position of above-mentioned setting, such as otic placode 10 or connecting rod 11, make cage 1 connect drive system model by this attaching parts, thus complete the drive system model of building hoist and the assembling of cage 1.
In above-mentioned suspension centre setting with on the basis of assemble method, the corresponding a kind of building hoist provided as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 of the present invention, this building hoist comprises gear drive train and to unify cage 1, gear 4 and tooth bar 3 engaged transmission be vertically arranged on guide rail bracket 2 of drive system model, thus pull cage 1 along guide rail bracket 2 together dipping and heaving by suspension centre L, wherein, the vertical line of centers HH ' lateral offset of common normal KK ' relative to guide rail bracket 2 is engaged between gear 4 with tooth bar 3, the center of gravity O of drive system model is positioned at laterally first side of engagement common normal KK ', the suspension centre L of the coupling between drive system model with cage 1 is positioned at laterally second side of engaging common normal KK '.It should be noted that, described suspension centre L is the point of connection between drive system model and cage 1, the suspension centre L of coupling refers to when there is multiple suspension centre, when carrying out force analysis, the deadweight of cage 1 and load thereof act on point of connection or the stress point of the single virtual on drive system model.Such as when there is stressed two identical suspension centres, the suspension centre of coupling is the horizontal mid point between two suspension centres, also will address below.
Like this, see Fig. 4, because suspension centre L is positioned at the right side of engagement common normal KK ', the gravity G2 of suspension centre pulling force G0(and cage and load thereof) form a graphic clockwise moment (i.e. forward moment) relative to engagement common normal KK ', the anticlockwise moment (i.e. opposing torque) that the deadweight that this clockwise moment can be used for the drive system model balancing left side brings, or at least play buffer action, so just alleviate the lower side wheel directed force F 2 in figure, lower back wheel application force F4 and cog the stressed of directed force F 5 and unstable wear, make gear 4, the wearing and tearing of backgear 8 and survey roller 9 reduce, extend the service life of parts.Decrease the maintenance workload of elevator.Further, the vibration run due to elevator and noise are mainly derived from drive system model, thus building hoist of the present invention take more comfortable, decrease maintenance workload.
For reaching moment balance better, namely forward moment balances opposing torque better, and for ease of assembling, when calculating forward moment, using the rated load of building hoist as the load acted on suspension centre L, i.e. G0=G2+G3.Now, with reference to Fig. 4, for reaching moment balance, should make:
G0*x＝G1*a
Therefore, the suspension centre L of coupling transversely the second lateral deviation from engagement common normal KK ' transverse distance x be:
x＝G1*a/(G2+G3)
Wherein, a is center of gravity O and the transverse distance engaged between common normal KK ', and G1 is the gravity of the drive system model acted on the center of gravity O of drive system model, and G2 is the gravity of cage 1, and G3 is the rated load of building hoist.
In the present embodiment shown in Fig. 3, gear 4, retarder 5 and drive motor 6 that drive system model generally includes bogie 7 and is arranged on this bogie 7, drive motor 6 is by retarder 5 driven wheel 4, and gear 4 and tooth bar 3 engaged transmission, pull cage 1 oscilaltion by suspension centre L.Wherein, above-mentioned G1 should comprise making a concerted effort of the gravity of bogie 7, gear 4, retarder 5 and drive motor 6, and suspension centre L is formed in particularly on the underframe of bogie 7 on drive system model, and suspension centre L is formed in the top of cage 1 particularly on cage 1.In addition, drive system model also comprises vertically interval and is arranged in multiple backgears 8 on bogie 7 and multiple side wheel 9, backgear 8 and gear 4 are respectively in the both sides of tooth bar 3, and multiple side wheel 9 is separately positioned on the both sides of bogie 7 and the side direction slide rail along guide rail bracket 2 slides.Backgear 8 to be arranged on bogie 7 and can spinning, and during installation, arrange certain horizontal assembly clearance between backgear 8 and tooth bar 3, when tooth bar 3 produces, backgear 8 pairs of tooth bars 3 play support limit effect.See Fig. 3, when having said structure composition, the vertical line of centers HH ' of guide rail bracket 2 preferably overlaps substantially with the vertical line of centers of cage 1, and is all positioned at described transverse direction first side of engagement common normal KK '.
In addition, the single suspension centre shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 5 a can be formed between drive system model and cage 1 or two suspension centres of being formed as shown in Figure 5 b.When forming the two suspension centres shown in Fig. 5 b, when carrying out force analysis, the lateral mid-point point of two suspension centre can be considered as the suspension centre L be coupled simply.Therefore, when forming two suspension centre, suspension centre L position is no longer confined to described transverse direction second side being all positioned at engagement common normal KK ', only needs the suspension centre of the coupling of two suspension centre to be positioned at laterally the second side.
When adopting single suspension centre, as shown in Figure 3, although be biased relative to cage 1, but because cage 1 is slided by the side direction slide rail of its side wheel along guide rail bracket 2, avoid the swing of cage 1 relative to single suspension centre L, comparatively pulsation-free lifting moving can be realized, little to comfort degree.Certainly, adopt two suspension centres as shown in Figure 5 b, then can further improve the running stability of elevator.In addition, on suspension centre L, undertaken being connected or adopting the pull bar 11 shown in Fig. 1 b to connect by the otic placode 10 shown in such as Fig. 1 a, Fig. 5 a or Fig. 5 b between drive system model with cage 1, can select easily according to performance requirement, assembly precision etc.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible array mode.
In addition, also can carry out combination in any between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. a building hoist, comprise gear drive train to unify cage (1), gear (4) and tooth bar (3) engaged transmission be vertically arranged on guide rail bracket (2) of described drive system model, thus pull described cage (1) along described guide rail bracket (2) dipping and heaving together by suspension centre (L), wherein, vertical line of centers (the HH ') lateral offset of common normal (KK ') relative to described guide rail bracket (2) is engaged between described gear (4) with described tooth bar (3), the center of gravity (O) of described drive system model is positioned at laterally first side of described engagement common normal (KK '), the described suspension centre (L) of the coupling between described drive system model with described cage (1) is positioned at described laterally the second side of engaging common normal (KK '), described suspension centre (L) is relative to vertical line of centers (the HH ') lateral offset of described guide rail bracket (2).
2. building hoist according to claim 1, wherein, the described suspension centre (L) of coupling along described transverse direction second lateral deviation from the transverse distance x of described engagement common normal (KK ') is:
x＝G1*a/(G2+G3)
Wherein, a is described center of gravity (O) and the described transverse distance engaged between common normal (KK '), G1 is the gravity of the described drive system model acted in the center of gravity (O) of described drive system model, G2 is the gravity of described cage (1), and G3 is the rated load of described building hoist.
3. building hoist according to claim 2, wherein, described drive system model comprises bogie (7) and is arranged on described gear (4), retarder (5) and the drive motor (6) on this bogie (7), described G1 comprises making a concerted effort of the gravity of described bogie (7), gear (4), retarder (5) and drive motor (6), and described suspension centre (L) is formed on the underframe of described bogie (7).
4. building hoist according to claim 3, wherein, described drive system model also comprises vertically interval and is arranged in multiple backgears (8) on described bogie (7) and multiple side wheel (9), described backgear (8) and described gear (4) are respectively in the both sides of described tooth bar (3), and multiple described side wheel (9) is separately positioned on the both sides of described bogie (7) and the side direction slide rail along described guide rail bracket (2) slides.
5. building hoist according to claim 1, wherein, the vertical line of centers of described guide rail bracket (2) (HH ') overlaps with the vertical line of centers of described cage (1), and is all positioned at described transverse direction first side of described engagement common normal (KK ').
6. building hoist according to claim 1, wherein, forms single suspension centre between described drive system model and described cage (1).
7. building hoist according to claim 1, wherein, is formed with two suspension centre between described drive system model and described cage (1), the horizontal mid point that the described suspension centre (L) of coupling is described pair of suspension centre.
8. building hoist according to claim 1, wherein, on described suspension centre (L), is connected by otic placode (10) or pull bar (11) between described drive system model with described cage (1).
9. the suspension centre of building hoist sets and an assemble method, and wherein, the method comprises:
Suspension centre setting procedure: engage common normal (KK ') as center of effort's line using the gear (4) in the drive system model of building hoist and the lateral offset between the tooth bar (3) on guide rail bracket (2), the center of gravity (O) of described drive system model is formed in laterally first side of described center of effort line, suspension centre (L) between described drive system model and cage (1) is set in laterally second side of described center of effort line, and make the gravity of the described cage (1) acted on described suspension centre (L) and load relative to described center of effort line forward moment balance described in the gravity of drive system model relative to the opposing torque of described center of effort line, and
Cage number of assembling steps: installation connecting element on described suspension centre (L) position of setting, makes described cage (1) connect described drive system model by described attaching parts.
10. the suspension centre of building hoist according to claim 9 sets and assemble method, wherein, when calculating described forward moment in suspension centre setting procedure, using the rated load G3 of described building hoist as the described load acted on described suspension centre (L).
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| CN104803257A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-07-29 | 南宁市宏涛机械设备有限责任公司 | Lifter having anti-falling function |
| CN109051785A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2018-12-21 | 湖州海控印刷设备科技有限公司 | A kind of quick paper feeder |
| CN113056432B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2022-06-17 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Elevator device for construction |
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| CN203255838U (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-10-30 | 广西建工集团建筑机械制造有限责任公司 | Single-lifting-point construction lift |
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| CN103879858A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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