CN103878383A - 一种荧光银纳米材料及其用于检测玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种荧光银纳米材料及其用于检测玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明为一种荧光银纳米材料及其用于检测玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的方法和应用,该荧光银纳米材料是通过向AgNO3水溶液中加入丙烯酸酯聚合物,制得聚合物络合溶液;在不需要其它还原剂和稳定剂的条件下,经加热制得。该荧光银纳米材料可用于进行玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的含量检测。该检测方法操作简便,与碘量法测定相比误差范围小于5%。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物检测领域,涉及一种荧光纳米银纳米材料在还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)检测中的应用。
背景技术
随着贵金属材料的尺寸逐渐减少,特别是在其尺寸接近电子的费米波长(<0.5nm)时,贵金属纳米粒子(如金、银)产生能级分离,会呈现较强的荧光性质[Schmid,
G.., Monika. B., Marcus, Greeken., Ingo, Heim., Christoph, Osemann., Current
and future applications of nanoclusters [J]. Chem. Soc. Rev. 28, 179-185
(1999).]。
聚甲基丙烯酸是以甲基丙烯酸单体加成聚合而成,溶于水。由于PMAA侧链上含有甲基,在水溶液中聚合物链局部收缩、坍塌形成串珠状结构 [Morawetz,
H., Revisiting some phenomena in polyelectrolyte solutions [J]. J. Polym. Sci. Part. B. 2002, 40, 1080–1086.]。聚甲基丙烯酸遇银离子反应形成配合物,在加热条件下可发生氧化还原反应,Ag+被还原,同时产生CO2气体。可以利用收缩坍塌部位的“笼型”空间效应以及聚合物链构象变化用作模板来控制金属银纳米簇的大小,并使其带有荧光性质[ 翁建,崔强,丁家宝,一种聚甲基丙烯酸微波合成荧光银纳米粒子的方法,中国发明专利,CN102059344A,2011-05-18]。
与传统的有机荧光探针相比,纳米银簇具有发射光谱窄的特点,最大发射波长可根据原子簇大小调节、不易光解、抗荧光漂白能力强的特点,因此是一种极具潜力的荧光探针材料。Dickson等几个研究小组制备了具有较强荧光发射的纳米银,并研究了它在细胞成像和光电材料方面的应用。关于银的荧光焠灭的报道还很少。
还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)是一种三肽化合物,其全称为 L-γ-谷氨酰-L-半胱氨酸-甘氨酸(γ-glutamyl-L-cysteinylglyxine),分子量为 307.33,熔点 189 ~ 193℃,晶体是无色透明细长柱状。其结构如下图所示。
谷胱甘肽广泛存在于自然界中的小分子多肽,它参与细胞的许多功能活动,如酶活性的保持,氨基酸的运转,解毒、抗氧自由基等。动物肝脏、酵母和植物胚芽中都有丰富的GSH,其中玉米胚中还原型谷胱甘肽的含量约为112-126mg/100g。
GSH分子中含有一个-SH基团,容易结合金、银和半导体等纳米颗粒达到表面修饰的效果。
谷胱甘肽结构式
目前测定谷胱甘肽含量的方法有多种,如比色法、滴定法、高效毛细管电泳法和近些年发展的高压液相色谱法等,这些方法各有其优点,但也都有不足,目前还没有一种既快速、稳定、特异、又十分灵敏、经济的测定方法,谷胱甘肽的测定方法有待进一步的发展和完善。
发明内容
本发明的目的,提供一种聚甲基丙烯酸加热合成荧光银纳米粒子的方法,并提供了一种荧光银纳米材料的检测应用;侧重研究考察了GSH对银纳米簇荧光性质的影响,并为玉米胚芽中GSH的检测提供一种新的简单有效方法。
本发明的技术方案,以聚甲基丙烯酸为稳定剂和还原剂,通过普通加热方式合成荧光银纳米粒子,并利用氨基酸小分子中还原型谷胱甘肽选择性淬灭的特点,采用外标法用于GSH的定量检测
本发明的目的之一可以通过以下技术措施实现
1) 溶液的配制:AgNO3水溶液
2) 向AgNO3水溶液中加入丙烯酸酯聚合物,1000rpm搅拌10分钟左右,得到聚合物络合溶液。
3)将聚合物络合溶液装入聚四氟乙烯容器中,密封后放置恒温鼓风干燥箱内加热反应。
4)加热反应结束后将体系冷却至室温,可得荧光银纳米胶体溶液,所得产物置于4℃冰箱中避光保存。
在步骤1中,所述硝酸银水溶液的浓度最好为0.05M
在步骤2中,所述聚合物为聚甲基丙烯酸(分子量9800),硝酸银:聚合物(单体)的摩尔比为1:2
在步骤3中,所述加热反应的温度可为120摄氏度。加热反应的时间可为30min。
本发明的目的,基于银纳米粒子的荧光性质和模板剂易受环境影响的特点,将制备得到的聚甲基丙烯酸稳定的荧光银纳米粒子应用于玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的检测,探索在小分子氨基酸检测领域中的应用。
上述制备的荧光分子探针在pH=7.0的PBS缓冲溶液中,在多种氨基酸小分子如:蛋氨酸
(Met) 精氨酸 (Arg) 缬氨酸(Val)赖氨酸(Lys)半胱氨酸(Cys)色氨酸(Try)丝氨酸 (Ser) 苏氨酸 (Thr) 组氨酸 (His) 谷胱甘肽(氧化型GSSG) 谷胱甘肽(还原型GSH),
对谷胱甘肽(还原型GSH)表现出好的选择性荧光淬灭,故其可应用GSH浓度的定量检测。
本发明的特点是:在利用较便宜的聚甲基丙烯酸溶液,使用简单加热法,在不需要其它还原剂和稳定剂的条件下,通过改变反应的温度或原料配比的方法得到荧光强度可控的银纳米粒子,溶液的颜色由无色变为玫瑰红色。最大紫外吸收位于510nm
,最大荧光激发峰位于618nm。
本试验的反应条件:荧光银溶液中分别加入氨基酸,银纳米粒子的荧光均可被猝灭,但猝灭程度不同,其中以还原型谷胱甘肽最为强烈。其淬灭曲线符合Stern-Volmer
方程,可以应用于微量还原型谷胱甘肽的检测。
附图说明:
图1:实施例1的荧光激发和发射光谱图。横坐标为波长(nm),纵坐标为强度。最大荧光激发峰位于510nm,最大发射光谱为618nm。
图2:为还原型谷胱甘肽对银纳米粒子荧光的淬灭图。横坐标为波长(nm),纵坐标为强度
Intensity;(0,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,100uM/L)
图3:GSH 对银纳米粒子荧光光谱的影响及其相互作用的的Stern-Volmer
曲线。
图4:对不同氨基酸和多肽小分子对银纳米粒子荧光的猝灭常数(Ksv)值作柱状图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例结合附图对本发明做进一步具体描述,本实施例只用于对本发明做进一步的说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域的技术人员根据上述发明的内容做出的一些非本质的改进和调整,均属本发明保护范围。
实施例1
1) 用移液管量取2.4
mL (0.05 M) AgNO3水溶液,置于10 mL烧杯中,滴加0.3 mL PMAA (单体0.8
M/L,分子量9800),控制银离子和聚合物单元浓度比为1:2,搅拌10 min后,将二者混合均匀,可得到聚甲基丙烯酸与银离子的配合物 (pH=8.3)。置于8 mL聚四氟乙烯管中封口,放入恒温干燥箱,然后在120 ℃条件下处理30
min。待反应体系自然冷却至室温,反应过程中溶液颜色由无色变为玫瑰红色,收集即得到荧光探针产品,置于4 ℃低温冰箱中避光保存,所得溶液的荧光光谱图参见图1。
实施例2:荧光探针在检测还原型谷胱甘肽中的应用
HEPS缓冲溶液的配置:取23.8 g HEPES溶于90 mL Millipore水中,用NaOH(0.01
M)调pH至7.0,然后用水定容至100 mL得到缓冲液浓度为1.0 mol/L,4 ℃条件下保存,使用时稀释至0.01 M。
与多肽分子作用:在4.0 mL石英比色管中,加入0.01 M HEPES缓冲液3.0
mL和实例1中荧光探针储备液200μL。然后加入不同量氨基酸溶液,充分摇匀。在相同的实验条件下,考察了多种氨基酸小分子的淬灭常数,其中还原型谷胱甘肽的淬灭常数最大,超过了干扰氨基酸小分子的10倍以上,如图 4所示,由此说明荧光银纳米簇对还原型谷胱甘肽具有良好的选择性。
GSH的淬灭作用:在加入GSH后,银纳米簇溶液的荧光发射峰发生了很大的改变,如图4所示。当加入GSH浓度50μM/L时,溶液的荧光强度降低了50%,其淬灭程度符合
实施例3
荧光探针在检测玉米胚芽中GSH含量中的应用。
称取50g脱脂粗碎的玉米胚,加入500mL蒸馏水充分溶解,进行超声波破碎,工艺参数为:400W,超生时间5S/次,超生次数为30次,间隔5S。然后在90℃热水中浸提15min,离心分离取上清液10mL,0.45μm水系膜过滤,收集清液作为待测液。
在4 ml石英比色皿中加入银纳米粒子的HEPS缓冲溶液3 ml,依次加入定量的GSH待测溶液,同时用515 nm为激发波长,进行荧光扫描,在618nm处测其荧光强度F ,按同样方法作试剂空白(荧光强度记为F0 ),计算出二者的相对荧光强度F0/F。根据荧光淬灭标准曲线计算洗脱液样品中GSH含量为1.3 mg/100ml。与碘量法测定相比误差范围小于5%,但该法操作更简便。
实施例4
荧光探针在检测小麦胚芽中GSH含量中的应用,将玉米胚芽换成小麦胚芽,其它同实施例3。
Claims (4)
1. 一种荧光银纳米材料,其特征在于向AgNO3水溶液中加入丙烯酸酯聚合物,搅拌、混合,制得聚合物络合溶液;在不需要其它还原剂和稳定剂的条件下,在120 ℃加热30min,即制得聚丙烯酸酯荧光银纳米粒子材料。
2. 如权利要求1所述的荧光银纳米材料,其特征在于应用所制得的聚丙烯酸酯荧光银纳米材料进行玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽的含量检测。
3. 如权利要求2所述的荧光银纳米材料的应用,其特征在于所说的应用聚丙烯酸酯荧光银纳米材料进行玉米胚芽中谷胱甘肽含量检测的具体操作方法和工艺条件如下:
称取50g脱脂粗碎的玉米胚,加入500mL蒸馏水充分溶解,进行超声波破碎,工艺参数为:400W,超生时间5S/次,超生次数为30次,间隔5S;然后在90℃热水中浸提15min,离心分离取上清液10mL,0.45μm水系膜过滤,收集清液作为待测液;
在4 ml石英比色皿中加入银纳米粒子的HEPS缓冲溶液3 ml,依次加入定量的GSH待测溶液,同时用515 nm为激发波长,进行荧光扫描,在618nm处测其荧光强度F ,按同样方法作试剂空白(荧光强度记为F0 ),计算出二者的相对荧光强度F0/F。
4.根据荧光淬灭标准曲线计算洗脱液样品中GSH含量。
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