CN103872701A - Energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid and a control method thereof. The energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid comprises an alternating current micro-grid, a direct current micro-grid, a battery energy-storage system and an energy management system EMS, which are connected with an external grid control center. The control method of the energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid comprises the following steps of initializing the EMS to acquire information data of the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the battery energy-storage system; acquiring information data of an external public grid in real time; regulating and controlling the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the battery energy-storage system according to the acquired data. The energy-storage type alternating current and direct current mixed micro-grid and the control method thereof have the advantages that the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, the size of a transformer can be reduced, networking and controlling are more flexible, the cost is reduced, and the power supply reliability of the whole system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage type alternating current and direct current hybrid micro-grid and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, in a large power supply system or other microgrid systems, a single microgrid system mainly including an alternating current microgrid or a direct current microgrid is mainly used. For a single microgrid system, there are disadvantages in this respect: more and more electric equipment needs direct current power supply, and compared with the conversion from direct current to direct current through an alternating current power grid, the converter has the advantages of large equipment volume, high cost, low alternating current conversion efficiency and serious energy loss; the single alternating current or direct current micro-grid has the advantages of more power conversion equipment, large volume and low system power supply reliability; meanwhile, with increasing attention on energy conservation and environmental protection, direct current electric energy is output by a solar distributed generation system, an elevator energy-saving energy recovery system and the like, and convenience is brought to flexible access of renewable energy sources; in addition, most micro-grid systems are simple to control and manage, and an effective energy control method does not fully consider the energy utilization efficiency of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid and a design scheme of a control method thereof.
An energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid comprises an alternating current microgrid, a direct current microgrid, a battery energy storage system and an energy management system EMS (energy management system) connected with the alternating current microgrid, the direct current microgrid and the battery energy storage system, wherein the alternating current microgrid and the direct current microgrid are connected through one or more bidirectional DC/AC converters, and the alternating current microgrid and the direct current microgrid are respectively connected with the battery energy storage system through one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters and one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters; and the energy management system EMS is also connected with an external power grid control center.
The alternating-current microgrid comprises an alternating-current bus, one or more bidirectional AC/AC converters connected to the alternating-current bus for connecting with an external public power grid, one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters for exchanging energy with external electric equipment (corresponding to an electric automobile, an alternating-current load and the like), and one or more AC/AC converters for connecting with other alternating-current power generation systems.
The direct-current microgrid comprises a direct-current bus, one or more DC/DC converters connected to the direct-current bus and used for connecting other direct-current power generation systems, one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters used for connecting external electric equipment (equivalent to an electric automobile, a direct load and the like), and one or more DC/DC converters.
The energy management system EMS comprises a main control unit, a direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the direct-current micro-grid, an alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and a battery management unit connected with the battery energy storage system; the direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit, the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit and the battery management unit are all connected with the main control unit. The direct-current microgrid monitoring unit and the alternating-current microgrid monitoring unit are respectively connected with each converter of the direct-current microgrid and each converter of the alternating-current microgrid through communication buses; the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit is connected with each converter connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid; the battery management unit is respectively connected with the direct-current micro-grid and the alternating-current micro-grid through one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters and one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters.
The direct-current microgrid monitoring unit and the alternating-current microgrid monitoring unit are respectively connected with each converter of the direct-current microgrid and each converter of the alternating-current microgrid through communication buses; and the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit is connected with each converter connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid.
A control method of an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid comprises the following steps: (1) initializing an Energy Management System (EMS); (2) the energy management system EMS acquires information data of the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the storage battery energy storage system of the battery energy storage system; (3) an energy management system EMS acquires information data of an external public power grid in real time; (4) and regulating and controlling the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system according to the acquired data.
The information data in the step (2) comprises: (I) the load states of the alternating-current micro-grid, the direct-current micro-grid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid; and (II) generating power of a power generation system in the alternating current micro-grid and the direct current micro-grid, and the current residual power of a battery energy storage system. The information data in the step (3) comprises: the method comprises the following steps of predicting a load curve of an external public power grid, predicting a charging curve of an electric automobile and predicting a generating power of a generating system in the AC/DC micro grid.
The method for acquiring the load states of the alternating-current micro-grid, the direct-current micro-grid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid comprises the following steps: acquiring the flow direction and the magnitude of the current main node power through a bidirectional AC/AC converter connected with an external public power grid; the method comprises the following steps of connecting data of all bidirectional AC/DC converters of an alternating-current micro-grid and a direct-current micro-grid, connecting all bidirectional AC/DC converters of external electric equipment and all bidirectional DC/DC converters of the external electric equipment, and according to a constant power control principle of a slave node of the alternating-current micro-grid:and a constant power control principle of the slave node of the direct-current micro-grid is as follows:calculating the energy flow direction and the energy flow size of the current alternating current micro-grid, the current direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system; whereinIs a direct-current load, and the load is a direct-current load,is an alternating current load, and is provided with a plurality of alternating current load,to generate power for the direct current power generation system,to generate power for the ac power generation system,the power is provided for the power grid,to store the power stored in the system for the battery,the power required by the battery system of the electric automobile.
The method of the step (4) comprises the following steps: (41) the energy management system EMS judges whether the abundant electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid or not according to each prediction curve; (42) and the energy management system EMS acquires an optimal power path through an efficiency optimization algorithm according to the load size, and adjusts the combination and load distribution combination of each converter according to the optimal power path.
The method for judging whether the surplus electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid or not in the step (41) comprises the following steps: calculating the energy storage requirement of whether the power of the direct current power generation system can be full of the battery energy storage system in the future unit time according to each piece of predicted data, and if so, sending a related instruction to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to feed back the redundant electric energy of the alternating current micro-grid to an external public network; if the power of the direct-current power generation system in unit time in the future cannot meet the energy storage requirement of the battery energy storage system and the load requirement in the alternating-current/direct-current microgrid is large in the future, a related instruction is sent to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to store the redundant electric energy of the alternating-current microgrid in the battery system.
Said step (42) further comprises the steps of: (42a) when the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the direct current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of the direct current generating equipment in the direct current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
a reasonable power path is calculated.
(42b) When the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the power generation power of alternating-current power generation equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current power generation power in the direct-current micro-grid is less than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
(42c) When the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of alternating-current generating equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current generating power in the direct-current micro-grid is greater than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
Wherein,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/AC converter,for a bi-directional DC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,for a bi-directional AC/DC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for the reverse conversion efficiency function of the AC/DC direct current converter,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/DC converter,for a bi-directional DC/DC converter to reverse the conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional AC/AC converter,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional DC/DC converter.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) through modularization of each converter, the load and the power generation unit can be flexibly connected, the environment that alternating current is converted into direct current is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the size of the converter is reduced, meanwhile, the investment of reactive compensation equipment is reduced, and the cost is saved; (2) the AC/DC micro-grid adopts distributed management, so that the control efficiency of the system is greatly improved, and the control is more flexible; (3) the alternating current-direct current micro-grid adopts alternating current-direct current hybrid power supply, and a battery energy storage system is added, so that the reliability of the power supply of the whole system is improved; (4) the system is in real-time communication interaction with an external public power grid, energy storage and output are carried out when necessary, the effects of peak clipping and valley filling of the external public power grid can be achieved, the positive effect on balancing the whole power grid is achieved, the utilization efficiency is improved, and the power utilization cost is reduced; (5) the network is flexible, can be quickly networked from small to single building to large area power supply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid, which comprises an alternating current microgrid, a direct current microgrid, a battery energy storage system and an energy management system EMS connected with the alternating current microgrid, the direct current microgrid and the battery energy storage system, wherein the alternating current microgrid and the direct current microgrid are connected through one or more bidirectional DC/AC converters to realize energy exchange.
The alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid are respectively connected with the battery energy storage system through one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters and one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters, and the battery energy storage system can be charged and discharged; the energy management system EMS is also connected to an external grid control center.
The AC microgrid comprises an AC BUS (AC BUS), one or more bidirectional AC/AC converters connected to the AC BUS for connection to an external utility grid, one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters for energy exchange with external consumers, one or more AC/AC converters for connection to other AC power generation systems. The power generation system can be an alternating current power generation system such as oil engine power generation, wind power generation and the like.
The direct-current microgrid comprises a direct-current BUS (DC BUS), one or more DC/DC converters connected to the direct-current BUS and used for being connected with other direct-current power generation systems (such as photovoltaic power generation systems), one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters used for being connected with external electric equipment (such as external load electrical appliances, electric vehicle charging and discharging interfaces and corollary equipment thereof and the like), and one or more DC/DC converters.
The energy management system EMS comprises a main control unit, a direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the direct-current micro-grid, an alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and a battery management unit connected with the battery energy storage system and used for collecting battery information (information such as voltage, current, temperature and SOC) in real time; the direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit, the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit and the battery management unit are all connected with the main control unit. The direct-current microgrid monitoring unit and the alternating-current microgrid monitoring unit are respectively connected with each converter of the direct-current microgrid and each converter of the alternating-current microgrid through communication buses; and the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit is connected with each converter connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid. The direct-current microgrid monitoring unit and the alternating-current microgrid monitoring unit are respectively connected with each converter of the direct-current microgrid and each converter of the alternating-current microgrid through communication buses; and the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit is connected with each converter connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid. The direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit, the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit and the battery management unit realize data and information exchange with other nodes (the nodes comprise all converters) through communication buses, and communicate with a power grid center through a wired or wireless network to realize information transmission. The energy management system EMS may also be connected to an external grid control center in a wired or wireless manner to submit or obtain relevant data, such as external public grid load prediction curves.
The invention also discloses an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid control method which comprises the following steps.
(1) Energy management system EMS initializes.
(2) The energy management system EMS acquires information data of the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the storage battery energy storage system of the battery energy storage system; the method comprises the following steps: the load states of the alternating-current micro-grid, the direct-current micro-grid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid; the power generation system comprises the power generation power of the power generation system in the alternating current micro-grid and the direct current micro-grid and the current residual power of the battery energy storage system.
The method for acquiring the load states of the alternating-current micro-grid, the direct-current micro-grid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid comprises the following steps: acquiring the flow direction and the magnitude of the current main node power through a bidirectional AC/AC converter connected with an external public power grid; the method comprises the following steps of connecting data of all bidirectional AC/DC converters of an alternating-current micro-grid and a direct-current micro-grid, connecting all bidirectional AC/DC converters of external electric equipment and all bidirectional DC/DC converters of the external electric equipment, and according to a constant power control principle of a slave node of the alternating-current micro-grid:and a constant power control principle of the slave node of the direct-current micro-grid is as follows:calculating the energy flow direction and the energy flow size of the current alternating current micro-grid, the current direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system; whereinIs a direct-current load, and the load is a direct-current load,is an alternating current load, and is provided with a plurality of alternating current load, to generate power for the direct current power generation system,to generate power for the ac power generation system,the power is provided for the power grid,to store the power stored in the system for the battery,the power required by the battery system of the electric automobile.
(3) The energy management system EMS acquires information data of an external public power grid in real time (from an external power grid control center), and the information data comprises the following steps: and inquiring the electric vehicle charging prediction curve and the power generation system power generation prediction curve in the alternating current-direct current micro-grid in real time according to the historical statistical data.
(4) And regulating and controlling the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system according to the acquired data. The energy management system EMS judges whether the abundant electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid or not according to each prediction curve; and the energy management system EMS acquires an optimal power path through an efficiency optimization algorithm according to the load size, and adjusts the combination and load distribution combination of each converter according to the optimal power path.
The method for judging whether the abundant electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid comprises the following steps: calculating the energy storage requirement of whether the power of the direct current power generation system can be full of the battery energy storage system in the future unit time according to each piece of predicted data, and if so, sending a related instruction to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to feed back the redundant electric energy of the alternating current micro-grid to an external public network; if the power of the direct-current power generation system in unit time in the future cannot meet the energy storage requirement of the battery energy storage system and the load requirement in the alternating-current/direct-current microgrid is large in the future, a related instruction is sent to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to store the redundant electric energy of the alternating-current microgrid in the battery system.
(42a) When the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the direct current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of the direct current generating equipment in the direct current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
(42b) When the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the power generation power of alternating-current power generation equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current power generation power in the direct-current micro-grid is less than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
(42c) When the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of alternating-current generating equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current generating power in the direct-current micro-grid is greater than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
Wherein,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/AC converter,for a bi-directional DC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,for a bi-directional AC/DC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for the reverse conversion efficiency function of the AC/DC direct current converter,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/DC converter,for a bi-directional DC/DC converter to reverse the conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional AC/AC converter,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional DC/DC converter.
This example is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and well-known and well-established techniques are used for those parts not described in detail. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid comprises an alternating current microgrid, a direct current microgrid and a battery energy storage system, and is characterized by further comprising an energy management system EMS connected with the alternating current microgrid, the direct current microgrid and the battery energy storage system, wherein the alternating current microgrid and the direct current microgrid are connected through one or more bidirectional DC/AC converters, and the alternating current microgrid and the direct current microgrid are respectively connected with the battery energy storage system through one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters and one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters; and the energy management system EMS is also connected with an external power grid control center.
2. The energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid of claim 1 is characterized in that: the alternating-current microgrid comprises an alternating-current bus, one or more bidirectional AC/AC converters connected to the alternating-current bus and used for being connected with an external public power grid, one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters used for exchanging energy with external electric equipment, and one or more AC/AC converters used for being connected with other alternating-current power generation systems.
3. The energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid of claim 2, characterized in that: the direct-current microgrid comprises a direct-current bus, one or more DC/DC converters connected to the direct-current bus and used for connecting other direct-current power generation systems, one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters used for connecting external electric equipment and one or more DC/DC converters.
4. The energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid of claim 3, characterized in that: the energy management system EMS comprises a main control unit, a direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the direct-current micro-grid, an alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and a battery management unit connected with the battery energy storage system; the direct-current micro-grid monitoring unit, the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit and the battery management unit are all connected with the main control unit;
the direct-current microgrid monitoring unit and the alternating-current microgrid monitoring unit are respectively connected with each converter of the direct-current microgrid and each converter of the alternating-current microgrid through communication buses;
the alternating-current micro-grid monitoring unit is connected with each converter connected with the alternating-current micro-grid and the direct-current micro-grid;
the battery management unit is respectively connected with the direct-current micro-grid and the alternating-current micro-grid through one or more bidirectional DC/DC converters and one or more bidirectional AC/DC converters.
5. A control method of an energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) initializing an Energy Management System (EMS);
(2) the energy management system EMS acquires information data of the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the storage battery energy storage system of the battery energy storage system;
(3) an energy management system EMS acquires information data of an external public power grid in real time;
(4) and regulating and controlling the alternating current micro-grid, the direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system according to the acquired data.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the information data in the step (2) includes:
(I) the load states of the alternating-current micro-grid, the direct-current micro-grid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid;
(II) generating power of a power generation system in the alternating current micro-grid and the direct current micro-grid, and current residual power of a battery energy storage system; the information data in the step (3) comprises: the method comprises the following steps of predicting a load curve of an external public power grid, predicting a charging curve of an electric automobile and predicting a generating power of a generating system in the AC/DC micro grid.
7. The method for controlling the energy storage type alternating current/direct current hybrid microgrid according to claim 6, wherein the method for acquiring the load states of the alternating current microgrid, the direct current microgrid, the battery energy storage system and the external public power grid comprises the following steps: acquiring the flow direction and the magnitude of the current main node power through a bidirectional AC/AC converter connected with an external public power grid;
the method comprises the following steps of connecting data of all bidirectional AC/DC converters of an alternating-current micro-grid and a direct-current micro-grid, connecting all bidirectional AC/DC converters of external electric equipment and all bidirectional DC/DC converters of the external electric equipment, and according to a constant power control principle of a slave node of the alternating-current micro-grid:constant power control source of slave node of DC micro-gridThen:calculating the energy flow direction and the energy flow size of the current alternating current micro-grid, the current direct current micro-grid and the battery energy storage system;
wherein thereinIs a direct-current load, and the load is a direct-current load,is an alternating current load, and is provided with a plurality of alternating current load,to generate power for the direct current power generation system,to generate power for the ac power generation system,the power is provided for the power grid,to store the power stored in the system for the battery,the power required by the battery system of the electric automobile.
8. The method for controlling the energy storage type alternating current/direct current hybrid microgrid according to claim 7, wherein the method in the step (4) is as follows:
(41) the energy management system EMS judges whether the abundant electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid or not according to each prediction curve;
(42) and the energy management system EMS acquires an optimal power path through an efficiency optimization algorithm according to the load size, and adjusts the combination and load distribution combination of each converter according to the optimal power path.
9. The method for controlling the energy storage type ac/dc hybrid microgrid according to claim 8, wherein the step (41) of determining whether the surplus electric energy needs to be fed back to the external public power grid is performed by: calculating the energy storage requirement of whether the power of the direct current power generation system can be full of the battery energy storage system in the future unit time according to each piece of predicted data, and if so, sending a related instruction to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to feed back the redundant electric energy of the alternating current micro-grid to an external public network; if the power of the direct-current power generation system in unit time in the future cannot meet the energy storage requirement of the battery energy storage system and the load requirement in the alternating-current/direct-current microgrid is large in the future, a related instruction is sent to a related bidirectional AC/DC converter to store the redundant electric energy of the alternating-current microgrid in the battery system.
10. The energy storage type alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid control method according to claim 9, characterized in that the step (42) further comprises the following steps:
(42a) when the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the direct current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of the direct current generating equipment in the direct current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
(42b) when the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the power generation power of alternating-current power generation equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current power generation power in the direct-current micro-grid is less than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
(42c) when the energy management system EMS detects that the load power of the alternating-current micro-grid is greater than the generating power of alternating-current generating equipment in the alternating-current micro-grid, and the direct-current generating power in the direct-current micro-grid is greater than the direct-current load power in the direct-current micro-grid, the energy management system EMS is based on the optimal power path objective function:
wherein,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/AC converter,for a bi-directional DC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,for a bi-directional AC/DC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for the reverse conversion efficiency function of the AC/DC direct current converter,as a function of the forward conversion efficiency of the bi-directional DC/DC converter,for a bi-directional DC/DC converter to reverse the conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter forward conversion efficiency function,for a bi-directional AC/AC converter to reverse conversion efficiency functions,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional AC/AC converter,as a function of the efficiency of the unidirectional DC/DC converter.
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Cited By (28)
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CN104065101A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-24 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Distributed microgrid energy management system |
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