CN106505615A - A power supply system for electric vehicle charging station based on independent microgrid - Google Patents
A power supply system for electric vehicle charging station based on independent microgrid Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy specially adapted for power networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种电动汽车充电站系统，尤其涉及一种基于独立微网的电动汽车充电站供电系统。The invention relates to an electric vehicle charging station system, in particular to an electric vehicle charging station power supply system based on an independent microgrid.
背景技术Background technique
目前，我国在电动汽车充电设施建设上主要分为集中式充电站、分布式充电桩和更换电池三种模式。这些充电设施的建设在一定程度上解决了电动汽车的充电问题，但也存在明显的缺点，主要表现在以下两个方面：第一，由于对电网的依赖，充电设施无法再远离电网覆盖的区域建设使用；第二，充电设施的能量取自电网，而我国73％的电力来自煤炭，所以电动汽车的动力仍然来自常规能源，电动汽车的应用并没能改变对常规能源的消耗和对环境污染的影响。At present, my country's construction of electric vehicle charging facilities is mainly divided into three modes: centralized charging stations, distributed charging piles and battery replacement. The construction of these charging facilities has solved the charging problem of electric vehicles to a certain extent, but there are also obvious shortcomings, mainly in the following two aspects: First, due to the dependence on the grid, the charging facilities can no longer be far away from the area covered by the grid Construction and use; second, the energy of charging facilities is taken from the grid, and 73% of my country's electricity comes from coal, so the power of electric vehicles still comes from conventional energy, and the application of electric vehicles has not changed the consumption of conventional energy and environmental pollution Impact.
当前采用新能源为主要供电方式的电动汽车充电站发展迅速，但分布式能源的高效利用和充电设施的建设严重落后。主要表现在：1)光伏、风机等新能源的发电的不稳定性；2)充电桩与现有停车位的冲突；3)充电设施网点不足，尤其是偏远、缺电地区。At present, electric vehicle charging stations that use new energy as the main power supply method are developing rapidly, but the efficient use of distributed energy and the construction of charging facilities are seriously behind. Mainly manifested in: 1) The instability of new energy generation such as photovoltaics and wind turbines; 2) The conflict between charging piles and existing parking spaces; 3) Insufficient charging facilities, especially in remote and power-scarce areas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术中电动汽车充电站存在的上述技术问题，提供一种基于独立微网的电动汽车充电站供电系统，优化太阳能、风能等新能源在整个微网中的利用，从根本上避免了电动汽车对常规能源的消耗和对环境的污染。Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems existing in electric vehicle charging stations in the prior art, the present invention provides a power supply system for electric vehicle charging stations based on an independent microgrid, which optimizes the utilization of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy in the entire microgrid, fundamentally The electric vehicle avoids the consumption of conventional energy and the pollution to the environment.
为此，本发明采用如下技术方案：For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种基于独立微网的电动汽车充电站供电系统，包括：交流微电网系统、直流微电网系统以及微网管理系统，交流微电网系统的交流接口连接在微电网交流母线上，直流微电网系统的直流接口连接在微电网直流母线上，其特征在于：An electric vehicle charging station power supply system based on an independent microgrid, including: an AC microgrid system, a DC microgrid system, and a microgrid management system. The AC interface of the AC microgrid system is connected to the AC bus of the microgrid. The DC interface of the microgrid is connected to the DC bus, which is characterized in that:
所述交流微电网系统包括柴油发电机、风力发电机以及交流慢充充电桩组，所述交流充电桩组包含若干路并联的输出电路，所述柴油发电机、风力发电机以及交流充电桩组分别依次串联整流逆变装置和可控开关后与微电网交流母线连接；The AC microgrid system includes a diesel generator, a wind power generator, and an AC slow charging pile group, and the AC charging pile group includes several parallel output circuits, and the diesel generator, wind power generator, and AC charging pile group The rectifier inverter device and the controllable switch are respectively connected in series to the AC bus bar of the microgrid;
所述直流微电网系统包括光伏发电系统、储能系统以及直流充电桩组，所述直流充电桩组包含若干路并联的充电支路，其中每一充电支路连接着直流变流器可将直流母线电压升/降为所需要的直流电压输出；所述光伏发电系统、储能系统以及直流充电桩组的各路输出电路分别连接整流逆变装置后与微电网直流母线连接；The DC micro-grid system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, an energy storage system, and a DC charging pile group. The DC charging pile group includes several parallel charging branches, wherein each charging branch is connected to a DC converter to convert DC The bus voltage rises/falls to the required DC voltage output; the output circuits of the photovoltaic power generation system, energy storage system and DC charging pile group are respectively connected to the rectification and inverter device and then connected to the DC bus of the microgrid;
所述微网管理系统包括主控装置以及设置于负载侧用于获得检测信号的若干检测装置，所述主控装置与各所述检测装置通信连接，对源自所述检测装置的检测信号进行分析运算，根据控制策略控制各整流逆变装置和各可控开关装置的工作状态。The microgrid management system includes a main control device and several detection devices arranged on the load side for obtaining detection signals, the main control device communicates with each of the detection devices, and performs detection signals from the detection devices Analyze and calculate, and control the working status of each rectifier and inverter device and each controllable switch device according to the control strategy.
进一步地，所述直流充电桩组中的一路连接有超级电容器组，所述超级电容器组由若干超级电容器串并联组成，超级电容器组通过专有的直流变流器与直流母线相连接。Further, one of the DC charging pile groups is connected with a supercapacitor bank, the supercapacitor bank is composed of several supercapacitors connected in series and parallel, and the supercapacitor bank is connected to the DC bus through a proprietary DC converter.
进一步地，所述交流充电桩组经串联升/降压变压器后与交流母线连接，提供交流220/380V充电电源；所述直流充电桩组经串联直流变换器与直流母线连接，将直流母线的电压/电流转变调节后为电动汽车充电。Further, the AC charging pile group is connected to the AC bus bar after a step-up/step-down transformer in series to provide AC 220/380V charging power; the DC charging pile group is connected to the DC bus bar through a series DC converter, and the DC bus bar The voltage/current transition is regulated to charge the electric vehicle.
进一步地，所述柴油发电机作为微网独立运行时的主要供电单元，光伏发电系统和风力发电系统的发电用来作为补充的供电补充。Further, the diesel generator is used as the main power supply unit when the microgrid operates independently, and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and the wind power generation system is used as a supplementary power supply.
进一步地，所述柴油发电机在轻载模式下工作，以45-75％的额定负载输出。Further, the diesel generator works in a light load mode, outputting at 45-75% of the rated load.
进一步地，所述交流母线与直流母线之间通过双向AC/DC变流器连接。Further, the AC bus and the DC bus are connected through a bidirectional AC/DC converter.
进一步地，所述微网管理系统设有通信模块并通过RS485或者CAN总线通信模式与远程控制器通信连接和/或进行网络数据传输。Further, the micro-grid management system is provided with a communication module and communicates with the remote controller through RS485 or CAN bus communication mode and/or performs network data transmission.
进一步地，所述整流逆变装置包括双向DC-DC整流器和双向AC-DC变流器，Further, the rectification and inverter device includes a bidirectional DC-DC rectifier and a bidirectional AC-DC converter,
进一步地，所述光伏发电系统包括晶体硅光伏阵列或者薄膜光伏阵列以及与所述的光伏阵列相连的转换器。Further, the photovoltaic power generation system includes a crystalline silicon photovoltaic array or a thin film photovoltaic array and a converter connected to the photovoltaic array.
进一步地，所述的风力发电系统包括多组风力发电机和与所述风力发电机相连的转换器。Further, the wind power generation system includes multiple sets of wind power generators and converters connected to the wind power generators.
进一步地，所述储能系统包括多组蓄电池和与所述蓄电池相连的双向转换器。Further, the energy storage system includes multiple sets of storage batteries and bidirectional converters connected to the storage batteries.
本发明具有如下有益效果：1、本发明可以大大提高分布式光伏的利用率，减少化石能源的消耗以及污染空气的有害气体排放，减小对环境污染；2、本设计可以突破大电网地域的限制，可任意安设在远离大电网覆盖的区域建设使用，比如海岛，矿石，高速公路服务区等。The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can greatly improve the utilization rate of distributed photovoltaics, reduce the consumption of fossil energy and the emission of harmful gases that pollute the air, and reduce environmental pollution; 2. This design can break through the geographical limitations of large power grids It can be arbitrarily installed and used in areas far away from the coverage of large power grids, such as islands, ores, expressway service areas, etc.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明的启动顺序图；Fig. 2 is a start-up sequence diagram of the present invention;
图3为本发明中电动汽车充电桩的工作流程图；Fig. 3 is the work flowchart of electric vehicle charging pile in the present invention;
图4为交流充电桩的外观图；Figure 4 is the appearance of the AC charging pile;
图5为直流充电桩的外观图。Fig. 5 is an appearance diagram of a DC charging pile.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述，本发明中与现有技术相同的部分将参考现有技术。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the parts in the present invention that are the same as those of the prior art will be referred to the prior art.
如图1-5所示，本发明的基于独立微网的电动汽车充电站供电系统，包括：交流微电网系统、直流微电网系统以及微网管理系统，交流微电网系统的交流接口连接在微电网交流母线上，直流微电网系统的直流接口连接在微电网直流母线上，所述交流母线与直流母线之间通过双向AC/DC变流器连接，这种结构可以减少AC/DC、DC/AC等变流器的使用，可以有效地降低建设成本，并减少系统中的谐波。As shown in Figures 1-5, the electric vehicle charging station power supply system based on an independent microgrid of the present invention includes: an AC microgrid system, a DC microgrid system, and a microgrid management system. The AC interface of the AC microgrid system is connected to the microgrid On the AC bus of the power grid, the DC interface of the DC microgrid system is connected to the DC bus of the microgrid. The AC bus and the DC bus are connected through a bidirectional AC/DC converter. This structure can reduce AC/DC, DC/ The use of AC and other converters can effectively reduce construction costs and reduce harmonics in the system.
所述交流微电网系统包括柴油发电机、风力发电机以及交流慢充充电桩组，所述交流充电桩组包含若干路并联的输出电路，作为交流慢充充电桩，所述柴油发电机、风力发电机以及交流充电桩组分别依次串联整流逆变装置和可控开关后与微电网交流母线连接。交流充电桩组经串联升/降压变压器后与交流母线连接，提供交流220/380V充电电源。所述可控开关由微网管理器根据内置逻辑算法输出的结果来进行控制，可实现远程操作，手动操作等功能。所述柴油发电机作为微网独立运行时的主要供电单元，光伏发电系统和风力发电系统的发电用来作为补充的供电补充。所述柴油发电机在轻载模式下工作，以45-75％的额定负载输出，优选以60％的额定负载输出。柴油发电机的数量和功率根据用电负荷情况和光伏发电和风机配置容量进行选择。The AC micro-grid system includes a diesel generator, a wind power generator, and an AC slow-charging charging pile group, and the AC charging pile group includes several parallel output circuits, serving as an AC slow-charging charging pile. The diesel generator, wind power The generator and the AC charging pile group are respectively connected in series with the rectifier inverter device and the controllable switch, and then connected to the AC bus bar of the microgrid. The AC charging pile group is connected to the AC bus after being connected in series with step-up/step-down transformers, providing AC 220/380V charging power. The controllable switch is controlled by the microgrid manager according to the output result of the built-in logic algorithm, and functions such as remote operation and manual operation can be realized. The diesel generator is used as the main power supply unit when the microgrid operates independently, and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation system and the wind power generation system is used as a supplementary power supply. The diesel generator works in light load mode, outputting at 45-75% of the rated load, preferably at 60% of the rated load. The number and power of diesel generators are selected according to the electricity load and the configuration capacity of photovoltaic power generation and wind turbines.
所述直流微电网系统包括光伏发电系统、储能系统以及直流充电桩组，所述直流充电桩组包含若干路并联的输出电路，作为直流快充充电桩，直流充电桩组经串联双向DC-DC整流器后与直流母线连接，将直流母线的电压/电流转变调节后为电动汽车充电；这样的结构可以省去传统直流充电桩里的AC/DC开关电源部件，提升充电利用率和效率。直流充电桩组中的一路连接有超级电容器组，所述超级电容器组由若干超级电容器串并联组成，超级电容器组通过专有的直流变流器与直流母线相连接。当直流快充充电桩在充电工作开始时，微网管理器会根据充电需求自动接通相关的超级电容器组，加大充电电流，实现快充功能；当超级电容组放完电时，微网直流母线会优先给超级电容器组充电并保持热备状态。超级电容器组容量大小依据直流充电桩允许同时接入的充电电动汽车的最大数量来决定。所述储能系统包括多组蓄电池和与所述蓄电池相连的双向转换器。蓄电池组的型号和数量根据用电负荷和光伏、柴油发电机和风机的出力情况来决定。所述光伏发电系统包括晶体硅光伏阵列或者薄膜光伏阵列以及与所述的光伏阵列相连的转换器。光伏阵列的数量和功率根据所接入负载的容量的大小来选择。所述的风力发电系统包括多组风力发电机和与所述风力发电机相连的转换器。风力发电机的数量和功率根据所接入充电桩的用电情况进行选择。The DC micro-grid system includes a photovoltaic power generation system, an energy storage system, and a DC charging pile group. The DC charging pile group includes several parallel output circuits, which serve as DC fast charging charging piles. The DC rectifier is connected to the DC bus, and the voltage/current conversion of the DC bus is adjusted to charge the electric vehicle; this structure can save the AC/DC switching power supply components in the traditional DC charging pile, and improve the charging utilization and efficiency. One of the DC charging pile groups is connected with a supercapacitor bank, the supercapacitor bank is composed of several supercapacitors connected in series and parallel, and the supercapacitor bank is connected to the DC bus through a proprietary DC converter. When the DC fast charging charging pile starts charging, the microgrid manager will automatically connect the relevant supercapacitor bank according to the charging demand, increase the charging current, and realize the fast charging function; when the supercapacitor bank is fully discharged, the microgrid The DC bus will give priority to charging the supercapacitor bank and maintain a hot standby state. The capacity of the supercapacitor bank is determined according to the maximum number of charging electric vehicles allowed to be connected to the DC charging pile at the same time. The energy storage system includes multiple sets of storage batteries and a bidirectional converter connected to the storage batteries. The type and quantity of battery packs are determined according to the power load and the output of photovoltaics, diesel generators and fans. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a crystalline silicon photovoltaic array or a thin film photovoltaic array and a converter connected to the photovoltaic array. The number and power of photovoltaic arrays are selected according to the capacity of the connected load. The wind power generation system includes multiple sets of wind power generators and converters connected with the wind power generators. The number and power of wind turbines are selected according to the power consumption of the connected charging piles.
所述微网管理系统包括主控装置以及设置于负载侧用于获得检测信号的若干检测装置，所述主控装置与各所述检测装置通信连接，对源自所述检测装置的检测信号进行分析运算，根据控制策略控制各整流逆变装置和各可控开关装置的工作状态。微网管理系统设有通信模块并通过RS485或者CAN总线通信模式与远程控制器通信连接和/或进行网络数据传输。The microgrid management system includes a main control device and several detection devices arranged on the load side for obtaining detection signals, the main control device communicates with each of the detection devices, and performs detection signals from the detection devices Analyze and calculate, and control the working status of each rectifier and inverter device and each controllable switch device according to the control strategy. The micro-grid management system is equipped with a communication module and communicates with the remote controller through RS485 or CAN bus communication mode and/or performs network data transmission.
如图2、图3所示，本发明的电动汽车充电站供电系统，供电方式是：As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the electric vehicle charging station power supply system of the present invention, the power supply mode is:
(1)柴油发电机作为整个系统的主供电源，光伏发电系统和风力发电系统作为补充电源接入；(1) The diesel generator is used as the main power supply of the whole system, and the photovoltaic power generation system and wind power generation system are connected as supplementary power sources;
(2)柴油发电机作为整个供电系统的启动电源，柴油发电机启动后运行在轻载模式，光伏和风机发电系统经过相应的转换器并网接入柴油发电机的供电的主回路；(2) The diesel generator is used as the start-up power supply of the entire power supply system. After the diesel generator is started, it runs in light-load mode. The photovoltaic and wind power generation systems are connected to the main circuit of the diesel generator power supply through the corresponding converter;
(3)整个供电系统的交-直流母线直接通过一个双向变换器连接，双向变流器根据微网控制系统检测到的母线电压大小进行控制，以协调两个供电母线之间的电压平衡；(3) The AC-DC bus of the entire power supply system is directly connected through a bidirectional converter, and the bidirectional converter is controlled according to the bus voltage detected by the microgrid control system to coordinate the voltage balance between the two power supply buses;
(4)储能系统通过设定的充放电方式来抑制交-直流母线的电压波动，以平衡两个母线的电压。(4) The energy storage system suppresses the voltage fluctuation of the AC-DC bus through the set charge and discharge mode, so as to balance the voltage of the two buses.
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Application publication date: 20170315 |