CN103870716B - A kind of building fire protection facility fault impact grading determination method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of building fire protection facility fault impact grading determination method, the method has five big steps：Step one, builds mission reliability model, fault message input；Step 2, judges influence of the input fault to fire-fighting reliability unit；Step 3, judges influence of the failure to fire-fighting subsystem；Step 4, judges the influence of failure fire control facility system task；Step 5, fire fighting device fault impact classification judges.The present invention sets up accident analysis judgment basis according to the mission reliability model of building fire protection facility, classification judgement can be carried out to the fault impact of building fire protection facility, its result is objective, credible, and targetedly to take management and corrective measure to provide technical support.It has preferable practical value and extensively application prospect in fire engineering technical applications.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for grading and judging the influence of building fire-fighting equipment faults, relates to a method for establishing a fire-fighting equipment reliability model, decomposing the task function of a fire-fighting system and carrying out fuzzy grading judgment, is an application of reliability analysis and management technology in fire safety management, and belongs to the field of application of fire engineering technology.
Background
A) noun and term
1 building fire-fighting installation
Building fire-fighting facilities: facilities for fire alarm, fire extinguishing, personnel evacuation, fire separation, fire extinguishing and rescue actions and the like are arranged in a building (structure). In actual use, the building fire-fighting facilities, personnel, environment, management and other elements form a complex fire-fighting system. The building fire-fighting equipment researched by the invention is particularly used for being installed and used in a single building, and the formed system is called a whole system.
2 subsystem and task unit of building fire-fighting equipment
In a building fire protection system, a combination of components, assemblies, or devices that perform a certain type of fire protection function. According to the GA503-2004 standard, a building fire protection facility can be composed of a plurality of building fire protection facility subsystems (hereinafter referred to as subsystems or fire protection subsystems).
The building fire-fighting equipment task unit is a combination of stage fire-fighting works which are completed by a plurality of fire-fighting subsystem functions simultaneously or successively at a certain specific stage when a fire disaster occurs when a building fire-fighting equipment executes a certain fire-fighting task. For example, in the task of ensuring life safety systems, the fire alarm task unit consists of an automatic fire alarm system and an automatic water spraying fire extinguishing system.
3 building fire fighting equipment assembly and building fire fighting equipment reliability unit
The building fire-fighting equipment component (hereinafter referred to as a component or a fire-fighting component) refers to an independently disposable fire-fighting product or component part constituting a fire-fighting subsystem, such as a fire detector, a spray head, a smoke outlet, a fire-fighting fan, a section of pipe network or pipeline, and the like.
The building fire-fighting equipment reliability unit (hereinafter referred to as reliability unit or fire-fighting reliability unit) is a component unit forming a fire-fighting subsystem reliability model, is used for dividing a fire-fighting subsystem from the perspective of reliability analysis, and can be formed by one or a plurality of fire-fighting components of the same type, for example, in a building fire automatic alarm subsystem, all fire detectors are regarded as one reliability unit in the fire automatic alarm subsystem, and the whole system wiring is also regarded as one reliability unit, and the invention determines the fire-fighting equipment reliability unit as shown in attached table 1.
4 failure and failure modes of building fire-fighting facilities
Failure of building fire protection: it means a state in which the building fire protection facility cannot perform a prescribed function. Generally, the fire fighting component (product) and the fire fighting subsystem are in failure.
The failure mode is an expression form of failure, and is a failure phenomenon which can be generally observed or detected, and comprises functional failure, malfunction, damage and damage, loosening, leaking, plugging, disintegration, deterioration and the like.
5 functional division and failure determination of building fire-fighting facilities
Based on the detection technical rules of the fire-fighting facilities of the building, the field inspection judgment rules of the fire-fighting products and the design and use specifications of the fire-fighting products and the fire-fighting products, the functions of the fire-fighting subsystem and the fire-fighting components are divided into important functions and general functions (see attached table 1), and the standard requirements whether the important functions of the fire-fighting subsystem and the fire-fighting components meet or not are taken as the fault judgment standards of the subsystem or the fire-fighting components.
6 failure impact class of building fire protection installation
The failure impact grade of the building fire-fighting equipment is the measurement of the worst potential consequence caused by the failure of the building fire-fighting equipment, also called the failure severity grade, and the invention divides the failure impact into 3 grades: minor (class iii fault), general (class ii fault), and major (class i fault).
7 maintenance and management of building fire-fighting facilities
In order to ensure the perfect effectiveness of the fire-fighting facilities of the building, property right units or use units of the building automatically or entrust third parties to carry out work such as duty, inspection, detection, maintenance, filing and the like on the fire-fighting facilities in the building.
8 technical detection of building fire-fighting facilities
And judging whether the building fire-fighting equipment is intact and effective or not based on field manual inspection or instrument test. See GA503-2004 building fire protection facility testing technical code.
9 status information of fire fighting equipment of building
The operation information of actions, alarms, faults, shields and the like generated in daily operation, maintenance management and fire response of the building fire-fighting equipment after the building fire-fighting equipment is put into operation is referred to fire automatic alarm specification appendix A, a building fire-fighting equipment operation state information table and the like.
10 fire safety management information
Management information of the organization or organization fire safety system in the aspects of composition, control, response, feedback and the like is described, and the related content of an alarm specification GB50116-2013 appendix B in fire is referred to.
Second) evaluation technology for fault influence on fire-fighting facilities at home and abroad at present
At present, the failure analysis and evaluation of fire-fighting facilities in China are mainly based on three regulations: firstly, a method for testing the functions of fire-fighting equipment component units and subsystems is provided in 'technical code for detecting fire-fighting equipment in building' GA503-2004, and whether the fire-fighting equipment is qualified or not is judged one by one. Second, maintenance of fire protection facilities for buildings GA587-2005 describes how to perform maintenance and routine tests on fire protection facilities. And thirdly, the fire-fighting product field quality inspection judgment rule GA588-2005 is mainly used for carrying out conformity evaluation on the field quality of fire-fighting products according to the product standards. In addition, the existing ' fire control Law of the people's republic of China ' and ' judgment method of major fire hazard ' GA653-2006 in China all mention that the fire-fighting facilities must be ensured to be intact and effective, and the integrity and the effectiveness comprise two meanings, namely, the facility components are complete and available and have no damage or loss; secondly, the fire-fighting equipment components and the system function task have high success degree, and the performance parameters meet the design and specification requirements.
The classification of the fault influence of the fire-fighting facilities is to analyze the influence of the faults of the fire-fighting products on the use, the function and the state of the products and the fire-fighting facilities of the whole building, the fault research of the fire-fighting facilities at home and abroad mostly calculates the success rate of the fire-fighting facilities from the aspect of example statistics, analyzes the fault influence grades of the fire-fighting facilities little, and proposes the classification of the safety integrity grade of the fire-fighting facilities according to the IEC61508 standard, or the safety check list method is applied to the grading evaluation, has certain limitations, in the reliability engineering technology, there are many common fault impact analysis methods, including FMECA method, fault tree method, causal box diagram method, Bayesian belief network method, etc., however, as a complete fire-fighting product reliability index system is not established and the reliability management of the system is not performed in China, the implementation of the method lacks basic application data, and for example, statistical analysis needs to be performed on the failure mode of the fire-fighting facility in the FMECA method.
In conclusion, the prior art method only gives out two use states of qualified and unqualified for the failure of the building fire-fighting equipment, however, in the actual inspection, the completely qualified building fire-fighting equipment rarely or only lasts for a short period of time, a large number of building fire-fighting equipment has such or other failure problems, and in many fire cases, due to improper failure treatment of the building fire-fighting equipment, the optimal time for fire extinguishment is delayed, and the long-term existence of fire-fighting hidden danger is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to meet the requirements of fire-fighting regulations, improve the sound effectiveness of fire-fighting equipment, determine the fault degree and the influence level of the fire-fighting equipment, and make corresponding maintenance and modification measures.
Third) functional analysis of building fire-fighting facilities
The analysis of the fault influence on the building fire-fighting equipment is to judge the preset fire-fighting task capacity of the building fire-fighting equipment at a time point. The invention provides an application function analysis method (FAST) for decomposing tasks and functions of building fire-fighting facilities (see attached figure 1), the system tasks of the building fire-fighting facilities are decomposed into three tasks according to fire-fighting targets, the tasks are divided into different fire-fighting task units according to the time sequence of fire-fighting task completion, the task units are further subdivided into fire-fighting subsystem functions, then the tasks are divided into different reliability units according to a subsystem reliability model, and the analysis of building fire-fighting facility faults is converted into the analysis of fire-fighting components and the subsystem functions, which is shown in tables 1-3.
In table 1, taking the life safety protection task as an example, the task uses time as a variable and uses the personnel evacuation space as a sequence to sequentially introduce various fire-fighting subsystem functions to form four task units, as shown in table 1, and fully estimates all potential dangerous situations, including the worst situation. Such as failure of manual and automatic fire extinguishing functions, long evacuation distance, etc., a task reliability model is established as shown in fig. 2.
TABLE 1 division of mission units of building fire protection system
The functions of the fire-fighting equipment components and the fire-fighting subsystem include a basic function, an auxiliary function, a protection function, an information function, and the like. Here, the functions are divided into important functions and general functions based on the influence on the main task of fire fighting, the basic functions and the necessary auxiliary functions are usually set as important functions, and other functions such as information functions and interface functions can be divided into general functions, table 2 shows the division of the functions of the point fire detector according to the requirement of 7.2.1 in GA588-2005, and other fire-fighting equipment components can also be divided accordingly. Table 3 shows the functional division of the automatic fire alarm system according to the requirements.
TABLE 2 functional partitioning of fire fighting subsystems
TABLE 3 functional partitioning of fire-fighting equipment components (Point type smoke detector)
Fourth) System management and data statistics for building fire protection facilities
The failure information of the fire-fighting facilities of the building comes from the work of daily inspection, maintenance, repair and test, fire drill and annual inspection of the fire-fighting facilities. In order to facilitate recording, analysis and summarization, the invention compiles a statistical table (table 4) of the failure conditions of the fire-fighting facilities of the building, wherein the table 4 shows the failure conditions of a certain fire-fighting power supply subsystem measured at 185 th day of a certain year, and other subsystems are temporarily omitted.
TABLE-4 summary of failure conditions of building fire fighting equipment components
In table 4, italic notation is the unit of important reliability set by the subsystem recommendation. The fire protection equipment failure mode is determined by reference to FMEA, and the failure ratio is the ratio of the number of failed components to the number of total components in the reliability unit. By the failure of the reliability unit where the failure situation of the fire-fighting equipment components is located, in table 4, the power distribution cabinet unit has a slight failure that the display is incomplete, but the power supply output of the subsystem has a major failure due to the interruption of the power supply of the commercial power input unit. Here, the present invention divides the reliability model of the building fire protection facility unit into three types:
1. tandem model A
In a series system, the normal operation of a unit requires that all the fire-fighting products (components) forming the unit function normally, for example, in a fire-proof rolling door unit, if a plurality of fire-proof rolling doors form a partition facility together, the fire-proof rolling doors need to act in a consistent manner in case of fire. When any one of them fails, it can be determined that the cell has failed.
2. Parallel model B
The reliability of the functional redundancy unit is analyzed, if the reliability of the functional redundancy unit is evaluated, multiple fire-fighting water pumps form a standby relation, the reliability of unit tasks becomes a parallel model, and the judgment unit fails only when all the equipment fails.
3. Voting model C
The components of a reliability unit, which perform their fire protection functions, such as point detectors, fire valves, fire doors, etc., in their respective zones of protection, are determined based on the protection level requirements of the protected objects, see table 5, and when one or more of the components fails,
the reliability structure of the multi-component fire-fighting unit is of a voting type, the voting unit taking k out of n works by n components at the same time, and if k or more than k units are normal, the system is normal. Let the reliability of the assembly be R0Unreliability degree of Q0Then the reliability R of the cellSAs shown in equation 1.
TABLE 5 protection class and failure ratio recommendation tables for multi-component units of building fire-fighting facilities
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical standards of the technical detection regulations of the fire-fighting facilities of the buildings and the like. The method comprises the steps of determining a fault judgment criterion of the fire fighting assembly, dividing the types of fire fighting reliability units, establishing a fire fighting facility fault statistical analysis table based on operation management, referring to a table 4, and analyzing the influence of the fire fighting unit fault on the functions of a fire fighting subsystem. And the influence of the functional fault of the fire-fighting subsystem on the task of the building fire-fighting equipment system, and judging the fault influence level from the angle of the influence of the fault on the function and the task of the building fire-fighting equipment. The quantitative analysis and the fuzzy evaluation of the fault state of the building fire-fighting equipment are realized, and the fault influence level is divided into three levels: mild component failure (level iii), general functional failure (level ii), and major mission failure (level i). Provides a technical means for guiding and improving the management of the building fire-fighting facilities.
Technical scheme
Specification of the judgment parameters:
failure determination value R of fire-fighting equipment component uniti(t), the immediate value at time t is abbreviated as Ri。
Function decision value I of fire-fighting subsystemM(t)，I1、I2～IMThe instant function judgment value at the moment t of the subsystem;
VR(t) is a judgment value of a task unit of the building fire-fighting equipment, and the immediate value at the moment t is abbreviated as VR；
VS(t) is a system task judgment value of the building fire-fighting equipment, and the immediate value at the time t is abbreviated as VS。
The invention discloses a method for judging the influence of faults of building fire-fighting facilities in a grading manner, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, constructing a task reliability model and inputting fault information
Reading in basic information of the building fire-fighting facilities, determining the protection level of the building fire-fighting facilities, and determining a functional task reliability model and constituent parameters of the building fire-fighting facilities, wherein the functional task reliability model comprises a fire-fighting reliability unit model, a subsystem model and a building fire-fighting facility task model. And inputting fault information of the fire fighting component or the subsystem function.
Step two, judging the influence of the input fault on the fire fighting reliability unit
Judging the fault situation of the fire-fighting assembly according to the fault judgment standard of the fire-fighting assembly, and obtaining the fault judgment value R of the fire-fighting facility reliability unit by combining the model structure (series connection, parallel connection or voting and the like) of the fire-fighting reliability uniti(t), see Table 6.
TABLE 6 functional partitioning of fire protection subsystems
Step three, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting subsystem
A failure determination value R to be obtainedi(t) substituting the data into a corresponding fire-fighting subsystem task reliability model for calculation to obtain a fire-fighting subsystem function judgment value IMAnd (t) judging the functional influence of the fault on the fire control subsystem. For example, in the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system, the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing function is an important function, and the reliability model is shown in fig. 2, which only comprises important reliability units of the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system for completing the main task of the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system, and does not comprise general reliability units such as a water flow indicator, a tail end water testing device and the like.
The function determination value can be calculated as shown in formula 2:
Ri(t) are reliability judgment values (value is 0 or 1) of four fire-fighting reliability units in the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing function model respectively, IM(t) is a function decision value of the automatic sprinkler system, wherein the first unit R1And (t) is a fault judgment value of the spraying water supply input unit.
Step four, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting equipment system task
Real-time I of each fire branch systemM(t) taking the task reliability model of the building fire-fighting facility into a task reliability model of the building fire-fighting facility for analysis, taking the task reliability model as shown in figure 3, taking the task reliability model of the building fire-fighting facility as shown in figure 3, taking the system task of the building fire-fighting facility for guaranteeing the life safety as four task units ①, ②, ③ and ④ which are developed according to time sequence and space and are connected in series to form each task unit, and taking each task unit as a plurality of fire-fighting facility task reliability modelsThe anti-subsystem system is formed, so that the state equation of the task reliability can be obtained as follows:
in the formula 3, VS(t) is a building fire-fighting facility system task decision value, VRValue, V, is determined for the task unit of the building fire-fighting installation at time tRA value of (0)<VR1) or less, wherein VRThe calculations are based on the following assumptions:
1) the environment, use and maintenance conditions of all subsystems of the building fire-fighting equipment meet the regulation requirements and are kept unchanged.
2) Common cause faults among the fire fighting subsystems are not considered, for example, faults of the fire hydrant subsystems are caused by the fact that the fire fighting water supply subsystems are not water.
3) Operator error in facility function was not considered and it was assumed that the reliability of the operators studied was all 1.
4) The reliable structure of the task units of the building fire-fighting facilities is a linear combined generator. The meaning is shown in figure 5:
the task unit F of the building fire-fighting facility comprises M fire-fighting subsystems, which means that one or several fire-fighting subsystems can complete the task, and the input signal S1,S2…SMRepresenting the functional reliability judgment value I of M fire-fighting subsystemsM(t)，VRA task unit decision value of the building fire-fighting facility at the moment t, which is a function decision value I of a fire-fighting subsystem1,I2～IMCalculated by a linear weighted sum method, wherein an analytic hierarchy process is applied to determine the fire-fighting subsystem IM(t) for a unit V that completes a specific taskRWeight a of (t)1～aMSetting no acceptable risk, the participating fire branch system can complete 100% of the unit tasks, therefore, VRThe calculation formula of (t) can be expressed as:
fire fighting task unit VRWeight value a of fire-fighting subsystem1～aMThe values in the model are shown in table 7, and the fire-fighting task unit judgment value V is calculated by using the formula (4)R(t)，0<VR(t)<1；
TABLE 7 functional weight recommendation Table for fire-fighting subsystem-ensuring life safety
| Fire branch system function | Task Unit 1 | Task Unit 2 | Task Unit 3 | Task unit 4 |
| Fire detector alarm function | 0.6 | 0.4 | ||
| Manual alarm function | 0.1 | |||
| Hydraulic alarm function | 0.3 | |||
| Fire-fighting broadcast | 0.4 | |||
| Fire-fighting telephone | 0.2 | |||
| Channel control | 0.5 | |||
| Evacuation indication | 0.3 | |||
| Emergency lightMing dynasty | 0.2 | |||
| Smoke prevention and exhaust function | 0.5 | |||
| Separation protection function | 0.5 |
Determining task decision value V of fire-fighting equipment task unitRAfter the value (t), quantitatively calculating a task decision value V of the building fire fighting facility system by using the formula (3)S(t)。
Step five, judging the influence of the fire fighting equipment fault in a grading way
To sum up, the fire-fighting facilities R are built according to a certain momenti(t)、IM(t) and VS(t) determining the level of the influence of the failure of the building fire protection facility with reference to Table 8.
TABLE 8 grading evaluation criteria for the influence of building fire-fighting facility faults
The invention analyzes the fault conditions of the fire-fighting system and the fire-fighting assembly on the level of the fire-fighting facility system of the whole building, and evaluates the influence of the fault on the task, the subsystem function and the unit performance of the whole fire-fighting system. Since the failure of the countermeasure facility in the actual inspection often occurs in the form of a failure of a plurality of components, the analysis and determination can be made with reference to the above-described method.
The output result of the invention is that the influence of the building fire fighting equipment fault is analyzed and evaluated on the system task level, and the system flow is shown as the attached figure 6. The flow chart is described as follows:
1. obtaining basic information and fault records of building fire-fighting facilities of evaluation protection objects
2. Determining the task reliability model parameters of the whole system and the subsystem of the building fire-fighting equipment, and inputting component fault information;
3. judging the influence of the fire-fighting component fault on a fire-fighting reliability unit;
4. judging the influence of the fire-fighting reliability unit fault on a fire-fighting subsystem;
5. judging the influence of the fire-fighting subsystem fault on the tasks of the building fire-fighting facility system;
6. comprehensively analyzing the fault conditions of the fire-fighting unit, the sub-system and the whole system to perform grading judgment
7. And proposing a coping strategy based on the influence level of the building fire fighting equipment fault.
The advantages and the effects are as follows: the invention relates to a method for judging the influence of faults of building fire-fighting facilities in a grading manner, which has the advantages that: the fault analysis and judgment basis is established according to the task reliability model of the building fire-fighting equipment, the fault influence of the building fire-fighting equipment can be judged in a grading way, the result is objective and credible, and technical support is provided for pertinently taking management and improvement measures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematic diagram of functional analysis of a fire fighting system of a building
FIG. 2 reliability model for life safety guarantee, one of the tasks of building fire-fighting facility system
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a task reliability model of a fire fighting subsystem-an automatic water-spraying fire fighting subsystem
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of reliability analysis of task units of a building fire fighting facility system, ensuring life safety
FIG. 5 schematic diagram of reliability analysis of task units of building fire fighting equipment system
FIG. 6 flow chart of the analysis of the impact level of the fire fighting equipment failure in the building
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-6, first, basic information and fault conditions of fire-fighting facilities of a building to be analyzed:
XX city office building, the building is high-rise civil building 59 meters high, one underground floor, 13 layers on the ground, the main fire-fighting equipment is completed in 1999, mainly include:
● fire-fighting power supply system: the system supplies power to a secondary load, two ways are mutually switched,double-loop power supply。
Fire control water supply system: 4 fire-fighting water pumps, 4 spray pumps, municipal water supply DN100, fire-fighting water pool:200cubic meter, fire water tank 30 cubic meter, outdoor fire hydrant:4a water pump adapter:2to (3).
Automatic fire alarm system: monitoring alarm points:486points, including fire broadcasts and fire telephone systems, fire broadcasts:60only, the fire telephone 6, at jack 30.
Automatic sprinkler system: wet alarm valve2Cover and spray head860Only, the high zone 460 is set and only the low zone 400 is set.
Fire hydrant fire extinguishing systems: indoor use60Outdoor and indoor4Fire extinguisher120Only by
Mechanical fire control system of discharging fume: each layer is provided with 2 smoke exhaust fans, 1 air blower, 2 smoke exhaust ports and 1 air supply port.
Emergency lighting and evacuation indication:120to (3).
Since the fire protection is not subjected to the standard maintenance, the fire protection facilities have a plurality of faults in 2006, and the fire protection inspection record of a certain time in 2012 is shown in the following table 9:
TABLE 9 Fault statistics table for fire-fighting facilities system
Item name: XXX building inspection time: 9 month 2012
And determining the protection level of the fire-fighting facility of the building as 2 level by combining the archival data of the facility, and analyzing the fault influence as follows:
step one, establishing a fire-fighting facility task reliability model and inputting fault information
The building fire-fighting facility failure relates to a fire automatic alarm system, a fire-fighting water supply system, a fire hydrant system, an automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system and a smoke-preventing and discharging system. The task reliability model of the fire-fighting subsystem is shown in fig. 3 (taking the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system as an example). Referring to table 3, the failure information of the fire fighting module is input, and the failure situation is judged, and other fire fighting modules can be divided accordingly.
Step two, judging the R value of the failure characteristic quantity of the fire-fighting reliability unit
The failure information of the fire fighting module is substituted into the fire fighting reliability unit (attached table 2), and the failure characteristic quantity R of the fire fighting reliability unit is measured and calculated as shown in table 10 (taking an automatic fire alarm system and a fire fighting water supply system as examples).
TABLE 10 fire-fighting equipment unit failure statistics table
In the above table, RTCQFor determining a value, R, for a malfunction of a fire detector unitBjQFor the fault-determining value, R, of the fire alarm controller unitkzFor a fault-determining value of the control module unit, IHZBJThe method is an instant function judgment value of the fire alarm system function.
RXFBFor the fault-determining value, R, of the fire-fighting water pump unitSHXFor a fault-determining value of the fire-fighting water tank unit, IGSHThe method is an instant function judgment value of the fire-fighting water supply system.
Step three, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting subsystem
According to the unit failure data, judging value I for the functions of the fire-fighting facility subsystemM(t) performing measurement and calculation.
According to the unit fault judgment value, the reliability model of the fire-fighting subsystem is brought into the calculation to judge the fire-fighting water supply subsystem IGSHFault (important fault R of fire pump and water tank unitXFB0 and RGSHO) lead to a fire hydrant IXHSHAnd automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing system IZDPSAll the function determination values of (1) are 0.
Step four, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting equipment system task
The functional decision values of the subsystems are brought into a task reliability model of a building fire-fighting facility system for measurement, calculation and analysis, and a unit task decision value (V) for extinguishing the initial fire of the system is determinedR10) and a fire spread prevention unit task decision value (V)R10) and a unit task decision value (V) to avoid a full building fireR30). System for judging building fire-fighting facilities according to formula 5Task decision value-fire fighting and control of fire development incomplete (V)S20), the analysis of which is shown in table 11.
TABLE 11XXX analysis table for influence of system task in fire-fighting facilities of building
Step five, judging the influence level of the building fire fighting equipment fault
According to the calculation results of the second step and the fourth step, the influence grade of the fire fighting equipment fault of the XXX building is analyzed by referring to 8, and the class I major fault can be judged, referring to the table 12. The system has great hidden trouble and should be immediately modified for fire control.
TABLE 12XXX grading evaluation chart for influence of building fire fighting facility fault
In the above table, VS2For the second task of building fire-fighting system IGSHFunction decision value I of fire-fighting water supply subsystemGSHIs 0, look-up table
And 6, determining the fault influence level of the fire-fighting equipment of the building to be type I, namely that a major fault exists.
Claims (1)
1. A method for judging the influence of faults of building fire-fighting facilities in a grading manner is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, constructing a task reliability model and inputting fault information
Reading in basic information of the building fire-fighting facilities, determining the protection level of the building fire-fighting facilities, and determining a functional task reliability model and constituent parameters of the building fire-fighting facilities, wherein the functional task reliability model comprises a fire-fighting reliability unit model, a subsystem model and a building fire-fighting facility task model; inputting fault information of the functions of the fire-fighting component or the subsystem;
step two, judging the influence of the input fault on the fire fighting reliability unit
Judging the fault situation of the fire-fighting assembly according to the fault judgment standard of the fire-fighting assembly, and obtaining the fault judgment value R of the fire-fighting equipment reliability unit by combining the model structure of the fire-fighting reliability uniti(t), see table 6 below;
TABLE 6 functional partitioning and failure determination of fire fighting equipment, components
Step three, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting subsystem
A failure determination value R to be obtainedi(t) substituting the data into a corresponding fire-fighting subsystem task reliability model for calculation to obtain a fire-fighting subsystem function judgment value IM(t) determining the functional influence of the fault on the fire control subsystem;
the function judgment value can be calculated as shown in the formula (2):
Ri(t) are respectively the fault decision values of four fire-fighting reliability units in the automatic water-spraying fire-extinguishing function model, the values are 0 or 1, IM(t) is a function decision value of the automatic sprinkler system, wherein the first unit R1(t) is a fault judgment value of the spray water supply input unit;
step four, judging the influence of the fault on the fire-fighting equipment system task
Real-time I of each fire branch systemM(t) substituting the reliability model of the task of the building fire-fighting facility for analysis, wherein the system task of the building fire-fighting facility for guaranteeing life safety is formed by connecting four task units which are expanded according to time sequence and space in series, and each task unit is completed and is formed by one or a plurality of fire-fighting subsystems, so that the reliability state equation of the task is obtained as follows:
in the formula (3), VS(t) is a task decision value of the building fire-fighting facility system, parameter VR(t) is a unit task decision value, V, for a fire-fighting equipment task unitR(t) takes a value of 0<VR(t) is less than or equal to 1, wherein VR(t) the calculation is based on the following assumptions:
1) the environment, use and maintenance conditions of all subsystems of the building fire-fighting equipment meet the regulation requirements and are kept unchanged;
2) common cause faults among fire fighting subsystems are not considered;
3) the operational errors of the personnel in the facility functions are not considered, and the reliability of the researched operators is assumed to be 1;
4) the reliable structure of the task unit of the building fire-fighting equipment is a linear combination generator, the task unit F of the building fire-fighting equipment comprises M fire-fighting subsystems, which represent that the task unit can be completed by one or a plurality of fire-fighting subsystems, and an input signal S1,S2…SMIndicating M fire-fighting subsystem functional fault decision values IM(t)，VRIs the output signal R of the task uniti(t) value representing the value of the signal S from the input1,S2…SMLinear combination to obtain output state value VR(t) determining the fire fighting subsystem I by using an analytic hierarchy processM(t) for a unit V that completes a specific taskRWeight a of (t)1～aMSetting a risk of non-acceptance a00, a participating fire subsystem may complete 100% of the unit's tasks, thus, VRThe calculation formula of (t) can be expressed as:
wherein,taking a value of 0 or 1;
fire fighting task unit VR(t) weight value a of fire-fighting subsystem1～aMThe values in the model are shown in table 7, and the functional integrity value V of the fire-fighting task unit is calculated by using the formula (4)R(t)，0<VR(t)<1；
TABLE 7 functional weight recommendation Table for fire-fighting subsystem-ensuring life safety
Determining unit task decision value V of fire-fighting equipment task unitRAfter the value (t), quantitatively calculating a task decision value V of the building fire fighting facility system by using the formula (3)S(t)；
Step five, judging the influence of the fire fighting equipment fault in a grading way
To sum up, the fire-fighting facilities R are built according to a certain momenti(t)、IM(t) and VS(t) determining the fault influence level of the building fire protection facility by referring to the judgment value or the measurement value of the (t) and a table 8;
TABLE 8 grading evaluation criteria for the influence of building fire-fighting facility faults
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