CN103869364B - Multiple wave suppression method based on dual parabolic Radon transformation - Google Patents

Multiple wave suppression method based on dual parabolic Radon transformation Download PDF

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CN103869364B
CN103869364B CN201410112564.4A CN201410112564A CN103869364B CN 103869364 B CN103869364 B CN 103869364B CN 201410112564 A CN201410112564 A CN 201410112564A CN 103869364 B CN103869364 B CN 103869364B
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radon
reflection
dong
territory
multiple reflection
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CN103869364A (en
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王保丽
印兴耀
张广智
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple wave suppression method based on dual parabolic Radon transformation. The method includes the steps that a pre-stack CMP trace gather is processed, an objective function is established, positive Radon transformation is performed on the pre-stack CMP trace gather, one-time reflected waves and multiple waves are separated in the Radon area, and data of the one-time reflected waves are estimated. The method solves the problems that an existing multiple wave attenuation technology based on convectional Radon transformation can not simulate AVO features of seismic data, the false phenomenon is generated in the positive transformation, the smearing exists, the distortion of the amplitude of the one-time reflected waves happens and leakage of the amplitude is caused in the reverse transformation, transformation of the shape of the seismic same-phase axis and the amplitude can be achieved in the Radon area, the movement features and the AVO features of seismic data can be separated better in the Radon area, the false phenomenon generated in the positive transformation process is weakened, accurate restoring of energy of the one-time reflected waves is achieved, the AVO features of the seismic data are protected, and the subsequent seismic inversion and explanation reliability is improved.

Description

A kind of multiple reflection drawing method based on two parabolic Radon transforms
Technical field
The invention belongs to exploration geophysics field, particularly relate to a kind of multiple reflection drawing method based on two parabolic Radon transforms.
Background technology
Multiple reflection is an important step in seism processing, and the method for current multiple suppression has a lot, and wherein, parabolic Radon transform is a kind of method of widely used effective attenuation multiple reflection.The theoretical foundation of carrying out multiple attenuation based on parabolic Radon transform is the speed difference of primary reflection and multiple reflection, and multiple reflection can be separated in La Dong territory with primary reflection by it, then obtains primary event wave datum by inverse transformation.Its essence is the superposition summation of different curvature direction each seismic event lineups amplitude, a para-curve in m-offset distance territory when it can convert of a La Dong territory point to, but it is conversion in shape, does not consider the change of seismic event amplitude.Due to conventional parabolic Radon transform can not analog amplitude with the change of offset distance, i.e. the AVO characteristic of geological data, and AVO phenomenon is the key character carrying out underground object reservoir accurate description.
When multiple attenuation being carried out to the geological data with AVO phenomenon based on conventional parabolic Radon transform at present, the AVO amplitude information of primary reflection can be damaged.Because parabolic Radon transform is not orthogonal transformation, dispersing of bowknot shape is there will be in direct transform process, cause smearing, reduce the resolution of translation data body, make through inverse transformation reconstruct data distortion, produce amplitude reveal, and then cause AVO analysis to occur error, reduce the reliability of latter earthquake inverting, explanation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple reflection drawing method based on two parabolic Radon transforms, be intended to solve the current multiple attenuation technology converted based on conventional Radon, can not the AVO feature of simulated earthquake data, produce illusion during direct transform, there is smearing, problem during inverse transformation, primary reflection volume distortion occurs, causing amplitude to reveal.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of multiple reflection drawing method step based on two parabolic Radon transforms is as follows:
Step one, prestack CMP road collection to be processed: prestack CMP road collection is carried out normal moveout correction and nmo stretching excision process;
The foundation of step 2, objective function: set up the objective function J asking for the translation data body in La Dong territory according to following pair of item Radon transform formula;
J = Σ t Σ h W ( t , h ) | d ( t , h ) - Σ p { m A ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) + F ( h ) m B ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) } | 2 + μ Σ τ , p R [ m A ( τ , p ) / s A , m B ( τ , p ) / s B ]
In formula, regularization term R is to translation data body m a(τ, p) and m bthe sparse constraint of (τ, p), W (t, h) is the weighting factor of data space, and μ is balance parameters, s aand s bbe two calibrating parameters;
The Radon direct transform process of step 3, prestack CMP road collection: introduce regularization term R, the translation data body in La Dong territory is retrained by sparse constraint group simultaneously, heavy weighted least squares method loop iteration is finally utilized to solve objective function J, realize the high-resolution inversion of two item Radon transform operator, represented the motion feature of primary reflection and multiple reflection and the high resolution conversion data volume m of AVO feature in La Dong territory respectively aand m b;
Step 4, primary reflection and multiple reflection are in the separating treatment in La Dong territory: identify primary reflection and multiple reflection in La Dong territory, and will represent that the data volume assignment of primary reflection is zero, realize motion feature and AVO feature being separated in La Dong territory of primary reflection and multiple reflection;
The estimation of step 5, primary event wave datum: draw eastern inverse transformation to obtain the multiple reflection data of time domain the multiple reflection separated in La Dong territory, then with initial prestack road collection data deduct inverse transformation obtain multiple reflection obtain primary event wave datum.
effect gathers
The invention solves the current multiple attenuation technology converted based on conventional Radon, can not the AVO feature of simulated earthquake data, illusion is produced during direct transform, there is smearing, primary reflection volume distortion is there is during inverse transformation, cause the problems such as amplitude leakage, shape and the conversion of amplitude amplitude in La Dong territory of seismic event can be realized simultaneously, the movement characteristic of geological data is made to obtain better separation with AVO feature in La Dong territory, weaken the illusion produced in direct transform process, achieve the accurate recovery of primary event wave energy, protect the AVO feature of geological data, improve latter earthquake inverting, the reliability explained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the parameter declaration in two item Radon transforms of providing of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxbe synthesis CMP road collection during 0.03s;
Fig. 3 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxbe synthesis CMP road collection during 0.01s;
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention provide as Δ τ 0during for 0.03s, with offset distance place far away different time difference Δ τ hmaxthe root-mean-square error of change;
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention provide as Δ τ 0during for 0.01s, with offset distance place far away different time difference Δ τ hmaxthe root-mean-square error of change;
Fig. 6 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s, the difference between actual primary reflection and Radon transform inversion result
A) be Δ τ in figure 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s, the difference between actual primary reflection high resolving power and conventional Radon transform inversion result
B) be Δ τ in figure 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s, the difference between actual primary reflection high resolving power and the two item Radon transform inversion result of high resolving power
Fig. 7 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s, the root-mean-square error of amplitude variation with Offset;
Fig. 8 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.01s, the difference between actual primary reflection and Radon transform inversion result
A) be Δ τ in figure 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.01s, the difference between actual primary reflection and the conventional Radon transform result of high resolving power
B) be Δ τ in figure 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.01s, the difference between actual primary reflection and the two item Radon transform inversion result of high resolving power;
Fig. 9 is the Δ τ that the embodiment of the present invention provides 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.01s, the root-mean-square error of amplitude variation with Offset;
Figure 10 be the embodiment of the present invention provide actual seismic data, the conventional Radon transform of high resolving power and the two item La Dongbao width inverting gained primary reflection of c high resolving power
A) being actual seismic data in figure, b) is the primary reflection of high resolving power conventional Radon transform gained, c) is the two item La Dongbao width inverting gained primary reflection of high resolving power;
Figure 11 be the embodiment of the present invention provide zone of interest position is amplified after actual seismic data and the conventional Radon transform of high resolving power and the two item Radon transform inverting gained primary reflection of high resolving power
In figure: a) be actual seismic data, b) being the conventional Radon transform of high resolving power, c) is the two item Radon transform inverting gained primary reflection of high resolving power;
Figure 12 is the multiple reflection drawing method process flow diagram based on two parabolic Radon transforms that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of multiple reflection drawing method step based on two parabolic Radon transforms is as follows:
S101: prestack CMP road collection is processed: prestack CMP road collection is carried out normal moveout correction and nmo stretching excision process;
S102: the foundation of objective function: set up the objective function J asking for the translation data body in La Dong territory according to following pair of item Radon transform formula;
J = Σ t Σ h W ( t , h ) | d ( t , h ) - Σ p { m A ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) + F ( h ) m B ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) } | 2 + μ Σ τ , p R [ m A ( τ , p ) / s A , m B ( τ , p ) / s B ]
In formula, regularization term R is to translation data body m a(τ, p) and m bthe sparse constraint of (τ, p), W (t, h) is the weighting factor of data space, if be inverting m a(τ, p), this algorithm becomes the high resolution parabolic Radon transform in Conventional Time territory, and balance parameters μ is used for the relation between smoothed data coupling and sparse constraint; s aand s bbe two calibrating parameters; Regularization term R for sparse constraint can be expressed as R (x, y)=log (1+x 2+ y 2) form, x, y represent the data volume that will ask for; Corresponding is sparse constraint group herein, namely m a(τ, p) and m b(τ, p) regards one group as, carries out sparse constraint to the two simultaneously;
The Radon direct transform process of S103: prestack CMP road collection: introduce regularization term R, the translation data body in La Dong territory is retrained by sparse constraint group simultaneously, heavy weighted least squares method loop iteration is finally utilized to solve objective function J, realize the high-resolution inversion of two item Radon transform operator, represented the motion feature of primary reflection and multiple reflection and the high resolution conversion data volume m of AVO feature in La Dong territory respectively aand m b;
S104: primary reflection and the separating treatment of multiple reflection in La Dong territory: identify primary reflection and multiple reflection in La Dong territory, and will represent that the data volume assignment of primary reflection is zero, realize motion feature and AVO feature being separated in La Dong territory of primary reflection and multiple reflection;
S105: the estimation of primary event wave datum: draw eastern inverse transformation to obtain the multiple reflection data of time domain the multiple reflection separated in La Dong territory, then with initial prestack road collection data deduct inverse transformation obtain multiple reflection obtain primary event wave datum.
Model analysis:
For feasibility and the superiority of method of testing, the seismic wavelet convolution of the stratum reflection coefficient that the 3rd class AVO model adopting Ostrander to propose produces and 30Hz produces the seismic channel set comprising primary reflection and multiple reflection, Δ τ maxwith Δ τ 0represent that the dynamic correction value between minimum and maximum offset distance place multiple reflection and primary reflection is poor respectively, its parameter schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is respectively Δ τ 0, Δ τ hmaxbe synthesis CMP road collection during 0.03s and 0.01s.As can be seen from the figure primary reflection amplitude is along with the increase of offset distance, amplitude increases, there is obvious 3rd class AVO feature, the AVO phenomenon of multiple reflection is then not obvious, match with the geological phenomenon of reality, this is because the generation of multiple reflection usually needs through multiple reflections, the absorption on stratum makes the energy of multiple reflection reduce, and the characteristic of amplitude variation with Offset is also weakened.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is Δ τ 0when being respectively 0.03s and 0.01s, offset distance place different time difference Δ τ relatively far away hmaxroot-mean-square error wherein, solid line represents that, based on two Radon transform acquired results, dotted line represents based on conventional Radon transform acquired results.As can be seen from the figure, along with Δ τ hmaxincrease, error amount diminishes gradually, but no matter Δ τ 0for 0.03s be still 0.01s time, compared with conventional Radon transform, two Radon transform multiple suppression make the root-mean-square error of result all smaller.Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 is Δ τ 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s and 0.01s, actual primary reflection and a) based on the conventional Radon transform of high resolving power with b) based on the difference between the two item Radon transform inversion result of high resolving power, visible, conventional Radon transform errors is larger.Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 is Δ τ 0, Δ τ hmaxwhen being 0.03s and 0.01s, the root-mean-square error of amplitude variation with Offset.By more known, no matter near migration range or at offset distance far away, compared with the conventional Radon transform acquired results of high resolving power, estimate that the primary event wave amplitude of gained is all relatively accurate based on the two item Radon transform method of high resolving power.This is due to when utilizing conventional Radon transform multiple suppression, and the smearing that amplitude variations causes can not be separated the multiple reflection in La Dong territory with primary reflection preferably, thus makes the amplitude error of recovered primary reflection larger.Comparatively speaking, because two Radon transforms consider the AVO characteristic of data, reduce the smearing of drawing eastern numeric field data, multiple reflection can be made to be separated preferably with primary reflection, thus obtain better amplitude restoration.
Therefore known by model measurement; the multiple reflection drawing method based on two Radon transforms adopting the present invention to propose passes through the shape of seismic event and the conversion respectively of amplitude amplitude; and under Sparse rules item constraint; the accurate recovery of earthquake primary event wave datum can be realized, the AVO phenomenon of available protecting geological data.
Embodiment one
Figure 10 shows the consistent a) geological data of colour code scope and passes through the conventional Radon transform of b) high resolving power and the c) primary reflection that recovers of the two item Radon transform method of high resolving power, and the time range chosen is 1.6s to 4.8s, and object reservoir is near 2.7s.As can be seen from Figure 10 b) and Figure 10 c) shown in primary event wave datum on, multiple reflection is eliminated substantially, and primary event wave energy obtains good recovery, but near the 2.7s at object reservoir place, i.e. arrow indicating positions place in the drawings, the two has obvious difference.
Figure 11 has carried out amplifying display to the data in dotted rectangle in Figure 10, as can be seen from the figure, region shown in black surround arrow, the lineups of conventional Radon transform gained primary reflection there occurs obvious distortion, destroy the AVO feature of geological data, and then can affect the identification of object reservoir, and region has obvious multiple reflection to remain shown in black arrow; At Figure 11 c) shown in based on two Radon transform acquired results; the primary reflection in region shown in black surround arrow is well recovered; the available protecting AVO phenomenon of geological data; for the purpose of the identification of reservoir lay a good foundation; and the multiple reflection in region shown in black arrow have also been obtained good removal, demonstrate the two advantage of item Radon transform in multiple attenuation and primary reflection Recovery processing and the validity of this research method.
The invention solves the current multiple attenuation technology converted based on conventional Radon, can not the AVO feature of simulated earthquake data, illusion is produced during direct transform, there is smearing, primary reflection volume distortion is there is during inverse transformation, cause the problems such as amplitude leakage, shape and the conversion of amplitude amplitude in La Dong territory of seismic event can be realized simultaneously, the movement characteristic of geological data is made to obtain better separation with AVO feature in La Dong territory, weaken the illusion produced in direct transform process, achieve the accurate recovery of primary event wave energy, protect the AVO feature of geological data, improve latter earthquake inverting, the reliability explained.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that performing creative labour can make still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. based on a multiple reflection drawing method for two parabolic Radon transforms, it is characterized in that, the described multiple reflection drawing method step based on two parabolic Radon transforms is as follows:
Step one, prestack CMP road collection to be processed: prestack CMP road collection is carried out normal moveout correction and nmo stretching excision process;
The foundation of step 2, objective function: set up the objective function asking for the translation data body in La Dong territory according to two Radon transform formula;
The Radon direct transform process of step 3, prestack CMP road collection: introduce regularization term R, the translation data body in La Dong territory is retrained by sparse constraint group simultaneously, heavy weighted least squares method loop iteration is finally utilized to solve objective function J, realize the high-resolution inversion of two item Radon transform operator, represented the motion feature of primary reflection and multiple reflection and the high resolution conversion data volume m of AVO feature in La Dong territory respectively aand m b;
Step 4, primary reflection and multiple reflection are in the separating treatment in La Dong territory: identify primary reflection and multiple reflection in La Dong territory, and will represent that the data volume assignment of primary reflection is zero, realize motion feature and AVO feature being separated in La Dong territory of primary reflection and multiple reflection;
The estimation of step 5, primary event wave datum: draw eastern inverse transformation to obtain the multiple reflection data of time domain the multiple reflection separated in La Dong territory, then with initial prestack road collection data deduct inverse transformation obtain multiple reflection obtain primary event wave datum.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the multiple reflection drawing method of two parabolic Radon transforms, it is characterized in that, the foundation of step 2, objective function: set up the objective function J asking for the translation data body in La Dong territory according to following pair of item Radon transform formula;
J = Σ t Σ h W ( t , h ) | d ( t , h ) - Σ p { m A ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) + F ( h ) m B ( p , τ = t - ph 2 ) } | 2 + μ Σ τ , p R [ m A ( τ , p ) / s A , m B ( τ , p ) / s B ]
In formula, regularization term R is to translation data body m a(τ, p) and m bthe sparse constraint of (τ, p), W (t, h) is the weighting factor of data space, and μ is balance parameters, s aand s bbe two calibrating parameters.
CN201410112564.4A 2014-03-25 2014-03-25 Multiple wave suppression method based on dual parabolic Radon transformation Expired - Fee Related CN103869364B (en)

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CN105676291B (en) * 2016-01-11 2017-04-19 中国海洋大学 Multiple wave matching attenuation method based on optimized phase axis tracking
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CN107656313B (en) * 2017-10-12 2019-08-06 中国石油天然气集团公司 A kind of domain La Dong multiple wave drawing method and device
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CN110568500A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-12-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method and device for removing multiples in seismic data
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CN112147693B (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-07-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method and device for suppressing residual multiples with near offset distance
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