CN103869356A - Seismic reflecting interface closing method - Google Patents
Seismic reflecting interface closing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103869356A CN103869356A CN201210530093.XA CN201210530093A CN103869356A CN 103869356 A CN103869356 A CN 103869356A CN 201210530093 A CN201210530093 A CN 201210530093A CN 103869356 A CN103869356 A CN 103869356A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for closing the same seismic reflecting interface identified in different directions in oil exploration. Each seismic channel reflecting interface spatial position is interactively identified according to an inline direction on a plurality of seismic sections, lines are drawn on the plurality of seismic sections, each seismic channel reflecting interface spatial position is interactively identified, according to a sequential order of seismic channels, time values of adjacent seismic channels are subtracted mutually to obtain a closing difference value is obtained, adjacent closing difference values of seismic channels are subtracted mutually to obtain two closing difference mutation values, if the closing difference mutation values are greater than a critical value, adjacent channel mutations are restored and marked till seismic reflecting interfaces of a whole work area are all completed, and no closing trace exists. The seismic reflecting interface closing method can identify depth domain seismic wave data or time domain seismic wave data, records and eliminates seismic reflecting interface identifiers of different directions in real time in a process of identification, and improves work efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is petroleum exploration field seismic reflector recognition technology, is a kind of same seismic reflector method of closing that makes different directions identification.
Background technology
In petroleum and natural gas seismic prospecting, often adopt the seismic data forming after 3-D seismics information processing to carry out the identification of seismic reflector.These interfaces can be reflected by the waveform of seismic event, form seismic reflector.The identification of seismic reflector has a variety of methods, and the most frequently used recognition methods is that the seismic data of earthquake-capturing is depicted as to seismic section, by the artificial seismic reflector that identification is reflected by seismic data on seismic section.Wherein, 3-D seismics wave datum is stored in regular 3 D stereo mode, and horizontal direction is pressed line, road is arranged, and a 3D seismic data has some lines, has some roads on every line; In longitudinally upper each road, there are the discrete some data of several time domains, multichannel seismic data is drawn out continuously and can be shown as seismic cross-section.3-D seismics wave datum forms the transverse and longitudinal net region with certain intervals, can reflect the geological condition in a region.Seismic reflector also shows as a curved surface according to this grid with discrete point.The process of identification seismic reflector is exactly take consecutive shock road as background, by the degree of depth or the time location at mark seismic reflector place on each seismic trace, finally forms the depth value at a group of grid interface, and is saved in magnetic disk media.And one of Focal point and difficult point problem that this recognition methods faces, in the two dimensional cross-section of different directions, identify exactly the closed-ended question at the same reflection interface within the scope of three-dimensional spatial area, only have all directions all closed seismic reflector be just identified as the seismic reflector of merit.
The background of seismic reflector identification is that the multiple tracks seismic data edge within the scope of three dimensions laterally or is longitudinally shown continuously, is depicted as two dimensional cross-section.And arrange a direction to be defined as main profile section, other direction is defined as cross-track section.Seismic reflector identification carrys out mark on these sections.But the ambiguity of and seismic section information uncertain to the subjective understanding of subsurface reflective boundary when utilizing these seismic events to reflect underground interphase, causing in different angles is may be familiar with difference to the position of same reflection interface mark on main profile section and cross-track section.Application personnel need to be switched the section of these two kinds of different directions repeatedly, revise mark position, finally confirm mark.But because reflection spot only has a gauge point on a seismic trace, when after (as main profile section) mark in one direction, if carried out modification mark in another direction (as cross-track section), and there is certain difference (mis-tie), because this mark action is all carried out continuously, after mark, on cross-track section, by can not distinguishing the position of mark on main profile section originally, be also not easy to give for change original main profile section simultaneously.See accompanying drawing 1, in accompanying drawing 1-(a), L1 is illustrated in the principal section seismic reflector of mark continuously, and L2 and L2 ' are the seismic reflectors identifying on contact section.In an O position, it is the home position (seeing accompanying drawing 1-(a)) of reflecting interface on the seismic trace that can see of two kinds of sections, when principal section is identified at L1, seismic reflector is shown in accompanying drawing 1-(b) at O(), due to the impact of being familiar with, may be identified at L2 ' at contact section, cause reflecting interface identification point to become O ' (seeing accompanying drawing 1-(c)).Now, O point original in accompanying drawing 1-(c) is covered by follow-up mark, application personnel need to manual remember the profile position just now showing, to switch back, the position of contrast other direction mark, but because the appearance of O and O ' is not known in advance, application personnel are difficult to predictably remember previous position.Therefore, existing method can not Real time identification mis-tie and is navigated to the seismic trace that produces mis-tie, and work efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
Be to provide a kind of mis-tie producing when different directions is identified seismic reflector that is automatically identified in order of the present invention, finally eliminate the seismic reflector method of closing of mis-tie.
Specific implementation of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) gather three-dimensional work area seismic data;
Described in step 1), gathering is by manually blowing out generation artificial earthquake, the seismic data then gathering with seismic event acquisition instrument.
2) on many seismic sections, alternately identify each seismic trace reflecting interface locus by the mode of setting-out by main profile or cross-track direction, the value of longitudinal direction is very first time value;
Step 2) described seismic reflector locus is the coordinate position within the scope of three-dimensional space, wire size, Taoist monastic name are the value of both direction in plane, with X, Y representative; Time value is the value of longitudinal direction, represents with Z.
3) with step 2) cross-track or main profile direction crossing, setting-out on many seismic sections, identifies each seismic trace reflecting interface locus alternately, the value of longitudinal direction is the second time value;
4) press the sequencing of seismic trace, very first time value and second time value of getting adjacent three seismic traces, then deduct very first time value by the second time value of each seismic trace respectively, and gained is poor to take absolute value, and obtains the closed difference of three seismic traces;
By closed the interim orbit of three seismic traces difference and the comparison of mis-tie critical value, as be greater than critical value, the time value that reflecting interface records on interim orbit is not closed, has the mis-tie of the reparation of needing;
Mis-tie critical value described in step 4) is to set by interactive interface, for being greater than 10.
5) closed twice adjacent in three seismic traces of step 4) difference is subtracted each other, the difference of gained takes absolute value, obtain two mis-tie sudden change values, by mis-tie sudden change value and the comparison of mis-tie sudden change critical value, if these two mis-tie sudden change values are all greater than mis-tie sudden change critical value, the interim orbit of adjacent three seismic traces has needs the phase neighboring trace mis-tie of repairing to suddenly change;
Mis-tie sudden change value critical value described in step 5), for the admissible critical value of the mis-tie sudden change value of adjacent two seismic traces, sets by interactive interface, for being greater than 10.
6) result of utilizing step 4) and step 5) to obtain is identified closed Trace Data and is generated, and revises or delete closed Trace Data;
Deterministic process described in step 6) is as follows:
Closed Trace Data generates: if in step 4) in have and need the mis-tie of repairing, and have and need the phase neighboring trace mis-tie sudden change of repairing at step 5) interim orbit, interim orbit generates closed Trace Data; Otherwise interim orbit does not generate closed Trace Data;
Closed Trace Data is revised: if interim orbit has generated closed Trace Data, and interim orbit had closed Trace Data originally, upgraded the time value of closed Trace Data;
Closed Trace Data is deleted: if interim orbit does not generate closed Trace Data, and original interim orbit has existed closed Trace Data, the closed Trace Data deletion in Ze Jianggai road;
The locus of closed Trace Data is represented by wire size, Taoist monastic name and time value respectively, and its time value is step 2) in very first time value.
7) closed Trace Data step 6) being produced, is indicated in sign format on the time value position of interim orbit by its locus;
8) repeating step 4 successively)-7), generate and indicate until complete the closed Trace Data of all seismic traces on section;
9) repeating step 2 successively)-8), until the identification of the seismic reflector in whole three-dimensional work area all completes, and leaves over without closed Trace Data, seismic reflector is completely closed.
The present invention has input data is had to adaptability flexibly, both can identify Depth Domain seismic data, again can recognition time territory seismic data.The mis-tie existing be recorded in real time at different directions seismic reflector mark in the process of seismic reflector identification time, and in identifying subsequently, it is eliminated in real time, as shown in Figure 2.The present invention eliminates mis-tie in real time in the process of seismic reflector identification, increases work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theoretical schematic diagram that produces mis-tie in seismic reflector identifying;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is to reaching closed theoretical schematic diagram in seismic reflector identifying;
Fig. 3 is seismic reflector marking effect figure on certain section;
Fig. 4 is the design sketch that generates closed Trace Data by method of the present invention in seismic reflector identification procedure;
Fig. 5 is with method of the present invention inc design sketch of seismic reflector on the section crossing with accompanying drawing 4;
Fig. 6 is the design sketch of realizing seismic reflector closure by method of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the inc design sketch of certain work area seismic reflector;
Fig. 8 is the design sketch of realizing certain work area seismic reflector closure by method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example in detail the present invention.
Method provided by the present invention can be identified the mis-tie that seismic reflector produces in the time that different directions identifies automatically, and records the historical position of not closed seismic trace seismic reflector by closed Trace Data.Next step identification schemes is formulated in the position indicating according to closed vestige in seismic reflector identification procedure subsequently, and mis-tie is eliminated on mark limit, limit, until the closed Trace Data of all seismic traces is all deleted, reaches reflecting interface completely closed.Thereby realize the closure effect in seismic reflector identifying, be conducive to the correct explanation of seismic reflector.
The specific embodiment of the invention is:
1) gather the three-dimensional work area seismic data that will identify.
2) in the upper mark of multiple sections (as main profile section) the seismic reflector locus of a direction, obtain every very first time value together.As accompanying drawing 2(a) as shown in.
3) with step 2) survey line profile direction crossing, indicate the very first time position having identified with circle multiple sections (as cross-track section) of another direction are upper, as accompanying drawing 2(b) as shown in.And then mark seismic reflector locus, obtain every the second time value together.
As accompanying drawing 2(c) as shown in.
4) press the sequencing of seismic trace, very first time value and second time value of getting adjacent three seismic traces, deduct very first time value by the second time value of each seismic trace respectively, and gained is poor to take absolute value, and obtains the closed difference of three seismic traces.
5) closed twice adjacent in three seismic traces of step 4) difference is subtracted each other, the difference of gained takes absolute value, and obtains two mis-tie sudden change values;
6) if the closed difference of the interim orbit obtaining in step 4) is greater than mis-tie critical value, and two mis-tie sudden change values that obtain in step 5) are all greater than mis-tie sudden change critical value, interim orbit generates closed Trace Data, as accompanying drawing 2(c) as shown in, otherwise do not generate.In original
Between the situation of the existing closed Trace Data in road, if generate new closed Trace Data, revise closed Trace Data, otherwise delete original closed Trace Data, as accompanying drawing 2(e) as shown in.
7), by the closed Trace Data producing in step 6), be indicated on the very first time position of interim orbit with sign format by its locus.As accompanying drawing 2(c), accompanying drawing 2(d) as shown in.
8) repeating step 4 successively)-7), generate and indicate until complete the closed Trace Data of all seismic traces on section.
9) repeating step 2 successively)-8), until the identification of the seismic reflector in whole three-dimensional work area all completes, and leaves over without closed Trace Data, seismic reflector is completely closed.As accompanying drawing 2(f) as shown in.
Invention experiment embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
1) gather certain three-dimensional work area seismic data.Work area area 84km
2, 280 of main profiles, 480 of cross-tracks.
2) setting mis-tie critical value by interactive interface is 20, and mis-tie sudden change critical value is 20.
3) every 4 mark main profile seismic reflectors, then on cross-track section, identify seismic reflectors every 20.As shown in Figure 3, have many circles on cross-track section, these circles are the reflecting interface identifying on main profile, the very first time value position that position is reflecting interface.(reflecting interface single-point circle symbology here because on main profile every 4 mark seismic reflectors, so what see on cross-track is exactly the circle in every 4 road.If phase neighboring trace has reflecting interface data, the data of per pass are coupled together and indicate with line.）
Meanwhile, in the situation that seismic reflector is not closed, show the seismic reflector within the scope of full work area at base map.As shown in Figure 7, in black surround " ", there are the part reflecting interface of three lines and the reflecting interface not closed (being in particular in that color and ambient data color are without transition, color change) identifying around.In accompanying drawing 7, inc three lines are corresponding with three surveys line at three seismic trace places in accompanying drawing 3.
4), in mark cross-track process, find that Mou San road mark result and other road mark result be not on same seismic reflector, as accompanying drawing 4.On cross-track, identify after seismic reflector and (use setting-out mode), the seismic reflector data that identify meet the closed Trace Data formation condition described in invention step 6), illustrate that Gai San road seismic reflector is not closed.Therefore generate closed Trace Data, and by " ◇ " symbology in very first time position, as accompanying drawing 4.
5) after closed Trace Data generates, illustrate that the seismic reflector data that identify exist inc situation, need reinterpret the seismic reflector of main profile on main profile.
6) show respectively the main profile section at place, three not closed roads according to closed vestige symbology position, can see in the reflecting interface position of cross-track direction than current section reflecting interface position upwards, there is closed Trace Data symbol simultaneously, therefore need to repair this inc situation, as accompanying drawing 5.So again identify reflecting interface on main profile section, its position upwards moved.Again after mark, the closed Trace Data having met described in invention step 6) is deleted condition, so delete three closed Trace Data, reflecting interface closure, as accompanying drawing 6.
7) on base map, visible full work area seismic reflector is all closed, as shown in Figure 8.
Claims (5)
1. a seismic reflector method of closing, feature is to comprise the steps:
1) gather three-dimensional work area seismic data; Described collection is by manually blowing out generation artificial earthquake, the seismic data then gathering with seismic event acquisition instrument;
2) on many seismic sections, alternately identify each seismic trace reflecting interface locus by the mode of setting-out by main profile or cross-track direction, the value of longitudinal direction is very first time value;
3) with step 2) cross-track or main profile direction crossing, setting-out on many seismic sections, identifies each seismic trace reflecting interface locus alternately, the value of longitudinal direction is the second time value;
4) press the sequencing of seismic trace, very first time value and second time value of getting adjacent three seismic traces, then deduct very first time value by the second time value of each seismic trace respectively, and gained is poor to take absolute value, and obtains the closed difference of three seismic traces;
By closed the interim orbit of three seismic traces difference and the comparison of mis-tie critical value, as be greater than critical value, the time value that reflecting interface records on interim orbit is not closed, has the mis-tie of the reparation of needing;
5) closed twice adjacent in three seismic traces of step 4) difference is subtracted each other, the difference of gained takes absolute value, obtain two mis-tie sudden change values, by mis-tie sudden change value and the comparison of mis-tie sudden change critical value, if these two mis-tie sudden change values are all greater than mis-tie sudden change critical value, the interim orbit of adjacent three seismic traces has needs the phase neighboring trace mis-tie of repairing to suddenly change;
6) result of utilizing step 4) and step 5) to obtain is identified closed Trace Data and is generated, and revises or delete closed Trace Data;
7) closed Trace Data step 6) being produced, is indicated in sign format on the time value position of interim orbit by its locus;
8) repeating step 4 successively)-7), generate and indicate until complete the closed Trace Data of all seismic traces on section;
9) repeating step 2 successively)-8), until the identification of the seismic reflector in whole three-dimensional work area all completes, and leaves over without closed Trace Data, seismic reflector is completely closed.
2. according to the method for claim 1, feature is step 2) described seismic reflector locus is the coordinate position within the scope of three-dimensional space, wire size, Taoist monastic name are the value of both direction in plane, with X, Y representative; Time value is the value of longitudinal direction, represents with Z.
3. according to the method for claim 1, feature is that the mis-tie critical value described in step 4) is to set by interactive interface, for being greater than 10.
4. according to the method for claim 1, feature is mis-tie sudden change value critical value described in step 5), for the admissible critical value of the mis-tie sudden change value of adjacent two seismic traces, sets, for being greater than 10 by interactive interface.
5. according to the method for claim 1, feature is that the deterministic process described in step 6) is as follows:
Closed Trace Data generates: if in step 4) in have and need the mis-tie of repairing, and have and need the phase neighboring trace mis-tie sudden change of repairing at step 5) interim orbit, interim orbit generates closed Trace Data; Otherwise interim orbit does not generate closed Trace Data;
Closed Trace Data is revised: if interim orbit has generated closed Trace Data, and interim orbit had closed Trace Data originally, upgraded the time value of closed Trace Data;
Closed Trace Data is deleted: if interim orbit does not generate closed Trace Data, and original interim orbit has existed closed Trace Data, the closed Trace Data deletion in Ze Jianggai road;
The locus of closed Trace Data is represented by wire size, Taoist monastic name and time value respectively, and its time value is step 2) in very first time value.
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| CN201210530093.XA CN103869356B (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | A kind of seismic reflector method of closing |
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| CN201210530093.XA CN103869356B (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2012-12-10 | A kind of seismic reflector method of closing |
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| CN103869356B CN103869356B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110888167A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-03-17 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Correction method and processing terminal for two-dimensional survey line seismic data closure error |
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| CN1070267A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-03-24 | 兰得马克制图公司 | Be used for seeking the method and apparatus of 3D seismic data reflecting interface |
| US5251184A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-10-05 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for finding horizons in 3D seismic data |
| CN1797039A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for automatic tracking 3D geological horizon |
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- 2012-12-10 CN CN201210530093.XA patent/CN103869356B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070267A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-03-24 | 兰得马克制图公司 | Be used for seeking the method and apparatus of 3D seismic data reflecting interface |
| US5251184A (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-10-05 | Landmark Graphics Corporation | Method and apparatus for finding horizons in 3D seismic data |
| CN1797039A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-05 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for automatic tracking 3D geological horizon |
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| 张学东: "准噶尔盆地腹部地震剖面闭合差的校正", 《中国西部油气地质》, vol. 2, no. 3, 30 September 2006 (2006-09-30) * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110888167A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-03-17 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Correction method and processing terminal for two-dimensional survey line seismic data closure error |
| CN110888167B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-07-30 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Correction method and processing terminal for two-dimensional survey line seismic data closure error |
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