CN103867525B - A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder - Google Patents

A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103867525B
CN103867525B CN201410137680.1A CN201410137680A CN103867525B CN 103867525 B CN103867525 B CN 103867525B CN 201410137680 A CN201410137680 A CN 201410137680A CN 103867525 B CN103867525 B CN 103867525B
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piston
small piston
piston rod
small
hole
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CN103867525A (en
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湛从昌
陈奎生
龚云
蒋俊
陈新元
吴凛
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

The present invention is specifically related to a kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder.The technological scheme adopted is: guide sleeve (4) and large end cap (2) are stretched out in the end of large piston rod (25), the opposite side of large piston (6) has small piston hole concentrically, the external diameter of the aperture in small piston hole and the degree of depth and small piston (11) and thickness correspondent equal, large piston (6) and large piston rod (25) have small piston rod through hole concentrically, and small piston rod (26) passes small piston rod through hole.Valve seat orifice is had with large piston (6) side of small piston hole homonymy, the hole wall of valve seat orifice has the first annular oil groove (28) and the second annular oil groove (35) from inside to outside successively, first annular oil groove (28) is communicated with large piston rod rod chamber (23) by the first oil duct (20), second annular oil groove (35) is communicated by the small piston hole of the second oil duct (18) with large piston (6), and repid cut-off valve (19) is fixed in valve seat orifice.The present invention has that conversion is simple, energy saving, reduce costs, the feature that easy to maintenance and conversion process is stable.

Description

A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil hydraulic cylinder technical field.Be specifically related to a kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder.
Background technique
At present, in hydraulic equipment, the speed of the hydraulic element such as oil hydraulic cylinder, oil hydraulic motor is one of important process performance of hydraulic system, in order to regulate the speed of above-mentioned hydraulic element, traditional method changes restriction with adjust flux with throttle valve or series flow control valve, reaches the object of governing speed.But these throttle valve or series flow control valve are generally contained on the working connection of hydraulic system, other oil circuit or oil circuit, composition Metering Flow Control Circuits, no matter be contained in which position, hydraulic oil all has the pressure loss by throttle valve, this loss will be converted into heat energy, and hydraulic fluid temperature is raised.High oil temperature then can cause hydraulic oil to go bad, and reduces the operating life of hydraulic oil, wastes energy and increase cost of production, and throttle grverning operation simultaneously controls inconvenient, poor stability.
In order to reduce the pressure loss that throttle grverning produces, adopt variable displacement pump fuel feeding at present.But variable displacement pump complex structure, involves great expense, and rate of fault is high, maintenance difficulty is large, and whole hydraulic equipment price is improved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, and object is to provide and a kind ofly converts simple, energy saving, reduce costs, convenient operating maintenance, conversion process good stability and can improve the velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder of hydraulic system efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: described oil hydraulic cylinder comprises large end cap, guide sleeve, cylinder body, large piston, large piston rod, small piston, small piston rod, small end cover and repid cut-off valve.
Cylinder body is the entirety of large cylinder body and little cylinder body composition.The end winding support of large cylinder body is equipped with large end cap, and the end winding support of little cylinder body is equipped with small end cover, and guide sleeve is close to large end cap and is fixed on concentrically in large cylinder body.Large cylinder body has the first hydraulic fluid port, and the first hydraulic fluid port is near guide sleeve; Little cylinder body has the second hydraulic fluid port, and the second hydraulic fluid port is near small end cover.The joint of large inboard wall of cylinder block and little inboard wall of cylinder block has 4 triangular grooves symmetrically.
Large piston is arranged in large cylinder body, and the side of large piston is fixed with large piston rod concentrically, and guide sleeve and large end cap are stretched out in the end of large piston rod.The opposite side of large piston has small piston hole concentrically, and the aperture in small piston hole is equal with the external diameter of small piston, and the degree of depth in small piston hole is equal with the thickness of small piston; Large piston and large piston rod have small piston rod through hole concentrically, and the internal diameter of small piston rod through hole is equal with small piston rod external diameter.Valve seat orifice is had with the large piston side of small piston hole homonymy, the hole wall of valve seat orifice has the first annular oil groove and the second annular oil groove from inside to outside successively, first annular oil groove is communicated with large piston rod rod chamber by the first oil duct, second annular oil groove is communicated with the small piston hole of large piston by the second oil duct, and repid cut-off valve is fixed in valve seat orifice.
Small piston rod is fixedly connected with small piston is concentricity, and small piston is arranged in little cylinder body, and the gap of small piston and little cylinder body is 15 ~ 35 μm.Small piston rod passes small piston rod through hole, annular seal groove is had concentrically with on the small piston ring surface of small piston rod homonymy, the radius of annular seal groove is greater than the second oil duct hydraulic fluid port apart from the distance of large piston centreline and is less than the radius in the small piston hole of large piston, and annular seal groove is equipped with the first seal ring.
Repid cut-off valve is made up of valve pocket, spring, spool, fixed cover and the second seal ring; Spring loads in spool, and the opening end of spool loads valve pocket inwardly.Valve pocket is cylindric, and the barrel of valve pocket has the 3rd hydraulic fluid port, and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port communicates with the first annular oil groove; The inwall of valve pocket has the 3rd annular oil groove, and the 3rd annular oil groove is communicated with the second annular oil groove by the 4th hydraulic fluid port, and the close open end of valve pocket outer wall is equipped with the second seal ring.Spool is also cylindric, and the barrel of spool has the 5th hydraulic fluid port, and the 5th hydraulic fluid port communicates with the 3rd annular oil groove, the closed end of spool is provided with push rod, be provided with the discoid of through hole centered by fixed cover, fixed cover is fixedly connected with large piston by screw, and the push rod of spool is arranged in the through hole of fixed cover.
The hole wall of large end cap is equipped with dust ring, the hole wall of guide sleeve is equipped with the 3rd seal ring, and the 4th seal ring is equipped with in the cylndrical surface of large piston, and support ring is equipped with in the both sides of the 4th seal ring, the cylndrical surface of small piston evenly has 5 ~ 7 balancing slits, and the 5th seal ring is equipped with at the middle part of small piston rod.
The axial length H of described triangular groove is 6 ~ 8mm, and the radial length L of triangular groove is 4 ~ 6mm; Triangular groove is isosceles triangle in the projection of horizontal plane and vertical guide, and triangular groove is 45 ~ 75 ° at the isosceles angle that horizontal plane projects, and described vertical guide is the face vertical with the radial direction of triangular groove.
The groove width of described balancing slit is 0.5 ~ 0.8mm, and groove depth is 0.6 ~ 1.0mm.
The material of described large piston, large piston rod, small piston and small piston rod is cast steel, and the equal chromium plating in surface of large piston, large piston rod, small piston and small piston rod, chromium coating thickness is 0.01 ~ 0.02mm.
Working procedure of the present invention:
When hydraulic oil enters large piston rod rod chamber from the first hydraulic fluid port, large piston inwardly moves to the bottom of large cylinder body, the push rod of spool is under the reaction of large cylinder base, spool Compress Spring, the hydraulic oil of large piston rod rod chamber is made to enter in repid cut-off valve by the first oil duct, 5th hydraulic fluid port of spool and the second oil duct are connected, and hydraulic oil flows to the rod chamber of small piston, and small piston rod is inwardly retracted.Otherwise, when hydraulic oil enters rodless cavity from the second hydraulic fluid port, small piston rod is protruding, and the hydraulic oil of small piston rod chamber enters large piston rod rod chamber by repid cut-off valve, time bottom the small piston hole that small piston outwards moves to large piston, the second oil duct closed by first seal ring, large piston also outwards moves under hydraulic oil effect, and when the push rod of spool leaves the bottom of large cylinder body, spool under the action of the spring, cut off the second oil duct, realize heavy load and externally do work at a slow speed.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
1, the present invention adopts double-piston double piston-rod structure, small piston rod through large piston and large piston rod protruding, realize quick low carrying move, now large piston and large piston rod motionless.When small piston touches the bottom in small piston hole of large piston, small piston and the motion of large piston synchronous, namely with heavy load microinching.Speed and load change must HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM, and self completed by described oil hydraulic cylinder.
Small piston rod carries out relative movement through small piston rod through hole, and when pressure and the constant flow of hydraulic oil, small piston and small piston rod can realize little load rapid movement; When small piston arrives after bottom small piston hole, under pressure oil effect, large piston and large piston rod realize heavy load microinching.Load and speed conversion process are realized by repid cut-off valve.
2, the present invention adopts repid cut-off valve, and can cut off realizing between small piston rod chamber and large piston rod chamber or connect, cut off or connect to have been come by spring and push rod, conversion be simple.
3, the present invention adopts the integral structure of large cylinder body and repid cut-off valve, forms a composite component, simplifies structure and the control of hydraulic system, makes oil hydraulic cylinder multifunction.
4, the present invention adopts clearance seal and seal ring to seal the form combined, longer junction plane adopts the 5th seal ring sealing, clearance seal is adopted between the cylndrical surface of small piston and the inwall of little cylinder body, not only reduce the surface friction drag of oil hydraulic cylinder, the machining accuracy of small piston rod surface and large piston and large piston rod inwall can be reduced again, reduce cost.
5, the present invention has 4 triangular grooves symmetrically in the joint with large inboard wall of cylinder block and little inboard wall of cylinder block, and the hydraulic shock produced when undergoing mutation in order to the volume slowed down because of cavity volume, improves the stability of conversion process.
Therefore, the present invention have that conversion is simple, energy saving, reduce costs, convenient operating maintenance, the feature of hydraulic system efficiency and conversion process good stability of improving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of Fig. 1 repid cut-off valve 19.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, the restriction not to its protection domain:
embodiment 1
A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder.As shown in Figure 1, described oil hydraulic cylinder comprises large end cap 2, guide sleeve 4, cylinder body 24, large piston 6, large piston rod 25, small piston 11, small piston rod 26, small end cover 14 and repid cut-off valve 19.
As shown in Figure 1, cylinder body 24 is the entirety that large cylinder body 5 and little cylinder body 13 form.The end winding support of large cylinder body 5 is equipped with large end cap 2, and the end winding support of little cylinder body 13 is equipped with small end cover 14, and guide sleeve 4 is close to large end cap 2 and is fixed on concentrically in large cylinder body 5.Large cylinder body 5 has the first hydraulic fluid port 22, first hydraulic fluid port 22 near guide sleeve 4; Little cylinder body 13 has the second hydraulic fluid port 15, second hydraulic fluid port 15 near small end cover 14.The joint of large cylinder body 5 inwall and little cylinder body 13 inwall has 4 triangular grooves 9 symmetrically.
As shown in Figure 1, large piston 6 is arranged in large cylinder body 5, and the side of large piston 6 is fixed with large piston rod 25 concentrically, and guide sleeve 4 and large end cap 2 are stretched out in the end of large piston rod 25.The opposite side of large piston 6 has small piston hole concentrically, and the aperture in small piston hole is equal with the external diameter of small piston 11, and the degree of depth in small piston hole is equal with the thickness of small piston 11; Large piston 6 and large piston rod 25 have small piston rod through hole concentrically, and the internal diameter of small piston rod through hole is equal with small piston rod 26 external diameter.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, valve seat orifice is had with large piston 6 side of small piston hole homonymy, the hole wall of valve seat orifice has the first annular oil groove 28 and the second annular oil groove 35 from inside to outside successively, first annular oil groove 28 is communicated with large piston rod rod chamber 23 by the first oil duct 20, second annular oil groove 35 is communicated by the small piston hole of the second oil duct 18 with large piston 6, and repid cut-off valve 19 is fixed in valve seat orifice.
As shown in Figure 1, small piston rod 26 is fixedly connected with small piston 11 is concentricity, and small piston 11 is arranged in little cylinder body 13, and small piston 11 is 15 ~ 35 μm with the gap of little cylinder body 13.Small piston rod 26 passes small piston rod through hole, annular seal groove is had concentrically with on small piston 11 ring surface of small piston rod 26 homonymy, the radius of annular seal groove is greater than the second oil duct 18 hydraulic fluid port apart from the distance of large piston 6 center line and is less than the radius in the small piston hole of large piston 6, annular seal groove is equipped with the first seal ring 10, enters the second oil duct 18 to prevent the hydraulic oil of rodless cavity 16.
As shown in Figure 2, repid cut-off valve 19 is made up of valve pocket 29, spring 27, spool 36, fixed cover 33 and the second seal ring 32; Spring 27 loads in spool 36, and the opening end of spool 36 loads valve pocket 29 inwardly.Valve pocket 29 is cylindric, and the barrel of valve pocket 29 has the 3rd hydraulic fluid port the 37, three hydraulic fluid port 37 and communicates with the first annular oil groove 28; The inwall of valve pocket 29 is had the 3rd annular oil groove the 34, three annular oil groove 34 and is communicated with the second annular oil groove 35 by the 4th hydraulic fluid port 30, and the close open end of valve pocket 29 outer wall is equipped with the second seal ring 32.Spool 36 is also cylindric, the barrel of spool 36 has the 5th hydraulic fluid port 31,5th hydraulic fluid port 31 communicates with the 3rd annular oil groove 34, the closed end of spool 36 is provided with push rod, the discoid of through hole is provided with centered by fixed cover 33, fixed cover 33 is fixedly connected with large piston 6 by screw, and the push rod of spool 36 is arranged in the through hole of fixed cover 33.
As shown in Figure 1, the hole wall of large end cap 2 is equipped with dust ring 1, the hole wall of guide sleeve 4 is equipped with the 3rd seal ring 3, the 4th seal ring 8 is equipped with in the cylndrical surface of large piston 6, support ring 7 is equipped with in the both sides of the 4th seal ring 8, the cylndrical surface of small piston 11 evenly has 5 ~ 7 balancing slits 12, and the 5th seal ring 21 is equipped with at the middle part of small piston rod 26.
As shown in Figure 1, the axial length H of described triangular groove 9 is 6 ~ 7mm, and the radial length L of triangular groove 9 is 4 ~ 5mm; Triangular groove 9 is isosceles triangle in the projection of horizontal plane and vertical guide, and triangular groove 9 is 45 ~ 60 ° at the isosceles angle that horizontal plane projects, and described vertical guide is the face vertical with the radial direction of triangular groove 9.
The groove width of described balancing slit 12 is 0.5 ~ 0.7mm, and groove depth is 0.6 ~ 0.8mm.
The material of described large piston 6, large piston rod 25, small piston 11 and small piston rod 26 is cast steel, and the equal chromium plating in surface of large piston 6, large piston rod 25, small piston 11 and small piston rod 26, chromium coating thickness is 0.01 ~ 0.02mm.
embodiment 2
A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder.The present embodiment is except following technical parameter, and all the other are with embodiment 1:
The axial length H of described triangular groove 9 is 7 ~ 8mm, and the radial length L of triangular groove 9 is 5 ~ 6mm; Triangular groove 9 is isosceles triangle in the projection of horizontal plane and vertical guide, and triangular groove 9 is 60 ~ 75 ° at the isosceles angle that horizontal plane projects, and described vertical guide is the face vertical with the radial direction of triangular groove 9.
The groove width of described balancing slit 12 is 0.6 ~ 0.8mm, and groove depth is 0.8 ~ 1.0mm.
The working procedure of this embodiment:
When hydraulic oil enters large piston rod rod chamber 23 from the first hydraulic fluid port 22, large piston 6 inwardly moves to the bottom of large cylinder body 5, under the reaction bottom large cylinder body 5 of the push rod of spool 36, spool 36 Compress Spring 27, the hydraulic oil of large piston rod rod chamber 23 is made to enter in repid cut-off valve 19 by the first oil duct 20,5th hydraulic fluid port 31 of spool 36 and the second oil duct 18 are connected, and hydraulic oil flows to the rod chamber 17 of small piston, and small piston rod 26 is inwardly retracted.Otherwise, when hydraulic oil enters rodless cavity 16 from the second hydraulic fluid port 15, small piston rod 26 is protruding, the hydraulic oil of small piston rod chamber 17 enters large piston rod rod chamber 23 by repid cut-off valve 19, time bottom the small piston hole that small piston 11 outwards moves to large piston 6, the second oil duct 18 closed by first seal ring 10, large piston 6 also outwards moves under hydraulic oil effect, when the push rod of spool 36 leaves the bottom of large cylinder body, spool 36 is under the effect of spring 27, cut off the second oil duct 18, realize heavy load and externally do work at a slow speed.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, this embodiment compared with prior art has following good effect:
1, this embodiment adopts double-piston double piston-rod structure, small piston rod 26 through large piston 6 and large piston rod 25 protruding, realize quick low carrying and move, now large piston 6 and large piston rod 25 motionless.When small piston 11 touches the bottom in the small piston hole of large piston 6, small piston 11 and large piston 6 are synchronized with the movement, namely with heavy load microinching.Speed and load change must HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM, and self completed by described oil hydraulic cylinder.
Small piston rod 26 carries out relative movement through small piston rod through hole center, and when pressure and the constant flow of hydraulic oil, small piston 11 and small piston rod 26 can realize little load rapid movement; When small piston 11 arrives after bottom small piston hole, under pressure oil effect, large piston 6 and large piston rod 25 realize heavy load microinching.Load and speed conversion process are realized by repid cut-off valve 19.
2, this embodiment adopts repid cut-off valve 19, and can cut off realizing between small piston rod chamber 17 and large piston rod chamber 23 or connect, cut off or connect to have been come by spring 27 and push rod, conversion be simple.
3, this embodiment adopts the integral structure of large cylinder body 5 and repid cut-off valve 19, forms a composite component, simplifies structure and the control of hydraulic system, makes oil hydraulic cylinder multifunction.
4, this embodiment adopts clearance seal and seal ring to seal the form combined, longer junction plane adopt the 5th seal ring 21 seal, clearance seal is adopted between the cylndrical surface of small piston 11 and the inwall of little cylinder body 13, not only reduce the surface friction drag of oil hydraulic cylinder, the machining accuracy of small piston rod 26 surface and large piston 6 and large piston rod 25 inwall can be reduced again, reduce cost.
5, this embodiment has 4 triangular grooves 9 symmetrically in the joint with large cylinder body 5 inwall and little cylinder body 13 inwall, and the hydraulic shock produced when undergoing mutation in order to the volume slowed down because of cavity volume, improves the stability of conversion process.
Therefore, this embodiment have that conversion is simple, energy saving, reduce costs, convenient operating maintenance, the feature of hydraulic system efficiency and conversion process good stability of improving.

Claims (4)

1. a velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder, is characterized in that described oil hydraulic cylinder comprises large end cap (2), guide sleeve (4), cylinder body (24), large piston (6), large piston rod (25), small piston (11), small piston rod (26), small end cover (14) and repid cut-off valve (19);
The entirety that cylinder body (24) forms for large cylinder body (5) and little cylinder body (13); The end winding support of large cylinder body (5) is equipped with large end cap (2), the end winding support of little cylinder body (13) is equipped with small end cover (14), and guide sleeve (4) is close to large end cap (2) and is fixed in large cylinder body (5) concentrically; Large cylinder body (5) has the first hydraulic fluid port (22), first hydraulic fluid port (22) is near guide sleeve (4), little cylinder body (13) has the second hydraulic fluid port (15), second hydraulic fluid port (15) is near small end cover (14), and the joint of large cylinder body (5) inwall and little cylinder body (13) inwall has 4 triangular grooves (9) symmetrically;
Large piston (6) is arranged in large cylinder body (5), the side of large piston (6) is fixed with large piston rod (25) concentrically, and guide sleeve (4) and large end cap (2) are stretched out in the end of large piston rod (25); The opposite side of large piston (6) has small piston hole concentrically, and the aperture in small piston hole is equal with the external diameter of small piston (11), and the degree of depth in small piston hole is equal with the thickness of small piston (11); Large piston (6) and large piston rod (25) have small piston rod through hole concentrically, and the internal diameter of small piston rod through hole is equal with small piston rod (26) external diameter; Valve seat orifice is had with large piston (6) side of small piston hole homonymy, the hole wall of valve seat orifice has the first annular oil groove (28) and the second annular oil groove (35) from inside to outside successively, first annular oil groove (28) is communicated with large piston rod rod chamber (23) by the first oil duct (20), second annular oil groove (35) is communicated by the small piston hole of the second oil duct (18) with large piston (6), and repid cut-off valve (19) is fixed in valve seat orifice;
Small piston rod (26) is fixedly connected with small piston (11) is concentricity, small piston (11) is arranged in little cylinder body (13), and small piston (11) is 15 ~ 35 μm with the gap of little cylinder body (13); Small piston rod (26) passes small piston rod through hole, annular seal groove is had concentrically with on small piston (11) ring surface of small piston rod (26) homonymy, the radius of annular seal groove is greater than the second oil duct (18) hydraulic fluid port apart from the distance of large piston (6) center line and is less than the radius in the small piston hole of large piston (6), and annular seal groove is equipped with the first seal ring (10);
Repid cut-off valve (19) is made up of valve pocket (29), spring (27), spool (36), fixed cover (33) and the second seal ring (32); Spring (27) loads in spool (36), and the opening end of spool (36) loads valve pocket (29) inwardly; Valve pocket (29) is cylindric, and the barrel of valve pocket (29) has the 3rd hydraulic fluid port (37), and the 3rd hydraulic fluid port (37) communicates with the first annular oil groove (28); The inwall of valve pocket (29) has the 3rd annular oil groove (34), 3rd annular oil groove (34) is communicated with the second annular oil groove (35) by the 4th hydraulic fluid port (30), and the close open end of valve pocket (29) outer wall is equipped with the second seal ring (32); Spool (36) is also cylindric, the barrel of spool (36) has the 5th hydraulic fluid port (31), 5th hydraulic fluid port (31) communicates with the 3rd annular oil groove (34), the closed end of spool (36) is provided with push rod, fixed cover is provided with the discoid of through hole centered by (33), fixed cover (33) is fixedly connected with large piston (6) by screw, and the push rod of spool (36) is arranged in the through hole of fixed cover (33);
The hole wall of large end cap (2) is equipped with dust ring (1), the hole wall of guide sleeve (4) is equipped with the 3rd seal ring (3), the 4th seal ring (8) is equipped with in the cylndrical surface of large piston (6), support ring (7) is equipped with in the both sides of the 4th seal ring (8), the cylndrical surface of small piston (11) evenly has 5 ~ 7 balancing slits (12), and the 5th seal ring (21) is equipped with at the middle part of small piston rod (26).
2. velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, is characterized in that the axial length H of described triangular groove (9) is 6 ~ 8mm, and the radial length L of triangular groove (9) is 4 ~ 6mm; Triangular groove (9) is isosceles triangle in the projection of horizontal plane and vertical guide, and triangular groove (9) is 45 ~ 75 ° at the isosceles angle that horizontal plane projects, and described vertical guide is the face vertical with the radial direction of triangular groove (9).
3. velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the groove width of described balancing slit (12) is 0.5 ~ 0.8mm, groove depth is 0.6 ~ 1.0mm.
4. velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described large piston (6), the greatly material of piston rod (25), small piston (11) and small piston rod (26) are cast steel, the equal chromium plating in surface of large piston (6), large piston rod (25), small piston (11) and small piston rod (26), chromium coating thickness is 0.01 ~ 0.02mm.
CN201410137680.1A 2014-04-08 2014-04-08 A kind of velocity transformation double-piston serial oil hydraulic cylinder Expired - Fee Related CN103867525B (en)

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