CN103866334A - Machining process of gear/gear sleeve with large diameter - Google Patents
Machining process of gear/gear sleeve with large diameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103866334A CN103866334A CN201410082936.3A CN201410082936A CN103866334A CN 103866334 A CN103866334 A CN 103866334A CN 201410082936 A CN201410082936 A CN 201410082936A CN 103866334 A CN103866334 A CN 103866334A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- large diameter
- tooth cover
- gear wheel
- quenching
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular relates to a machining process of a gear/gear sleeve with a large diameter. The machining process comprises the following steps of: step 1, forging; step 2, isothermal normalizing; step 3, machining; step 4, carburizing; step 5, quenching via a pressing machine; step 6, tempering; step 7, lathing of an inner bore; step 8, gear pairing; step 9, shot blasting; step 10, phosphating; and step 11, warehousing. The quenching is carried by using the pressing machine, so that influences of various potential distortion factors existing during the machining and the heat treatment of materials in a production process can be removed or reduced under the action of the pressure. According to the machining process provided by the invention, the distortion of the gear/gear sleeve to be machined is controlled in an acceptability limit; and the problem of surface decarburization is basically eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, specifically a kind of gear wheel in large diameter, tooth cover complete processing.
Background technology
Workpiece is in the time of thermal treatment, particularly in quenching process, because of the inconsistent temperature difference that exists of its cross section each several part heating and cooling speed, add the reasons such as the non-isochronism of structural transformation, make the volume breathing of each several part on workpiece cross section inhomogeneous, and elastic plastic deformation is inconsistent, thereby cause the generation of heat treatment stress.Size, state and the distribution thereof of heat treatment stress directly have influence on thermal treatment quality.For example, higher quenching stress, once the yield strength and the brittle fracture strength that exceed steel, will cause the distortion of workpiece, even cracking.The generation reason more complicated of heat treatment stress, influence factor is also more.As the chemical composition of steel, original structure, workpiece shape, size and heat treatment operation method etc. all may make workpiece produce distortion in heat treatment process, even cracking.
At present, most gears or tooth cover are all that after adopting carburizing direct quenching or carburizing, second-heating is quenched, and because carburizing temperature is higher, after carburizing and quenching, gear distortion is larger.And through check, gear distortion qualification rate is only 60% left and right, and has part surface to have decarburization situation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, propose gear wheel in large diameter, tooth cover complete processing.
Concrete technology step is: gear wheel in large diameter, tooth cover complete processing, and it is according to following operational path: the first step, forging;
Second step, isothermal normalizing;
The 3rd step, machining;
The 4th step, carburizing;
The 5th step, die quenching;
The 6th step, tempering;
The 7th step, car endoporus;
The 8th step, gear pairing;
The 9th step, ball blast;
The tenth step, phosphatization;
The 11 step, warehouse-in.
Described the 4th step carburization process is: preheating (470 ℃ ~ 490 ℃) × 930 ℃ × 17.5h of 900 ℃ × 3.5h → carburizing of 3h → heating, 860 ℃ × 3h of carbon potential 1.1% → cooling, carbon potential 0.8%.
When described die quenching, expansion block pressure 3 ~ 3.5MPa; Adopt pulsation to exert pressure, 20 times/min of frequency, inside and outside pressure ring pressure 5 ~ 5.5MPa; The die quenching time is 5min.
Described normalized and tempered adopts and utilizes combination bin level to be placed in separately in process furnace.
Carburizing adopts atmosphere controllable multi-purpose furnace.
Described quenching oil adopts the quick cooling K oil of Houghton, and quenching oil flow three step switch is all opened.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Die quenching is a kind of a kind of special process can limiting gear quenching on the fixing fixture of distortion direction, tolerance, and it can make breathing amount and the amount of distortion minimum of gear.To the gear of the large dish type cone gear of thin-walled and gear sleeve of automobile synchronizer and so on, adopt the die quenching can be by the various potential distortion factor existing in the material in production process, mechanical workout and treatment production under pressure action, remove or reduce its impact.Gear wheel in large diameter of the present invention, tooth cover complete processing, make to be subject to machining gears or tooth cover aberration control in acceptability limit, and basically eliminate surface decarburization problem.
Embodiment
Further with embodiment, the complete processing of a kind of gear wheel in large diameter of the present invention, tooth cover is described in further detail below.
Embodiment mono-, cargo vehicle single reduction gear major diameter dish type spiral bevel gear, the number of teeth 36, modulus 13mm, material is SAE8822H steel.Technical requirements carburizing and quenching effective case depth 1.778 ~ 2.285mm, surface is respectively 57 ~ 65HRC and 30 ~ 45HRC with centre hardness; Metallographic structure martensite, retained austenite and carbide are 1 ~ 5 grade, surperficial non-martensite microstructure Ceng Shen≤0.025mm; Distortion requires: the poor≤0.15mm of interior hole circle degree mistake, the poor≤0.10mm of outer rim planeness mistake, the poor≤0.20mm of inner edge planeness mistake.
It is according to following operational path:
The first step, forging;
Second step, isothermal normalizing;
The 3rd step, machining;
The 4th step, carburizing;
The 5th step, die quenching;
The 6th step, tempering;
The 7th step, car endoporus;
The 8th step, gear pairing;
The 9th step, ball blast;
The tenth step, phosphatization;
The 11 step, warehouse-in.
Further, described the 4th step carburization process is: 930 ℃ × 17.5h of preheating 900 ℃ × 3.5h → carburizing of 480 ℃ × 3h → heating, 860 ℃ × 3h of carbon potential 1.1% → cooling, carbon potential 0.8%.
Further, when described die quenching, expansion block pressure 3 ~ 3.5MPa; Adopt pulsation to exert pressure, 20 times/min of frequency, inside and outside pressure ring pressure 5 ~ 5.5MPa; The die quenching time is 5min.Described quenching oil adopts the quick cooling K oil of Houghton, and quenching oil flow three step switch is all opened.
Because gear separate room quality is large, under high-temperature situation, material yield intensity is lower, and stack placement can cause gear distortion below to strengthen, therefore, be improved to and utilize combination bin level to be placed in separately in process furnace, effectively avoided stack to place and caused the warpage distortion of gear below.
Further, carburizing adopts atmosphere controllable multi-purpose furnace.
Adopt after technique of the present invention, gear aberration control in acceptability limit, basically eliminate surface decarburization problem.
Synchronizer soldered tooth cover in embodiment bis-, heavy truck transmission, material is 20CrH steel, carburizing and quenching effective case depth is 0.7 ~ 1.5mm, Biao face Ying Du≤59HRC, Tanization Wu≤1 grade, residual austenite≤15%(volume fraction), the poor≤0.10mm of interior hole circle degree mistake, the poor≤0.05mm of hole taper mistake.
It is according to following operational path:
The first step, forging;
Second step, isothermal normalizing;
The 3rd step, machining;
The 4th step, carburizing;
The 5th step, die quenching;
The 6th step, tempering;
The 7th step, car endoporus;
The 8th step, gear pairing;
The 9th step, ball blast;
The tenth step, phosphatization;
The 11 step, warehouse-in.
Described the 4th step carburization process is: 930 ℃ × 17.5h of preheating 900 ℃ × 3.5h → carburizing of 460 ℃ × 3h → heating, 860 ℃ × 3h of carbon potential 1.1% → cooling, carbon potential 0.8%.
Further, when described die quenching, expansion block pressure 3 ~ 3.5MPa; Adopt pulsation to exert pressure, 20 times/min of frequency, inside and outside pressure ring pressure 5 ~ 5.5MPa; The die quenching time is 5min.
Described quenching oil adopts the quick cooling K oil of Houghton, and quenching oil flow three step switch is all opened.
Carburizing adopts atmosphere controllable multi-purpose furnace.100 of small quantities of tests, its effective case depth and metallographic index are all qualified, and endoporus deviation from circular from is 0.05 ~ 0.17mm, and hole taper is 0.02 ~ 0.07mm, and endoporus circularity and tapering distort overproof statistics in table 1.
| The endoporus circularity overproof number of packages/part that distorts | Overproof number of packages/the part of the endoporus taper degree of distortion | Endoporus circularity and tapering distortion overproof number of packages/part simultaneously |
| 14 | 14 | 8 |
As shown in Table 1, once to hand over inspection qualification rate be 80% to this synchronizer soldered tooth cover Heat Treatment Distortion.
Claims (6)
1. gear wheel in large diameter, tooth cover complete processing, is characterized in that, it is according to following operational path: the first step, forging;
Second step, isothermal normalizing;
The 3rd step, machining;
The 4th step, carburizing;
The 5th step, die quenching;
The 6th step, tempering;
The 7th step, car endoporus;
The 8th step, gear pairing;
The 9th step, ball blast;
The tenth step, phosphatization;
The 11 step, warehouse-in.
2. gear wheel in large diameter according to claim 1, tooth cover complete processing, it is characterized in that described the 4th step carburization process is: preheating (470 ℃ ~ 490 ℃) × 930 ℃ × 17.5h of 900 ℃ × 3.5h → carburizing of 3h → heating, 860 ℃ × 3h of carbon potential 1.1% → cooling, carbon potential 0.8%.
3. gear wheel in large diameter according to claim 2, tooth cover complete processing, while it is characterized in that described die quenching, expansion block pressure 3 ~ 3.5MPa; Adopt pulsation to exert pressure, 20 times/min of frequency, inside and outside pressure ring pressure 5 ~ 5.5MPa; The die quenching time is 5min.
4. gear wheel in large diameter according to claim 1, tooth cover complete processing, is characterized in that described normalized and tempered adopts utilization combination bin level to be placed in separately in process furnace.
5. gear wheel in large diameter according to claim 1, tooth cover complete processing, is characterized in that carburizing adopts atmosphere controllable multi-purpose furnace.
6. gear wheel in large diameter according to claim 1, tooth cover complete processing, is characterized in that described quenching oil adopts the quick cooling K oil of Houghton, and quenching oil flow three step switch is all opened.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410082936.3A CN103866334A (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | Machining process of gear/gear sleeve with large diameter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410082936.3A CN103866334A (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | Machining process of gear/gear sleeve with large diameter |
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| CN103866334A true CN103866334A (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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| CN201410082936.3A Withdrawn CN103866334A (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | Machining process of gear/gear sleeve with large diameter |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105821341A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant special steel and making method thereof |
| CN105821342A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant and easy-to-mould special steel and making method thereof |
| CN105951001A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Low-self-noise special steel and machining method thereof |
| CN109027035A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 石狮真发齿轮有限公司 | A kind of lorry synchronizer assembly and its processing technology |
-
2014
- 2014-03-10 CN CN201410082936.3A patent/CN103866334A/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 齐宝森，等: "《齿轮热处理200例》", 31 July 2013, 北京：化学工业出版社 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105821341A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant special steel and making method thereof |
| CN105821342A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Abrasion-resistant and easy-to-mould special steel and making method thereof |
| CN105951001A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 江苏金基特钢有限公司 | Low-self-noise special steel and machining method thereof |
| CN109027035A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 石狮真发齿轮有限公司 | A kind of lorry synchronizer assembly and its processing technology |
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Application publication date: 20140618 |